Considerations for Qualifying Elastomers Used in Artificial Lift Equipment

Transcription

1 40 th Gas-Lift Workshop Houston, Texas, USA Oct , 2017 Considerations for Qualifying Elastomers Used in Artificial Lift Equipment Edward de St. Remey, Sr. Mechanical Engineer, Artificial Lift Shell International Exploration and Production 2017 Gas-Lift Workshop 1

2 Outline Life Evaluation Statement High-Temperature O-Ring Seal Stack Elastomer Ratings Accelerated Aging High-Pressure Elastomer Selection Rapid Gas Decompression 2017 Gas-Lift Workshop 2

3 Life Evaluation Statement When we specify an O-ring or support seal, we know it will last forever 2017 Gas-Lift Workshop 3

4 Temperature, F High-Pressure, High Temperature 600 High Pressure High Temperature Conditions Pressure, Kpsi BSEE Defines HPHT as >350F and/or >15Kpsi 2017 Gas-Lift Workshop 4

5 Temperature, F High-Pressure, High Temperature 600 High Pressure High Temperature Environment FFKM - Kalrez FKM - Viton EPDM Nordel Pressure, Kpsi BSEE Defines HPHT as >350F and/or >15Kpsi 2017 Gas-Lift Workshop 5

6 Gas-Lift Seal Stack Example 2017 Gas-Lift Workshop 6

7 Life Acceptance Criteria DW Offshore Life Expectancy Range 10 years to 25 years Temperature Range C (302 F) to 177 C (350 F) Pressure Range - up to 1170 Bar (17,000 psi) 2017 Gas-Lift Workshop 7

8 Elastomer Selection By Temperature Gas-Lift Workshop 8

9 Temperature Aging, A Closer Look Gas-Lift Workshop 9

10 Thermal Aging Testing Svante Arrhenius Arrhenius Equation indicating temperature dependence on reaction rates Determine failure rates at high temperature extrapolate to design temperature With rate-limited homogenous processes, for each ~10 C rise in temperature the reaction rate doubles * API TR 6J1, Elastomer Life Estimation Testing Procedures, First Edition, August Gas-Lift Workshop 10

11 Life Examples of Accelerated Aging 69 year old truck driver (for 28 years) received more sunlight on his left side, resulting in premature aging 72 year old monk with little sun exposure 2017 Gas-Lift Workshop 11

12 Elastomer Selection by Pressure It s all about the gap. Wayne Mabry Gas-Lift SME Gas-Lift Workshop 12

13 Rapid Gas Decompression (RGD) NORSOK M-710 Inspection of O-Ring NORSOK Standard M-710. Edition 3, September 2014, Qualification of non-metallic materials and manufacturers Polymers, 24 pages Gas-Lift Workshop 13

14 Life Example of Rapid Gas Decompression 2017 Gas-Lift Workshop 14

15 Conclusions In HPHT Gas-Lift Applications: Verify maximum temperature exposure and time frame of application Verify pressure exposure and limit rate of pressure reduction Verify life of elastomers by performing qualification testing using accelerated aging techniques 2017 Gas-Lift Workshop 15

16 Copyright Rights to this presentation are owned by the company(ies) and/or author(s) listed on the title page. By submitting this presentation to the Gas-Lift Workshop, they grant to the Workshop and the Artificial Lift Research and Development Council (ALRDC) rights to: Display the presentation at the Workshop. Place it on the web site, with access to the site to be as directed by the Workshop Steering Committee. Place it on a CD for distribution and/or sale as directed by the Workshop Steering Committee. Other uses of this presentation are prohibited without the expressed written permission of the company(ies) and/or author(s) who own it and the Workshop Steering Committee Gas-Lift Workshop 16

17 Disclaimer The following disclaimer shall be included as the last page of a Technical Presentation or Continuing Education Course. A similar disclaimer is included on the front page of the Gas-Lift Workshop Web Site. The Artificial Lift Research and Development Council and its officers and trustees, and the Gas-Lift Workshop Steering Committee members, and their supporting organizations and companies (here-inafter referred to as the Sponsoring Organizations), and the author(s) of this Technical Presentation or Continuing Education Training Course and their company(ies), provide this presentation and/or training material at the Gas-Lift Workshop "as is" without any warranty of any kind, express or implied, as to the accuracy of the information or the products or services referred to by any presenter (in so far as such warranties may be excluded under any relevant law) and these members and their companies will not be liable for unlawful actions and any losses or damage that may result from use of any presentation as a consequence of any inaccuracies in, or any omission from, the information which therein may be contained. The views, opinions, and conclusions expressed in these presentations and/or training materials are those of the author and not necessarily those of the Sponsoring Organizations. The author is solely responsible for the content of the materials. The Sponsoring Organizations cannot and do not warrant the accuracy of these documents beyond the source documents, although we do make every attempt to work from authoritative sources. The Sponsoring Organizations provide these presentations and/or training materials as a service. The Sponsoring Organizations make no representations or warranties, express or implied, with respect to the presentations and/or training materials, or any part thereof, including any warrantees of title, noninfringement of copyright or patent rights of others, merchantability, or fitness or suitability for any purpose Gas-Lift Workshop 17