Name Gas Law Date. Version 3

Transcription

1 Name Gas Law Date 1. A real gas behaves least like an ideal gas under the conditions of 1) low temperature and high pressure 2) high temperature and low pressure 3) high temperature and high pressure 4) low temperature and low pressure 2. Which two samples of gas at STP contain the same total number of molecules? 1) 1 L of H2(g) and 2 L of Cl2(g) 2) 2 L of H2(g) and 2 L of Cl2(g) 3) 2 L of CO(g) and 0.5 L of NH3(g) 4) 1 L of CO(g) and 0.5 L of N2(g) 3. A closed container holds 3.0 moles of CO2 gas at STP. What is the total number of moles of Ne(g) that can be placed in a container of the same size at STP? 1) 1.0 mole 2) 1.5 moles 3) 3.0 moles 4) 0.0 moles 4. Which graph represents the relationship between pressure and volume for a sample of an ideal gas at constant temperature? 5. The volume of a gas is 4.00 liters at 293 K and constant pressure. For the volume of the gas to become 3.00 liters, the Kelvin temperature must be equal to 6. A gas has a volume of 1,400 milliliters at a temperature of 20. K and a pressure of 1.0 atm. What will be the new volume when the temperature is changed to 40. K and the pressure is changed to 0.50 atm? 1) 750 ml 2) 5,600 ml 3) 350 ml 4) 1,400 ml 7. At constant temperature, the relationship between the volume of a given mass of gas and its pressure is 8. When the pressure exerted on a confined gas at constant temperature is doubled, the volume of the gas is 1) halved 2) doubled 3) tripled 4) quartered 9. Under which conditions will the volume of a given sample of a gas decrease? 1) decreased pressure and increased temperature 2) increased pressure and increased temperature 3) decreased pressure and decreased temperature 4) increased pressure and decreased temperature 10. A sealed container of nitrogen gas contains molecules at STP. As the temperature increases, the mass of the nitrogen will 1) decrease 2) increase 3) remain the same

2 11. When a sample of gas is cooled in a sealed, rigid container, the pressure the gas exerts on the walls of the container will decrease because the gas particles hit the walls of the container 1) less often and with less force 2) more often and with more force 3) more often and with less force 4) less often and with more force 12. What is the pressure of a mixture of CO2, SO2, and H2 O gases, if each gas has a partial pressure of 25 kpa? 1) 25 kpa 2) 50 kpa 3) 101 kpa 4) 75 kpa 17. Which gas will diffuse at the fastest rate under the same conditions of temperature and pressure? 1) H2 2) N2 3) O2 4) F2 18. Under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, which of the following noble gases diffuses most rapidly? 1) Ar 2) Kr 3) Xe 4) Ne 19. Which diagram best represents a gas in a closed container? 13. The partial pressures of gases A, B, and C in a mixture are atmosphere, atmosphere, and 1.25 atmospheres, respectively. What is the total pressure of the gas mixture in kpa? 1) 228 kpa 2) 2.25 kpa 3) 202 kpa 4) 301 kpa 14. A flask contains a mixture of N2(g) and O2(g) at STP. If the partial pressure exerted by the N2(g) is 40.0 kpa, the partial pressure of the O2(g) is 1) 21.3 kpa 2) 720 kpa 3) 61.3 kpa 4) 37.3 kpa 15. Given the same conditions of temperature and pressure, which noble gas will diffuse most rapidly? 1) Ne 2) Kr 3) He 4) Ar 16. Which of the following gases would have the slowest rate of diffusion when all of the gases are held at the same temperature and pressure? 1) O2 2) CO2 3) N2 4) NO

3 20. Which graph shows the relationship between pressure and Kelvin temperature for an ideal gas at constant volume? 21. Base your answer to the following question on the Reference Tables for Physical Setting/Chemistry. Based on Table G, determine the total mass of NH3 that must be dissolved in 200. grams of water to produce a saturated solution at 20. C. 22. Base your answer to the following question on the information below. A soft-drink bottling plant makes a colorless, slightly acidic carbonated beverage called soda water. During production of the beverage, CO2(g) is dissolved in water at a pressure greater than 1 atmosphere. The bottle containing the solution is capped to maintain that pressure above the solution. As soon as the bottle is opened, fizzing occurs due to CO2(g) being released from the solution. State the relationship between, the solubility of CO2(g) in water and the temperature of the aqueous solution. Base your answers to questions 23 and 24 on the diagram below, which shows a piston confining a gas in a cylinder. 23. Sketch the general relationship between the pressure and the volume of an ideal gas at constant temperature.

4 24. The gas volume in the cylinder is 6.2 milliliters and its pressure is 1.4 atmospheres. The piston is then pushed in until the gas volume is 3.1 milliliters while the temperature remains constant. a Calculate the pressure, in atmospheres, after the change in volume. Show all work. b Record your answer. 25. Base your answer to the following question on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry. The diagram below represents a cylinder with a movable piston. The cylinder contains 1.0 liter of oxygen gas at STP. The movable piston in the cylinder is pushed downward at constant temperature until the volume of O2(g) is 0.50 liter. State the effect on the frequency of gas molecule collisions when the movable piston is pushed farther downward into the cylinder.

5 Answer Key Gas Law Test g 3 g. 25. When the piston is moved farther into the cylinder, the frequency of collision between the molecules increases. There will be more collisions per second. increased frequency 22. The solubility of CO2 (g) decreases as the temperature of the solution increases; As temperature decreases, solubility of CO2 increases a Example: (6.2 ml)(1.4 atm) = (3.1 ml)(p2) b 2.8