Modelling Today for the Future. Advanced Modelling Control Techniques

Transcription

1 CwMAG 1 st Autumn Conference 2012 Modelling Today for the Future Advanced Modelling Control Techniques

2 What are advanced modelling controls? Why do we have them? How can we use them? What are the differences between software providers? What are the advantages / disadvantages of advanced modelling controls? Some interesting applications What should your company consider before using complex controls?

3 The Modern Water Network. What control systems should we consider in our models? Efficiency savings through pressure management Sourceworks Controls DG2 Boosters Deployable output restrictions Dual local / remote sensors Triad Limitations Dynamic control valves Security of Supply & Resilience Schemes Telemetry Variable Speed system Pump to keep Units an eye on Flow our control / Pressure systems modulation Manual actuation Reservoir Are they functioning level auto controls correctly? Dual sustaining/reducing Multiple remote valve sequences to avoid transient issues Cost Is the of control water system prioritisation local or / optimisation remote? Remote sensing points Is a control decision automated or made by the ops room?

4 The complexity of water networks has significantly increased over the past few decades. This has largely been driven by Limited water supplies restricted by conservation and sustainability policies Aspirations to improve levels of service Pressure to reduce network leakage Population growth More recently the drive towards energy efficiency Mains laying is expensive intelligent controls to maximise existing capacity? As the manufacturers in our industry design increasingly clever control mechanisms for our water networks our models need to be able to keep step.

5 Advanced modelling controls - what are they? Water networks are managed / maintained by valves and pumps Many of these pumps & valves remain static i.e. Open or Closed.. On or Off - it is easy to model their behaviour However, many react to change in the system dynamically Advanced modelling controls are a means of changing the control perimeters of these pumps and valves based on system occurrences. i.e. without any decision making by the modeller. But also about combining the controls, prioritising them and deriving control strategies for different scenarios.

6 Advanced Modelling Control Techniques - CwMAG 1st Autumn Conference 2012 What are Scripts (SynerGEE) / User Programmable Controls (InfoWorks)? A small computer program Written in a programming language Written within the modelling package environment Overrides or works with the standard controls applied to a pump or valve.

7 Who has used a model containing scripts or UPC s? Who has received training in scripts or UPC s? Who has the confidence to write a script or UPC?

8 Advanced Modelling Control Techniques - CwMAG 1st Autumn Conference 2012 Modelling Software Development keeping pace? 10 years ago Limited controls available on pumps & valves In most cases, only primary controls were possible (e.g. you can have a pump controlled on a reservoir level or on outlet pressure, but not both) Software companies introduced more standard controls Secondary controls became possible But the breadth of controls available in the real world soon outstripped the modelling software's capability The solution give modellers to power to design any control system The advent of scripting / UPC controls

9 Complex Controls comparing software packages InfoWorks WS User Programmable Controls (UPCs) Innovyze Bespoke (Not too difficult to master) SynerGEE Water Scripts C+ Control & demand scripts Local & global UPCs Test button to check syntax Resultant control action shown in log file Use of colour to define different elements of the script. Compile Script to check correct code. Resultant control action shown in log explorer

10 Modelling Software Development Scripting / User Programmable Controls The Pros.. Nearly infinite control possibilities Not restricted to just primary / secondary controls multi layered controls possible Controls can be dynamic responding to different demand / configuration scenarios with minimal input Minimal development time by software companies

11 Modelling Software Development Scripting / User Programmable Controls The Cons Additional / Advanced Training required by your modellers Added expense of training Skill set needed to create these are not related to background skills of modelling staff. Modellers often come from and environmental or engineering background rarely experienced in writing computer code / programming It relies on me (the modeller) to remember a programming language It is often not very clear that a complex control is in operation? It takes a disproportionate amount of time to write them.

12 Reservoir depth control (including variable switching points over a day) Duty / Assist / Standby Switching (triggering the next VSD pump when one reaches its rated speed etc.) Remote Triggers (DG2 Boosters with low pressure triggers) Time Controls (Day / Night settings TRIAD restrictions etc.) Emergency Regimes (Enforce Security of Supply / SEMD configurations across whole model global scripts) Variable speed pumps pressure or flow control (can be used to assess VSD flow control pumps in InfoWorks WS using the pump curve) Flow / Pressure Modulation (flow modulating pumps & valves efficiency studies) Cumulative Counts (volumetric counting - restricting sourceworks / treatment works to deployable outputs or licence restrictions) Proportional Controls (controlling pumps / valves used to blend waters at a certain ratio) Seasonal Control Regimes (Global scripts that alter multiple controls across model)

13 Reservoir depth control (including variable switching points over a day) Duty / Assist / Standby Switching (triggering the next VSD pump when one reaches its rated speed etc.) Remote Triggers (DG2 Boosters with low pressure triggers) Variable speed pumps pressure or flow control (can be used to assess VSD flow control pumps in InfoWorks WS using the pump curve) Cumulative Counts Time Variable Controls Speed booster set, with duty / assist / standby pumps. (Day / Night settings TRIAD restrictions etc.) (volumetric counting - restricting sourceworks / treatment works to deployable outputs or licence restrictions) Pump speed regulated to maintain a local set pressure. Proportional Controls Pump only operates when a remote sensor placed at the critical point is lower than 15m. Emergency Regimes (Enforce Security of Supply / SEMD configurations across whole model global scripts) Flow / Pressure Modulation (flow modulating pumps & valves efficiency studies) (controlling pumps / valves used to blend waters at a certain ratio) Seasonal Control Regimes (Global scripts that alter multiple controls across model)

14 Reservoir depth control (including variable switching points over a day) Duty / Assist / Standby Switching (triggering the next VSD pump when one reaches its rated speed etc.) Remote Triggers (DG2 Boosters with low pressure triggers) Time Controls (Day / Night settings TRIAD restrictions etc.) Emergency Regimes (Enforce Security of Supply / SEMD configurations across whole model global scripts) Variable speed pumps pressure or flow control (can be used to assess VSD flow control pumps in InfoWorks WS using the pump curve) Flow / Pressure Modulation (flow modulating pumps & valves efficiency studies) Cumulative Counts (volumetric counting - restricting sourceworks / treatment works to deployable outputs or licence restrictions) Proportional Controls (controlling pumps / valves used to blend waters at a certain ratio) Seasonal Control Regimes (Global scripts that alter multiple controls across model)

15 Reservoir depth control (including variable switching points over a day) Duty / Assist / Standby Switching (triggering the next VSD pump when one reaches its rated speed etc.) Remote Triggers (DG2 Boosters with low pressure triggers) Time Controls (Day / Night settings TRIAD restrictions etc.) Variable speed pumps pressure or flow control (can be used to assess VSD flow control pumps in InfoWorks WS using the pump curve) Cumulative Counts (volumetric counting - restricting sourceworks / treatment works to deployable outputs or licence restrictions) Proportional Controls (controlling pumps / valves used to blend waters at a certain ratio) Variable Speed borehole pump that pumps into a trunk main that feeds a reservoir. Emergency Regimes Pump speed regulated to maintain a local set flow point. (Enforce Security of Supply / SEMD configurations across whole model global scripts) Flow / Pressure Modulation (flow modulating pumps & valves efficiency studies) Pump will turn on when reservoir falls to 60% Seasonal depth and Control off at Regimes 95% depth. The pump will not exceed the daily licence of 5 MLD (Global scripts that alter multiple controls across model) A Triad agreement will prevent the pump operating between 7pm-9pm

16 The structure of complex controls Reservoir depth control Variable speed pumps flow control Cumulative Counts Time Controls The rules take on similar forms regardless of software package IF statements are used with LOGICAL controls to identify the mode of control SET FEATURES TO CONTROL Reservoir Name = LittleRes Pump Name = DeepBorehole Flow Meter = BoreholeQ SET THE CONTROL VARIABLES Reservoir Upper Limit (upper) = 95% Reservoir Lower Limit (lower) = 60% Pump Flow Set Point (fsp)= 40 l/s Cumulative Flow Count (volcount) = BoreholeQ * 900 Daily Abstraction Licence (dal) = 3 Ml/day TRIAD PERIOD (tp) = 17:30-19:00 SET THE CONTROL RULE IF LittleRes DEPTH < upper AND volcount < dal AND RUN TIME <> tp THEN FLOW BoreholeQ = fsp USING UPSTREAM DeepBorehole ELSE IF.

17 Complex Controls Background Considerations Who needs to be trained? All Model Users? Technicians / Operations / Asset Management And to what level? Basic Understanding or Script writers Find a complex control champion within your business As a consultant, there appears to be little guidance from water companies regarding complex controls in models. Where it should be used. What type should be used (e.g. global or local?) How to show users it is in place Should complex controls be covered by your modelling specification?

18 Modelling controls are typically one of the final considerations when building a model. It is easy to replicate our chosen calibration day using time based controls Difficult to come up with dynamic controls that respond to system changes Model Controls Fit for purpose? How do you intend to use your model? Who will be using your model?

19 Advanced Modelling Control Techniques - CwMAG 1st Autumn Conference 2012 Complex Controls Background Considerations How does your company document / log / define its control systems? In my experience, this information is often not recorded in any central location e.g. PRV control pressure for asset is 34m Pump is flow controlled typically using 30, 40 or 53 l/s Pump switching points are 3.2m at night and 4.1m during the day Even manufacturers pump curve data Consultants analyse your telemetry data and attempt to estimate you control regimes Data / Controls are often lost as a consequence. Seasonal changes / variations are often missed What decisions are automated and what are made by operations staff?

20 Complex Controls Background Considerations Control Identification / Symbols Use How to display complex control is applied in model? Flags / Symbols / Colours / Polygons etc. Default On or Off (Use an SQL to turn on or off) Complex Control Library A database of common controls Held on a central server all modellers have access to If no one in your business can write / design new controls why not employ someone to write them for you? Text files or word document Use excel to write the control fill in the blanks?

21 Advanced Modelling Control Techniques - CwMAG 1st Autumn Conference 2012 Advanced Modelling Controls - Summary Complex controls via programming languages is it the right approach? What controls do we need to future proof our models? Do you have a training program for your modellers? Who needs to be trained? Two tier approach? How are Advanced Modelling Controls governed in your Modelling Specification? How do we indicate / display that these controls are being used in a model? Should we develop a control script library to facilitate increased use? Is there a means of documenting control regimes and settings in my company?