Pumps and compressors
|
|
- Edmund Payne
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Pumps and compressors
2 Pumps and compressors Sub-chapters 9.1. Positive-displacement pumps 9.2. Centrifugal pumps 9.3. Positive-displacement compressors 9.4. Rotary compressors 9.5. Compressor efficiency
3 In Chapters 4, 5, and 6, we have written energy balance equations which involve a dw a,o term (see Sec. 4.8 for a definition of dw a.o ). For steady-flow this term generally represents the action of a pump, fan, blower, compressor turbine, etc. This chapter discusses the fluid mechanics of the devices which actually perform that dw a,o
4 POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS Pumps work on liquid and compressors work on a gas. Most mechanical pumps are one of these: 1. Positive-displacement 2. Centrifugal 3. Special designs with characteristics intermediate between the two 4. In addition, there are nonmechanical pumps (i.e., electromagnetic, ion, diffusion,jet, etc.), which are not considered here.
5 Positive-displacement (PD) pumps work by allowing a fluid to flow into enclosed cavity from a low-pressure source, trapping the fluid, and then forcing it out into a high-pressure receiver by decreasing the volume of the cavity. Examples are the fuel and oil pumps on most automobiles, the pumps on most hydraulic systems, and the hearts of most animals. Figure 9.1 shows the cross-sectional view of a simple PD pump
6
7 The operating cycle of such a pump is as follows, starting with the piston at the top The piston starts downward, creating a slight vacuum in the cylinder. The pressure of the fluid in the inlet line is high enough relative to this vacuum to force open the left-hand valve, whose spring has been designed to let the valve open under this slight pressure difference. Fluid flows in during the entire downward movement of the piston.
8 The piston reaches the bottom of its stroke and starts upward. This raises the pressure in the cylinder > the pressure in the inlet line, so the inlet valve is pulled shut by its spring. When the pressure in the cylinder > the pressure in the outlet line, the outlet valve is forced open. The piston pushes the fluid out into the outlet line. The piston starts downward again; the spring closes the outlet valve, because the pressure in the cylinder has fallen, and the cycle begins again
9 Suppose that we test such a pump, using a pump test stand, as shown in Fig With the pump discharge pressure regulator (a control valve) we can regulate the discharge pressure and, using the bucket, scale, and clock, determine the flow rate corresponding to that pressure. For a given speed of the pump's motor, the results for various discharge pressures are shown in Fig 9.3.
10
11
12 From Fig. 9.3 we see that PD pumps are practically constant-volumetric flow-rate devices (at a fixed motor speed) and that they can generate large pressures. The danger that these large pressures will break something so severe that these pumps must always have some kind of safety valve to relieve the pressure if a line is accidentally blocked. For a perfect PD pump and an absolutely incompressible fluid, the volumetric flow rate equals the volume swept out per unit time by the piston, Volumetric flow rate = piston area x piston travel x cycles/time (9.1)
13 For an actual pump the flow rate will be slightly less because of various fluid leakages. If we write Bernoulli's equation (Eq. 5.7) from the inlet of this pump to the outlet and solve for the work input to the pump, we find 2 (9.2) dwa,o P V = + gz + + F dm ρ 2 The 1st term on the right represents the "useful" work done by the pump: increasing the pressure, elevation, or velocity of the The 2nd represents the "useless" work done in heating either the fluid or the surroundings.
14 The normal definition of pump efficiency is 2 (9.3) ( P/ gz V /2) useful work ρ+ + Pumpeff., η= = total work dw / dm This gives η in terms of a unit mass of fluid passing through the pump. It is often convenient to multiply the top and bottom of this equation by the mass flow rate, which makes the denominator exactly equal to the power supplied to the pump: a,0 ( 2 ) η= useful work m. P / gz V / 2 total work = & ρ+ + power sup plied (9.4)
15 Example 9.1. A pump is pumping 50gal/min of water from a pressure of 30psia to a pressure of 100psia. The changes in elevation and velocity are negligible. The motor which drives the pump is supplying 2.80 hp. What is the efficiency of the pump? The mass flow rate through the pump is 50gal lbm lbm kg m &=.8.33 = 417 = 189 min gal min min
16 so, from Eq. 9.4, lbm 100lbf / in 30lbf / in 144in hp.min min 62.3lbm/ ft ft 33,000ft.lbf η= = hp From this calculation we see that the numerator in Eq. 9.4 has the dimension of horsepower. This numerator is often referred to as the hydraulic horsepower of the pump.
17 η becomes equal to the hydraulic horsepower divided by the total horsepower supplied to the pump. For large PD pumps, η can be as high as 0.90; for small pumps it is less. One may show (Prob. 9.4) that for the pump in this example the energy which was converted to friction heating and thereby heated fluid would cause a negligible temperature rise. The same is not true of gas compressors, as discussed in Sec. 9.3.
18 If we connect our PD pump to a sump, as shown in Fig. 9.4, and start the motor, what will happen? A PD pump is generally operable as a vacuum pump. Therefore, the pump will create a vacuum in the inlet line which makes the fluid rise in the inlet line. If we write the head form of Bernoulli's equation, Eq. 5.11, between the free surface of the fluid (point 1) and the inside of the pump cylinder, there is no pump work over this section; so
19
20 2. P1 P2 V2 F (9.5) z2 z1 = h= ρg 2g g If, as shown in Fig. 9.4, the fluid tank is open to atmosphere, then P 1 = P atm. The maximum value of h possible corresponds to P 2 = 0. If there is no friction and the velocity at 2 is negligible, then. Patm h (9.6) max = ρg For water under normal P atm and T room, h max 34 ft = 10 m. This height is called the suction lift.
21 The actual suction lift < that shown Eq. 9.6 because There is always some line friction, some friction effect through the pump inlet valve, and some inlet velocity. The pressure on the liquid cannot be reduced to zero with causing the liquid to boil. All liquids have some finite vapor pressure. For water at room temperature, it is about 0.3 psia or 0.02 atm. If the pressure < 0.02 atm, the liquid will boil.
22 Example 9.2. We wish to pump 200 gal/ min of water at 150 o F from a sump. We have a PD pump which can reduce absolute pressure in its cylinder to 1 psia. We have an F/g (for the pipe only) of 4 ft. The friction effect in the valve may be considered the same as that of a sudden expansion (see Sec.5.5) with the inlet velocity equal to the fluid flow velocity through the valve, which is 10 ft/s. The atmospheric pressure at this location >= 14.5 psia. What is the maximum elevation above the water level in the sump at which we can place the pump inlet?
23 Answer The lowest pressure we can allow in the cylinder P is 3.72 psia, the vapor pressure of water at 150 o F. If the pressure < 3.72 psia, the water would boil, interrupting the flow. The density of water at 150 o F = 61.3 lbm/ft 3. Thus =19.8 ft = 6.04 m ( 10ft / s) lbf / in 3.7lbf / in 144in lbm.ft max h = ft 61.3lbm/ ft x32.2ft / sc ft lbf.s 2x32.2ft / s
24 CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS A centrifugal pump raises the pressure of a liquid by giving it a high kinetic energy and then converting that kinetic energy to injection work. (pressure) As shown in Fig it consists of an impeller (i.e., a wheel with blades) and some form of housing with a central inlet and a peripheral outlet. The fluid flows in the central inlet into the "eye" of the impeller (point 1), is spun outward by the rotating impeller, and flows out through the peripheral outlet (point 2).
25
26 To analyze such a pump on a very simplified basis, use Bernoulli's equation (Eq. 5.7) between the inlet pipe (point 1) and the outer tips of the impeller blades (point 2) The elevation change and V 1 negligible (<<V 2 ). We assume that the friction losses also are negligible. Although P 2 > P 1, this term is small compared with the change in kinetic energy 2 (9.7) V 2 dw = a,o 2 dm [ approximately]
27 This equation indicates that the pump work, which enters through the rotating shaft, principally increases the kinetic energy of the fluid as it flows across the impeller from the eye (point 1) to the tips of the blades (point 2). The tangential velocity at any point is tangential velocity = radius x angular velocity (9.8) The angular velocity (2π rpm) is constant for the whole impeller, but the radius from 0 at the eye to a significant value at the tip of the blades. Max tangential vel. = V 2
28 Use Bernoulli's equation from the tip of the blades (point 2) to the outlet pipe (point 3). The change in elevation is negligible, and friction is neglected. No work on the fluid between points 2 and 3. V 3 negligible (<<V 2 ). Thus 2 P3 P2 V2 approximately ρ = 2 [ ] (9.9) This equation indicates that the section of the pump from the tip of the rotor blades to the outlet pipe converts the kinetic energy of the fluid to increased pressure
29 Thus, the centrifugal pump may be considered a two-stage device: 1. The impeller increases the kinetic energy of the fluid at practically constant pressure (from points 1 to 2). 2. The diffuser converts this kinetic energy to increased pressure (from points 2 to 3). Equations 9.7 and 9.9 suggest that for a given pump size and speed, P/(ρg) should be constant. Figure 9.6 shows the results of such a test for a large, high-efficiency pump. As predicted by the simple model, for low flow rates, P/(ρg) f(flowrate)
30
31 Example 9.3. A typical centrifugal pump runs at 1800rpm (most electric motors have 1800rpm). If the fluid being pumped is water, what is the maximum pressure difference across the pump for impeller diameters of 1, 3, and 10 in? Using Eq9.9 2 For impeller 1 in ( ) 2 2 rω D ρv ρ P3 P2 = =ρ = 2πrpm lbm/ ft ft 1800 min lbf.s ft P P =. π min 3600s 32.2lbm.ft 144in
32 = 0.41 psi = 2.86 kpa For 3-in dia impeller 3in P3 P2 = 0.41psi = 3.7 psi 1in For 10-in dia impeller 10in P3 P2 = 0.41psi = 41psi 1in 2 2
33 This example illustrates the fact that centrifugal pumps supply small + P with small impellers and high + P with large impellers. When a large pressure rise is required, we can obtain it by hooking several centrifugal pumps in series (head to tail). The normal practice is to put several impellers on a common shaft and to design a casing so that the outlet from one impeller is fed through a diffuser directly to the inlet of the next impeller. This is particularly true of deep-well centrifugal irrigation pump.
34 The performance curve of a real pump, shown on Fig. 9.6, indicates some the limitations of our simple model: As the flow rate is large, the + P decreases, which is not predicted by the model. The model would indicate η = 100 % for all flow rates, whereas the actual η varies over a wide range, peaking near 90 % at the design operating range.
35 As in Example 9.3, we let the pump turn at 1800 rpm and have an impeller of 10-in diameter. If the pump is full of water, the pump has a P of +42 psi; so there is no problem with the suction lift. When we start the pump, the fluid around the impeller is air. Therefore, from Eq. 9.9 we find + P (V 2 is kept constant due to tip design) is 2 3 ρv2 ρair 0.75lbm / ft P P = = 41psi. = 41psi. = 0. 05psi 2 ρ 62.3lbm/ft w
36 If this pump is discharging into the atm and the sump is open to atm, then the pump, when full of air, can lift the water only a height of 2 2 P 0.05lbf / in 32.2lbm.ft 144in h = =.. = 0.1ft= 0.03m ρg 62.3lbm/ ft x32.2ft / s lbf.s ft To get a centrifugal pump going, one must replace the air in the system with liquid. This is called priming (Ind: mancing).
37 Centrifugal pumps are often used to pump boiling liquids, e.g., at the bottom of many distillation columns. Between inlet pipe (point 1) and the point on the blades of impeller where the pump starts to increase pressure (point 1a) 2. V1a (9.10) P = P ρ 1a 1 2 P 1a falls and boiling may occur. V 1a, P 1a In this case the pump must be located far enough below the boiling surface so that the + P due to gravity from the boiling surface to the pump eye > - P (point 1 to 1a).
38 This elevation is shown as h in Fig This distance required below the boiling surface is called the net positive suction head (NPSH).
39 The pressure in Fig. 9.8 is the pressure measured at the pump inlet. If there is significant frictional - P between the vessel and the pump, then h in Fig. 9.7 must be increased to overcome this additional - P.
40 Characteristic Normal flow rate Normal P/stage Variable held constant Self-priming Number of moving parts Outlet stream Work well on high-viscosity fluid Positive displaceme nt Low High Flowrate Yes Many Pulsing Yes Centrifugal High Low Pressure rise No Few Steady No
41 POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT COMPRESSORS A compressor has P outlet /P inlet >> 1. If P is small, the device is called a blower or fan. Blowers and fans work practically the way as centrifugal pumps, and their behavior can be readily predicted by equations developed for centrifugal pumps. To compress a gas to a final (absolute) pressure > 1.1 x its inlet pressure requires a compressor, and the change in density of the gas must be taken into account.
42 A PD compressor has the same general form as a PD pump. The operating sequence is the same as that described in Sec The differences are in the size and speed of the various parts. The pressure-volume history of the gas in the cylinder of such a compressor is shown in Fig Cycle: ABCD
43 The work of any single-piston process is given by. W= Fdx= PAdx= PdV (9.11) The work done by the compressor on the gas is the gross work done on the gas (under curve CDA) minus the work done by the gas on the piston as the flowed in (area under curve BC); thus, the net work is the area enclosed by curve ABCD. This is the work done on the gas. Compressors are often used to compress gases which can be reasonably well represented by the perfect-gas law PV= nrt.
44 If a compressor works slowly enough and has good cooling facilities, then the gas in the cylinder will be at practically a constant temp throughout the entire compression process. Then we may substitute nrt/p for V in Eq and integrate:. P2 P2 dp P2 W VdP nrt nrt ln isothermal P P P P 1 = = = (9.13) 1 1 [ ]
45 However, in most compressors the piston moves too rapidly for the gas to be cooled much by the cylinder walls. If so, the gas will undergo what is practically a reversible, adiabatic process, i.e., an isentropic process..pv k = P 1 V k 1 = constant [adiabatic] (9.14) Inserting this in Eq P ( k 1 )/k 2. nrt1k P 2 W = VdP 1 [ adiabatic]. = k 1 P P 1 (9.15) 1
46 Example 9.4. A 100 % efficient compressor is required to compress from 1 to 3 atm. The inlet temperature is 68 o F. Calculate the work pound-mole for an isothermal compressor and an adiabatic compressor. For an isothermal compressor, W P Btu Btu kj = = = = 2.6 n P lbmol. R lbmol 8 mol 2 o RTln R.ln o 1 For an adiabatic compressor W Btu o 1.4 ( 0.4/1.4 ) Btu kj = R o = = 3.15 n lbmol. R 0.4 lbmol mol
47 Equations 9.13 and 9.15 in Example 9.4 indicate that the required work for an adiabatic compressor is always > that for an isothermal compressor with the same inlet and outlet pressures. Therefore, it is advantageous to try to make real compressors as nearly isothermal as possible. One way to do this is to cool the cylinders of the compressor, and this is generally done with cooling jackets or cooling fins on compressors. Another way is by staging and intercooling; see Example 9.5
48 Example 9.5. Air is to be compressed from 1 to 10 atm. The inlet temp is 68 o F. What is the work per mole for (a) an isothermal compressor, (b) an adiabatic compressor, and (c) a two-stage adiabatic compressor in which the gas is compressed adiabatically to 3 atm, then cooled to 68 o F, and then compressed from 3 to 10 atm? For an isothermal compressor, W Btu o Btu kj = R.ln o = = 5.62 n lbmol. R lbmol mol
49 For an adiabatic compressor, W Btu o 1.4 ( 0.4/1.4 ) Btu kj = R o = = 7.96 n lbmol. R 0.4 lbmol mol For a two-stage adiabatic compressor, W Btu o / = R o + n lbmol. R =2862 Btu/lbmol=6.66 kj/mol. 0.4/1.4
50 This example illustrates the advantage of staging and intercooling. With an infinite number of stages with intercooling, an adiabatic compressor would have the same performance as an isothermal compressor (Prob. 9.21). Thus, the behavior of an isothermal compressor represents the best performance obtainable by staging. The optimum number of stages is found by an economic balance between the extra cost of each additional stage and the improved performance as the number of stages is increased. Large PD compressors typically have stage P out /P in of 3-5 and η of 75-85% (Sec. 9.5)
51 ROTARY COMPRESSORS The PD compressor has been a common industrial tool. But, it is a complicated, heavy, expensive, low-flow-rate device. The need to supercharge aircraft reciprocating engines and the development of turbojet gas-turbine engines demanded the development of lightweight, efficient, low-cost, high-flowrate compressors. The resulting compressors, which were developed for aircraft service, are now being applied industrially in high-capacity applications, for example, in ammonia plants.
52 The two types of compressor developed for aircraft engines are centrifugal and axialflow. The centrifugal compressor is a centrifugal pump with very high-speed (for example, 20,000rpm) and large-diameter rotor. To give high-pressure ratios, centrifugal compressors are normally staged with intercooling; the pressure rise per stage is small. Axial-flow compressors pass the gas between numerous rows of blades arranged in an annulus (Fig. 9.10). The gas is successively accelerated by a moving row of rotor blades and then slowed by a stator blade which converts the kinetic energy imparted by the rotor blades to pressure
53
54 The advantages of the axial-flow compressor over centrifugal compressors are the small cross-sectional area perpendicular to gas flow, which makes it easy to build into a streamlined airplane, and the lower velocities, which lead to lower friction losses and slightly higher η. Centrifugal and axial-flow compressors generally handle very large volume of gases in small equipment, so the heat transfer from the gases is negligible. Their performance is well described by the equations for adiabatic compressors (see Eq. 9.15).
55 Chap. 5 showed that for any steady-flow compressor in which changes in potential and kinetic energy are negligible. dw (4.40) dm a,o = h h + in out dq dm
56 . COMPRESSOR EFFICIENCIES η= work required for best possible device doing job work actually required by device (9.17) In the case of an adiabatic compressor, the best possible device is a reversible, adiabatic compressor for which the inlet and outlet entropies are the same. It is commonly called an isentropic compressor. work of isentropiccompressor η compressor = work of realcompressor (9.18)
57 Consider the steady-flow, adiabatic compressor shown in Fig The balance for this process (taking the compressor as the system and assuming that changes in kinetic and potential energies are negligible):. dw h (9.19) in h out h 1 h 2 dm = = the real compressor has a higher outlet entropy, temperature, and enthalpy than the outlet stream from a reversible compressor would (2s in Fig. 9.11).
58
59 Comparing the real compressor with a reversible one having the same outlet pressure. W h h η comp or pump = = W h h isentropic 2s 1 real 2 1 (9.20)
60 Example 9.6. An adiabatic compressor is compressing air from 20 o C and 1.4atm. The airflow rate is 100kg/h, and the power required to drive the compressor is 5.3 kw. What are the efficiency of the compressor and the temperature of the outlet air? What would the outlet air temperature be if the compressor were 100 percent efficient? Air may be assumed to be a perfect gas with C p = 29.3 J/(mol.K) and k = The work of an isentropic compressor doing the same job is given by Eq. 9.15:
61 .. dw K 813J 1.4 ( 0.4/1.4 ) J dm 29g / mol mol.k 0.4 g a.o = = & dw g J W h dm h g J.s 3600s a,o 5 Power = m = = 3.97kW kw η= = kW h Treal = = C p dw a,o C p / dm ( ) ( ) ( ) 5.3kW/ 100kg / h 3600s J T = real.. 189K 29.3J / mol.k. mol / 29g h W.s =
62 . For an isentropic compressor,. h dwa,o. = + = = 0 o o Tout 20 C 189K 209 C 408 F Tideal = = C p C p ( ) ( ) ( ) 3.97 kw / 100 kg / h 3600s J T = ideal.. 142K 29.3J / mol.k. mol / 29g h W.s = This example illustrates the fact that the effect of the compressor inefficiency is to raise the outlet temperature of the compressor
Pump Selection and Sizing (ENGINEERING DESIGN GUIDELINE)
Guidelines for Processing Plant Page : 1 of 64 Feb 2007 (ENGINEERING DESIGN GUIDELINE) Author: A L Ling Checked by: Karl Kolmetz TABLE OF CONTENT INTRODUCTION Scope 5 General Design Consideration Type
More informationME1251 THERMAL ENGINEERING UNIT IV AIR COMPRESSORS
ME1251 THERMAL ENGINEERING UNIT IV AIR COMPRESSORS UNIT-IV 4. 1 CONTENTS TECHNICAL TERMS 4.1 Classification of compressors 4.2 Positive Displacement compressors 4.2.1 Double acting compressor 4.2.2 Diaphragm
More informationQuiz #1 Thermodynamics Spring, 2018 Closed Book, Open Appendices, Closed Notes, CLOSED CALCULATORS
Quiz #1 Closed Book, Open Appendices, Closed Notes, CLOSED CALCULATORS An astronaut has a mass of 161 lbm on the surface of the earth. Calculate his weight (in lbf) on planet Rigel 4 where g = 20.0 ft/s
More informationA centrifugal pump consists of an impeller attached to and rotating with the shaft and a casing that encloses the impeller.
Centrifugal pump How centrifugal pumps work A centrifugal pump consists of an impeller attached to and rotating with the shaft and a casing that encloses the impeller. In centrifugal pump, liquid is forced
More informationCompressors. Basic Classification and design overview
Compressors Basic Classification and design overview What are compressors? Compressors are mechanical devices that compresses gases. It is widely used in industries and has various applications How they
More informationGLOSSARY OF TERMS. Adiabatic Compression Compression process when all heat of compression is retained in the gas being compressed.
GLOSSARY OF TERMS Absolute pressure Total pressure measured from absolute zero i.e. a perfect vacuum. As a practical matter, gauge pressure plus atmospheric pressure. Absolute temperature Temperature measured
More informationApplied Fluid Mechanics
Applied Fluid Mechanics 1. The Nature of Fluid and the Study of Fluid Mechanics 2. Viscosity of Fluid 3. Pressure Measurement 4. Forces Due to Static Fluid 5. Buoyancy and Stability 6. Flow of Fluid and
More informationCHAPTER 3 : AIR COMPRESSOR
CHAPTER 3 : AIR COMPRESSOR Robotic & Automation Department FACULTY OF MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING, UTeM Learning Objectives Identify types of compressors available Calculate air capacity rating of compressor
More informationThe Discussion of this exercise covers the following points: Pumps Basic operation of a liquid pump Types of liquid pumps The centrifugal pump.
Exercise 2-3 Centrifugal Pumps EXERCISE OBJECTIVE In this exercise, you will become familiar with the operation of a centrifugal pump and read its performance chart. You will also observe the effect that
More informationASSIGNMENT-1 HYDROPOWER PLANT
ASSIGNMENT-1 HYDROPOWER PLANT Theory 1. Give classification of hydro electric power plant. 2. Write advantages, disadvantages and application of hydro electric power plant. 3. Explain general layout and
More information(Refer Slide Time: 2:16)
Fluid Machines. Professor Sankar Kumar Som. Department Of Mechanical Engineering. Indian Institute Of Technology Kharagpur. Lecture-23. Diffuser and Cavitation. Good morning and welcome you all to this
More informationPump-Fan-Compressor Sizing
Pump-Fan-Compressor Sizing Introduction This program determines the fluid transportation characteristics of dominant pipeline process systems containing no loops. In addition, it determines the yearly
More informationCHAPTER-2 IMPACT OF JET
CHAPTER-2 IMPACT OF JET FLUID POWER ENGINEERING (2151903) 1. A jet of water of diameter 5cm moving with a velocity of 25 m/sec impinges on a fixed curved plate tangentially at one end at an angle of 30
More informationthen the work done is, if the force and the displacement are in opposite directions, then the work done is.
1. What is the formula for work? W= x 2. What are the 8 forms of energy? 3. Write the formula for the following: Kinetic Energy Potential Energy 4. If the force and the displacement are in the same direction,
More informationExercise 4-2. Centrifugal Pumps EXERCISE OBJECTIVE DISCUSSION OUTLINE DISCUSSION. Pumps
Exercise 4-2 Centrifugal Pumps EXERCISE OBJECTIVE Familiarize yourself with the basics of liquid pumps, specifically with the basics of centrifugal pumps. DISCUSSION OUTLINE The Discussion of this exercise
More informationCentrifugal Pump Intro
Pump ED 101 Joe Evans, Ph.D http://www.pumped101.com Centrifugal Pump Intro Part 1 - Elementary Mechanics & Hydraulics What is a Centrifugal Pump? It is a machine that imparts energy to a fluid causing
More informationKNOWN: Mass, pressure, temperature, and specific volume of water vapor.
.0 The specific volume of 5 kg of water vapor at.5 MPa, 440 o C is 0.60 m /kg. Determine (a) the volume, in m, occupied by the water vapor, (b) the amount of water vapor present, in gram moles, and (c)
More informationMATHEMATICAL MODELING OF PERFORMANCE OF A LIQUD PISTON COMPRESSOR
9. Pompa Vana Kompressör Kongresi 5-7 Mayıs 2016, İstanbul MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF PERFORMANCE OF A LIQUD PISTON COMPRESSOR Süleyman Doğan Öner Email: oner@ug.bilkent.edu.tr İbrahim Nasuh Yıldıran Email:
More informationFundamentals of Compressed Air Systems. Pre-Workshop Assignment
Page 1 In order to ensure that the Compressed Air Challenge Fundamentals of Compressed Air Systems Training is most useful to you, it will be important for you to bring information about your plant s compressed
More informationASSIGNMENT-1 HYDROPOWER PLANT
ASSIGNMENT-1 HYDROPOWER PLANT Theory 1. Give classification of hydro electric power plant. 2. Write advantages, disadvantages and application of hydro electric power plant. 3. Explain general layout and
More informationHW-1: Due by 5:00 pm EDT on Wednesday 13 June 2018 to GradeScope.
HW-1: Due by 5:00 pm EDT on Wednesday 13 June 2018 to GradeScope. The solar cell/solar panel shown above depict how a semiconductor can transform solar power into electrical power. Consider the solar panel
More informationChapter 9 Fluids and Buoyant Force
Chapter 9 Fluids and Buoyant Force In Physics, liquids and gases are collectively called fluids. 3/0/018 8:56 AM 1 Fluids and Buoyant Force Formula for Mass Density density mass volume m V water 1000 kg
More informationChapter 2 Pump Types and Performance Data
Chapter 2 Pump Types and Performance Data Abstract Centrifugal pumps are used for transporting liquids by raising a specified volume flow to a specified pressure level. Pump performance at a given rotor
More informationASSIGNMENT 2 CHE 3473
DUE: May 21 ASSIGNMENT 2 CHE 3473 #Problem 1 Read Chapter 3. ALL OF IT. Time yourself and report the time. #Problem 2: 3.2 #Problem 3: 3.3 #Problem 4: 3.5 #Problem 5: 3.6 #Problem 6: 3.7 #Problem 7: 3.8
More informationOffshore Equipment. Yutaek Seo
Offshore Equipment Yutaek Seo Flash Gas Compressor (East spar) Dehydration NGL recovery Slug catcher Separator Stabilization Booster compressor Gas export compression (Donghae-1 Platform) May 7 th Gas
More informationINDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE NPTEL NPTEL ONLINE CERTIFICATION COURSE. Refrigeration and Air-conditioning
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE NPTEL NPTEL ONLINE CERTIFICATION COURSE Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Lecture-07 Vapour Compression Cycle-1 with Prof. Ravi Kumar Department of Mechanical and
More information1. A pure substance has a specific volume of 0.08 L/mol at a pressure of 3 atm and 298 K. The substance is most likely:
Name: September 19, 2014 EXAM 1 P a g e 1 1. A pure substance has a specific volume of 0.08 L/mol at a pressure of 3 atm and 298 K. The substance is most likely: a. Liquid b. Gas c. Supercritical Fluid
More informationPHYS 101 Previous Exam Problems
PHYS 101 Previous Exam Problems CHAPTER 14 Fluids Fluids at rest pressure vs. depth Pascal s principle Archimedes s principle Buoynat forces Fluids in motion: Continuity & Bernoulli equations 1. How deep
More informationSelection of gas compressors: part 2
36 Compressors Selection of gas compressors: part 2 In this multipart series, Eduardo Larralde and Rafael Ocampo aim to provide a comprehensive survey of the current state of the art concerning gas Following
More informationASSIGNMENT 2 CHE 3473
DUE: May 23 ASSIGNMENT 2 CHE 3473 #Problem 1: 3.3 #Problem 2: 3.4 #Problem 3: 3.5 #Problem 4: 3.6 #Problem 5: 3.7 #Problem 6: 3.8 #Problem 7: 3.11 #Problem 8: 3.15 #Problem 9: 3.22 #Problem 10: 3.32 #Problem
More informationTUTORIAL. NPSHA for those who hate that stuffy word. by Jacques Chaurette p. eng. copyright 2006
TUTORIAL NPSHA for those who hate that stuffy word by Jacques Chaurette p. eng. www.lightmypump.com copyright 2006 page.2 NPSHA for those who hate that stuffy word This article follows the same approach
More informationCase 12 Multistage Centrifugal Refrigeration System Halocarbon Refrigerant
Case 12 Multistage Centrifugal Refrigeration System Halocarbon Refrigerant Copy Right By: Thomas T.S. Wan 温 ) April 15, 2011 All Rights Reserved Case Background: This case is to show how to achieve the
More informationENGINEERING FLUID MECHANICS
DEPARTMENT of MECHANICAL ENGINEERING FLUID MECHANICS Subject code: 10ME46B Faculty name: Naveen H E QUESTION BANK UNIT-1: FLUID PROPERTIES 1. Define the following: i) density, ii) weight density, iii)
More information1. The principle of fluid pressure that is used in hydraulic brakes or lifts is that:
University Physics (Prof. David Flory) Chapt_15 Thursday, November 15, 2007 Page 1 Name: Date: 1. The principle of fluid pressure that is used in hydraulic brakes or lifts is that: A) pressure is the same
More informationPlease welcome for any correction or misprint in the entire manuscript and your valuable suggestions kindly mail us
Problems of Practices Of Basic and Applied Thermodynamics First Law of Thermodynamics Prepared By Brij Bhooshan Asst. Professor B. S. A. College of Engg. And Technology Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, (India)
More informationUnit 24: Applications of Pneumatics and Hydraulics
Unit 24: Applications of Pneumatics and Hydraulics Unit code: J/601/1496 QCF level: 4 Credit value: 15 OUTCOME 2 TUTORIAL 11 AIR COMPRESSORS AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM The material needed for outcome 2 is
More informationPREVIEW COPY. Table of Contents. Basic Pumping Concepts...3. Maintaining Packing and Seals Lesson Three Maintaining Centrifugal Pumps...
Table of Contents Lesson One Lesson Two Basic Pumping Concepts...3 Maintaining Packing and Seals...19 Lesson Three Maintaining Centrifugal Pumps...37 Lesson Four Overhauling Centrifugal Pumps...53 Lesson
More informationHydrostatic pressure Consider a tank of fluid which contains a very thin plate of (neutrally buoyant) material with area A. This situation is shown in Figure below. If the plate is in equilibrium (it does
More informationApplication Worksheet
Application Worksheet All dimensions are nominal. Dimensions in [ ] are in millimeters. Service Conditions Medium Through Valve: Required C v : Temperature Maximum: Minimum: Normal: Flow Maximum: Minimum:
More information1. All fluids are: A. gases B. liquids C. gases or liquids D. non-metallic E. transparent ans: C
Chapter 14: FLUIDS 1 All fluids are: A gases B liquids C gases or liquids D non-metallic E transparent 2 Gases may be distinguished from other forms of matter by their: A lack of color B small atomic weights
More informationUNUSUAL ASPECTS OF PUMP SYSTEMS. Jacques Chaurette p. eng. ww.lightmypump.com July 2003
UNUSUAL ASPECTS OF PUMP SYSTEMS Jacques Chaurette p. eng. ww.lightmypump.com July 2003 There are many unusual aspects to pump systems. It is some of these aspects that make pump systems fascinating for
More informationPressure is defined as force per unit area. Any fluid can exert a force
Physics Notes Chapter 9 Fluid Mechanics Fluids Fluids are materials that flow, which include both liquids and gases. Liquids have a definite volume but gases do not. In our analysis of fluids it is necessary
More informationUnderstanding Lobe Blowers Roots Blowers. Article written by Technical Team of EVEREST GROUP
Understanding Lobe Blowers Roots Blowers Article written by Technical Team of EVEREST GROUP ompressors and Fans are essentially pumps for gases. Although they differ in construction from liquid handling
More informationProcess Nature of Process
AP Physics Free Response Practice Thermodynamics 1983B4. The pv-diagram above represents the states of an ideal gas during one cycle of operation of a reversible heat engine. The cycle consists of the
More informationConstant-Volume Process
Constant-Volume Process A constant-volume process is called an isochoric process. Consider the gas in a closed, rigid container. Warming the gas with a flame will raise its pressure without changing its
More informationENGG. THERMODYNAMICS
ENGG. THERMODYNAMICS Unit-1 [8 hrs] Introduction To Thermodynamics: Basic concepts of Thermodynamics, Closed & Open Systems, Forms of energy, Properties of a system, State and Equilibrium, Processes and
More informationPROCESS ROTATING EQUIPMENT (CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS )
PROCESS ROTATING EQUIPMENT ( ) Slide No: ١ Pumps can be divided into two main groups: Displacement pumps Dynamic pumps Slide No: ٢ Slide No: ٣ Slide No: ٤ Slide No: ٥ BASIC CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PARTS Casing
More informationS.A. Klein and G.F. Nellis Cambridge University Press, 2011
16-1 A flow nozzle is to be used to determine the mass flow rate of air through a 1.5 inch internal diameter pipe. The air in the line upstream of the meters is at 70 F and 95 psig. The barometric pressure
More informationNatural Gas Gathering
Natural Gas Gathering Course No: R04-002 Credit: 4 PDH Jim Piter, P.E. Continuing Education and Development, Inc. 9 Greyridge Farm Court Stony Point, NY 10980 P: (877) 322-5800 F: (877) 322-4774 info@cedengineering.com
More informationFundamentals of Turboexpanders Basic Theory and Design
Fundamentals of Turboexpanders Basic Theory and Design Edited Date: September 16, 2015 Presented By: Mr. James Simms Simms Machinery International, Inc. 2357 A Street Santa Maria, CA 93455 U.S.A. About
More informationNEW POLYTECHNIC, KOLHAPUR
Content: 3.1 Classification of air compressor - Construction and working of single stage and two stage reciprocating air compressors with P-V. diagram. Necessity of multistaging and inter cooling. Construction
More informationFlow Through Axial and Centrifugal Compressors by Kartik Sharma Mentors Prof. Gautam Biswas Prof. Subrata Sarkar
6 th Indo-German Winter Academy 2007 IIT Guwahati, India, December 13-19, 2007 Flow Through Axial and Centrifugal Compressors by Kartik Sharma Mentors Prof. Gautam Biswas Prof. Subrata Sarkar Outline of
More informationChapter 13 Gases, Vapors, Liquids, and Solids
Chapter 13 Gases, Vapors, Liquids, and Solids Property is meaning any measurable characteristic of a substance, such as pressure, volume, or temperature, or a characteristic that can be calculated or deduced,
More informationCHAPTER 3 AUTOMOTIVE AIR COMPRESSOR
30 CHAPTER 3 AUTOMOTIVE AIR COMPRESSOR 3.1 INTRODUCTION A machine providing air at a high pressure is called as an air compressor. Air compressors have been used in industry for well over 100 years because
More information3 1 PRESSURE. This is illustrated in Fig. 3 3.
P = 3 psi 66 FLUID MECHANICS 150 pounds A feet = 50 in P = 6 psi P = s W 150 lbf n = = 50 in = 3 psi A feet FIGURE 3 1 The normal stress (or pressure ) on the feet of a chubby person is much greater than
More informationEarlier Lecture. In the earlier lecture, we have seen Kapitza & Heylandt systems which are the modifications of the Claude System.
17 1 Earlier Lecture In the earlier lecture, we have seen Kapitza & Heylandt systems which are the modifications of the Claude System. Collins system is an extension of the Claude system to reach lower
More informationChapter 13 Fluids. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 13 Fluids Phases of Matter Density and Specific Gravity Pressure in Fluids Atmospheric Pressure and Gauge Pressure Pascal s Principle Units of Chapter 13 Measurement of Pressure; Gauges and the
More informationPump ED 101. Intro to Centrifugal Pumps. Joe Evans, Ph.D. Script for Power Point Presentation. Part 1 Elementary Mechanics & Hydraulics
Intro to Centrifugal Pumps Joe Evans, Ph.D Pump ED 101 Joe.Evans@Pentairwater.com http://www.pumped101.com Script for Power Point Presentation Part 1 Elementary Mechanics & Hydraulics Slide 1 Introduction
More informationJune By The Numbers. Compressor Performance 1 PROPRIETARY
June 15 2016 By The Numbers Compressor Performance 1 PROPRIETARY Compressor Performance Report Without an accurate TDC, the report information has no value! 2 PROPRIETARY Compressor Performance Report
More informationDean Pump Self-Priming Chemical Process Pumps
Bulletin C 1.2.34.7 Dean Pump Self-Priming Chemical Process Pumps php Series HEAD CAPACITY RANGE CHARTS php Self Primer - 2 Pole 3500 RPM 500 CAPACITY M 3 /HR 2900 RPM 50 HERTZ 25 50 75 125 150 400 TOTAL
More informationA B isothermal compression at a temperature of 300 K. The work done on the air is 104 J.
Q1. In an ideal hot air engine, a fixed mass of air is continuously taken through the following four processes: A B isothermal compression at a temperature of 300 K. The work done on the air is 104 J.
More informationIntroduction to Pumps
Introduction to Pumps 1 Introduction to Pumps 1.0 INTRODUCTION There are many different types of pump now available for use in pumped fluid systems. A knowledge of these pump types and their performance
More informationTHE INNER WORKINGS OF A SIPHON Jacques Chaurette p. eng. January 2003
THE INNER WORKINGS OF A SIPHON Jacques Chaurette p. eng. www.lightmypump.com January 2003 Synopsis The objective of this article is to explain how a siphon works. The difference between low pressure, atmospheric
More informationOld-Exam.Questions-Ch-14 T072 T071
Old-Exam.Questions-Ch-14 T072 Q23. Water is pumped out of a swimming pool at a speed of 5.0 m/s through a uniform hose of radius 1.0 cm. Find the mass of water pumped out of the pool in one minute. (Density
More informationFluid Mechanics. Liquids and gases have the ability to flow They are called fluids There are a variety of LAWS that fluids obey
Fluid Mechanics Fluid Mechanics Liquids and gases have the ability to flow They are called fluids There are a variety of LAWS that fluids obey Density Regardless of form (solid, liquid, gas) we can define
More informationFDE 211 Material & Energy Balances. Instructor: Dr. Ilgin Paker Yikici Fall 2015
FDE 211 Material & Energy Balances Instructor: Dr. Ilgin Paker Yikici Fall 2015 Material& Energy Balances first step in understanding a process leads to a better understanding of a process forces the engineer
More informationCERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY IN THE MERCHANT NAVY MARINE ENGINEER OFFICER
CERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY IN THE MERCHANT NAVY MARINE ENGINEER OFFICER EXAMINATIONS ADMINISTERED BY THE SCOTTISH QUALIFICATIONS AUTHORITY ON BEHALF OF THE MARITIME AND COASTGUARD AGENCY STCW 95 CHIEF
More informationChapter 13 Fluids. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 13 Fluids Phases of Matter Density and Specific Gravity Pressure in Fluids Atmospheric Pressure and Gauge Pressure Pascal s Principle Units of Chapter 13 Measurement of Pressure; Gauges and the
More informationINTRODUCTION 1.0 GENERAL
1 Chapter INTRODUCTION 1.0 GENERAL Blower is an important class of fluid machine, which has characteristics of transfer of energy between continuous stream of fluid & an element rotating about a fixed
More informationLECTURE 20 FLOW CONTROL VAVLES SELF EVALUATION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LECTURE 20 FLOW CONTROL VAVLES SELF EVALUATION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 1: A cylinder has to exert a forward thrust of 150 kn and a reverse thrust of 15 kn. The effects of using various methods of regulating
More informationThis portion of the piping tutorial covers control valve sizing, control valves, and the use of nodes.
Piping Tutorial A piping network represents the flow of fluids through several pieces of equipment. If sufficient variables (flow rate and pressure) are specified on the piping network, CHEMCAD calculates
More informationProper Pump Installation Practices
Proper Pump Installation Practices 80-779, Rev. 10/08 There is a Reason Every Unit Comes With This Bright Orange Tag! Proper Alignment and Coupling Installation Do Not Drive Coupling Onto Shaft Pump Alignment
More informationGAS MIXTURES. Department of Mechanical Engineering
Chapter 13 GAS MIXTURES Dr Ali Jawarneh Department of Mechanical Engineering Hashemite University it 2 Objectives Develop rules for determining nonreacting gas mixture properties from knowledge of mixture
More informationChapter 3: Fluid Statics. 3-1 Pressure 3-2 Fluid Statics 3-3 Buoyancy and Stability 3-4 Rigid-Body Motion
3-1 Pressure 3-2 Fluid Statics 3-3 Buoyancy and Stability 3-4 Rigid-Body Motion Chapter 3 Fluid Statics 3-1 Pressure (1) Pressure is defined as a normal force exerted by a fluid per unit area. Units of
More informationTo plot the following performance characteristics; A pump is a device, which lifts water from a lower level to a higher
LABORATORY MANUAL ON RECIPROCATING PUMP TEST RIG Prepared By Prof. (Dr.) M. K. Roul Professor and Principal Department of Mechanical Engineering Gandhi Institute for Technological Advancement (GITA), Bhubaneswar-752054
More informationCOURSE NUMBER: ME 321 Fluid Mechanics I Fluid statics. Course teacher Dr. M. Mahbubur Razzaque Professor Department of Mechanical Engineering BUET
COURSE NUMBER: ME 321 Fluid Mechanics I Fluid statics Course teacher Dr. M. Mahbubur Razzaque Professor Department of Mechanical Engineering BUET 1 Fluid statics Fluid statics is the study of fluids in
More informationPHYSICS - CLUTCH CH 17: FLUID MECHANICS.
!! www.clutchprep.com INTRO TO DENSITY LIQUIDS and GASES are types of. So we use the term to refer generally to both Liquids AND Gases. The DENSITY of a material is a measure of how tight the molecules
More informationThe University of Hong Kong Department of Physics Experimental Physics Laboratory
The University of Hong Kong Department of Physics Experimental Physics Laboratory PHYS2260 Heat and Waves 2260-1 LABORATORY MANUAL Experiment 1: Adiabatic Gas Law Part A. Ideal Gas Law Equipment Required:
More informationPerformance Testing of a High Capacity Compressor for a 20K 20W Cryocooler
#93 1 Performance Testing of a High Capacity Compressor for a 20K 20W Cryocooler K. Cragin, D. Deserranno, M. Zagarola Creare LLC Hanover, NH 03755 ABSTRACT Creare is currently developing for NASA a high
More informationLOW PRESSURE EFFUSION OF GASES revised by Igor Bolotin 03/05/12
LOW PRESSURE EFFUSION OF GASES revised by Igor Bolotin 03/05/ This experiment will introduce you to the kinetic properties of low-pressure gases. You will make observations on the rates with which selected
More informationTradition & Technology
Gaterotor Support Gaterotor Single Screw Compressors Design & Operation Bearing Bearings Main Screw Parallex Slide System The VSM Single Screw Compressor has one main rotor and two gaterotors. All bearings
More informationAssumptions 1 At specified conditions, air behaves as an ideal gas. 2 The volume of the tire remains constant.
PTT 04/ Applied Fluid Mechanics Sem, Session015/016 ASSIGNMENT 1 CHAPTER AND CHAPTER 1. The air in an automobile tire with a volume of 0.0740 m is at 0 C and 140 kpa. Determine the amount of air that must
More informationEXAM # 2. First Name Last Name CIRCLE YOUR LECTURE BELOW: INSTRUCTIONS
CIRCLE YOUR LECTURE BELOW: First Name Last Name Div. 1 08:30 am Prof. Chen Div. 2 11:30 am Prof. Braun EXAM # 2 INSTRUCTIONS 1. This is a closed book examination. You are allowed to have two single sheets
More informationComments on Homework. Quiz. Class 3 - Pressure. Atmospheric Pressure. 2. Gauge vs. Absolute Pressure. 1. Definitions. Temperature conversion
Comments on Homework Quiz Temperature conversion T ( R) = T (K) 1.8 T ( C) = T(K) - 273.15 T ( F) = T( R) - 460 However, difference in temperature is: T ( C) = T (K) T ( F) = T ( R) T ( R) = 1.8 T ( C)
More informationOPTIMIZATION OF SINGLE STAGE AXIAL FLOW COMPRESSOR FOR DIFFERENT ROTATIONAL SPEED USING CFD
http:// OPTIMIZATION OF SINGLE STAGE AXIAL FLOW COMPRESSOR FOR DIFFERENT ROTATIONAL SPEED USING CFD Anand Kumar S malipatil 1, Anantharaja M.H 2 1,2 Department of Thermal Power Engineering, VTU-RO Gulbarga,
More informationVapor Recovery from Condensate Storage Tanks Using Gas Ejector Technology Palash K. Saha 1 and Mahbubur Rahman 2
37 Journal of Chemical Engineering, IEB Vapor Recovery from Condensate Storage Tanks Using Gas Ejector Technology Palash K. Saha 1 and Mahbubur Rahman 2 Abstract 1 Bibyana Gas Field 2 Department of Petroleum
More informationStatic Fluids. **All simulations and videos required for this package can be found on my website, here:
DP Physics HL Static Fluids **All simulations and videos required for this package can be found on my website, here: http://ismackinsey.weebly.com/fluids-hl.html Fluids are substances that can flow, so
More informationS-CO 2 Brayton Recompression Loop Design and Control
S-CO 2 Brayton Recompression Loop Design and Control 1) Background 2) Recommended Design Features 3) Modeling Strategy IST Model Changes Transient Results Prepared by: Mike Hexemer Advanced Concepts Knolls
More informationWrite important assumptions used in derivation of Bernoulli s equation. Apart from an airplane wing, give an example based on Bernoulli s principle
HW#3 Sum07 #1. Answer in 4 to 5 lines in the space provided for each question: (a) A tank partially filled with water has a balloon well below the free surface and anchored to the bottom by a string. The
More informationCourse Teacher: Prof. Dr. M. R. Kabir SPILLWAY & IRRIGATION PUMPS. Spillway:
Spillway: CHAPTER 10 The spillways are openings provided at the body of the dam to discharge safely the excess water or flood water when the water level rises above the normal pool level. Necessity of
More informationGas Turbine Performance Analysis
Gas Turbine Performance Analysis Gas turbines may seem too complicated or overwhelming at first glance, but for regular field monitoring on a relative basis, it is not all that difficult. A regular check
More informationSimplicity in VRU by using a Beam Gas Compressor
Simplicity in VRU by using a Beam Gas Compressor By Charlie D. McCoy and Mark Lancaster Abstract: Vapor Recovery Units are often expensive, complicated to operate and unable to deal with High H2S and liquids.
More informationComments on Homework. Class 4 - Pressure. Atmospheric Pressure. Gauge vs. Absolute Pressure. 2. Gauge vs. Absolute Pressure. 1.
Class 4 - Pressure 1. Definitions 2. Gauge Pressure 3. Pressure and Height of Liquid Column (Head) 4. Pressure Measurement and Manometers Please don t forget the special problem for the next HW assignment
More informationLAB 13: FLUIDS OBJECTIVES
217 Name Date Partners LAB 13: FLUIDS Fluids are an important part of our body OBJECTIVES OVERVIEW Fluid Properties To learn how some fundamental physical principles apply to fluids. To understand the
More informationAn Impeller Blade Analysis of Centrifugal Gas Compressor Using CFD
An Impeller Blade Analysis of Centrifugal Gas Compressor Using CFD Vivek V. Kulkarni Department of Mechanical Engineering KLS Gogte Institute of Technology, Belagavi, Karnataka Dr. Anil T.R. Department
More informationIrrigation &Hydraulics Department lb / ft to kg/lit.
CAIRO UNIVERSITY FLUID MECHANICS Faculty of Engineering nd Year CIVIL ENG. Irrigation &Hydraulics Department 010-011 1. FLUID PROPERTIES 1. Identify the dimensions and units for the following engineering
More informationCRYOGENICS LIQUID NITROGEN AS A NON- POLLUTING FUEL
CRYOGENICS LIQUID NITROGEN AS A NON- POLLUTING FUEL 1 INTRODUCTION: In 1997, the University of North Texas (UNT) and University of Washington (UW) independently developed liquid nitrogen powered vehicles
More informationCompressors and Expanders
SECTION 13 Compressors and Expanders Compressors Depending on application, compressors are manufactured as positive-displacement, dynamic, or thermal type (Fig. 13-2). Positive displacement types fall
More informationPump Primer 1 CEU Training Course $ Plus Tax 48 HOUR RUSH ORDER PROCESSING FEE ADDITIONAL $50.00
Registration form Pump Primer 1 CEU Training Course $100.00 Plus Tax 48 HOUR RUSH ORDER PROCESSING FEE ADDITIONAL $50.00 Start and Finish Dates: You will have 90 days from this date in order to complete
More informationVariable Displacement Double Pump A20VO. Series 1, for open circuits Axial piston - swashplate design, Back to back - design
Brueninghaus Hydromatik Series 1, for open circuits Axial piston - swashplate design, Back to back - design RE 93100/02.97 Sizes 60...260 Nominal Pressure up to 350 bar Peak Pressure up to 400 bar Preliminary
More information