9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency and Testing v4

Transcription

1 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding X-Ray Technician Competency and Testing v X-Ray Tech Competency and Testing V4.0 In This Section Corrective Action Program Course Objectives Introduction Radiographic Regulatory Standards Safety First PG&E Approved Contractor Status PG&E Audits

2 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 2 Corrective Action Program How to Submit an Issue: What is CAP? CAP enables employees and contractors to identify and report issues (failures, incidents, and nonconformities). The issues are assessed for risk, evaluated, and resulting corrective and preventive actions are tracked to completion. Why is CAP important? CAP utilizes employee experience and expertise to identify issues in the gas system. CAP ensures that the issues identified are addressed and allows us to learn from issues so we can prevent them from happening again. When do I submit an issue? CAP must be used to report issues associated with Gas Operations processes and procedures.

3 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 3 Course Objectives Upon completion of this course, you will be able to: Identify key State and Federal requirements as related to radiographic operations. Recognize Contractor responsibilities for transporting radioactive material per PG&E and Department of Transportation standards. Comply with all vehicular and shipping documentation requirements. Complete and apply radioactive materials warning labels correctly. Transport X-Ray tubes per PG&E requirements. Define ALARA. Adhere to labeling and maintenance specifications for radiography equipment.

4 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 4 Introduction PG&E Safety Pledge PG&E values emphasize the relationship between safety, operational excellence, and personal accountability. This online training course is intended to emphasize critical areas where PG&E holds the very highest expectations of its contractors, and requires your commitment to these expectations without exception or deviation. Topics focus on legal requirements dictated by Federal and State law, and the working practices that support PG&E s safety culture.

5 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 5 Radiographic Regulatory Standards All radiographic operations will be performed in strict accordance with Federal and State requirements. 10 CFR Part 20: Standards for Protection Against Radiation 10 CFR Part 34: Licenses for Industrial Radiography and Radiation Safety Requirements for Industrial Radiographic Operations California Code of Regulations: 17 CA ADC

6 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 6 Safety First SAFETY FIRST PG&E puts safety first. Horseplay or deliberate and dangerous acts will not be tolerated, particularly with regard to radiographic operations. Those who engage in misconduct will have their ability to work on PG&E contracts withdrawn. DELIBERATE MISCONDUCT PG&E defines "deliberate misconduct" in accordance with Title (a) (1) Deliberate Misconduct. This section refers to behavior or actions that: " causes or would have caused, if not detected, a user or applicant to be in violation of any rule, regulation, or order; or any term, condition, or limitation of any license issued by the Department." WHAT IS DELIBERATE MISCONDUCT? Deliberate misconduct by a person means an intentional act or omission that the person knows: Would cause a user or applicant to be in violation of any rule, regulation, or order, or any term, condition, or limitation, or any license or registration issued by the Department; or Constitutes a violation of a requirement, procedure, instruction, contract, purchase order, or policy of a user, applicant, contractor, or subcontractor.

7 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 7 PG&E Approved Contractor Status As a technician employed by an approved NDE Contractor, any non-compliances of the basic information contained in this course will be reviewed with your employer. Willful disregard of any of the associated information shall result in revocation of PG&E approved NDE technician status, which will not be renewed without personal and employer assurance that full compliance is expected. A second failing will result in the permanent removal of your approval to work on PG&E projects.

8 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 8 PG&E Audits To ensure compliance with all contract, legal and procedural requirements, PG&E makes unannounced site visits and shall make observations without first notifying technicians on the worksite. Audits shall be documented, and should any areas require discussions with the respective technicians, this will be completed via one-on-one coaching at the time of the observation. Should the shortfall be of sufficient concern that a Stop Work notice is issued to the Contractor, work may not recommence until the shortfall is addressed to the satisfaction of the Auditor. All results (good and bad) are shared with the employer.

9 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 9 Module 1: Transportation

10 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 10 Driver Requirements All drivers of vehicles entering a PG&E worksite must be fully licensed, and carry a State-issued, valid driver license in their name, as well as an insurance card for the vehicle being driven. Any driver not carrying a valid driver s license (or found to be driving with a revoked or suspended license) will have their employer notified, and will not be allowed to drive the vehicle they arrived in.

11 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 11 Department of Transportation Requirements and Public Safety The health and safety of the general public shall be maintained at all times. Radiography teams are expected to follow Department of Transportation (DOT) requirements for transportation of radioactive materials in all work, in every circumstance. DOT HAZARDOUS MATERIALS REGULATIONS The Department of Transportation regulations for transport of radiography sources are DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations, Parts 171 through 179 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations [49 CFR Parts ]. Your employer s procedure for transporting radiography sources is written to be in full compliance with Federal and State of California regulations. Contractors are expected to fully comply with employer transportation procedures, and to carry documentation indicating that they have completed the required Hazardous Materials DOT Training and Additional Security training.

12 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 12 DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations The Department of Transportation regulations for transport of radiography sources are DOT Hazardous Materials Regulations, Parts 171 through 179 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations [49 CFR Parts ]. Your employer s procedure for transporting radiography sources is written to be in full compliance with Federal and State of California regulations. Contractors are expected to fully comply with employer transportation procedures, and to carry documentation indicating that they have completed the required Hazardous Materials DOT Training and Additional Security training.

13 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 13 Radioactive Materials: Shipping Papers Radiographers have a legal responsibility to comply with the DOT, Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), and State regulations, as well as their employer s transportation procedures when shipping a radioactive source to, from, and across PG&E sites.

14 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 14 Required Documentation All Radiography teams must have a current copy of their Radioactive Materials license, Reciprocity Notification, or X-Ray machine registration available at the worksite. PG&E works with the State of California Department of Public Health, Radiological Health Branch, to ensure compliance with all State regulations. Contractors must have their employer s documented shipping papers at all times on the PG&E worksite.

15 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 15 Documentation must be legible, correctly completed, signed, and dated with the current date.

16 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 16 Warning Labels Packages containing radioactive materials shall be labeled on two opposite sides with warning labels. These labels depict what radioactive material is in the package, as well as the radiation dose rates near the package.

17 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 17 Radioactive Yellow II Labels Typically, Radiography sources come under the Yellow II labeling requirements: Radioactive Yellow II labels are used if the surface dose rate does not exceed 0.5 msv /h (50 mr/h) and the dose rate at 1 m (39.37 in.) (the transport index) does not exceed 0.01 msv /h (1 mr/h) - [49 CFR Section ]

18 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 18 Shipping Labels Shipping labels on both sides of shipping container (typical) in this location. PG&E requires that shipping labels be accurate for each day you are to arrive at the site.

19 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 19 Moving to and Around the Worksite Vehicles carrying Yellow III labeled packages must be placarded at all times when source is on board the vehicle. Yellow II labeled sources do not require placards unless specified in the employer OS&E manual. All radioactive sources are to be secured (in their overpack if applicable) in the locked vehicle, and secured by a secondary method (such as wire ties of chains) in the vehicle at all times when not in use.

20 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 20 Transporting X-Ray Tubes The requirements for transportation of X-Ray tubes is considerably less stringent than radioactive materials, as the X-Ray generator does not generate X-Rays unless it is connected to the power supply and activated by an operational key or isolation. However, the NDE Company and/or individual Technician should still take appropriate precautions for X-Ray generator safekeeping. At a minimum, X-Ray sets must carry warning labels. Operation keys shall be kept with the operator at all times. Never leave keys unattended in the vehicle carrying the X-Ray machine.

21 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 21 Module 2: Safe Work Practices

22 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 22 Radiography Team Radiography Teams shall consist of at least one Trainer and one Trainee or two Radiographers. All team members shall carry at all times: A valid State-issued, Driver's License or ID card. A valid Industrial Radiography Radiation Safety Personnel (IRRSP) or Stateissued Radiographer ID Card (or a copy of 40-hour class attendance certificate if no card is available). A valid PG&E Endorsement card. An IRRSP or State card is valid for the method of radiography (X-Ray, Gamma, or Combination).

23 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 23 Radiographer Documentation Level II Radiographers must have documentation including: 40-hour Radiography Technician (RT) Safety class. 80-hour Level II Radiography Class. 40-hour RT Safety class is not considered part of the documented 80 hours of RT II classroom time. Valid eye test certificate. Level II technicians must have a copy of their current NDE certifications available at the worksite (in electronic or hard copy).

24 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 24 Procedural Requirements All Radiography teams are expected to have the relevant NDE procedure available to them at the worksite (including the latest revision), and must follow this procedure without exception. Reporting will be on the PG&E-approved "Reader Sheet" report format.

25 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 25 Radiographer Safety Overview A 2012 Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) information notice included four events in which Radiographers did not follow the rules and, as a consequence, received an overexposure. PG&E values place the highest emphasis on compliance, safety and personal accountability, and will not condone any shortfall of these expectations. We welcome Radiographers with good track records of safety, ALARA principles, ethics and a willingness to work in full compliance with Federal and State requirements. Reference NRC for more information.

26 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 26 Extracts from NRC NRC INFORMATION NOTICE : RECENT RADIOGRAPHY EVENTS RESULTING IN EXPOSURES EXCEEDING REGULATORY LIMITS The NRC has received notification of four radiography event reports of radiography workers having received occupational whole body dose for the year. All events involved a QSA Global radiography camera, Model 880 Delta. The events are not mentioned in any particular order. The full report is available in the Course Resources tab.

27 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 27 Nuclear Regulatory Commission Summaries Event 1: Pasadena, Texas, March 2012 Source disconnect of a 65 Curies of Iridium 192. Radiographer working on a scaffold. Did not use a Survey Meter but thought source had been properly retracted. Disconnected the guide tube from the camera, and, with the guide tube around his neck, climbed down the scaffold ladder. Assistant Radiographer could not disconnect the crank from the camera, and thought that the camera locking mechanism was still unlocked. Radiation survey revealed very high radiation levels indicating that the source was still within the guide tube. Dose to Radiographer s body was above 5 rem. Event 2: February 2012 Radiographer working in a shooting bay with 37 Curies of Ir-192. The Radiographer entered the bay with a Survey Meter, but did not look at it. The Radiographer completed next shot set-up, left the shooting bay, attempted to crank the source out, but then discovered that the source was already cranked into the Collimator. Dose to Radiographer in excess of 5 rem. Event 3: North Central Pennsylvania, October Curies of Iridium 192 were used on a pipeline project. After retracting the source, the crew set up for their next shot. While placing the film on a weld, a Radiographer noticed that the locking mechanism on the camera had not popped up. No Survey Meter was used. The Radiographers confirmed that their Survey Meters read zero. However, one Radiographer s Alarming Ratemeter was chirping, although not very

28 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 28 loudly. The other Radiographer s Rate Alarm was silent. Pre-use Equipment Check? The Radiographers went to the crank assembly and were able to make approximately one turn to fully retract the source. Both Radiographers electronic dosimeters read off-scale, and processing of their Thermoluminescent dosimeters revealed whole body exposures of rem. Event 4: October 2011 A Radiographer was working in a trench with 50 Curies Iridium 192. Climbed a ladder to remove the source guide tube from the camera, which was suspended by a rope. The Radiographer did not have a survey meter with him. While the Radiographer was disconnecting the guide tube, another employee observed that the Radiographer's survey meter was reading high as the source was not in the shielded position. The Radiographer climbed down the ladder and cranked the source back into the camera. Calculated the dose to the Radiographer s hands to actually be 58.1 rem.

29 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 29 Lessons Learned In most overexposure events, a functioning survey and/or rate meter was available, but was not properly utilized in a preventive capacity. Contractors on PG&E projects must use a functioning survey meter. All personal equipment must be function-checked prior to use. Failure to comply with basic safety fundamentals will result in the removal of a Contractor s ability to work on PG&E projects.

30 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 30 Safe Work Practices As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA) All radiographic teams must adhere to the ALARA principles of time, distance and shielding, with the emphasis on distance and the use of the inverse square law.

31 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 31 What is ALARA? ALARA is an acronym for As Low As Reasonably Achievable. ALARA is a radiation safety principle for minimizing radiation doses and releases of radioactive materials by employing all reasonable methods. ALARA is not only a sound safety principle, but is a regulatory requirement for all radiation safety programs. ALARA is defined as " making every reasonable effort to maintain exposures to radiation as far below the dose limits specified in 10 CFR Part 20 as is practically consistent with the purpose for which the licensed activity is undertaken, taking into account the state of technology, the economics of improvements in relation to state of technology, the economics of improvements in relation to benefits to the public health and safety, and other societal and socioeconomic considerations, and in relation to utilization of nuclear energy and licensed materials in the public interest."

32 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 32 Controlled Area Barriers Physical Demarcation Radiation barriers are erected at the perimeter of the controlled area. Barriers must use yellow and magenta tape or rope, and must be affixed with warning signs in both English and Spanish. When used, warning cones must be yellow and magenta.

33 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 33 Barrier Survey: Best Practice Check the barrier dose rate each time you change locations. This is particularly important when working in aboveground exposures or in shallow trenches with the radiation beam pointing upwards.

34 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 34 You Make the Difference You are expected to perform radiography work safely, and to take all precautions to minimize your personal exposure and any dose to the general public. Selection of source activity, and the diameter and thickness of the materials play a great part in this process, as do safe working habits and care of the equipment.

35 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 35 Module 3: Radiography Equipment

36 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 36 Controlled Area Barriers All radiography equipment must be in good working order with all maintenance completed by a competent person or agency and records shall be available at the site. Technicians must perform daily inspections prior to use, or whenever there is a significant change of work location.

37 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 37 Radiation Equipment Use and Operation This short video is a reminder of all of the essential steps Radiographers working on PG&E sites must perform (with the exception of using the Cesium source to verify survey meter function). Failure to comply with these basic requirements will result in revocation of approval to work on PG&E projects.

38 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 38 Radiography Equipment Requirements Exposure equipment must be maintained as per Federal or State and manufacturer s requirements and whenever possible shall be maintained by the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM). Leak tests must be valid and available upon request for specific equipment at site. A minimum of one functioning, calibrated Survey Meter must be available. Although not a contract requirement, availability of two Survey Meters is preferred. Include required dosimetry for all Radiographers. Keep Quartz Fiber Electrometer (QFE) charger in the vehicle. Retain Lead sheet(s) or similar in case of emergency. Keep Radiology Safety Officer contact information available.

39 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 39 Radiation Survey Meters Radiation Survey Meters must be: In current calibration with calibration sticker affixed, and in good overall condition. Battery-checked prior to use. Satisfactorily completed a physical response check prior to use.

40 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 40 Alarming Ratemeters Alarming Ratemeters must be: In current calibration, with calibration sticker affixed. Have a unique serial number. Satisfactorily completed a battery check prior to use. Sentinel RadEye will satisfy the Alarming Ratemeter equivalence.

41 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 41 Quartz Fiber Dosimeter (QFD or QFE) Quartz Fiber Documentation must be: In current calibration, with calibration sticker affixed. A unique serial number. Re-charged before every shift, or where there is a significant change of worksite.

42 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 42 Sentinel RadEye Sentinel RadEye must be: In current calibration, with calibration sticker affixed. Have a unique serial number. Have satisfactorily completed a battery check prior to use. Note: Sentinel RadEye shall not be used as a Survey Meter. Sentinel RadEye cannot be used to replace both the QFD and the Alarming Ratemeter in California.

43 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 43 Performing Checks Before use, perform a daily check on the drive cable to isotope pigtail using an approved go/no go gage manufactured specifically for the type of pigtail/drive cable connector. Record the results on the Radiation Survey sheet for the specific worksite. Follow basic safety best practices by checking the pigtail and drive cable connector every time prior to use.

44 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 44 Moving Radiation Equipment At times it is necessary to change locations from one weld to the next, or when physically moving the source from one place to another. Always follow best practices for safely moving radiation equipment.

45 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 45 Source Relocation Requirements PG&E requires that: The drive cable assembly is disconnected from the source container. The delivery tube is disconnected. The transport plug is inserted. The pigtail cover is re-applied. Non-compliance with PG&E s requirements for source relocation will likely result in the crew in question being denied access to PG&E worksites.

46 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 46 Collimator Use It is mandatory to use a collimator at all times during any radioisotope exposure unless you are using the Small Controlled Area Radiography (SCAR) system, a crawler system, or J-tube.

47 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 47 Delivery Tube and Crank Assembly Care should be taken with the placement of the delivery tube.

48 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 48 Darkroom Please make sure that: Chemistry shall be kept fresh. Temperature must be held between 68 and 72 Fahrenheit Film development time: Minimum 4 minutes Maximum 5 minutes

49 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 49 Densitometer Densitometers must be calibrated and function-checked prior to use. Checks must be documented in a darkroom log book.

50 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 50 Film Viewer Film viewers must have documented output and provide adequate luminance to view films up to density 4.0. (Acceptable film density will be specified in the procedure.) Light output should be periodically verified using a white light meter.

51 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 51 Radiography Technician Information Radiography shall be fully compliant with the approved procedure, including: Lead letters and numbers on the film and component. Flash IDs, permanent marker ID/information is not permitted. Only Class 1 film shall be used. Only lead screens can be used; fluorometallic screens are not permitted.

52 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 52 Conclusion This concludes the NDE X-Ray Technician Competency Training and Testing online training course. Please remember that all approved NDE X-Ray technicians working on PG&E assets are to possess a PG&E assigned competency card. You should now understand PG&E s expectations for NDE Contractors, and be able to adhere to these expectations in the course of your regular work activities.

53 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 53 Course Objectives Now that you have completed this course, you will be able to: Identify key State and Federal requirements as related to radiographic operations. Recognize Contractor responsibilities for transporting radioactive material per PG&E and Department of Transportation standards. Comply with all vehicular and shipping documentation requirements. Complete and apply radioactive materials warning labels correctly. Transport X-Ray tubes per PG&E requirements. Define ALARA. Adhere to labeling and maintenance specifications for radiography equipment.

54 9.0 X-Ray Technician Competency v.4.0 PG&E Gas Construction Contractor Onboarding 54 End of Course Congratulations! You have reached the end of this course. Please use the Log Off button below to record course completion and to continue on to the course exam.