Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System Program

Transcription

1 Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System Program Prepared by: Occupational Health and Safety Reviewed by: Joint Health and Safety Committees Approved by: Chief Human Resources Officer October, 207

2 .0 Purpose Scope References Glossary of Terms Responsibilities Training WHMIS 205 Hazard Classes General Signal Word, Hazard Statements, Precautionary Statements and Pictograms Signal Word Hazard Statement Precautionary Statements WHMIS 205: Summary Hazard Classification and Pictograms WHMIS 988 Classification and Hazard Symbols WHMIS Classification and Hazard Symbols: 988 vs WHMIS Labels Supplier Labels Workplace Labels Workplace Label Content Preparing a Workplace Label: Special Situations for Portable Containers Piping Systems and Vessels Safety Data Sheets... 2 Section : Product Identifier... 2 Section 2: Hazard Identification... 2 Section 3: Composition/Information on Ingredients... 2 Section 4: First Aid Measures... 2 Section 5: Fire Fighting Measures Section 6: Accidental Release Measures Section 7: Handling and Storage Section 8: Exposure Control/Personal Protection Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties Section 0: Stability and Reactivity Section : Toxicological Information Section 2: Ecological Information Section 3: Disposal Considerations Section 4: Transport Information Section 5: Regulatory Information P a g e

3 Section 6: Other Information Hazardous Waste Hazardous Waste Labels Emergency Procedures Appendices WHMIS 205 Hazard Statements - Physical Hazard Statements WHMIS 205 Hazard Statements - Health Hazard Statements WHMIS 205 Summary Precautionary Statements P a g e

4 .0 Purpose The purpose of the Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) program is to inform employees about hazardous products used in the workplace through a combination of warning labels, hazard symbols, safety data sheets and training. Employees must understand the hazards and know how to work safely to prevent accidents, injury or illness. Note: WHMIS is integrating elements of the Globally Harmonized System for the Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). This updated version, known as WHMIS 205, includes new classification criteria, labels, hazard symbols and safety data sheets that are more comprehensive than the original WHMIS 988 material safety data sheets. Both WHMIS systems may exist in workplaces until the transition is complete on December, Scope This program applies to all employees and contractors who work with or who may be exposed in the course of their work to a hazardous product. 3.0 References Occupational Health and Safety Act of Ontario Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System, O.Reg. 860 Control of Exposure to Biological or Chemical Agents. O.Reg. 833 Designated Substances, O.Reg. 490/09 Mohawk College Health and Safety Policy CS Hazardous Products Act Hazardous Products Regulations United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals 4.0 Glossary of Terms Acute Exposure Refers to an exposure over a short period of time. Acute Health Effect Refers to an effect that develops immediately or s short time after exposure. Acute Toxicity Acute toxicity classification is based on the lethal dose or lethal concentration values (LD50 or LC50) determined from animal studies. Lower LD50 or LC50 values correspond to more highly toxic materials. Aspiration Hazard Refers to severe acute effects such as chemical pneumonia, lung damage or death, if a substance get into lower respiratory system. Auto Ignition Temperature The lowest temperature at which a substance will ignite without a source of ignition. Biohazardous Infectious Materials Means any microorganism, nucleic acid or protein that causes or is probable cause of infection, with or without toxicity, in humans or animals. Category material that falls into Risk Group 2, 3, or 4 as defined in the Human Pathogens and Toxins Act or that has been shown to cause or be probable cause of infection or infection and toxicity in animals. Carcinogen A cancer-causing agent: Category A: Known to have carcinogenic potential for humans. Category B: Presumed to have carcinogenic potential for humans, largely based on animal studies. Category 2: Suspected human carcinogen-insufficient evidence to place in Category. 3 P a g e

5 CAS # The Chemical Abstract Service registry number (CAS#) is a unique identification number assigned to individual chemicals by the American Chemical Society. Chronic Exposure Refers to exposure that occurs over a long period of time. Chronic Health Effect Refers to an effect that occurs from exposure over a long period of time. Combustible Refers to a material that can burn. Combustible Dust: A mixture or substance in the form of finely divided particles that, upon ignition, is liable to catch fire or explode when dispersed in air. Combustible liquid Under WHMIS 205 classification system, refers to a flammable liquid - Category 4 (60 <fp<93 C). Note: In Ontario (Fire Code, Industrial and Construction Regulations), combustible liquid refers to a liquid with a flash point greater than or equal to 37.8 C (00 F) and less than 93.3 C (200 F). Cryogenic Substance A substance that exists at extremely low temperatures and can cause skin burns (e.g. liquid nitrogen). Decomposition Temperature The temperature at which the substance breaks down into other compounds and that may be hazardous. Exposure Refers to contact with a substance through inhalation, skin contact, ingestion or injection. Exposure Limit Refers to occupational exposure limits for airborne concentrations of a substance below which exposures are considered acceptable or safe. In Ontario, there are three types of exposure limits. Time-Weighted Average Limit (TWA) The average airborne concentration to which a worker may be exposed in an 8-hour work day or 40-hour work week. Short-Term Exposure Limit (STEL) The maximum airborne concentration to which a worker may be exposed in any 5-minute period. These limits are for chemicals with fast acting properties. Ceiling Limit (C) The maximum airborne concentration to which a worker may be exposed at any time. These limits have been set for chemicals that are fast acting and have highly toxic or irritating effects. Flammable Refers to any material that burns easily. Flammable liquid Under WHMIS 205 classification system, refers to a liquid that has a flashpoint (fp) not more than 93 C. There are 4 categories based on the flash point and boiling point (bp): Category (fp<23 C;bp<35 C): Hazard Statement: Extremely flammable liquid and vapour. Category 2 (fp<23 C; bp>35 C): Hazard Statement: Highly flammable liquid and vapour. Category 3 (23 C<fp<60 C): Hazard Statement: Flammable liquid and vapour. Category 4 (60 <fp<93 C): Hazard Statement: Combustible liquid. 4 P a g e

6 In Ontario (Fire Code, Industrial and Construction Regulations), flammable liquid refers to a liquid with a flash point less than 37.8 C (00 F) Flammability Indicates whether substance or mixture is ignitable (capable of catching on fire) or other appropriate information related to ignition. Flash point (fp) The lowest temperature at which a liquid gives off enough vapour to form a mixture that can ignite in the presence of a source of ignition. The flash point is used to classify flammable liquids. Freezing Point The temperature at which liquid changes to the solid state. Gases Under Pressure Gases contained in a receptacle at a pressure of 200 kpa (gauge) or more at 20 C, or that are liquefied or liquefied and refrigerated. This hazard class includes compressed gas, liquefied gas, refrigerated and liquefied gas and dissolved gas. Germ Cell Mutagenicity Refers to material capable of causing genetic defects or reproductive disorders. GHS Refers to the United Nations document Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). Hazardous Combustion Products Hazardous products produced from burning a material. Hazardous Decomposition Products Hazardous products produced by decomposition of a material by oxidation, aging or heating. Hazardous Ingredient An ingredient in a mixture which, when evaluated as an individual substance against the criteria of all health hazard classes of the Hazardous Product Regulation, is classified in at least one category or subcategory of a health hazard class. Hazardous Product Any product, mixture, material or substance that is classified into a category or subcategory of a hazard class in accordance with the Hazardous Products Regulations (HPR). Hazard Statement Brief descriptions of the physical hazards or health hazards of a product. This information helps users understand the potential harm the product can cause. Hazard Statements are assigned to specific hazard classes and categories. Health Hazards Not Otherwise (HHNOC) Refers to materials not covered in any of the Health Hazard classes, but that can occur following acute or repeated exposures and have an adverse effect on the health of the person exposed to it, including an injury, or resulting in the death of that person. Incompatible Materials Refers to a material that can react violently and that may produce toxic or corrosive by-products or cause fire or explosion. Inert Refers to a stable and non-reactive material. 5 P a g e

7 Irritant Refers to a material that causes reversible effects such as irritation, erythema or inflammation of the eye, skin or respiratory system. LC 50 Refers to the lethal concentration of a mixture or substance in air that causes the death of 50% of a group of test animals. The LC50 is one way of measuring the short-term poisoning potential (acute toxicity) of a mixture or substance. LD 50 Refers to the lethal dose, a single dose of a mixture or substance that, when administered by a particular exposure route in an animal study, is expected to cause the death of 50% of a given animal population. The LD50 is one way of measuring the short-term poisoning potential (acute toxicity) of a mixture or substance. Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) Also known as the Lower Flammable Limit - LFL. The lowest airborne concentration required to cause an explosion. Concentrations above the LEL (and below the UEL) can ignite if there is a source of ignition. Manager Includes Supervisors as defined in the Occupational Health and Safety Act (OHSA). Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) See Safety Data Sheet: A 9-section technical specification sheet that provides detailed hazard and precautionary information. Under WHMIS 988, MSDS expired after 3 years. Mutagen Refers to an agent that affects the genes or cells of exposed people in such a way that it may cause cancer in the exposed individual or an undesirable mutation to occur in some later generation. Odour Threshold The lowest concentration of a chemical that can be detected by smell. Chemicals with low odour thresholds can be detected at low concentrations. Odour thresholds can vary over a very wide range of concentrations and some are above safe exposure guidelines. Oxidizing Material Refers to a material that easily gives up oxygen or can readily oxidize other materials. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Refers to any equipment that is worn to prevent contact with a chemical agent. Examples include: protective gloves, safety glasses or goggles, face shield and respirators. ph A measure of how acidic or basic a product is, and is based on a logarithmic scale ranging from - 4. Chemicals with a ph < 7 are acidic while those with ph >7 are basic and ph = 7 is neutral. Physical Hazards Not Otherwise Classified (PHNOC) Refers to materials classified and not covered in any of the Physical Hazard classes, but that can generate hazards by chemical reaction that can cause serious injury or death of a person at the time the reaction occurs. Precautionary Statements Simple phrases that describe the recommended measures to minimize or prevent adverse effects from handling, exposure, storing and disposal of hazardous products. Precautionary Statements are assigned for specific hazard classes and categories. There are 4 types of Precautionary Statements: Prevention (e.g. keep away from heat, open flames etc.) Response (e.g. to accidental spillage or exposure) Storage (e.g. store in a dry place, etc.) Disposal (e.g. dispose of containers in accordance with local jurisdiction, etc.) 6 P a g e

8 Relative Density The density of a substance relative to water at 4 C. Also known as specific gravity. Provides an indication if a particular substance will sink or float on water. Reproductive Toxicity Refers to materials known or suspected of causing damage to sexual function or fertility or harming developing embryo, fetus or baby. Route of Exposure Refers to ways that chemicals can contact or enter the body and potentially cause harm. Routes of exposure include: inhalation, ingestion, skin contact and injection. Safety Data Sheet (SDS) Means a 6-section document that provides detailed hazard and safety information on safe use, handling, storage and disposal procedures as required by the Hazardous Products Regulations. Safety Data Sheets (formerly known as Material Safety Data Sheet ) must be updated when significant new data becomes available. Sensitizer Refers to a material that can cause allergic reactions that may occur at the site of contact or elsewhere in/on the body. Short-Term Exposure Limit Value (STEL) see Exposure Limit. Signal Word A word used on labels to indicate the relative severity of that product s hazard. There are two signal words, but only one can appear on the label: Danger - Used for the most severe hazard categories. Warning - Used for less severe hazards. Significant New Data Means new data regarding the hazard presented by a hazardous product that changes its classification in a category or subcategory of a hazard class, or results in its classification in another hazard class, or change the ways to protect against the hazard presented by the hazardous product in accordance with the Hazardous Products Regulation. Simple Asphyxiant Refers to any gas that may cause asphyxiation by displacing oxygen. Skin(s) Notation to indicate an agent that can be absorbed through intact skin and can contribute to the overall exposure level. Solubility The ability of a material to dissolve in water or another liquid. Specific Target Organ Toxicity (STOT) - Single Exposure Refers to the classification of a substance that can cause damage to organs from single exposures, generally at low to moderate exposures. Specific Target Organ Toxicity (STOT) - Repeated Exposure Refers to classification of a substance that can damage to organs from prolonged or repeated exposures, generally at low to moderate exposure levels. Supervisor Refers to a person who has charge over a workplace or authority over a worker as defined by the OHSA. 7 P a g e

9 Supplier Label A label applied to containers of hazardous products by the supplier. Supplier labels must contain specific information including: product name, supplier name, hazard pictograms, signal word, precautionary statements, hazard statements and reference to the SDS. Synergistic Effect Refers to an enhanced health effect from exposure to two or more chemicals than would not be expected from exposure to either chemical alone. Teratogen A material that can cause defects in a developing embryo. TLV-TWA see Exposure Limit. Upper Explosive Limit (UEL) Also known as the Upper Flammable Limit - UFL. Concentrations below the UEL and above the LEL can ignite if there is a source of ignition. Concentrations above the UEL are too rich to explode. However, an explosive environment exists as concentrations fall below the UEL. Vapour Density Vapour density is a measure of weight of a given volume of gas or vapour as compared to the same volume of air. Worker Refers to a person who performs work or supplies services for monetary compensation and also to students (secondary school, college or university) who perform work or supply services for no monetary compensation under a program - approved work experience placement as defined in the OHSA. All employees, including paid students (e.g. CSEP), and students working in unpaid placements at Mohawk College, are workers under the Occupational Health and Safety Act. Workplace Label A label prepared by the workplace and affixed to containers of products produced in the workplace and on portable container into which a hazardous product has been dispensed from its original container. Workplace label requirements are fairly general as they contain less information than supplier labels. Workplace labels generally include: product identification, precautionary measures and a reference to the SDS. 8 P a g e

10 5.0 Responsibilities Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System Program Managers Substitute non-hazardous or less-hazardous products for hazardous products where practicable. Limit chemical inventories to the smallest practical level and ensure quantities of hazardous products required for immediate use, are limited to one day s use to minimize associated risks. Maintain a list of hazardous products and ensure Safety Data Sheets are obtained for all hazardous products used, and updated as soon as is practicable after significant new data about the product is provided by the supplier or otherwise becomes available. Ensure Safety Data Sheets are readily available for employees to review, either in hard copy or electronically. Safety data sheets may be obtained online through the supplier/manufacturer s website or through other online SDS resources. Employees must be trained to access electronic safety data sheets. Ensure workplace WHMIS labels are affixed to containers of hazardous products under the following conditions: the original supplier label has become illegible or is missing; the hazardous product is produced in the workplace for use in the workplace; and when a hazardous product is transferred from the original container to another container. Ensure employees who work with or who may be exposed to a hazardous product complete the WHMIS training module and that worksite specific training and orientation is provided (e.g. safe handling procedures, location of safety data sheets, location of emergency equipment (e.g. eyewash, shower, spill kit); gas or vapour monitoring systems, use of ventilation systems). Provide personal protective equipment (e.g. Gloves, safety glasses/goggles, face shield, apron, respirator etc.) to ensure employees are protected and work safely with hazardous materials. Ensure engineering control measures and related safety equipment is properly maintained in good working condition. (e.g. Laboratory fume hoods/cabinets, local exhaust ventilation systems, paint booths, gas or vapour monitoring systems etc.). Ensure chemical spill kits and emergency equipment such as eyewash stations and emergency showers are provided and maintained in good working condition. Ensure hazardous waste is disposed properly in accordance with Ontario Ministry of Environment Regulation 347 Hazardous Waste. Employees Take WHMIS training to work safely with hazardous products used in the workplace. Review WHMIS labels and Safety Data Sheets prior to using hazardous products. Ensure all containers of hazardous products are properly labeled and stored. Follow procedures for safe handling, use, storage and disposal of hazardous products. Use engineering controls and personal protective equipment (e.g. gloves, glasses, goggles, face shield, lab coats, etc.) to minimize contact and control exposures to hazardous products. Report hazardous or unsafe chemical incidents or exposures to their manager. Contact the manager if uncertain how to work safely with a hazardous product or require more information. Occupational Health and Safety Develop and review the WHMIS program with the Joint Health and Safety Committee and review and revise the program as required. Respond to or provide advice in the event of an emergency involving a hazardous product. Assist departments with the disposal of hazardous waste in accordance with environmental requirements. Assist with identification, selection and substitution of non-hazardous or less hazardous products. 9 P a g e

11 Severity Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System Program Contractors Ensure containers of hazardous products brought onto Mohawk College property are labeled properly. Ensure safety data sheets for hazardous products used on site are readily available for review. Ensure their workers are trained in WHMIS and know how to safely use hazardous products on site. Inform their Mohawk College contact person of any health and safety or chemical exposure concerns arising from the use or storage of hazardous products on site. 6.0 Training WHMIS training is required for all employees who work with or who may be exposed in the course of their work, to a hazardous product, and for managers of those employees. Examples of affected areas include: Receiving; Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Automotive; Welding; Facility Services; Plumbing; Electrotechnology; Graphics, Additive Manufacturing and Aviation Technology. Note: This is not an exhaustive list. Employees required to complete training will have access to the online training module. Worksite specific training and orientation is also required (e.g. safe handling procedures, location of safety data sheets, location of emergency equipment (e.g. eyewash, shower, spill kit); gas or vapour monitoring systems, use of ventilation systems). An annual review quiz is required to ensure the level of understanding of WHMIS is maintained. WHMIS training is required every three years or more frequently as required by the department or when required by changes to use or exposure to a hazardous product. Other employees may complete the training voluntarily by self-registering for the online course. 7.0 WHMIS 205 Hazard Classes 7. General Hazardous products are classified into Physical Hazard or Health Hazard groups and then into hazard classes, categories and subcategories. Hazard Classes are divided into Categories and Sub-categories that generally range from -4 or A-D depending on the severity, to further define the hazard. For example: Category A B C Category 2 Category 3 Refer to the classification tables in the Hazardous Products Regulation for detailed criteria for classifications and sub-classification. 0 P a g e

12 Physical Hazard Classes (9). Flammable Gases 2. Flammable Aerosols 3. Oxidizing Gases 4. Gases Under Pressure 5. Flammable Liquids 6. Flammable Solids 7. Self-Reactive Substances and Mixtures 8. Pyrophoric Liquids 9. Pyrophoric Solids 0. Self-heating Substances and Mixtures. Substances and Mixtures Which, in Contact with Water, Emit Flammable Gases 2. Oxidizing Liquids 3. Oxidizing Solids 4. Organic Peroxides 5. Corrosive to Metals 6. Combustible Dusts 7. Simple Asphyxiants 8. Pyrophoric Gases 9. Physical Hazards Not Otherwise Classified Health Hazard Classes (2). Acute toxicity 2. Skin Corrosion/Irritation 3. Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation 4. Respiratory or Skin Sensitization 5. Germ Cell Mutagenicity 6. Carcinogenicity 7. Reproductive Toxicity 8. Specific Target Organ Toxicity - Single Exposure 9. Specific Target Organ Toxicity - Repeated Exposure 0. Aspiration Hazard. Biohazardous Infectious Materials 2. Health Hazards Not Otherwise Classified 7.2 Signal Word, Hazard Statements, Precautionary Statements and Pictograms WHMIS 205 uses signal words, hazard statements, precautionary statements and pictograms, to standardize information provided to users on labels and in Safety Data Sheets. The hazard classification is used to determine which ones are required Signal Word Alerts users to the relative severity of that product s hazard. There are two signal words, but only one can be used for the product. Danger - Used for the most severe hazard categories. Warning - Used for less severe hazards Hazard Statement Brief descriptions of the Physical and/or Health Hazards of the product. This information helps users understand the potential harm the product can cause. Examples: Physical Hazard Statements Extremely flammable liquid and vapour Flammable Aerosol May ignite spontaneously if exposed to air Health Hazard Statements Harmful if swallowed Causes severe skin burns and eye damage May cause allergic skin reaction Precautionary Statements Simple phrases that describe the recommended measures to minimize or prevent adverse effects from handling, exposure, storing and disposal of hazardous products. There are 4 types of Precautionary Statements Prevention - to prevent fire, chemical reactions or exposure e.g. Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. Avoid breathing dust. P a g e

13 Response general instructions for responding to exposures e.g. Rinse skin with water. Take off contaminated clothing. Get medical advice/attention. Storage general instructions for safe storage e.g. Store in a dry place, store in a well-ventilated location Disposal general instructions for safe disposal e.g. Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local jurisdiction 7.4 WHMIS 205: Summary Hazard Classification and Pictograms 2 Self-Reactive Substances and Mixtures Type A Type B Organic Peroxides Type A Type B Exploding Bomb 3, Flame Flammable Gases Category Category 2 Flammable Liquids Category (fp<23c; bp<35c) Category 2 (fp<23c; bp>35c) Category 3 (23C<fp<60C) Category 4 (60C<fp<93C) Flammable Aerosols Category Flammable Solids Category Category 2 Pyrophoric Liquids Pyrophoric Solids Pyrophoric Gases Self-heating Substances and Mixtures Category Category 2 Self-Reactive Substances and Mixtures Types: C, D, E, F Substance and Mixtures Which, In contact with water, emit flammable gases Category Category 2 Category 3 Organic Peroxides Types C-F 2 Refer to HPR and Annex 3 of the GHS for detailed classification criteria 3 Note: This pictogram is not used to identify Explosives in Canada. Explosive materials are regulated by the Explosives Act and not by WHMIS. 2 P a g e

14 Oxidizing Gases Category Oxidizing Liquids Category Category 2 Category 3 Oxidizing Solids Category Category 2 Category 3 Flame Over Circle Gas Cylinder Compressed Gas Liquefied Gas Refrigerated Liquefied Gas Dissolved Gas Category Category 2 Category 3 Corrosive to Metals Skin Corrosion Categories A, B, C Serious Eye Damage Category Corrosion 3 P a g e

15 Health Hazard Respiratory Sensitizer Germ Cell Mutagenicity Carcinogenicity Category A, B Category 2 Reproductive Toxicity Category Category 2 Specific Target Organ Toxicity (STOT) - Single exposure Category Category 2 Specific Target Organ Toxicity (STOT) - Repeated exposure Category Category 2 Aspiration Hazard Category Category 2 Exclamation Mark (Health Hazards) Skin Irritation Category 2 Eye Irritation Category 2 Acute Toxicity Category 4 Respiratory Sensitizer Skin Sensitizer Category A Category B Specific Target Organ Toxicity (STOT) - Single exposure Category 3 Germ Cell Mutagenicity Carcinogenicity Category A, B Category 2 Reproductive Toxicity Category Category 2 Acute Toxicity Oral, Dermal, Inhalation Category Category 2 Category 3 Skull and Crossbones 4 P a g e

16 Risk Group 2, 3 or 4 of Human Pathogens and Toxins Act, or cause infection or toxicity in animals Biohazardous Infectious Materials Hazardous to aquatic environment Harmful to Environment 4 4 The GHS Harmful to Environment classification and pictogram may be used, but it has not been adopted by Canada s WHMIS P a g e

17 7.4 WHMIS 988 Classification and Hazard Symbols Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System Program Class A: COMPRESSED GASES Class B: CLASS C: FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL Division : Flammable Gases Division 2: Flammable Liquids Division 3: Combustible Liquids Division 4: Flammable Solids Division 5: Flammable Aerosols Division 6: Reactive Flammable Materials OXIDIZING MATERIAL CLASS D: POISONOUS AND INFECTIOUS MATERIAL Division : Materials Causing Immediate and Serious Toxic Effects Division 2: Materials Causing Other Toxic Effects Division 3: Biohazardous Infectious Material CLASS E: CORROSIVE MATERIAL CLASS F: DANGEROUSLY REACTIVE MATERIAL 6 P a g e

18 7.5 WHMIS Classification and Hazard Symbols: 988 vs COMPRESSED GASES Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System Program WHMIS 988 WHMIS 205 FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL OXIDIZING MATERIAL POISONOUS AND INFECTIOUS MATERIAL Materials Causing Immediate and Serious Toxic Effects Materials Causing Other Toxic Effects Biohazardous Infectious Materials CORROSIVE MATERIAL DANGEROUSLY REACTIVE MATERIAL 5 Approximate comparisons Classification criteria has changed and comparisons must be done with caution Refer to the Hazardous Products Regulations for criteria. 7 P a g e

19 8.0 WHMIS Labels Containers of hazardous products are required to have labels that alert users to the hazard(s) of the product, and convey safe handling precautions necessary to protect themselves while using the product. Suppliers and employers are responsible for ensuring containers are properly labelled. There are two general types of WHMIS labels that depend on the origin of the container: Supplier Labels: Labels prepared by the supplier and applied to containers of hazardous products. Workplace Labels: Labels prepared by the workplace for products produced in the workplace; to replace damaged, missing or illegible label, and on portable containers of hazardous products transferred from the supplier s container. 8. Supplier Labels WHMIS 205 Supplier labeling requirements for format and content, is regulated (i.e. standardized) by the Hazardous Products Regulations. This ensures hazard information is communicated in a consistent manner. There are six (6) key elements to the WHMIS 205 Supplier Label:. Product Identifier: Must match the identifier on the Safety Data Sheet. 2. Pictogram(s): The hazard pictogram(s) for the product s hazard classification. 3. Signal Word: Danger or Warning. 4. Hazard Statements: Physical and Health-Hazard statements. 5. Precautionary Statements: Prevention; Response; Storage; Disposal. 6. Supplier Identifier: The name, address and telephone information of the supplier. Supplier Labels: WHMIS 988 vs WHMIS 205 WHMIS 988 WHMIS P a g e

20 8.2 Workplace Labels A workplace label is a label prepared by the workplace to identify a hazardous product under the following conditions: To replace a damaged, missing or illegible label. To label a hazardous product that has been decanted into another container from the supplier s container. To label a hazardous product produced in the workplace Workplace Label Content Workplace label requirements are very general compared to supplier labels and they require the following: Product Identifier. Information for safe handling. Reference to SDS. METHANOL FLAMMABLE DO NOT USE NEAR OPEN FLAMES OR PROCESSES THAT GENERATE SPARKS AVOID INHALING VAPOURS Read the Safety Data Sheet It is optional for additional information such as the signal word, pictogram or additional statements, to be added to the workplace label. Avoid adding too much information because the label can become crowded and employees may be less likely to read the entire label. Templates for customized, self-adhesive workplace labels can be obtained through the Occupational Health & Safety Office. WHMIS 988 WHMIS Preparing a Workplace Label: When preparing a workplace label, the information can be copied from the supplier s label or taken from the Safety Data Sheet (SDS).. Review the following: Existing workplace label if there is one. Supplier label. Safety data sheet. 2. Copy relevant information from the above sources and record the following on the workplace label: Product Identifier (this must be identical to the one used on the SDS). Information for safe handling. See Safety Data Sheet 3. Attach the workplace label to the container. Contact the Occupational Health and Safety Office for customized, self-adhesive workplace label templates. 9 P a g e

21 8.2.3 Special Situations for Portable Containers Workplace labels are required on portable containers under two special workplace label situations involving portable containers:. A workplace label is not required on a portable container if all the hazardous product is required for immediate use. 2. A partial workplace label is required if the portable container: Is under the control of and used only by the worker who filled the container. Used only during the shift in which the portable container was filled. The contents of the portable container are clearly identified. This can be by any means such as product name, chemical formula or colour code Piping Systems and Vessels A workplace label is not required for hazardous products contained or transferred in the following: Pipe/piping system including valves. Process vessel. Reaction vessel or, A tank car, tank truck etc. Workers must be able to identify the contents and know how to safely use, store or handle the hazardous product. Any means of identification can be used as long as they understand the system used. Modes of identification include: Colour coding. Labels. Placards. Symbols. Warning signs. 20 P a g e

22 9.0 Safety Data Sheets There are 6 sections in a Safety Data Sheet (compared to 9 in the old Material Safety Data Sheets). SDS information requirements are detailed in the Hazardous Products Regulation. Section : Product Identifier: The product identifier used on the label. This can be the brand name, chemical name, common name, generic name or trade name. This must be the same on the label and on the SDS to ensure the correct hazard and precautionary information is reviewed. Other means of identification of the product such as other common names or synonyms by which the product is known. Recommended Product Use and Restrictions: Brief description of the intended use(s) of the product and any restrictions. Initial Supplier Identifier: Name, address and telephone number. Emergency telephone number to call for information regarding the product. Section 2: Hazard Identification This section identifies the main hazards of the product and information for user to handle, store and dispose of the product safely. Hazard Classification: Identifies the hazard classification of the product. e.g. Flammable liquid (Category 2); Acute Oral Toxicity (Category 3); Corrosive, Oxidizing liquid; Gas under pressure. Signal Word (Danger or Warning): Provides relative severity of the hazard. Pictogram, symbol or the name of the symbol. Identifies the hazard symbol(s) for easy hazard identification. Hazard Statements: Lists the assigned hazard statements for the product. Examples: Highly flammable liquid and vapour; Toxic if swallowed; Toxic in contact with skin. Precautionary Statements: Lists the assigned precautionary statements for the following: Prevention: (e.g. Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection.) Keep container tightly closed. Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapour/spray. Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking. Response: Provides instructions for exposure situations such as inhalation, skin contact or ingestion of the product: (e.g. If inhaled: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.) Call a Poison Control Centre or doctor/physician. Fire: In case of fire: Use CO2, dry chemical or foam for extinction. Storage: Identifies general safe storage requirements. (e.g. Store in a well ventilated place.) Keep container tightly closed. Disposal: Identifies general safe disposal requirements. (e.g. Dispose of container to an approved waste plant.) Section 3: Composition/Information on Ingredients This section identifies the hazardous ingredients contained in the product as per the classification criteria. Hazardous Ingredients can be identified by: Chemical name Common name and synonyms Chemical Abstract Service registry number (CAS#) and any unique identifiers Concentration Section 4: First Aid Measures This section provides the first aid measures to be taken in response to exposure via the different routes of exposure - inhalation, ingestion or skin contact and eye contact. It s important to know how to respond in the event of an emergency and to respond quickly to prevent serious injury. Example: Eye Contact: Flush eyes with water for at least 5 minutes. This section may advise to flush for a longer period. Seek medical attention. Skin Contact: Flush with water. Seek medical attention if irritation persists. Inhalation: Remove victim to fresh air. Seek medical attention. Ingestion: This section may instruct you to induce vomiting or not to induce vomiting. 2 P a g e

23 Section 5: Fire Fighting Measures This section identifies what type of extinguishing media to use in the event of a fire involving the product and special precautions fire fighters should take. It also identifies specific fire related hazards of the product and possible hazardous products that can be formed in a fire. Suitable Extinguishing Media: e.g. Use water spray, alcohol resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Autoignition Temperature: Autoignition temperature is the lowest temperature at which a substance (e.g. vapour or gas) will ignite without a source of ignition (e.g. flame, spark). Flash Point: Flash point is the lowest temperature at which a substance emits a sufficient amount of vapour that could ignite if a source of ignition were present. Substances with low flashpoints can ignite relatively easily and pose greater fire risk than substances with high flash points. Sources of ignition include open flames, sparks, and static electricity. Grounding and bonding is required to prevent static discharge when dispensing flammable liquids. Lower Flammable Limit: Lower flammable limit is the lowest airborne concentration of a substance required for the substance to ignite or explode in the presence of a source of ignition. Concentrations above the LFL and below the UFL can ignite if there is a source of ignition. The LFL is also known as the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL). Upper Flammable Limit: Upper flammable limit is the maximum airborne concentration of a substance that can ignite or explode in the presence of a source of ignition. Concentrations below the UFL and above the LFL can ignite if there is a source of ignition. The UFL is also known as the Upper Explosive Limit (UEL). Specific Hazards Arising from the Chemical: Flammable. Risk of ignition. Vapours may form explosive mixture with air. Vapours may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Hazardous Combustion Products: Lists the chemicals that can be produced when the product burns. (e.g. Carbon monoxide (CO), Formaldehyde.) Protective Equipment and Precautions for Fire Fighters: As in any fire, wear self-contained breathing apparatus, pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH approved or equivalent and full protective gear. Section 6: Accidental Release Measures This section provides information for safe response and emergency procedures for spills, leaks or other releases to protect people, property and the environment. Personal Precautions: Identifies how to protect people in the vicinity of a spill or release and what to do to prevent further harm. Example: Evacuate personnel to safe area. Keep people away and upwind of the spill/leak. Use personal protective equipment. Remove all sources of ignition. Environmental Precautions: Identifies measures to prevent environmental drains to prevent contamination of sewer system. Methods for Containment and Clean-Up: Identifies the materials to be used. Example: Soak up with inert absorbent material. Keep in suitable, closed container for disposal. Remove all sources of ignition. Use spark-proof tools and explosion proof equipment. Section 7: Handling and Storage This section identifies the recommended equipment, procedures and precautionary measures to safely handle and store the material. 22 P a g e

24 Handling Possible handling instructions could be: Wear personal protective equipment. Do not breathe vapours or mist. Do not get in eye or on skin. Do not ingest. Keep away from open flames, hot surfaces and sources of ignition. To avoid ignition of vapours by static electricity discharge, all metal parts of the equipment must be grounded. Take precautionary measures against static discharge. Storage Possible storage instructions could be: Keep container tightly closed in a dry, well ventilated place. Keep away from open flames, hot surfaces and source of ignition. Section 8: Exposure Control/Personal Protection This section identifies the acceptable or safe occupational exposure levels to hazardous ingredients in the product and lists engineering controls or personal protective equipment required to protect users from overexposure. Engineering Controls: Identifies controls such as type of ventilation or special equipment required to control exposure to the hazardous product. Example: Use only under a chemical fume hood. Use explosion-proof electrical equipment. Personal Protective Equipment: Identifies the recommended type(s) of personal protective equipment to control exposures by the main routes of exposure and hygiene measures: Eye/Face Protection Skin and Body Protection Respiratory Protection Hygiene Measures Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties This section contains a lot of technical information that describes various physical and chemical characteristics of the product. Understanding this information is useful for properly identifying the material and recognizing how readily it will change physical states, catch on fire or decompose. Appearance: Describes how the product appears and whether it is a solid, liquid or gas. The physical state of a product influences how the user may be exposed to the substance and helps with the development of control measures. Odour: Descriptive phrase of the how the product smells. This is useful for confirming the identity of the product and comparing the safety data sheet. Odour Threshold: Odour thresholds provide an indication of the minimum concentrations required before a product can be smelled. Chemicals with low odour thresholds can be detected at low concentrations and have good warning properties whereas those with high odour thresholds have poor warning properties. Caution must be exercised when interpreting odour thresholds because they can vary over a very wide range of concentrations and the odour threshold of some chemicals is above safe exposure guidelines. ph: ph is a measure of how acidic or basic a product is and is based on a logarithmic scale ranging from 4. Materials with ph = 7 are neutral, while those with ph < 7 are acidic and those with ph>7 are basic. Melting Point and Freezing Point: Melting point is the temperature at which a material changes from solid to liquid. Freezing point is the temperatures at which the material changes from liquid to solid. Initial Boiling Point and Boiling Range: Initial boiling point is the lowest temperature at which the material changes from liquid to gas. Flash Point: Flash point is the lowest temperature at which a substance emits a sufficient amount of vapour that 23 P a g e

25 could ignite if a source of ignition were present. Substances with low flashpoints can ignite relatively easily and pose greater fire risk than substances with high flash points. Sources of ignition include open flames, sparks, and static electricity. Grounding and bonding is required to prevent static discharge when dispensing flammable liquids. Evaporation Rate: Evaporation rate is a measure of the rate of evaporation of the product as compared to water or another reference material. The higher the number, the faster the product evaporates and becomes airborne. Flammability (solid, gas) Indicates whether the substance or mixture is ignitable (capable of catching on fire) or other appropriate information related to ignition. Upper and Lower Flammability or Explosive Limit: Lower Flammable Limit: Lower flammable limit is the lowest airborne concentration of a substance required for the substance to ignite or explode in the presence of a source of ignition. Concentrations above the LFL and below the UFL can ignite if there is a source of ignition. The LFL is also known as the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL). Upper Flammable Limit: Upper flammable limit is the maximum airborne concentration of a substance that can ignite or explode in the presence of a source of ignition. Concentrations below the UFL and above the LFL can ignite if there is a source of ignition. The UFL is also known as the Upper Explosive Limit (UEL). Vapour Pressure: Vapour pressure is a measure of a product s ability to evaporate and become airborne. Chemicals with high vapour pressures tend to evaporate quickly. Vapour Density: Vapour density is a measure of weight of a given volume of gas or vapour as compared to the same volume of air. Vapour densities greater than one indicate the vapours are heavier than air and these will tend to sink the floor level. Relative Density: The density of a substance relative to water at 4 C. Also known as specific gravity. Provides an indication if a particular substance will sink or float on water. Solubility: The ability of a material to dissolve in water or another liquid. Partition Coefficient- N-octanol/water: A measure of the substance s ability to mix with water or how easily a substance can be absorbed or stored in the body. This also provides information regarding spill clean-up requirements if water is involved. Auto Ignition Temperature: Auto Ignition temperature is the lowest temperature at which a substance (vapour or gas) will ignite without a source of ignition (e.g. flame, spark). Decomposition Temperature: The temperature at which the substance breaks down into other compounds and that may be hazardous. Viscosity: Refers to measurement of how resistant a fluid is to movement. Fluids with a low viscosity flow easily. 24 P a g e

26 Section 0: Stability and Reactivity The reactivity data section of the SDS provides information as to whether the product is stable or not and describes the possibility of hazardous reactions and under which conditions. This information is also useful for establishing safe handling procedures and selecting safe storage locations. Reactivity: Identifies conditions other than those mentioned above, under which the product may react. Chemical Stability (Yes/No): Identifies whether the product is chemically stable or unstable. Some chemicals can break down or degrade into other chemicals by heat, age, sunlight, and exposure to air or water. This provides an indication of any safety issues that may arise and that are associated with a change in physical appearance of the product. Possibility of hazardous reactions: This identifies whether the substance will react and create a hazardous condition such as releasing excess pressure or heat. Conditions to avoid: This identifies conditions to avoid, such as static discharge, shock or vibration that could create hazardous situations. Incompatible Materials: Identifies materials that can react violently if mixed with the product and that may produce toxic or corrosive by-products, fire or explosion. This information is useful for establishing safe handling procedures and selecting safe storage locations. Hazardous Decomposition Products: Identifies known or potential hazardous products that could be produced by decomposition as a result of use, storage, age or heating the material. Section : Toxicological Information The toxicological properties section of the SDS provides information as to how a product is likely to contact or enter the body and what the potential short-term and long-term adverse health effects from overexposure situations may be. This information is useful for understanding the specific health risks associated with a particular product and assists with the development of safe handling procedures. Routes of Entry: Describes how the hazardous material may enter the body through likely routes of exposure and cause harm include: Inhalation, ingestion, skin contact, eye contact. Symptoms of Exposure: Descriptions of first symptoms from lowest exposure to symptoms from severe exposures. Specific Target Organ Toxicity (STOT) - Single Exposure: Describes adverse health effects that may develop from a brief, short term exposure. Acute effects typically develop from low to moderate exposure levels. Specific Target Organ Toxicity (STOT) - Repeated Exposure: Describes adverse health effects that may develop over a long-time period from repeated low to moderate level exposures. Irritation: Identifies whether the material causes localized effects such as irritation, erythema, swelling or burns at the site of contact on the skin, eyes or other mucous membranes. This information is useful when selecting personal protective equipment (esp. gloves, eye protection) and emergency washing facilities. 25 P a g e

27 Aspiration Hazard: Includes severe acute effects such as chemical pneumonia, varying degrees of pulmonary injury or death, from a liquid or solid directly, through the mouth or nasal cavity, or indirectly from vomiting, into the trachea and lower respiratory system. Sensitization: Sensitizers are products that can cause allergic reactions. These reactions may occur at the site of contact or they may occur elsewhere. For example, natural latex is a known sensitizer that can cause allergic contact dermatitis, but it may also cause an adverse respiratory response (asthma). Once sensitized to a material, subsequent exposures, even at very low exposures/concentrations, can cause severe reactions. Carcinogenicity: Identifies whether the product is capable or suspected of causing cancer. Reproductive Toxicity (and Teratogenicity): Identifies whether the product is capable or suspected of causing birth defects or if there are potential effects via lactation. Germ Cell Mutagenicity: Identifies whether the product is capable of causing genetic defects or reproductive disorders. Synergistic Products: Identifies products that, if exposed to in addition to the material, will exacerbate or amplify the health effects than would occur with either substance alone. Section 2: Ecological Information This section number and heading must appear on the SDS, but information is optional. Information related to environmental impact from a release of the product may be provided. Section 3: Disposal Considerations This section number and heading must appear on the SDS, but information is optional. This section provides information for proper disposal, recycling or reclamation of the product. This may also include: Description of suitable disposal containers. Recommendations for appropriate disposal method to use. Description of chemical or physical properties that may affect disposal. Special precautions for landfill or incineration. Section 4: Transport Information This section number and heading must appear on the SDS, but information is optional. Information related to the classification, packaging and labeling for shipping or transporting the hazardous product in accordance with Transportation of Dangerous Goods requirements may be provided. Section 5: Regulatory Information This section must appear on the SDS, but information is optional. Information related to health and safety or other regulations may be provided. Section 6: Other Information This section provides the date of preparation of the SDS or the date of the latest revision if it has been revised. Other information may include: Details of changes made to the previous versions of the SDS. Abbreviations or acronyms used. Name of the individual who prepared the SDS. 26 P a g e

28 0.0 Hazardous Waste Hazardous waste is regulated by the Ontario Ministry of Energy and Environment Regulation 347 General-Waste Management to ensure hazardous waste is disposed in a safe and environmentally responsible manner. Each department that generates hazardous waste is responsible for ensuring hazardous waste is properly disposed. The Occupational Health & Safety Office coordinates regular hazardous waste pick-ups and disposal and can be contacted for additional advice. 0. Hazardous Waste Labels Containers for storing hazardous waste generated in the workplace do not require a WHMIS workplace label. However, workers must be able to identify the containers and know how to safely store and handle the hazardous waste. Any means of container identification can be used as long as workers understand the system used. Modes of identification include: Colour coding. Warning signs with the words Caution - Hazardous Waste. Warning sign with a picture that conveys the appropriate message..0 Emergency Procedures Chemical spills must be cleaned up promptly to protect life, property and the environment. Departments using hazardous products are required to have spill clean-up equipment such as absorbent materials, neutralizers and personal protective equipment to respond to small spills. Spills may be relatively minor, posing minimal risk and that can be cleaned-up easily. Or, depending on the material or for larger spills, they may present a significant fire, health or environmental hazard that requires a qualified emergency spill response company for clean-up. Whether a spill requires an emergency response often depends on the individual s familiarity with and knowledge of the hazardous material. For example, a chemical spill in a laboratory may be perceived as an emergency to a non-lab person. However, it may not be considered an emergency to a chemical engineering technologist or professor who is competent and trained to clean it up safely. There are two types of spills: Minor Spill: Minor spills involve quantities small enough such that the spill kit materials available are sufficient to contain and clean-up the spill. Major Spill: Major spills involve quantities that cannot be contained safely with the spill kit materials on site and/or threaten the building or the environment (e.g. discharge into sewer). Depending on the materials involved, major spills may pose significant fire, health or environmental hazard. This requires prompt clean-up by a qualified emergency spill response company.. In the event of a spill Determine the type of spill (Minor or Major). Refer to Safety Data Sheet for applicable spill response materials and procedures. Report all spills to the person in charge of, or responsible for the area. Minor Spills ) Promptly stop or shut off the source of the spill. 2) Shut down activities and isolate the spill. 3) Eliminate all sources of ignition (e.g. electrical equipment, sparks, flames etc.). 4) Ventilate the area using natural or mechanical ventilation (e.g. fume hood, open doors, windows etc.). 27 P a g e