17 15 NOVA SCOTIA FIRE SERVICE TRAINING INTERIOR LEVEL (PHASE 3)

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1 1. NOVA SCOTIA FIRE SERVICE INTERIOR FIREFIGHTER PREAMBLE Interior Operation Firefighters may engage in interior fire suppression activities within all structures or objects such as a vehicle, single family dwelling or any other structure as directed by the Incident Commander. Interior Operations may also include larger or more complex structures that the AHJ has assessed and pre-planned for, such that it determines the structure to be safe for Interior Operations qualified firefighters. Firefighters must be trained specifically to the risks associated with these structures. Interior Operations Level Firefighters will have Operational Guidelines, that must be written and enforced by the department, that describe advanced training in fire operations activities that allow for a calculated fire attack within permitted structures and objects. 2. PURPOSE This standard provides a method for obtaining the appropriate level of knowledge and skills for the Interior level of firefighting that they will participate in. 3. LEARNING OBJECTIVES FOR INTERIOR FIREFIGHTERS 1

2 Orientation and Fire Service History 1. Summarize the history of the fire service. 2. Explain the organizational characteristics, cultural challenges, and cultural strengths that influence the fire service. 3. Describe the mission of the fire service. 4. Describe the organization of fire departments. 5. Distinguish among functions of fire companies. 6. Summarize primary knowledge and skills the firefighter must have to function effectively. 7. Distinguish among the primary roles of fire service personnel. 8. Describe fire department organizational principles. 9. Locate information in departmental documents and standard or code materials. 10. Distinguish between fire department SOPs and rules and regulations. 11. Explain the ways the fire service may interact with other organizations. Firefighter Safety and Health 1. List the main types of job-related firefighter fatalities, injuries, and illnesses. 2. Describe the National Fire Protection Association standards related to firefighter safety and health. 2

3 3. Identify Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations and how they relate to firefighters. 4. Summarize the model that supports the concept of risk management. 5. Describe fire department safety and health programs. 6. Summarize firefighter health awareness issues. 7. Summarize safe vehicle operations. 8. Summarize guidelines for riding safely on the apparatus. 9. Describe ways to help prevent accidents and injuries in fire stations and facilities.] 10. Explain general guidelines for tool and equipment safety. 11. Describe ways to maintain safety in training. 12. State the practices a Firefighter I uses for emergency scene preparedness and safety. 13. Summarize general guidelines for scene management including highway incidents, crowd control, and cordoning off emergency scenes. 14. Explain the importance of personnel accountability. 15. Respond to an incident, correctly mounting and dismounting an apparatus. 16. Wearing appropriate PPE, including reflective vest, demonstrate scene management at roadway incidents using traffic and scene control devices. Fire Department Communications 3 1. Explain the procedures for receiving emergency and nonemergency external communications. 2. Describe the information required to dispatch emergency services. 3. Describe the systems used for internal communications.

4 4. Explain radio limitations that may impact internal communications. 5. Describe radio procedures used for internal communications. 6. Handle emergency and nonemergency calls. 7. Use a portable radio for routine and emergency traffic. Building Construction 1. Describe the impact of fire on common building materials. 2. Explain the impact of fire on construction classifications. 3. List the main types of occupancy classifications. 4. Describe the basic construction of building components. Fire Behavior 1. Explain the science of fire as it relates to energy, forms of ignition, and modes of combustion. 2. Describe the impact of thermal energy on heat, temperature, and heat transfer. 3. Recognize the physical states of fuel. 4. Explain the relationship between oxygen and life safety. 5. Identify the products of self-sustained chemical reactions. 6. Explain the factors that affect fire development. 7. Describe the stages of fire development. 8. Recognize signs, causes, and effects of rapid fire development. 4

5 9. Describe the methods through which firefighting operations can influence fire behavior. Firefighter Personal Protective Equipment 5 1. Describe the purpose of personal protective equipment. 2. Describe characteristics of each type of personal protective equipment. 3. Summarize guidelines for the care of personal protective clothing. 4. Explain safety considerations for personal protective equipment. 5. Identify respiratory hazards. 6. Identify types of respiratory protection equipment. 7. Describe the limitations of respiratory protection equipment. 8. Explain methods for storing respiratory protection equipment. 9. Describe general donning and doffing considerations for protective breathing apparatus. 10. Summarize general considerations for protective breathing apparatus inspections and care. 11. Summarize safety precautions for refilling SCBA cylinders. 12. Explain procedures for replacing SCBA cylinders. 13. Explain safety precautions for SCBA use. 14. Describe nonemergency and emergency exit indicators. 15. Describe nonemergency exit techniques. 16. Demonstrate the method for donning structural personal protective clothing for use at an emergency. 17. With structural personal protective clothing in place, demonstrate the over-the-head method of donning an SCBA. 18. With structural personal protective clothing in place, demonstrate the coat method of donning an SCBA.

6 19. With structural personal protective clothing in place, demonstrate the method for donning an SCBA while seated. 20. Doff personal protective equipment, including respiratory protection, and prepare for reuse. 21. Demonstrate the steps for inspecting an SCBA. 22. Demonstrate the steps for cleaning and sanitizing an SCBA. 23. Demonstrate the method for filling an SCBA cylinder from a cascade system, wearing appropriate PPE, including eye and ear protection. 24. Demonstrate the method for filling an SCBA cylinder from a compressor/purifier system wearing appropriate PPE, including eye and ear protection. 25. Demonstrate the one-person method for replacing an SCBA cylinder. 26. Demonstrate the two-person method for replacing an SCBA cylinder. Portable Fire Extinguishers 1. Explain portable fire extinguisher classifications. 2. Describe types of portable fire extinguishers. 3. Define the ratings in a portable fire extinguisher rating system. 4. Explain the considerations taken when selecting and using portable fire extinguishers. 5. Identify procedures used for the inspection, care, and maintenance of portable fire extinguishers. 6. Operate a stored pressure water extinguisher. 7. Operate a dry chemical (ABC) extinguisher. 8. Operate a carbon dioxide (CO2) extinguisher. 6

7 Ropes, Webbing, and Knots 7 1. Compare and contrast the characteristics of life safety rope and utility rope. 2. Summarize basic guidelines for rope maintenance. 3. Explain reasons for placing rope out of service. 4. Describe webbing and webbing construction. 5. Describe parts of a rope and considerations in tying a knot. 6. Describe knot characteristics and knot elements. 7. Describe characteristics of knots commonly used in the fire service. 8. Select commonly used rope hardware for specific applications. 9. Summarize hoisting safety considerations. 10. Inspect, clean, and store rope. 11. Tie an overhand knot. 12. Tie a bowline knot. 13. Tie a clove hitch. 14. Tie a clove hitch around an object. 15. Tie a handcuff (rescue) knot. 16. Tie a figure-eight knot. 17. Tie a figure-eight bend. 18. Tie a figure-eight on a bight. 19. Tie a figure-eight follow through. 20. Tie a Becket bend. 21. Tie a water knot. 22. Hoist an axe. 23. Hoist a pike pole. 24. Hoist a roof ladder.

8 25. Hoist a dry hoseline. 26. Hoist a charged hoseline. 27. Hoist a power saw. Structural Search, Victim Removal, and Firefighter Survival 1. Summarize the impact of building construction and floor plans on structural search techniques. 2. Explain size-up and situational awareness considerations during structural searches. 3. Summarize safety guidelines for structural search and rescue. 4. Differentiate between primary and secondary search techniques. 5. Recognize basic search methods. 6. Describe victim removal methods. 7. Explain firefighter survival methods. 8. Explain what survival actions firefighters can take when needed. 9. Describe the actions of a rapid intervention crew or team (RIC/RIT) when locating a downed firefighter. 10. Demonstrate the procedure for conducting a primary search. 11. Demonstrate the procedure for conducting a secondary search. 12. Demonstrate the incline drag. 13. Demonstrate the webbing drag. 14. Demonstrate the cradle-in-arms lift/carry One-rescuer method. 15. Demonstrate the seat lift/carry Two-rescuer method. 16. Demonstrate the extremities lift/carry Two-rescuer method. 17. Demonstrate the actions required for transmitting a MAYDAY report. 18. Demonstrate the proper procedures for an SCBA air emergency. 8

9 19. Demonstrate the actions required for withdrawing from a hostile environment with a hoseline. 20. Demonstrate low profile maneuvers without removing SCBA Side technique. 21. Perform low profile maneuvers without removing SCBA SCBAfirst technique. 22. Demonstrate the method for breaching an interior wall. 23. Demonstrate the steps for disentangling from debris or wires. Scene Lighting 1. Identify types of emergency scene lighting equipment. Forcible Entry 9 1. Explain the basic principles of forcible entry. 2. Describe the basic construction of locksets. 3. Describe considerations a firefighter must take when using forcible entry tools. 4. Indicate steps needed to care for and maintain forcible entry tools. 5. Explain the ways to force entry through various types of doors. 6. Identify considerations that need to be taken when forcing entry through locks, padlocks, overhead doors, and fire doors. 7. Describe forcible entry methods used for windows. 8. Explain considerations firefighters must take when forcing entry through miscellaneous types of windows and covers.

10 9. Describe forcible entry methods for breaching walls. 10. Explain forcible entry methods for breaching floors. 11. Indicate methods for forcing fences and gates. 12. Clean, inspect, and maintain hand tools and equipment. 13. Clean, inspect, and maintain power tools and equipment. 14. Force entry through an inward-swinging door Two-firefighter method. 15. Force entry through an inward-swinging door Cutting the lock out of the door method. 16. Force entry through an outward-swinging door Removing hingepins method. 17. Force entry though an outward-swinging door Wedge-end method. 18. Force entry using the through-the-lock method. 19. Force entry using the through-the-lock method using the K-tool. 20. Force entry using the through-the-lock method using the A-tool. 21. Force entry through padlocks. 22. Use a bam-bam tool. 23. Cut a padlock with a rotary saw. 24. Force entry through a window (glass pane). 25. Force entry through a double-hung window. 26. Force a Lexan window using a rotary saw. 27. Force entry through a wood-framed wall. (Type V construction) with hand tools. 28. Force entry through a wood wall. (Type V construction) with a rotary saw or chain saw. 29. Breach a wall using a battering ram. 30. Force entry through a masonry wall with hand tools. 31. Force entry through a metal wall with power tools. 32. Breach a hardwood floor. 33. Bridge a fence with a ladder. 10

11 Ground Ladders Describe different construction types of ground ladders. 2. Identify the parts of a ladder including markings and labels. 3. Recognize the types of ladders used in the fire service. 4. Explain the considerations addressed by ladder inspection, cleaning, and maintenance. 5. Describe safety guidelines used when handling ladders. 6. Explain considerations taken when selecting, lifting, and lowering a ladder. 7. Describe various methods for ladder carries. 8. Identify basic considerations and requirements for ground ladder placement. 9. Describe various methods for ladder raises. 10. Compare procedures for moving ground ladders. 11. Explain the methods used to secure ladders. 12. Describe ladder climbing considerations. 13. Indicate what methods can be used to work from a ladder. 14. Explain methods used for assisting a victim down a ladder. 15. Clean, inspect, and maintain a ladder. 16. Carry a ladder One-firefighter low-shoulder method. 17. Carry a ladder Two-firefighter low-shoulder method. 18. Carry a ladder Three-firefighter flat-shoulder method. 19. Carry a ladder Three-firefighter flat-arm's length method. 20. Carry a ladder Two-firefighter arm s length on-edge method. 21. Tie the halyard. 22. Raise a ladder One-firefighter method. 23. Raise a ladder Two-firefighter flat raise. 24. Raise a ladder Two-firefighter beam raise. 25. Raise a ladder Three- or four-firefighter flat raise.

12 26. Deploy a roof ladder One-firefighter method. 27. Pivot a ladder Two-firefighter method. 28. Shift a ladder One-firefighter method. 29. Shift a ladder Two-firefighter method. 30. Heel a ground ladder. 31. Leg lock on a ground ladder. 32. Assist a conscious victim down a ground ladder. 33. Assist an unconscious victim down a ground ladder. Tactical Ventilation 1. Describe reasons for tactical ventilation. 2. Identify considerations that affect the decision to ventilate. 3. Explain the critical fire behavior indicators present during tactical ventilation. 4. Define horizontal and vertical ventilation. 5. Explain the means for achieving horizontal and vertical ventilation. 6. Describe the types of horizontal ventilation. 7. Describe the types of vertical ventilation. 8. Recognize other types of ventilation situations. 9. Explain the effects of building systems on tactical ventilation. 10. Ventilate using mechanical negative pressure in a window. 11. Ventilate using mechanical negative pressure in a doorway. 12. Ventilate using mechanical positive pressure. 13. Perform horizontal hydraulic ventilation. 14. Demonstrate the procedure for sounding a roof. 15. Ventilate using a rotary saw to cut an opening. 16. Ventilate using an axe to cut an opening. 17. Demonstrate the procedure for opening a flat roof. 12

13 18. Perform the steps for opening pitched roofs. 19. Demonstrate the procedure for making a trench cut using a rotary saw. Water Supply Objectives 1. Explain the ways water supply system components are used by firefighters. 2. Describe types of fire hydrants and hydrant markings. 3. Explain fire hydrant operation and inspection considerations. 4. Explain alternative water supply sources and methods of access. 5. Describe methods used for rural water supply operations. 6. Operate a hydrant. 7. Make soft-sleeve and hard-suction hydrant connections. 8. Connect and place a hard-suction hose for drafting from a static water source. 9. Deploy a portable water tank. Fire Hose Explain basic fire hose characteristics. 2. Describe different causes of and prevention methods for hose damage. 3. Identify basic inspection, care, and maintenance methods for fire hose. 4. Compare various uses for hose appliances and tools. 5. Describe basic hose rolls.

14 14 6. Explain basic hose loads and finishes. 7. Compare various methods to make preconnected hose loads for attack lines. 8. Explain the methods used for supply hose lays. 9. Recognize different methods for handling hoselines. 10. Describe methods for advancing hoselines in various ways. 11. List the considerations that can impact operating attack hoselines. 12. Couple and uncouple a hose. 13. Inspect and maintain a fire hose. 14. Make a straight hose roll. 15. Make a donut hose roll. 16. Make the flat hose load. 17. Make the accordion hose load. 18. Make the horseshoe hose load. 19. Make a finish. 20. Make the preconnected flat hose load. 21. Make the triple layer hose load. 22. Make the minuteman hose load. 23. Make a hydrant connection from a forward lay. 24. Make the reverse hose lay. 25. Advance a hose load. 26. Deploy a wye-equipped hose during a reverse hose lay. 27. Advance a charged hoseline using the working line drag method. 28. Advance a line into a structure. 29. Advance a line up and down an interior stairway. 30. Connect to a stairway standpipe connection and advance an attack hoseline onto a floor. 31. Advance an uncharged line up a ladder into a window. 32. Advance a charged line up a ladder into a window. 33. Operate a charged attack line from a ladder. 34. Operate a small hoseline One-firefighter method. 35. Operate a large hoseline for exposure protection One-firefighter method.

15 36. Operate a large hoseline Two-firefighter method. 37. Extend a hoseline. 38. Replace a burst hoseline. Fire Streams 1. Explain the way vaporization and steam relate to the extinguishing properties of water. 2. Identify the factors that create pressure loss or gain. 3. Describe the impact water hammer has on fire streams. 4. Explain fire stream patterns and their possible limiting factors. 5. Describe the three types of fire stream nozzles. 6. Compare the different types of nozzle control valves. 7. Describe the factors in operating and maintaining handline nozzles. 8. Operate a fog-stream nozzle. 9. Operate a broken stream nozzle. 10. Operate a solid stream nozzle. Fire Control 1. Describe initial factors to consider when suppressing structure fires. 2. Summarize considerations taken when making entry. 15

16 16 3. Describe direct attack, indirect attack, combination attack, and gas cooling techniques. 4. Describe safety considerations that must be identified for upper level structure fires. 5. Explain actions taken when attacking belowground structure fires. 6. Discuss methods of fire control through exposure protection and controlling building utilities. 7. Describe steps taken when supporting fire protection systems at protected structures. 8. Explain considerations taken when deploying, supplying, and staffing master stream devices. 9. Describe situations that may require suppression of Class C fires. 10. Identify hazards associated with suppressing Class C fires. 11. Describe actions associated with suppressing Class D fires. 12. Explain actions taken when suppressing a vehicle fire. 13. Compare methods used to suppress fires in stacked and piled materials, small unattached structures, and trash containers. 14. Summarize the main influences on ground cover fire behavior. 15. Compare types of ground cover fires. 16. Describe elements that influence ground cover fire behavior. 17. Identify the parts of a ground cover fire. 18. Describe protective clothing and equipment used in fighting ground cover fires. 19. Describe methods used to attack ground cover fires. 20. Summarize safety principles and practices when fighting ground cover fires. 21. Attack a structure fire using a direct, indirect, or combination attack. 22. Attack a structure fire above, below, and at ground level Interior attack. 23. Turn off building utilities. 24. Connect supply fire hose to a fire department connection.] 25. Operate a sprinkler system control valve. 26. Stop the flow of water of an activated sprinkler.

17 27. Deploy and operate a portable master stream device. 28. Attack a passenger vehicle fire. 29. Attack a fire in stacked or piled materials. 30. Attack a fire in a small unattached structure. 31. Extinguish a fire in a trash container. 32. Attack a ground cover fire. Loss Control Explain the philosophy of loss control. 2. Describe the ways preincident planning impacts loss control. 3. Determine appropriate salvage procedures. 4. Compare and contrast different types of salvage covers. 5. Explain ways to fold, roll, spread, and improvise with salvage covers. 6. Describe ways to cover openings during salvage operations. 7. Explain methods used to maintain fire safety during overhaul. 8. Describe factors that influence locating hidden fires. 9. Identify different overhaul procedures. 10. Indicate the ways a thermal imager can be used during overhaul. 11. Clean, inspect, and repair a salvage cover. 12. Roll a salvage cover for a one-firefighter spread. 13. Spread a rolled salvage cover One-firefighter method. 14. Fold a salvage cover for a one-firefighter spread. 15. Spread a folded salvage cover One-firefighter method. 16. Fold a salvage cover for a two-firefighter spread. 17. Spread a folded salvage cover Two-firefighter balloon throw. 18. Construct a water chute without pike poles. 19. Construct a water chute with pike poles. 20. Construct a catchall.

18 21. Make a chute and attach it to a catchall. 22. Locate and extinguish hidden fires. Fire Origin and Cause Determination 1. Explain ways to recognize obvious signs of the area of origin. 2. Describe the relationship between fire cause classifications and cause determination. 3. Recognize signs of arson. 4. Describe the importance of preserving evidence. 5. Explain techniques for preserving evidence. Fire and Life Safety Initiatives 1. Explain the steps taken during fire and life safety program development. 2. Describe the components involved in fire and life safety program delivery. 3. Explain the impact of safety hazards, messages, and target audiences on creating fire and life safety education programs. 4. Indicate ways to identify and prevent firesetter development. 5. Describe the role of a Firefighter I in enforcing fire and life safety codes. 18

19 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS AWARENESS Introduction to Hazardous Materials 1. Distinguish between hazardous materials incidents and other emergencies. 2. Discuss the roles of Awareness-Level personnel and Operations- Level responders. 3. Describe the various types of hazardous materials hazards. 4. Explain each of the routes of entry. 5. Describe the U.S., Canadian, and Mexican hazardous materials regulations and definitions. 6. Discuss hazardous materials incident statistics. Hazardous Materials Identification Identify the seven clues to the presence of hazardous materials. 2. Discuss the occupancy types, locations, and pre-incident surveys that may indicate hazardous materials. 3. Describe the container shapes that may contain hazardous materials. 4. Identify placards, labels, and markings that designate the presence of hazardous materials. 5. Describe the other markings and colors that may indicate the presence of hazardous materials. 6. Explain the written resources available to indicate the presence of hazardous materials. 7. Discuss the limitations of using the senses to determine the presence or absence of hazardous materials.

20 8. Discuss monitoring and detection devices. 9. Analyze scenarios to detect the presence of hazardous materials. 10. Interpret representative shipping papers. 11. Interpret a safety data sheet (SDS). 12. Explain how to identify terrorist attacks and illicit laboratories. Awareness-Level Actions at Hazardous Materials Incidents 1. Discuss predetermined procedures and emergency response plans. 2. Describe notification requirements. 3. Discuss the use of the Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG). 4. Obtain information about a hazardous material using the ERG. 5. Describe isolation and discuss denial of entry. 6. Discuss terrorist incidents. 20

21 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS OPERATIONS Chemical Properties and Hazardous Materials Behavior 1. Discuss the three states of matter. 2. Discuss the flammability of various hazardous materials. 3. Describe vapor pressure. 4. Explain boiling point. 5. Define melting point, freezing point, and sublimation. 6. Describe vapor density. 7. Define solubility and miscibility. 8. Discuss specific gravity. 9. Define persistence. 10. Define reactivity and describe the reactivity triangle. 11. Describe the General Hazardous Materials Behavior Model. Incident Management 1. Describe incident priorities. 2. Discuss various incident management systems. 3. Identify communication procedures and guidelines for use at hazardous materials incidents. 21

22 Strategic Goals and Tactical Objectives 1. Describe each of the steps of the basic problem-solving formula. 2. Discuss isolation and scene control. 3. Explain the notification process. 4. Discuss protection of responders, the public, the environment, and property. 5. Describe recovery and termination. Terrorist Attacks, Criminal Activities, and Disasters 1. Define terrorism. 2. Distinguish between a terrorist attack and a routine emergency. 3. Discuss terrorist tactics and types of attacks. 4. Discuss explosive attacks. 5. Discuss chemical attacks. [NFPA 472, 5.2.3(9)(a, c-e, g)] 6. Discuss biological attacks. [NFPA 472, 5.2.3(9)(b)] 7. Discuss radiological and nuclear attacks. [NFPA 472, 5.2.3(9)(f), 5.2.4(5)] 8. Identify hazards of illegal haz mat dumps. 9. Describe proper evidence preservation. [NFPA 472, 5.4.2] 10. Discuss hazardous materials during and after disasters. 22

23 Personal Protective Equipment 1. Discuss respiratory protection. 2. Discuss protective clothing and ensembles. 3. Don and doff different types of personal protective equipment (PPE). 4. Discuss inspection, storage, testing, and maintenance of PPE. 5. Given hazardous materials scenarios, determine proper PPE for each incident and report and document the decision. Decontamination 1. Define decontamination. 2. Identify various decontamination methods. 3. Discuss general guidelines for decon operations. 4. Describe the different types of victims that may receive decontamination. 5. Describe emergency decontamination. 6. Perform emergency decontamination. 7. Describe technical decontamination. 8. Set up and implement a technical decontamination corridor and undergo decontamination. 9. Perform technical decontamination on a non-ambulatory victim. 10. Discuss mass decontamination. 11. Perform mass decontamination. 12. Determine the effectiveness of decontamination operations. 13. Explain how to implement decontamination. 23

24 Product Control 1. Describe each of the various spill control tactics. 2. Perform absorption/adsorption. 3. Perform damming operations. 4. Perform diking operations. 5. Perform diversion operations. 6. Perform retention operations. 7. Perform vapor suppression. 8. Perform vapor dispersion. 9. Perform dilution operations. 10. Discuss leak control. 11. Perform remote valve shutoff. 12. Explain fire control. 24

25 STANDARD FIRST AID AND LEVEL C CPR obtain the course from 1. Canadian Red Cross 2. St Johns Ambulance 25

26 INTRODUCTION TO ICS 100 Course Overview 1. Demonstrate basic knowledge of the Incident Command System (ICS). ICS Overview 1. Define ICS 2. Identify three purposes of ICS 3. List the five primary management functions 4. List the benefits of using ICS Basic Features of ICS 1. Describe the basic features of the Incident Command System (ICS). Incident Commander and Command Staff Functions 1. Describe the role and function of the Incident Commander. 2. Describe the role and function of the Command Staff. 26

27 General Staff Functions 1. Describe the functions of the Operations Section. 2. Describe the functions of the Planning Section. 3. Describe the functions of the Logistics Section. 4. Describe the functions of the Finance/Administration Section. ICS Facilities 1. Describe the six basic ICS facilities. 2. Identify facilities that may be located together. 3. Identify facility map symbols. Common Responsibilities 1. Describe common mobilization responsibilities. 2. Describe common responsibilities at an incident. 3. List individual accountability responsibilities. 4. Describe common demobilization responsibilities. Course Summary Identify the course objectives. 2. Take the final exam.