What is Pressure? Residential Pressure Measurement

Transcription

1

2 What you will learn What is pressure? The importance of pressure in houses Get to know your pressure gauge Using a digital pressure gauge Pressure gauge tests on houses Pressure gauge troubleshooting

3 What is Pressure? Residential Pressure Measurement

4 What is Pressure?

5 There are two types of pressure that can be measure on a digital gauge.

6 Measure indoor/outdoor bias pressures caused by: Stack effects & Wind effects To outside -1.0Pa

7 Bias due to wind and stack Bias pressures under windy conditions

8 Press [Time Avg], until test pressure varies less than 1Pa. Stabilizes readings Wait for 2X time average period before taking a reading.

9 Testing in windy weather Use Pressure] key (if available) Increase Time Average to minimize fluctuation Wait at least double the time averaging period before taking a reading Shelter outdoor tube T equal lengths together Move outdoor tube 15 feet from building Cover tube ends with towel

10 Use a wind dampening kit

11 What does taking a baseline do? Take a baseline to negate the effects of bias pressure and wind fluctuations.

12 The measure baseline is automatically subtracted from the displayed readings. 1. Press [Baseline] once. 2. Press [Start] once 3.Wait until number is steady then press [ENTER] once to save. BASE LINE

13 The measured baseline is subtracted from the pressure reading on Channel PrA. 1. Press [Baseline] once 2. Press [Enter] after about 60 seconds.

14 Clearing the Baseline feature on both gauges Learn when and how the baseline is cleared from each gauge. Leaving the baseline on, or forgetting that it s off can cause errors during testing.

15 Pressure gauge Troubleshooting Residential Pressure Measurement

16 Avoid Problems

17 Gauge field check Insert a T in the tube and connect it to one reference port. Connect the other reference port as shown. Increase the fan speed and compare Channel A and Channel B. Values should be within 1% of each other. Remove the tubes from the two reference ports and attach to the two input ports. Repeat the test.

18 Learn to perform a calibration check on a digital gauge. It s a quick and simple way to verify that the gauge is working correctly.

19 Cross Port Check Pa 35.6 Pa Pa Pa Pa 35.6 Pa

20 Move tubes around and notice the effect A moving tube can generate pressure in the tube. Do not allow tubes to hang in the path of moving air. To outside 8.0Pa

21

22 Time averaging can lead to false results if the time averaging period is not taken into account when measurements are being taken. Always wait twice (2X) the time averaging period before taking a reading.

23 Pinched tubes Pinching or squishing a tube causes the measured pressure to increase

24 Water in tubes = massive errors Water trapped in tube compresses air in the tube, even with autozero turned ON. Shake out the water to clear the pressure. A single water drop can block air pressure readings.

25 What can cause problems with measurements?

26 What happens? Selecting the wrong Flow Range, or wrong device can lead to incorrect results.

27 Some common problems are frequently seen when taking multi-point tests.

28 Introduction Residential Duct Leakage Measurement rev

29 Image Courtesy of The Energy Conservatory Image Courtesy of Retrotec Inc

30 Flex duct Flex duct Calibrated Fan Image Courtesy of The Energy Conservatory Flex duct flange Image Courtesy of Retrotec Inc

31 Image Courtesy of Retrotec Inc A DucTester system includes: DU-220 Fan with 3 flow rings + case 12 Flex-duct DM-2A Digital Manometer + bag Static pressure probe 20 umbilical Quick Guides 12 roll of Grill Mask Image Courtesy of Retrotec Inc

32 Duct Blaster includes: Duct Blaster fan with 3 flow rings + case DG-700 Digital Pressure and Flow Gauge 12 flex duct Duct Blaster Training video and manual Static pressure probe Sample roll of 8 DuctMask Image Courtesy of The Energy Conservatory

33 Minneapolis Duct Blaster Image Courtesy of The Energy Conservatory Retrotec DucTester Open Ring 1 (A1) cfm cfm Ring 2 (B2) cfm Ring 3 (C3 on gauge) cfm Low Mid Open 5-25 cfm cfm cfm Image Courtesy of Retrotec Inc

34 Residential Duct Leakage Measurement 5 step, Total duct Pressurization test

35 5 step, Total duct Pressurization test 1. Connect to ducts 2. Prepare ducts and house 3. Connect gauge & fan (pressurization) 4. Measuring 5. No results displayed

36 Duct testing guides

37 Step 1: Connect to ducts Image Courtesy of Retrotec Inc Image Courtesy of The Energy Conservatory Image Courtesy of Retrotec Inc Image Courtesy of The Energy Conservatory Image Courtesy of The Energy Conservatory

38

39 Images Courtesy of The Energy Conservatory

40 Step 2: Prepare ducts and house Image Courtesy of Retrotec Inc

41

42

43

44 25 Pa 90 cfm

45 Image Courtesy of Retrotec Inc

46

47 Fan Pressure Tap Image Courtesy of The Energy Conservatory Electrical Connection

48

49

50 Turn the gauge On Press: ON/ OFF Press: x2 Press: x3 x3 x2 After being set up once, the gauge will return to the previous settings.

51 Manually adjust fan speed Image Courtesy of The Energy Conservatory Image Courtesy of Retrotec Inc

52 Open Mid

53

54 Minneapolis Duct Blaster Open Ring 1 (A1) CFM CFM Ring 2 (B2) CFM Ring 3 (C3) CFM Retrotec DucTester Open Mid Low CFM CFM 5-25 CFM

55 Image courtesy of The Energy Conservatory -25 Pa 90 cfm Image courtesy of Retrotec Inc Image Courtesy of Retrotec Inc

56 Troubleshooting Not able to reach target pressure Check covers on all registers Tape may be being blown off during pressurization Duct system just too leaky to test accurately Change reference tube location (closer to air handler)

57 Connect the red and yellow ports. Both channels should have same reading within 1%.

58 Image Courtesy of Retrotec Inc

59 Pressurization leakage to outdoors Residential Duct Leakage Measurement

60 Image Courtesy of Retrotec Inc

61

62 Duct leakage to outdoors setup After completing the total duct leakage test, a duct leakage to the outdoors test can be completed by adding a door fan to the test setup.

63 Pressurization to outdoors 0 Pa 25 Pa 40 cfm Image Courtesy of Retrotec Inc 25 Pa 25 Pa 40 cfm

64 Duct leakage to outdoors test The duct leakage to the outdoors test neutralizes air leakage between the duct and interior of the house, by maintaining a zero pressure difference between the two. The leaks measured on the gauge connected to the duct fan is leakage to the outdoors only.

65 Pressurization to outdoors Single gauge 25Pa 25 Pa 25 Pa 40 cfm 100 cfm 40 cfm Image Courtesy of Retrotec Inc

66 Leak location Residential Duct Leakage Measurement

67 Duct Simulator setup Setup the duct simulator with leakage to the house and to the outdoors (with the house simulator tent). Build your own simulator out of a cardboard box with a hole of a known size

68 Large Building Testing Developed by Retrotec Inc.

69 Guiness World Record 15,000,000 cubic feet

70

71 average 0.62 Year of Year of Air-barrier Number of Floor Enclosure Construction retrofit? Stories Area Area Tested Permeablity ft2 ft ,882 76, ,882 76, ,882 76,

72 USACE test of 300 buildings 0.17 Year of Year of Air-barrier Number of Floor Enclosure Construction retrofit? Stories Area Area Tested Permeablity ft2 ft average 0.17

73 Acceptable air leakage? For a 4 story building, 120 x 110 x 8 ft, n=0.65 CFM75/ ft 2 USA ASHRAE 90.1 Leaky 0.60 USA Washington State 0.40 cfm/ ft 2 at 75Pa 0.40 UK TS-1Commercial Best Practice 5 m 3 /h/m 2 at 50 Pa 0.36 USA CDA LEED 1.25 in 2 4 Pa/100 ft USA ASHRAE 90.1 Average 0.30 USA USACE cfm/ ft 2 at 75Pa 0.25 USA USACE cfm/ ft 2 at 75Pa 0.15 Looser Tighter UK TS-1Commercial Tight 2 m 3 /h/m 2 at 50 Pa 0.14 CDA R in 2 Pa /100 ft USA ASHRAE 90.1 Tight 0.10

74 Real life test: EMAD Antwerp, Belgium Envelope Area = 11,250 m CFM/ft 75Pa 8.22 m 3 /h/m 2

75 Real life test: BTC South Carolina, USA Envelope A = 136,820ft CFM/ft 75Pa 1.5 m 3 /h/m 2

76 Real life test: Retrotec Vancouver, Canada Envelope Area = 25,000 ft CFM/ft 75Pa 7.3 m 3 /h/m 2

77 Face page and graphs for MFT

78

79 Estimating how many fans you need

80 Calculation based on a desired leakage requirement

81 Calculation using Retrotec s Number of Fan Calculator Spreadsheet

82 Test Scenarios ( Individual Control with FanTestic) Developed by Retrotec Inc.

83 FanTestic software

84 Problem 1 One Zone: Testing a single-zone enclosure requiring multiple fans.

85 Solution One Zone: Testing a single-zone enclosure requiring multiple fans.

86 Problem 2 Multiple Zones: Testing multiple zones requiring one fan on each separate zone. (These zones can be adjacent rooms or separated floors)

87 Solution Multiple Zones: Testing multiple zones requiring one fan on each separate zone. (These zones can be adjacent rooms or separated floors)

88 Problem 3A Multiple Zones: Testing multiple zones requiring multiple fans on each separate zone. (These zones can be adjacent rooms or separated floors)

89 Problem 3B Multiple Zones: Testing multiple zones requiring multiple fans on each separate zone. (These zones can be adjacent rooms or separated floors)

90 Solution Multiple Zones: Testing multiple zones requiring multiple fans on each separate zone. (These zones can be adjacent rooms or separated floors)

91 Connections that work best (Control cables) Developed by Retrotec Inc.

92

93

94 Large Building Testing Exercises Developed by Retrotec Inc.

95 Exercise 1 Imbalanced test fan flow caused by individual set points Developed by Retrotec Inc. Click to play video

96 Control Cable Control Cable Exercise 1 Imbalanced test fan flow caused by individual set points Red tubes attached with T-connecters

97 Exercise 1 Imbalanced test fan flow caused by individual set points 1. What is the difference between the two Door Fan speeds? (Pick the closest answer) 2%, 10%, 40% X, 80%. 2. What is the total leakage area? (Pick the closest answer) 10 in 2, 50 in 2 X, 100 in 2, 200 in 2. Developed by Retrotec Inc.

98 Exercise 2 Imbalanced test fan flow Solution : common set point Developed by Retrotec Inc. Click to play video

99 Control Cable Exercise 2 Imbalanced test fan flow caused by individual set points Only 1 gauge controls the speed of both fans

100 Exercise 2 Imbalanced test fan flow Solution : common set point 1. What is the total leakage area (EqLA)? (Pick the closest answer) 10 in 2, 20 in 2, 40 in 2 X, 60 in 2. Developed by Retrotec Inc.

101 Exercise 3 Uneven building test pressures between floors caused by common set point Developed by Retrotec Inc. Click to play video

102 Exercise 3 Uneven building test pressures between floors caused by common set point Only 1 gauge controls the speed of both fans Developed by Retrotec Inc.

103 Exercise 3 Uneven building test pressures between floors caused by common set point 1. What is the pressure of the right Simulator Tent? (Pick the closest answer) 10 Pa, 25 Pa, 50 Pa X, 100 Pa. 2. What is the pressure of the left Simulator Tent? (Pick the closest answer) 10 Pa, 25 Pa X, 50 Pa, 100 Pa. Developed by Retrotec Inc.

104 Exercise 4 Uneven building test pressures between floors Solution: individual set points Developed by Retrotec Inc. Click to play video

105 Exercise 4 Uneven building test pressures between floors Solution: individual set points Developed by Retrotec Inc.

106 Exercise 4 Uneven building test pressures between floors Solution: individual set points 1. What is the flow through the left Simulator Tent? (Pick the closest answer) 20 CFM, 120 CFM, 220 CFM, 320 CFM X. 1. What is the flow through the right Simulator Tent? (Pick the closest answer) 20CFM, 120 CFM X, 220 CFM, 320 CFM. Developed by Retrotec Inc.

107 Exercise 5 Uneven building test pressures between floors Solution: individual set point with manual control Developed by Retrotec Inc. Click to play video

108 Exercise 5 Uneven building test pressures between floors Solution: individual set point with manual control Developed by Retrotec Inc.

109 Exercise 5 Uneven building test pressures between floors Solution: individual set point with manual control 1. What is the flow through the left Simulator Tent? (Pick the closest answer) 20 CFM, 120 CFM, 220 CFM, 320 CFM X. 2. What is the flow through the right Simulator Tent? (Pick the closest answer) 20CFM, 120 CFM X, 220 CFM, 320 CFM. Developed by Retrotec Inc.