Confined Space Entry- Code of Practice

Transcription

1 2012 Confined Space Entry- Code of Practice Chinook Drilling 8/10/2012

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3 3 Table of Contents 1.0 Purpose Reference Material Rig Site Confined Space Descriptions Fuel Tank Fuel Tank Sizes Water Tanks Water Tank under Doghouse Water Tank Boiler Size of Tanks Mud Tanks - All Compartments Size of Tanks Flare Tank Pits/Sumps Tank Farms Invert Tanks Other Areas Work Involving Confined Space Entry Identified Hazards Worker Training Requirements Entry Permit System Types of Permits Hot Permit Cold Permit Confined Space Permit Obtaining Permit Requirements Hot Work Permits Cold Work Permits Confined Space Work Permits Critical Job Procedures Testing the Atmosphere...18

4 4 9.1 Pre Entry Atmospheric Testing Monitoring- Continuous and Re-Testing Flammable Atmospheres Electrical Equipment Torches & Hoses Non-Sparking Tools Compressed Cylinders Ventilation, Purging and Inerting Ventilation Purging Inerting Isolation Double Block and Bleed Blanking or Blinding Emergency Response Training Equipment Critical Job Procedures Types of Rescue Self Rescue or Evacuation External or Non-Entry Rescue Responsibility of Man Watch Person Low Hazard Atmosphere Moderate Hazard Atmosphere High Hazard Atmosphere Documentation Definitions Alberta OHS Regulations, Part 1 Definitions and General Application Saskatchewan OHS Regulations, Part XVIII Confined Space Entry WorkSafe BC OHS Regulations, Part 9 Confined Spaces...31

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6 6 1.0 Purpose The purpose of the Chinook Drilling Confined Space Entry Code of Practice is to provide additional guidance and details for safe entry, exit and rescue. Working in confined spaces poses many challenges for personnel and supervision to ensure these areas are safe for completing their tasks. While critical and safe job procedures are written for specific tasks that may be performed within a confined space, the following code of practice will cover the remaining hazards and how to control them. This code of practice must be used in conjunction with all other policy, procedures and programs outlined by Chinook Drilling. This code of practice will meet or exceed applicable government regulations that apply to the content enclosed. Provincial standards and industry best practices have been reference to complete the information provided. 2.0 Reference Material The following materials were used as reference to develop the entire code of practice. Provincial legislation should be referenced whenever there are questions or concerns regarding certain details. Various parts of provincial legislation apply depending on scope of work being performed and thus this code of practice will not take the place of these standards. Alberta Occupational Act, Regulations and Code, June 2009 British Columbia Occupational Regulations, 2012 Edition Saskatchewan Occupational Act and Regulations, November 2008 Arresting You Ltd. Confined Space Entry (Course Material) Arresting You Ltd. Advanced Confined Space Entry (Course Material) Government of Alberta, Employment and Immigration, Guideline for Developing a Code of Practice for Confined Space Entry, CS001-Revised Rig Site Confined Space Descriptions The following is a list of confined spaces that will be encountered at each Rig location. NOTE: Currently, Chinook Drilling does not have any yard/shop locations owned or leased that would perform maintenance, fabrication or other work by company employees. All 3 rd party locations MUST provide you with identification of confined spaces and hazards associated within their property. NOTE: In the event of a change in company acquisitions, such as additional property that would include yard/shop locations, a hazard assessment will be completed of those facilities.

7 7 3.1 Fuel Tank Most fuel tanks are attached to the combination shack, also described as the change shack or generator building. Size of tanks varies from building to building and contains diesel fuel only on all rig design because of the engine types. All rigs will have the attached fuel tank with the exception of Rig 16 and 17 which have a separate fuel tank as a load. Buildings will be marked as per TDG regulations, or other applicable legislation for transportation of controlled products. Typically there will only be the single point of entry on the top of the building or tank. Quick coupling fittings attached to an external fuel pump will allow for the fuel to transfer through the fuel system. Inside the tank there will be one fixed ladder at the entry point. Access will be limited and air flow will be extremely minimal and should be considered (0 cfm) Fuel Tank Sizes 3.2 Water Tanks Water Tank under Doghouse RIG # Combination Building (m3) Boiler (m3) All water tanks are positioned below the doghouse. The tanks are typically 60m3 size tanks, always four sided with no cover. Water pumps are position/placed inside the adjoined tool house area to circulate and transfer water through the system. Tanks will have single fixed ladder access and plenty of fresh air flow should be available depending on the

8 8 environment. Air flow in most cases will be determined by environmental conditions unless in a controlled environment. Organic material in the tank must be considered prior to entry. Some organics may cause potential atmosphere issues Water Tank Boiler All water tanks are positioned below the doghouse. The tanks are typically 60m3 size tanks, always four sided with no cover. Water pumps are position/placed inside the adjoined tool house area to circulate and transfer water through the system. Tanks will have single fixed ladder access and plenty of fresh air flow should be available depending on the environment. Air flow in most cases will be determined by environmental conditions unless in a controlled environment. Organic material in the tank must be considered prior to entry. Some organics may cause potential atmosphere issues Size of Tanks RIG # Water Tank Building (m3) Boiler (m3)

9 9 3.3 Mud Tanks - All Compartments Mud tank buildings are open top with grating covering the top on full surface of the each tank. Compartments separate the entire fluid volume into separate compartments to allow for different fluid characteristics to be separate, mixed, skimmed, or held depending on operator requirements when drilling individual wells. Along with separate compartment sizes, each compartment may contain mud guns, mud pump suction, mixing suction and discharge lines, agitators, skimming lines, and other lines including steam lines which may pass through. All compartments will have restricted access and may or may not have fixed ladder access. Compartments will all have an outside knock open gate located on the pit side of the tank. Above the tanks compartments additional equipment for Blow out Prevention and solids separation are included. Poor boy degasser will be located near the shakers for BOP use. Either 1 or 2 shakers are equipped on each rig, which are used to separate solids from drill fluids being circulated through the well. Even though all compartments are open top, there may be restricted airflow. Consideration of above restrictions and fluids being used, or that has been used need to be considered upon each entry. Isolation of fluid systems and steam system will also need to be considered along with lock out of compartment equipment Size of Tanks RIG # Mud Tank(m3) # Compartments

10 Flare Tank Flare tanks may vary in size since most tanks are 3 rd party rentals. Tanks are general small in size from 12-15m3 in size. Flare and degasser lines run through the bottom and up to the flare stacks. Suction lines are also inside for use when transfer is needed during well blow out situations. Most tanks are equipped with a fixed ladder on the outside and inside of the tank. Generally the tanks are open top with or without a walking platform on top depending on the fabrication and configuration of the tank. 3.5 Pits/Sumps Pits and sumps may be located on some drilling locations. Depending on environmental regulation requirements and operators, there may be a possibility of pits and sumps on sides of the lease locations. Sumps may be located on the back side of shacks for disposal of waste from washroom and washing facilities from lease living quarters. All these areas must be fenced off for restricted access. NOTE: No employees should enter these areas unless authorization is provided from Rig Manager and approval from Operational Management. Proper excavating practices will need to be confirmed according to provincial legislation. 3.6 Tank Farms There may be tank farms on locations prior to rigs coming to location. These tanks may hold drilling fluids or other production fluids that may not be involved in the drilling operation. Fluid characteristics need to be provided to drilling crew from operator when these tanks are on site. If tanks are in a bermed spill containment area then precaution should be taken according Material Safety Data Sheet information. 3.7 Invert Tanks Invert tanks may come in different configuration depending on the rental company. Tanks may be 500bbl cylinder full enclosed tanks or 72m3+ holding tanks full enclosed. NOTE: All 3 rd party tanks are not to be entered without authorization from the Rig Manager and Operational Management. NOTE: Full hazard assessment will need to be completed along with full disclosure of the fluids that were previously inside. NOTE: An emergency response plan will need to be developed prior to entry and communicated to crew members. All response equipment will need to be readily accessible.

11 Other Areas Additional areas may be encountered on drilling locations. If there are any questions on whether an area, equipment, etc is considered a confined space, contact with Driller, Rig Manager and/or Operational Management. Company policies, practices and procedures must be followed to ensure proper controls are put in place for any confined space that are identified other that the ones listed in this section. 4.0 Work Involving Confined Space Entry Tasks involving confined space entry will be determined on what stage of operation, events during a well such as unplanned maintenance or other varying factors. Typical reasons for entering a confined space include: Cleaning Inspecting equipment, piping or integrity of structure General or corrective maintenance Installing new or replace equipment inside spaces Installing new valves, piping, screens etc. Rescuing workers who are injured, incapacitated or overcome while inside a confined space 5.0 Identified Hazards Each confined space entry identified has its own characteristics and hazards common or unique to it. The following will provide guidance and clarity in identification of the specific areas on each location. NOTE: However, since circumstances may change in the field and policy, practices, and procedures may not be able to reflect current environment and operational situations. Prejob hazard assessments must be done prior to entering each confined space. See follow pages for identified hazards and controls.

12 12 AREA HAZARDS CONTROL Fluid Volume/Concentration - Purging and continuous Restricted Access ventilation Non-organic material - Permitting system Size & Location - Authorized Restricted Circulating system access Restricted access for rescue - Lock out circulating system operations & equipment - Disconnect & plug High concentration of discharge lines chemical exposure - Remove all fuel based Fuel Tank Combination bldg Restricted air flow liquids Poor lighting & visibility - Emergency response plan - Intrinsically safe lighting Explosive/flammable and tools & non-spark atmosphere tools Work at height (outside) - Emergency response PPE restrictions for equipment at the entrance breathing apparatus - Continuous atmospheric (restricted access door) monitoring - Continuous Man Watch Fuel Tank Boiler Fluid Volume/Concentration Restricted Access Non-organic material Size & Location Circulating system Restricted access for rescue operations & equipment High concentration of chemical exposure Restricted air flow Poor lighting & visibility Explosive/flammable atmosphere Work at height (outside) PPE restrictions for breathing apparatus (restricted access door) - Proper PPE - Purging and continuous ventilation - Permitting system - Authorized Restricted access - Lock out circulating system - Disconnect & plug discharge lines - Remove all fuel based liquids - Emergency response plan - Intrinsically safe lighting and tools & non-spark tools - Emergency response equipment at the entrance - Continuous atmospheric monitoring - Continuous Man Watch - Proper PPE

13 13 AREA HAZARDS CONTROL Restricted Access Organics Size & Location Overhead Equipment Water Tank Doghouse Circulating system Restricted access for rescue operations & equipment Poor lighting (non-daylight hours) Fluid Volume/Concentration Restricted Access Non-organic material Size & Location Circulating system Restricted access for rescue operations & equipment Water Tank Boiler Medium-High concentration of chemical exposure (Boiler compound) Restricted air flow Poor lighting & visibility Work at height (outside) PPE restrictions for breathing apparatus (restricted access door) - Permitting system - Lock out circulating system - Disconnect & plug discharge lines - Emergency response plan - Pre-entry atmospheric monitoring - Continuous Man Watch - Proper PPE - Purging and continuous ventilation - Permitting system - Authorized Restricted access - Lock out circulating system - Emergency response plan - Intrinsically safe lighting and tools & non-spark tools - Emergency response equipment at the entrance - Continuous atmospheric monitoring - Proper PPE - Continuous Man Watch

14 14 AREA HAZARDS CONTROL Fluid Volume/Concentration Restricted Access Organic & Non-organic material Size & Location Circulating system Restricted access for rescue operations & equipment Medium-High concentration of chemical exposure (Boiler compound) Mud Tanks Flare Tank Restricted air flow (compartment sizes) Poor lighting & visibility (inside) Work at height (outside) PPE restrictions for breathing apparatus or CSE harness & equipment (restricted access door, piping, and equipment) Fluid volumes in adjoining tanks Agitation of fluids Overhead hazards on grating Entanglement of PPE-body harness and retrieval line Fluid Volume/Concentration Restricted Access Organics & Non-organic material Size & Location Overhead Equipment Restricted access for rescue operations & equipment Mid-High concentration of chemical exposure Poor lighting (non-daylight hours) - Purging and continuous ventilation - Permitting system - Authorized Restricted access - Lock out circulating system - Lock out Agitators - Isolation of compartment(s) - Emergency response plan - Intrinsically safe lighting and tools & non-spark tools - Emergency response equipment at the entrance - Continuous atmospheric monitoring - Continuous Man Watch - Proper PPE - Keep grating overhead clear of debris - Use of non-sparking, intrinsically safe tools and equipment as necessary - Proper deployment of retrieval line - Permitting system - Lock out circulating system - Disconnect & plug discharge lines - Remove all fuel based liquids - Emergency response plan - Pre-entry atmospheric monitoring - Continuous Man Watch

15 15 AREA HAZARDS CONTROL Fluid Volume/Concentration - Permitting system Restricted Access - Lock out circulating system Organics & Non-organic material - Disconnect & plug discharge lines Size & Location - Emergency response plan Overhead Equipment - Pre-entry and continuous Pits/Sump Restricted access for rescue atmospheric monitoring operations & equipment - Continuous Man Watch Mid-High concentration of - Proper PPE chemical exposure Poor lighting (non-daylight hours) Unauthorized Access Fluid Volume - Permitting system Restricted Access (depending on conditions) Organics & Non-organic - Emergency response plan material - Proper PPE Size & Location - Proper lighting in nondaylight hours Overhead Equipment Tank Farms Low-High concentration of chemical exposure Poor lighting (non-daylight hours) Unplanned release of fluid from tanks Invert Tanks No Unauthorized Access No Unauthorized Access Other No Unauthorized Access No Unauthorized Access

16 Worker Training Requirements Operational Management will ensure that personnel are properly trained before working in confined spaces. Training will be completed through 3 rd party training services in conjunction with company policy, practices and procedures. Basic and advanced confined space training will be carried with 3 rd party training service providers. These courses should cover all general aspects of confined space entry. The advanced training will have a practical entry and rescue element to allow employees more hands on experience when dealing with these spaces in a controlled environment. Breathing apparatus will be provided for hazardous entry situations for practical experience for employees. Internal company training will include training on Chinook s confined space code of practice and specific entry procedures, emergency equipment use, along with lockout & isolation practices. 7.0 Entry Permit System Work Permits are devised to protect the employee and all personnel at the rig. Not to follow the permit or the set guidelines within the permit jeopardizes the health and well being of all. The permits are to cover and explain all hazards. The set procedures and hazard awareness within the permit are to be followed by those involved and to be recognized by those who are not directly involved (but present at the work site). 7.1 Types of Permits Along with confined space entry other work may require permit identification. The following information will ensure permit aspects are covered. Additional safe work permitting information can be found in the Chinook Drilling Health Safety and Environment Manual, Section C.3 Rules and Work Procedures, Hot Permit Hot work permit will be required when activity that has the potential to cause or involve open flame, potential sparking characteristics; and may involve the use of a subcontractor; causing ignition of a combustible substance or material. Examples: Any welding within 50 meters of the rig once drilled past the shoe on a critical or sour well.

17 17 Any welding within 50 meters of the rig once drilled past the shoe on an underbalanced well. Any welding within 50 meters of the rig while drilling with hydrocarbon based fluids. Any welding within 50 meters of the rig while drilling or once exposed to possible gas formations. Electrical repair Cold Permit Work that does not have the potential of causing ignition of a combustible but does represent above average hazard potential. Examples: Working in a confined space without direct or constant supervision - cleaning tanks. Working in an area with the potential exposure to hazardous levels of H2S, LEL's and oxygen (mud tanks). Electrical repair Confined Space Permit Work involving entry into confined or restricted space that has minor or major hazardous characteristics where employees may be required to occupy. 7.2 Obtaining Permit Requirements Hot Work Permits Hot Work Permits are to be initiated by the Rig Manager and all concerned or potentially affected by the work covered in the permit must be notified. This is accomplished by: Holding a Pre-Job Safety Meeting Posting the permit in the Doghouse Having the permit acknowledged/signed by the Consultant Giving a copy to the subcontractor to hold in his possession Faxing a copy of the permit to Calgary operations.

18 18 The permit issuer must be sure that the work situation identified on the permit is as described and that any measurements that are taken (LEL O2 H2S etc...) must be taken by the Rig Manager (Permit Issuer). Hot permits must complete all sections on the permit and measurements of LEL, H2S and O2 must be taken prior and during the execution of the permit Cold Work Permits Cold Work Permits are to be acknowledged/initiated by the user of the permit and by either the Rig Manager and/or Driller. Only those individuals on the crew need to be aware of the situation. A copy is to be posted in the Doghouse and a Safety Meeting may be necessary if a subcontractor is used. Rig Repair Permits are to be issued and administered in the same fashion as the Cold Work Permits Confined Space Work Permits Permits will outline all aspects of the confined space to be entered along with the work to be completed. Permits will be obtained from the driller. Driller will ensure the all necessary information has been included and testing of atmospheric conditions has been completed prior to signing off his authorization to enter the space. In the absence of the Driller the Rig Manager must complete these duties and authorize the entry. This process works conjunction with the hot & cold work permit systems and will be included on same permit form. 8.0 Critical Job Procedures Critical job procedures will be required to be written, reviewed and revised. Any location that has a confined space must have critical job procedures for each type of space. These procedures must be readily available on each work location for review by employees that will execute the work on that site. 9.0 Testing the Atmosphere When spaces are known to have hazardous products, materials or equipment testing will be required to be completed before each entry to ensure employee safety. The following section will outline the process for testing atmospheric testing.

19 Pre Entry Atmospheric Testing Pre entry testing will be completed for entry into spaces that have hazardous atmospheres. Each province has their own legislation requiring pre entry testing in order to determine levels of harmful substances. Pre entry testing must be done not more than 20 minutes before worker entry. If the worker leaves for longer than 20 minutes than testing must be completed again. All pre entry testing results must be recorded on the permit form. After the entry is completed the form must be submitted to the Rig Manager. The copies must be sent to the operations office and kept on file for 1 year if no incidents occur and 2 years in the case of an incident occurring. SUBSTANCE MEASUREMENT RANGE Oxygen % LEL (Lower Explosive Limit) Cold Work- (0 20%) Hot Work- (0 10%) Airborne Toxins < OEL < 50% OEL x OEL (Respiratory Selection) Other Hazardous Materials Based on Hazard Assessment & Type of Work 9.2 Monitoring- Continuous and Re-Testing If the hazard assessment identifies that the atmosphere is hazardous or potential for the atmosphere to turn hazardous because of work activities or other factors, then pre-entry and continuous monitoring must be done. All pre entry testing results must be recorded on the permit form. After the entry is completed the form must be submitted to the Rig Manager. The copies must be sent to the operations office and kept on file for 1 year if no incidents occur and 2 years in the case of an incident occurring.

20 Flammable Atmospheres If during the pre-entry testing a lower explosive limit (LEL) of 20% or higher is detected, then no entry permit can be issued. Ventilation or purging of the space must be completed in lower the LEL below 20% and into acceptable range. If it is determined that flammable atmosphere may occur then all precautions must be taken to eliminate the risks for safe entry and no potential for ignition while working in the space. If the LEL is greater than 20% then no worker will be allowed to enter the space. All pre entry testing results must be recorded on the permit form. After the entry is completed the form must be submitted to the Rig Manager. The copies must be sent to the operations office and kept on file for 1 year if no incidents occur and 2 years in the case of an incident occurring Electrical Equipment All electrical equipment must be intrinsically safe. If there is a wet environment, then the equipment must be plugged into a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI). All tools and equipment must be CSA approved as intrinsically safe Torches & Hoses When practical, torches and hoses used for welding, brazing, or cutting must be removed from the space, or disconnected from their source when not in use Non-Sparking Tools Only non-sparking tools may be used in a space that may have a flammable atmosphere Compressed Cylinders No compressed gas cylinders are allowed in a confined space with the exception of the following: Breathing Air Cylinders Medical Resuscitation Equipment Fire Extinguishers

21 Ventilation, Purging and Inerting If pre-entry testing indicates a hazardous atmosphere exists or there may be potential for the development of hazardous conditions after work begins, then ventilation, purging or inerting the atmosphere must be completed Ventilation Ventilation will be the primary form of assisted control of atmosphere on our locations. The use of mechanical ventilation fans will be authorized when it is required following the pre-entry hazard assessment and potential or existing hazardous atmospheres are present. The airflow must be sufficient enough to ensure air exchange remains constant and any hazardous substances are removed from the area before or/and during work in the confined space. Air that is being exchanged back into the confined space must be drawn from an uncontaminated area. Chinook Drilling will ensure that sufficient equipment is provided to ensure the atmosphere can be maintained. An evacuation plan will be developed to ensure if ventilation equipment fails, workers can be alerted and leave the confined space safely Purging Purging is the removal of a substance by replacing it with another substance, for example steam, water or inert gases such as nitrogen are common. Depending on the substance used to purge, ventilation may be required prior to entry. NOTE: if ventilation and purging is ineffective in eliminating the hazard, workers entering the space must use PPE appropriate for the conditions Inerting In order to eliminate any sources of ignition it may be necessary to introduce inert gases to the confined space atmosphere. Inert gases will eliminate any possibility of flammability or explosive reactions. Examples of inert gases are; Nitrogen, Carbon Dioxide. An inert atmosphere would be harmful for employee. If necessary Chinook Drilling will ensure the following items are in place for employee protection while working: 1. Every worker is equipped with a supplied air breathing apparatus 2. All ignition sources are controlled 3. The atmosphere stays inert while the workers are inside.

22 22 In British Columbia, if an inert environment is necessary, WorksafeBC must be notified at least 7 days prior to entry in writing along work procedures to follow. Any additional recommendations from WorksafeBC will be followed upon review of submitted materials. An evacuation plan will be developed to ensure if ventilation equipment fails, workers can be alerted and leave the confined space safely Isolation To ensure that worker entry is protected against any harmful substances that may enter a confined space, the space must be isolated at all times while in the space. When harmful materials are in adjacent holding compartments, travel through or have the possibility of suction or discharge from the confined space, all points must be identified and isolated. This will be required to be confirmed during the pre-entry activities by a competent person. All isolation points must be identified to ensure any possibility of release into the space is eliminated during the period of the entry for work Double Block and Bleed Double block and bleed method allows for additional safety and discharge of material from piping. This would be most common method of isolation used and works in conjunction with the lock out program. 2 valves are closed and locked in that position. A 3 rd valve would be opened to allow any discharge the initial valve before reaching the secondary valve and relieve and pressure in the primary valve fails. The image below shows an example for double block and bleed.

23 Blanking or Blinding In some cases where valves cannot used to isolate then blanking or blinding transfer piping lines will be required according to regulations in each province of operation. Substances on a Rig that travel through these lines are drilling fluids, water, steam, diesel fuel, air or other chemicals for various critical operations. The blanks or blinds must be pressure rated and certified by a professional engineer. The image below shows an example for blanking or blinding a line. NOTE: When operating in British Columbia, a list of the location of all isolation points must available for review. All points must be verified to ensure isolation is complete prior to entry into the space. Ensure the isolation points are listed on the entry permit and signatures for verification of isolation by a supervisor Emergency Response For all identified confined spaces there must be an emergency response procedure in place prior to entry. Each location will have specific procedures in place for rescue. The following information will outline the details required in the specific aspects to ensure safety of rescuers and proper response to possible victims Training Any employee required to enter a confined space will be trained. Training will be carried out by 3 rd party training suppliers and on location for company specific procedures. 3 rd party training will require having practical rescue section. Rig Manager, Driller and Derrickhand will receive 3 rd party confined space training. Motorhands that will relieve and fill derrickhand positions will be required to complete the training course as well. Onsite training will include the review of the Chinook Drilling Confined Space Code of Practice, Critical Job Procedures related to confined space work, emergency response procedures for confined space. Along with review of written materials participation in rescue drills will be required.

24 Equipment Sufficient equipment will be purchased and available at each Chinook Drilling location that will or may perform confined space work and rescue. The following will be the minimum pieces that will be available on site at all times x Full Body Harness 2. 2 x Taglines (50 minimum) 3. 1 x Tripod or Davit Arm Assembly 4. 1 x Tripod or Davit Arm Winch (100 of cable w/ double action hook) 5. 1 x First Responders Kit (Spine board, neck and extremities immobilization) 6. 4 x Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) 7. 4 x Spare SCBA Cylinders 8. 1 x Air Horn Canister (120dba +) 9. 2 x Gas Detection Monitors (1 will be equipped with an air draw pump) All employee required to participate in a rescue must be trained in all equipment listed above and show proper use of equipment during training sessions. All equipment must be available near the confined space when work is being performed inside. When being stored the location should be clearly marked and unobstructed. Other equipment may be required to perform work. These general requirements will outlined through other elements of the Chinook Drilling Health and Safety Program Critical Job Procedures Each location that will require entry into an identified confined space will have a critical job procedure written which will include means of rescue, emergency contacts and numbers.. Procedures must be reviewed prior to entry and rescue personnel notified. If at any time the following conditions are encountered the confined space must be evacuated immediately: 1. Alarm is sounded 2. If concentration of oxygen inside the confined space drops below 19.5% by volume or exceeds 23% by volume 3. If there is a significant change in the amount of hazardous substances inside the confined space All other specific rescue procedures will be found in the Chinook Drilling Emergency Response Manual. This will be located in the doghouse on each Rig location or a generally acceptable area when working in shop locations.

25 Types of Rescue CSA Z /Management of Work in Confined Spaces describes 4 basic types of rescue from a confined space. 1. Self Rescue- Entrant is physically capable of exiting the confined space without assistance. This rescue is used when there is early notification. 2. External Rescue-where the rescuers do not enter the confined space, but a retrieval system is used to extract the entrant. This type of rescue can be used when the entrance is large enough to extract the entrant and the path out is straight up or out horizontally. The path must be free of obstructions and the rescue must not aggravate any injuries. 3. Entry Rescue- where the rescuers enter the confined space to retrieve the entrant. This type of rescuer is required when: a. There is an uneven floor surface b. The entrant is injured and moving them without stabilizing their injuries may cause further injury c. The entrant is injured and will have to be extracted more than 3m horizontally d. The pathway is obstructed e. The entrant is un-tethered 4. *IDLH Entry Rescue- a rescue where the *ERT must enter the space to rescue and entrant exposed to an IDLH or unknown atmosphere, or another immediately dangerous condition. This is the only rescue where the principle of life over limb may be used. NOTE: *Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health *Emergency Response Team When developing, reviewing or revising critical job procedures consideration of all rescue types need to be reviewed and included. If some or all of the methods can be used then separate procedures need to written to include the difference in rescue operations.

26 Self Rescue or Evacuation This is the preferred method of getting workers out of a confined space. It works on the premise that if we are monitoring the space sufficiently, we will detect a hazard before it incapacitates or seriously harms a worker(s). There must be effective communication between the tending worker and the entrants. Reason to initiate a Self Rescue: Detection of change in a hazard Observation of signs or symptoms of an exposure to a hazard Failure of a hazard control Identification of an external hazard External or Non-Entry Rescue This is the next best method because it does not expose any rescuers to a hazard. The entrant must wear a full body harness and remain connected to a lifeline at all times. The man watch must have a retrieval system capable of extracting the entrant if they are unable to self rescue. The retrieval system must be set up and functional prior to anyone entering the space. This rescue may be used on both vertical and horizontal rescues. There are limitations to this type of rescue, some of which are; Vertical path is not straight up Uneven floor surface The entrant is injured and moving them without stabilizing and packaging may cause further injury The entrant is injured and will have to be extracted more than 3m horizontally The pathway is obstructed by pipes, cables, wires, baffles, etc. The entrant is un-tethered 13.0 Responsibility of Man Watch Person The man watch person must be trained in the Chinook Drilling Confined Space Entry Code of Practice. The man watch person will be required to assist completion of safe work permits. NOTE: If changes occur in nature of work being performed or other changes such as PPE required, then the permit will need to be updated and authorized by the Driller or Rig Manager before work can continue. These changes will need to be made by both entrant and man watch person.

27 Low Hazard Atmosphere A man watch person must be assigned and there must be continuous means of summoning the man watch person. The man watch person must check on the worker(s) inside the space at least every 20 minutes. An air horn must be nearby to notify rescuers immediately if needed in emergency situations Moderate Hazard Atmosphere A man watch person(s) must be assigned and located at or near the entry to the confined space at all times during worker entry. There must be continuous means of summoning the man watch person(s) from inside the space at all times. The man watch person must visually observe or monitor the worker(s) inside the space at least every 20 minutes. An air horn must be nearby to notify rescuers immediately if needed in emergency situations High Hazard Atmosphere In cases of high hazard atmosphere entries, a man watch person(s) must be assigned and located at the entry to the confined space at all times during worker entry. The man watch person must continuously monitor activities and well being of the workers inside at all times. There must be continuous means of summoning the man watch person(s) from inside the space at all times. If rescue is required, then man watch person will be equipped with means to extract the worker(s) immediately using lift equipment or performing other duties of the rescuers. An air horn must be nearby to notify additional rescuers immediately if needed in emergency situations Documentation Chinook Drilling will retain records for work in confined spaces for a period of one year for non-incident entries and two years for entries where incidents occur. The following documents will be retained on file for the above stated period: Safe Work Permits Pre Job Safety Meetings Job Safety Analysis Incident Investigation documentation and related materials Emergency Drills

28 Definitions 15.1 Alberta OHS Regulations, Part 1 Definitions and General Application Certified by a professional engineer means stamped and signed by a professional engineer as described in section 14 Competent in relation to a person, means adequately qualified, suitably trained and with sufficient experience to safely perform work without supervision or with only a minimal degree of supervision; Confined Space means a restricted space which may become hazardous to a worker entering it because of an atmosphere that is or may be injurious by reason of oxygen deficiency or enrichment, flammability, explosivity, or toxicity, a condition or changing set of circumstances within the space that presents a potential for injury or illness, or the potential or inherent characteristics of an activity which can produce adverse or harmful consequences within the space; Contaminant means a chemical, biological or radiological material in a concentration that will likely endanger the health and safety of a worker if it is inhaled, ingested or absorbed; Contaminated means affected by the presence of a harmful substance on workers or at the work site in a quantity sufficient to pose a risk to health; Contaminated Environment means a work site that contains or may contain a contaminant; Controlled Product means a product, material or substance specified by the regulations made under paragraph 15(1)(a) of the Hazardous Products Act (Canada) as being included in any of the classes listed in Schedule II to the Hazardous Products Act (Canada); CSA means Canadian Standards Association; Dba means a measure of sound level in decibels using a reference sound pressure of 20 m icropascals when measured on the A weighting network of a sound level meter;

29 29 Emergency Response Plan means the emergency response plan required under Part 7; Equipment means a thing used to equip workers at a work site and includes tools, supplie s, machinery, instruments and sanitary facilities; Explosive means a chemical compound or mixture that by fire, friction, impact, percussio n or detonation may cause a sudden release of gases at a pressure capable of producing destructive effects to adjacent objects or of killing or injuring a person; Explosive atmosphere means an atmosphere that contains a substance in a mixture with air, under atmospheric conditions and at a concentration between the substance s lower explosive limit and upper explosive l imit, and is capable of producing destructive effects to adjacent objects or of killing or injuri ng a person; Flammable Liquid means a liquid with a flash point below 37.8 C, and a vapour pressure of not more than kilopascals (absolute), as determined by ASTM Standard D323 06, Standard Test Method for Vapour Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method); Flammable Substance means a flammable gas or liquid, the vapour of a flammable or combustible liquid, dust that can create an explosive atmosphere when suspended in air in ignitable concentrations, or ignitable fibres; Hazard means a situation, condition or thing that may be dangerous to the safety or health of workers; Hazard Assessment means an assessment made in accordance with sections 7 or 21; Hazardous Energy in Part 15 means electrical, mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, chemical, nuclear, thermal, gravitational, or any other form of energy That could cause injury due to the unintended motion, energizing, start up or release of such stored or residual energy in machinery, equipment, piping, Pipelines or process systems;

30 30 Hot work means work in which a flame is used or sparks or other sources of ignition may be produced, including: cutting, welding, burning, air gouging, riveting, drilling, grinding and chipping, using electrical equipment not classified for use in a hazardous location, introducing a combustion engine to a work process; Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH) means circumstances in which the Atmosphere is deficient in oxygen or the concentration of a harmful substance in the Atmosphere is an immediate threat to life, may affect health irreversibly, may have future adverse effects on health, or may interfere with a worker s ability to escape from a dangerous atmosphere; Inerting means to intentionally flood the atmosphere inside a confined space With an inert gas to eliminate the hazard of igniting flammable vapours; Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) means the lower value of the range of concentrations of a substance, in a mixture with air, at which the substance may ignite; Occupational Exposure Limit (OEL) with respect to a substance, means the occupational exposure limit established in Schedule 1, Table 2 for that substance; Personal Protective Equipment means equipment or clothing worn by a person for protection from health or safety hazards associated with conditions at a work site; Professional Engineer means a professional engineer under the Engineering, Geological and Geophysical Professions Act; Purge means to remove a substance by displacing it with another substance; Restricted Space means an enclosed or partially enclosed space, not designed or intended for continuous human occupancy, that has a restricted, limited or impeded means of entry or exit because of its construction;

31 Saskatchewan OHS Regulations, Part XVIII Confined Space Entry Confined Space means an enclosed or partially enclosed space that: is not primarily designed or intended for human occupancy, except for the purpose of performing work; and has restricted means of entrance and exit; Hazardous Confined Space means a confined space that is or may become hazardous to a worker entering the confined space due to: the design, construction or atmosphere of the confined space; the materials or substances in the confined space; the work activities or processes used in the confined space; or any other conditions relating to the confined space; Isolate means to physically interrupt or disconnect pipes, lines and sources of energy from a confined space 15.3 WorkSafeBC OHS Regulations, Part 9 Confined Spaces Adjacent Piping means a device such as a pipe, line, duct or conduit which is connected to a confined space or is so located as to allow a substance from within the device to enter the confined space; Blank means a solid plate installed through the cross-section of a pipe, usually at a flanged connection; Blanking or Blinding means the absolute closure of adjacent piping, by fastening across its bore a solid plate or cap that completely covers the bore and that is capable of withstanding the maximum pressure of the adjacent piping; Blind means a solid plate installed at the end of a pipe which has at that point been physically disconnected from a piping system; Clean respirable air when used to describe the atmosphere inside a confined space, means an atmosphere which is equivalent to clean, outdoor air and which contains (a) About 20.9% oxygen by volume, (b) No measurable flammable gas or vapour as determined using a combustible gas measuring instrument, and (c) No air contaminant in concentrations exceeding either 10% of its applicable exposure limit in Part 5 (Chemical Agents and Biological Agents) (WorksafeBC OHS Regulation Reference) or an acceptable ambient air quality standard established by an authority having jurisdiction over environmental air standards, whichever is greater;

32 32 Confined space except as otherwise determined by the Board, means an area, other than an underground working, that (a) is enclosed or partially enclosed, (b) Is not designed or intended for continuous human occupancy, (c) has limited or restricted means for entry or exit that may complicate the provision of first aid, evacuation, rescue or other emergency response service, and (d) is large enough and so configured that a worker could enter to perform assigned work; Disconnecting means physically disconnecting adjacent piping from a confined space to prevent its contents from entering the space in the event of discharge; Double Block and Bleed means the closure of adjacent piping by locking out a drain or vent in the open position in the line between 2 locked out valves in the closed position; Harmful Substance means a WHMIS controlled product, a substance referred to under section 5.48 (WorksafeBC OHS Regulation Reference), or a substance which may have a harmful effect on a worker in a confined space; Inerting means intentionally flooding the atmosphere inside a confined space with an inert gas such as nitrogen to eliminate the hazard of ignition of flammable vapours inside the confined space but thereby creating an oxygen deficient atmosphere; High Hazard Atmosphere means an atmosphere that may expose a worker to risk of death, incapacitation, injury, acute illness or otherwise impair the ability of the worker to escape unaided from a confined space, in the event of a failure of the ventilation system or respirator; Low Hazard Atmosphere means an atmosphere which is shown by pre-entry testing or otherwise known to contain clean respirable air immediately prior to entry to a confined space and which is not likely to change during the work activity, as determined by a qualified person after consideration of the design, construction and use of the confined space, the work activities to be performed, and all engineering controls required by this Regulation; Moderate Hazard Atmosphere means an atmosphere that is not clean respirable air but is not likely to impair the ability of the worker to escape unaided from a confined space, in the event of a failure of the ventilation system or respirator.