National Next Generation Science Standards

Transcription

1 Ntionl Next Genertion Siene Stndrds Students who demonstrte understnding n: Stndrd (s): HS-LS-3. Pln nd ondut n investigtion to provide evidene tht feedk mehnisms mintin homeostsis. STEM Prtie: Plnning nd Crrying Out Investigtions Pln nd ondut n investigtion individully nd ollortively to produe dt to serve s the sis for evidene, nd in the design: deide on types, how muh, nd ury of dt needed to produe relile mesurements nd onsider limittions on the preision of the dt (e.g., numer of trils, ost, risk, time), nd refine the design ordingly. Horizontl lign.: N/A Vertil lign.: MS.LS.A CCSS ELA: WHST Condut short s well s more sustined reserh projets to nswer question (inluding self-generted question) or solve prolem; nrrow or roden the inquiry when pproprite; synthesize multiple soures on the sujet, demonstrting understnding of the sujet under investigtion. Stndrds Key K = Kindergrten 3 = 3rd Grde (numered y grde) MS = Middle Shool HS = High Shool PS = Physil Siene LS = Life Siene ES = Erth Siene! WHST Gther relevnt informtion from multiple uthorittive print nd digitl soures, using dvned serhes effetively; ssess the strengths nd limittions of eh soure in terms of the speifi tsk, purpose, nd udiene; integrte informtion into the text seletively to mintin the flow of ides, voiding plgirism nd overreline on ny one soure nd following stndrd formt for ittion. T E A C H E GRADE LEVEL G BIOLOGY - LIFE SCIENCE STUDEN BLOOD PRESSURE KIT ITEM # FROM MOLECULES TO ORGANISMS: STRUCTURES AND PROCESSES Complete kit for lerning out lood pressure inluding n neroid lood pressure guge, infltle uff, stethosope, zippered se, nd instrutions. The mnul sphygmomnometer guge used in onjuntion with stethosope mesures lood pressure in the rm s rtery s the hert pumps oxygented lood throughout the ody. U I R D S E Exite students out how the humn ody works. Blood Pressure Reding. Blood Cirultion. Hert Funtion. 8

2 Mterils sphygmomnometer stethosope lood pressure hrt voulry nd flow hrt sheet rek-wy model of hert Gols & Ojetives Students will: understnd lood pressure terminology. use Stethosope. demonstrte simple understnding of the rdi yle/explin hert funtion. explin wht medil prtitioner is doing when tking lood ruing lohol with otton lls Student Blood Pressure Kit Alohol Swps Internet pply their knowledge to tke their own or someone else s lood identify the sientist responsile for this disovery. pply this knowledge to mke gols for helthy dult life. Amerin Sientifi, LLC Use the Internet to identify how person n rise or lower their lood 2 Answers: Rise Blood Pressure tlking, exerise, uff over lothing, feet or k unsupported, full ldder, pin, rm position ove or elow hert level, ffeine Lower Blood Pressure rest, physil fit, medil ondition Prtiiption Student Hndouts: Voulry/Flow Chrt Sheet Reserh with ittions nd orret informtion Blood Pressure Kit Item # Disussion Advned Disussion nd Reserh Reserh how high lood pressure is treted. Write prgrph on how to lower high lood pressure y ) nturl method nd ) medition method. Answers: Nturl exerise, weight loss, relxtion; Medil sttin presription medition Assessment Voulry: Hert, Artery, Vein, Cpillry, Systoli Pressure, Distoli Pressure, Blood Pressure, mmhg, Stethosope, Sphygmomnometer, Air Relese Vlve, Crdiovsulr, Hypertension, Hypotension, Ausulttory. Answers: Hert orgn pumping oxygented lood, Artery lood vessels leving hert with oxygented lood, Vein lood vessels returning lood to hert, Cpillry smll lood vessels, Systoli Pressure hert ontrtion, ulging rtery due to hert pushing lood, Distoli Pressure pressure etween hert ontrtions, Blood Pressure systoli over distoli, mmhg millimeters of Merury mesurement is the unit for lood pressure, Stethosope medil instrument for listening to sounds produed within the ody, Sphygmomnometer pressure guge, Pressure Relese Vlve kno to let out ir, Crdiovsulr hert nd lood vessel system in the ody Blood Pressure Chrt (Numers refer to millimeters of merury, even though most mesuring tools no longer use merury in them.) Systoli Distoli Hypotension <90 / <60 Norml 90-9 / Prehypertension / Stge Hypertension / Stge 2 Hypertension 60 + /

3 Ativities 6 Student Ativities ontinued 2 3 The teher should use lohol nd otton to len the erpiees of the stethosope efore new student uses it. Allow students to trde positions nd repet the proedure until ll students hve tken lood Hert Crdiovsulr Funtion Eh student olors in the hert orgn (Student Hndout). The left side is olored lue to indite lood returning to the hert for oxygention y lood vessels lled veins. The right side is olored red to indite oxygented lood redy for pumping into the ody through lood vessels lled rteries. 4 5 Hve eh student look t the underside of their rm nd feel with one finger the min rtery in the end of their rm. Mention tiny lood vessels re pillries. Wht is the min funtion of the hert orgn? Answer: pumping oxygented lood into the ody. Students should use their notes nd experienes with the l to fill out the voulry/flow hrt sheet. Assign reserh. Students should nme the sientist responsile for this tehnology/proedure, the dte it ourred, nd how it me out. They must ite the soure(s) used. Next they should reserh the things tht n use vrition in lood Finlly, they should write prgrph, plnning lifestyle tht will enourge helthy hert nd lood Amerin Sientifi, LLC Blood Pressure Kit Item # How it works The hert pumps oxygented lood through rteries into the ody. As the hert ontrts, pressure rises in the rteries (systoli). Arteril lood pressure dereses etween hert ontrtions (distoli). A sphygmomnometer (lood pressure guge), is devie used to mesure rteril lood An infltle uff, positioned round n rm, hs ir pumped into it using lood flow to stop. A vlve on the uff is turned, relesing ir from the uff, nd rteril lood egins flowing gin. A mehnil mnometer mesures the rteril lood pressure s lood flow egins (systoli lood pressure reding). As ir pressure in the uff ontinues to derese, lood flows unostruted (distoli lood pressure reding). A stethosope mgnifies the lood flow sounds in the ody. The stethosope is used in onjuntion with the lood pressure guge Ask students wht keeps their ody live. (Brin, hert, lungs?) Tell them tht the hert is one of the mjor orgns; it supplies lood to the whole ody nd tht lood rries oxygen nd other neessities. If its supply is too low or too high, it retes helth issue. Ask if nyone hs ever hd his/her lood pressure tken, or if they ve seen it done. Disuss the importne of eing le to hek lood pressure to mintin helth, or know if medil ttention is needed. (For themselves, or hild they re for, or for n elderly reltive, for exmple) Ativities 5 6 Ask students to tke notes s you spek, write, or point out hert prts with the model. Identify Prts in the Blood Pressure Kit. Group students in pirs nd keep room quiet. Stethosope: Instrument mgnifying ody sounds like lood flow. Hve eh student put on stethosope nd tp the end piee. Position the end piee over prtner s rm fold nd listen for rteril lood flow sounds. It will e fint thump sound. Prtners reverse roles. Wipe erpiees with lohol swps etween students. ontinued on pge 4 3

4 Ativities 4 7 Cuff: Students ple the infltle uff round eh other s upper rm one inh ove rm end (elow re). Remove uff from rm without inflting. Reverse roles. Sphygmomnometer: Mesures Tke the ruer uff out of the loth overing for visul demonstrtion. Eh student uses the hnd pump to inrese ir pressure to t lest 80 mmhg nd turns the ir relese vlve to relese ir from the uff. Blood Pressure Mhine Types (Sphygmomnometers) Use the Internet to reserh nd find piture the 3 different types of sphygmomnometers: merury, neroid, nd digitl. Tell them they will e using one kind of lood pressure mesuring tool. It is neroid (mnul, non-invsive.) It relies on listening, so it is wht is lled usulttory. (Relted to hering.) Explin the merury lood pressure mhine nd hve students identify the units on the pressure guge in their neroid kit (mmhg = millimeters of Merury). 8 9 As lss, sk students to rise their hnds if they hve hd their lood pressure tken y eh type of sphygmomnometer. Whih type is most populr tody? Explin the rdi yle s follows: Erly in the yle the hert is relxed. It fills the ventriles with lood. This tkes out 4 seonds. It is lled the distole segment. Now the hert ontrts, spurting the lood through the ventriles nd out to the rteries. This lso tkes out 4 seonds. It is lled the systole segment. (These 2 segments mke the thump-thump sound people sy of the hert. But tht sound is NOT wht medil prtitioner hers through the stethosope. They do her inditions of oth segments, ut with different sounds.) Hertet Systoli & Distoli Digrm Eh student drws nd lels the following digrm of n rtery. systoli distoli Amerin Sientifi, LLC 0 Demonstrte eh step of tking lood pressure, stopping to let one student from eh group do s you do. d e Ple uff on left rm, t height of hert. Squeeze ul until uff is tight enough to stop flow in rtery. Ple stethosope erpiees in ers nd the dis on the vein t the left elow. This is lled the rhil rtery. Slowly unsrew the utton vlve until you her whoosh. Note the numer on the guge. This is the systoli lood These sounds re lled Korotkoff Sounds. Relese the vlve more, until you n her nothing. Note the numer on the guge. This is the distoli Write the two numers with the systoli pressure over Blood Pressure Kit Item # Ativities the distoli pressure, like frtion. Why does the first sound indite systoli? Beuse the rtery hs een so onstrited tht the only wy lood gets through is during the highest point of the onstrition phse, or systole segment. Conversely then, you quit hering ny noise when you reh the most relxed phse of the hert, or the distoli segment. *Note It is lwys est to DO n experiment hed of time to e le to est present it to the lss.! Hve students ompre their findings with the hrt for norml/ norml lood pressures. ontinued on pge 6 5

5 S T U D E N T H A N D O U T Voulry Hert Artery Vein Cpillry Systoli Pressure Distoli Pressure Blood Pressure mmhg Stethosope Sphygmomnometer Air Relese Vlve Crdiovsulr Hypertension Hypotension Ausulttory Student Nme:

6 S T U D E N T H A N D O U T 2 Write the lood pressure results you took nd the nme of the ptient. Compre your findings to the norml/ norml lood pressure hrt on the k of this worksheet. 4 Write prgrph, plnning lifestyle tht will enourge helthy hert nd lood 3 Complete the digrm out rdi yle. 5 Color in the hert orgn. Color lue: indite lood returning to the hert for oxygention y lood vessels lled veins. Color red: indite oxygented lood redy for pumping into the ody through lood vessels lled rteries. Blood Pressure Chrt (Numers refer to millimeters of merury, even though most mesuring tools no longer use merury in them.) Systoli Distoli Hypotension <90 / <60 Norml 90-9 / Prehypertension / Stge Hypertension / Stge 2 Hypertension 60 + / 00+