Modeling an Ascending Nitrogen Gas Bubble in a Medium Crude Oil by Lattice Boltzmann Method

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Modeling an Ascending Nitrogen Gas Bubble in a Medium Crude Oil by Lattice Boltzmann Method"

Transcription

1 Fluid Mechanics 2018; 4(1): doi: /j.fm ISSN: (Print); ISSN: (Online) Research/Technical Note Modeling an Ascending Nitrogen Gas Bubble in a Medium Crude Oil by Lattice Boltzmann Method Carolina del Valle Silva 1, *, Luque Montilla Jesús Miguel 2 1 Department of Strategic Research Production, Intevep, Los Teques, Venezuela 2 Department of Reservoir Studies, IOR Gas Injection Laboratory, Los Teques, Venezuela address: * Corresponding author To cite this article: Carolina del Valle Silva, Luque Montilla Jesús Miguel. Modeling an Ascending Nitrogen Gas Bubble in a Medium Crude Oil by Lattice Boltzmann Method. Fluid Mechanics. Vol. 4, No. 1, 2018, pp doi: /j.fm Received: October 20, 2017; Accepted: December 19, 2017; Published: January 19, 2018 Abstract: The study and modeling of oil biphasic systems, liquid-liquid and liquid-gas, focus mainly on the details of the modifications and application of the numerical methods itself. The correspondence between theoretical and experimental results and the information needed to apply a certain numerical method, usually remain in the background. On the other hand, in the particular case of the prediction of minimum miscibility pressure, extremely important parameter in oil exploration, references that show qualitative and numerical data associated with the characterization of the systems are scarce. The above reasons motivated the realization of this work. We used the Lattice Boltzmann Equation method to model a two-dimensional system of the displacement of a nitrogen gas bubble through a medium crude oil, under different pressure conditions keeping the temperature constant. According to experimental data, the bubble is not miscible by the crude, under a pressure range of 5000 psi to 6500 psi; nevertheless, the bubble is miscible in the range of 7000 psi to 7500 psi. Throughout simulations performed under similar conditions, we showed that it can be inferred the critical pressure range of miscibility of a medium crude oil. Keywords: LBE Method, Minimum Miscibility, Pressure, Gas Bubble 1. Introduction The Lattice Boltzmann Equation (LBE) method is based on representation of particles collections as a unity. Considering that the behavior of the macroscopic fluid arises from the collective behavior of many microscopic particles, at the same time it allows to build simplified kinetic models which contain the essence of the microscopic processes; thus enabling the average macroscopic properties obey macroscopic equations associated. Particles collections properties are represented statistically by a distribution function, as shown in the central figure of Figure 1 [1, 2]. Figure 1. Schematic representation of several simulation techniques for fluids at different scales.

2 Fluid Mechanics 2018; 4(1): The LBE method treats the fluid as a set of coarse-grained fictitious particles, represented by distribution functions, confined to a network where through two processes, the diffusion across network connections and process of collision to the network nodes, the dynamics of the system is performed [1, 2]. During evolution of the system, some of these particles collide, interact with others and spread, moving along specific network addresses to neighboring nodes. The number of addresses and connections between nodes depends on the arrangement of the network. The method applies the discretization of space, time and speed to describe fluid evolution [1, 2]. In the LBE method, a large number of small particles moving with random motions represent gases and fluids. The exchange of momentum and energy is achieved through particle streaming and particle collision. This process can be modeled by the Boltzmann transport equation, defined as [3, 4]: f + v. f = Ω t where f is the particle distribution function, v is the particle velocity, and Ω is the collision operator. The LBE method idea is to reduce the number of particle by confining them to the nodes of a lattice. For a two dimensional model, like the well-known square lattice scheme D2Q9, which was chosen in this work, a particle is restricted to stream in a possible of 9 directions, including the one staying at rest, involves 9 velocity vectors, e i. For each particle on the lattice we associate a discrete probability distribution function, fi( x, ei, t ), which describes the probability of streaming in one particular direction [3, 4]. Connections of the distribution function with macroscopic quantities as the density and velocity are defined as follows: 0 i= 0 (1) ρ( x, t) = f ( x, t) (2) 0 i 1 v( x, t) = cfiei (3) ρ i = 0 The method is mainly based on two processes, the streaming (the term on the left), and collision (the term on the right) processes, which are given by: 1 ( x, ce, ) (, ) (, ) eq i t t + t fi x t = fi x t fi ( x, t) τ where τ is considered as the relaxation time toward local equilibrium [3, 4]. Different computational methods are used successfully to model and study liquid systems with gas bubbles, among them one of the most applied is the Lattice Boltzmann method. In this sense, Agarwal et al [5] presented an algorithm for the (4) simulation of a single bubble rising in a stagnant liquid using BGK approximation of Lattice Boltzmann method and Lagrangian particle tracking approach to model the dispersed gas bubble phase. Anderl et al [6] made an improvement to the free surface Lattice Boltzmann method for the simulation of bubbly flows including rupture and breakup of bubbles. Yang and collaborates [7] investigated the bubble dynamics from a systematic and multiscale perspective, probing the behavior of a single bubble, a bubble pair, and a bubble swarm with a Multiple-Relaxation-Time, using this method. Huber et al [8] successfully applied the Lattice Boltzmann method for free surface flows, to model Ostwald ripening and bubble deformation under simple shear flow conditions. Tao Sun and Weizhong Li [9] proposed a three-dimensional hybrid Lattice Boltzmann model to simulate nucleate boiling. On the other hand, E. Khamehchi et al [10] studied two important properties of crude oil, bubble point pressure (Pb) and formation volume factor (Bob) using genetic programming. Following this line of research, our work used a general purpose mesoscopic simulation package, the Lattice Boltzmann Equation (LBE), to model a two dimensional system of the displacement of a nitrogen gas bubble through a medium crude oil, under three different pressure (P) conditions while keeping the temperature (T) constant, in order to estimate the minimum miscibility pressure (MMP). When an oil reservoir cannot be enough productive due to factors such as low bottom-hole pressure, high viscosity of oil, invasion of connate water, between others, an option to raise oil production is to displace a fluid miscible with the crude to reduce oil entrapment by capillary forces, and let increase the volume of oil in surface [11]. In this sense, miscible gas injection processes have become widely used technique for the enhanced oil recovery (EOR) or improved oil recovery (IOR). In miscible gas flooding, the goal is to miscible displaces the trapped oil fractions with the help of gaseous solvent, such as natural gas, enriched natural gas, carbon dioxide, flue gas, methane, nitrogen, among others or a hydrocarbons fluid [12, 13]. To increase the displacement efficiency and improve the oil recovery, the knowledge of minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) is essential. At MMP, the interfacial tension across the interface between the concurrent streams (injected gas or hydrocarbon fluid in contact with the reservoir fluid) approaches zero, which results in potential transfer of molecules across the interface leading to mutual miscibility and homogeneous fluid formation [12]. Miscibility is a term commonly used to refer to the liquids property to mix in all proportions in order to form a homogeneous solution. The MMP is the lowest pressure for which a gas can develop miscibility through a multi-contact process with a given reservoir oil at reservoir temperature. The reservoir to which the process is applied should be operated at or above MMP to develop multi-contact miscibility. Reservoir pressures below MMP result in immiscible displacements and as result in lower oil recoveries [14]. At or above the MMP, miscibility can develop through a

3 16 Carolina del Valle Silva and Luque Montilla Jesús Miguel: Modeling an Ascending Nitrogen Gas Bubble in a Medium Crude Oil by Lattice Boltzmann Method vaporizing process, a condensing process, or depending on the reservoir characteristics, a combination of the two processes. In the vaporization process, intermediate molecular weight hydrocarbons from the crude oil are transferred to the leading edge of the gas front, enabling it to become miscible with the reservoir crude. In the condensing process, the injected gas is enriched with light hydrocarbons. The reservoir oil, left behind the gas front, is enriched by net transfer of the light hydrocarbons from the gas phase into the oil. Enrichment of the reservoir oil proceeds until it becomes miscible with the injected rich gas. In all cases, the MMP determination is essential and in the present day, there are a number of experimental techniques for the determination of MMP like slim tube, vanishing interfacial tension (VIT) and rising bubble apparatus (RBA) [12]. 2. Rising Bubble Experiment The design of the rising bubble model was based on experimental data, obtained from RBA technique implementation by the IOR Gas Injection Laboratory [15]. The RBA consists of a cell gage containing a flat glass tube where oil samples are placed and an injection needle where gas is injected in to the flat glass tube. To simulate reservoir conditions, the glass tube is pressurized using deionized water, and heating plates surrounding the cell are used to regulate temperature. Visual observation of the injected gas bubble behavior is captured by a camera as it rises and moves upward along the oil column. By observing the shape and dissolution behavior of the bubble, the MMP can be determined [16]. A schematic diagram of the RBA experiment is shown in Figure 2. The RBA determines the MMP by adopting a multi-contact miscibility approach. Injected fluid is observed as it moves and rises through an oil column at a set pressure and temperature. If a gas bubble rises through the oil column while maintaining its near-spherical shape, then the pressure is still below MMP. Otherwise, if the injected bubble disperses more rapidly or dissolves instantaneously, the pressure is above the MMP. In the case of the trailing edge of the bubble, noticeably dissolves while the leading edge maintains its spherical shape until it dissolves near the top of the apparatus, the displacement pressure is at or just above the MMP [16]. Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the RBA experiment. P1 is the injection pump and P2 is the receiving pump. The criterion used for modeling a rising gas bubble through a medium crude oil from RBA experimental data is due to this technique provides a reliable estimation of the MMP because the gas loses its interfacial tension and forms a single phase after traveling a short distance through the oil. Moreover, the travel distance represents the multiple contact areas between the oil and gas, which takes place in this studio through a vaporizing process. 3. Theoretical and Experimental Data Model As mentioned before, the research goal was MMP estimate through a two-dimensional model of a nitrogen gas bubble rising through a medium crude oil column. In this case of study, nitrogen gas was selected because it has been positioned as an economical alternative injection gas for gas based enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes. Although the carbon dioxide is known as a very effective agent to displace oil from the reservoir by achieving miscibility through multiple contacts with oil via vaporization and swelling, there are major drawbacks to CO 2 flooding including but not limited to availability and high cost, asphaltene precipitation, corrosion in the well and surface facilities and environmental constraints. Such that, the limitations on cost and availability of CO 2 has made nitrogen a potential candidate for EOR processes, especially for deep and high pressure reservoirs of light and volatile oil where miscible displacement could be achieved [13].

4 Fluid Mechanics 2018; 4(1): On account of this was made a theoretical model in two dimensions, of a cell of 12 mm long (discretized in 30 divisions measure from zero to 120) by 4 mm wide (discretized in 10 divisions measured from zero to 40) inside which the nitrogen gas bubble design with an area of 6.50 mm 2 was added, the edges of the cell are located parallel to x-axis at position zero and 40 of y-axis. The nodes outside bubble region were allocated, density and relaxation times values characteristic of the type of medium crude oil from the Venezuela Furrial field, described in Table 1. Two types of regions were modeled; one describing the nitrogen gas bubble and other representing the crude oil and cell that contains it as to be shown in Figure 2. The system, for a medium crude oil specific gravity of 0.829, was modeled by setting a speed sound of 1300 m/s. Figure 3. Two dimensional model of ascending nitrogen gas bubble system. In order to describe mesophase interactions, was chosen the method of Lishchuk continuum-based interactions [17] and to model the collision type, it was used the BGK with Guo forcing [18]. In the Lishchuk model for single phases and multiple components, the force acting between components a and b (F ab ) is expressed as: F 1 N = g K ρ (5) 2 ab ab ab ab ρ a ρ ρ = ρ + ρ b ab a b Where, g ab is non-zero interaction parameters between the fluid species, K ab is the local curvature from the interface model, which can be determined from spatial gradients of the phase index. The experimental parameters, geometric properties and simulation conditions are displayed in Table 1 and Table 2. Table 1. Experimental data used for model design rising bubble. Experimental data Crude oil origen Furrial Crude oil type Medium crude oil API 25 Specific gravity System temperature 150 C Speed sound 1300 m/s Immiscibility pressure range 5000 psi to 6500 psi Miscibility pressure range 7000 psi to 7500 psi 4. Discussion and Results According to the experimental data of the Reservoir Studies (6) Management Laboratory Gas Injection IOR and Vakili-Nezhaad et al [7], the bubble gas did not change its shape and size when it released in the column of medium crude oil at a constant T of 150 C, within P range of 5000 psi to 6500 psi, indicating that the bubble is not miscible by the medium under these T and P conditions. Figure 4, shows the result of bubble model evaluated at a T of 150 C and P of 5480 psi, which during its displacement through the oil column shown an important size decrease, exhibit an approximate area of 2.96 mm 2, which is 54% lower than the starting area of 6.50 mm 2. Table 2. Simulation parameters to perform the dynamics of the rising bubble system. System properties Space_dimension 2 Discrete_speed 9 Number_of_fluid 2 Number_of_solute 0 Grid_number_x 100 Grid_number_y 40 Grid_number_z 1 Simulation parameters Total_step Equilibration_step Save_span 500 Output format Collision and propagation models Interaction_type Collision_type VTK Lishchuk BGKGuo

5 18 Carolina del Valle Silva and Luque Montilla Jesús Miguel: Modeling an Ascending Nitrogen Gas Bubble in a Medium Crude Oil by Lattice Boltzmann Method area of 0.92 mm 2, about 59% compared to the previous area and 86% compared to the starting area. This result whatever agrees with the IOR Gas Injection Laboratory experimental result, as it is shown in the snapshot of the dynamics, displayed in Figure 8, with a critical P value of 7000 psi, and a similar area change and area reduction about 0.66 mm 2, around 66% compared to previous area. Figure 4. Resulting system from the dynamics performed, by releasing a bubble of nitrogen gas (center), in a column of medium crude oil of 25 API, at a constant temperature of 150 C and pressure of 5480 psi. By increasing the system pressure until 5832 psi, keeping T constant at 150 C, the bubble modified its shape, acquiring a more spherical shape and presented an area reduction of 2.26 mm 2 of about 24% compared to the previous area and 65% compared to the initial area. This behavior is consistent with the experimental result, carried out at a constant T of 150 C and a constant P of 5950 psi, on the IOR Gas Injection Laboratory. In this case, the bubble got an elongated shape, and it showed a perceptible reduction in its size, with an approximate area of 1.96mm 2, very close to the area obtained theoretically, as illustrated in the Figure 5 and 6, wherein are displayed the dynamic snapshots, observed in the theoretically and experimental system. In both instances, pressure conditions were established located in the range of immiscibility. On the other hand, both results show that the bubble has started to be absorbed by the medium. Figure 5. Image of the performed dynamics by releasing a bubble of nitrogen gas (center at left end), into medium crude oil column of 25 API at pressure value of 5832 psi. Figure 6. Image of the dynamic observed in an experimental system of a nitrogen gas bubble (center, left end), releasing into a column filled of medium crude oil of 25 API at a constant temperature of 150 C, and pressure of 5950 psi (Reservoir Studies Management Laboratory Gas Injection IOR, 2016). The result obtained under miscible condition is shown in the Figure 7, which displays the change in shape and size experimented by the gas bubble, when the P value increased to 7170 psi to reach the critical pressure range of miscibility. The bubble got a meaningful surface reduction, presenting an Figure 7. Image of the performed dynamics by releasing a bubble of nitrogen gas (center at left end), into medium crude oil column of 25 API at a pressure of 7170 psi. Figure 8. Image of the dynamic observed in an experimental system of a nitrogen gas bubble (center, left end), releasing into a column filled of medium oil of 25 API at a constant temperature of 150 C and P value of 7000 psi (Reservoir Studies Management Laboratory Gas Injection IOR, 2016). As can be appreciated, when comparing the theoretical and experimental results, performed under similar conditions, through the implementation of the LBE method, it was able to reproduce the dynamic behavior of a rising bubble experiment and estimated the critical pressure range of miscibility. In this particular case, the transit of nitrogen gas bubble into a column filled of medium crude oil of 25 API, at a constant T of 150 C, so that the system pressure was increased until reaching the miscible critical pressure range. 5. Conclusion A representative system of a rising gas bubble experiment, implemented by the IOR Laboratory of PDVSA Intevep, was modeled using a general purpose mesoscopic simulation package, which simulate lattice-gas systems using the Lattice Boltzmann Equation (LBE). The results showed that it was possible to reproduce the dynamic behavior of a nitrogen gas bubble passing through a column filled of medium crude oil, under miscibility and immiscibility pressure conditions, keeping the temperature constant. In the simulations carried out, under immiscible conditions at a pressure of 5480 psi, the bubble kept its shape and it was completely visible throughout its displacement by the oil phase. This was consistent with the experimental pressure range of 5000 to 6500 psi, under which there is no miscibility. By increasing the pressure to 5832 psi, the bubble began to

6 Fluid Mechanics 2018; 4(1): undergo changes in its shape and size, which agree with experimental result. Both results shown that the bubble start to be absorbed by the medium, when de pressure value approaches to the critical immiscibility pressure value. For a pressure of 7170 psi, which is within the experimental range of miscibility pressure, the nitrogen gas bubble experimented a meaningful surface reduction and significant changes in its shape, which was consistent with the experimental changes observed The results obtained showed that it can be inferred the critical pressure range of miscibility into a medium crude oil, using the LBE technique, with a very low computational cost, using two dimensional systems. Acknowledgements We are grateful to IOR Gas Injection Laboratory for allowing us to use its experimental data for the realization of the simulations. This work was supported by PDVSA Intevep. References [1] Mohamad, A. A. (2011) Lattice Boltzmann Method. Fundamentals and Engineering Applications with Computer Codes. Springer. Press: Verlag London Ltd, United Kingdom. [2] Mele. I. (2013). Lattice Boltzmann method. Ljubljana University. [3] Igor, V. M., & Oleg, V. M. (2011). Chapter 2. Application of Lattice Boltzmann Method in Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer. InTechOpen, Janeza Trdine 9, Rijeka, Croatia. Computational Fluid Dynamics Technologies and Applications (pp ). [4] Bill Bao, Y., & Meskas, J. (2011). Lattice Boltmann Method for Fluid Simulations. Retrieved from [5] Agarwala, A., Ravindraa, B., Prakashb, A. (2017). Development of algorithm to model dispersed gas-liquid flow using lattice Boltzmann method. Retrieved from +AND+dispersed+AND+model+AND+to+AND+algorithm+ AND+Development+of/0/1/0/all/0/1 [6] Anderl, D., Bognerb, S., Rauha, C., Rüde, U., Delgado, A. (2016). Free Surface Lattice Boltzmann with Enhanced Bubble Model. Retrieved from e+and+enhanced+and+with+and+boltzmann+and+lat tice+and+free+surface/0/1/0/all/0/1 [7] Yang, N., Shu, S. (2013). Direct Numerical Simulation of Bubble Dynamics Using Phase-Field Model and Lattice Boltzmann Method. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res, 52, [8] Huber, C., Su, Y., Nguyen, C. T., Parmigiani, A., Gonnermann, H. M., Dufek, J. (2013). A new bubble dynamics model to study bubble growth, deformation, and coalescence. AGU. Publications, J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth, 119, [9] Sun, T., Li, W. (2013). Three-dimensional numerical simulation of nucleate boiling bubble by lattice Boltzmann method. Computers and Fluids, 88, [10] Abooali, D., Khamehchi, E. (2016). Toward predictive models for estimation of bubble-point pressure and formation volume factor of crude oil using an intelligent approach. Braz. J. Chem. Eng, 33, [11] Vinci Technologies. (2012). Rising Bubble Apparatus, Minimum Miscibility Pressure Measurement, Operating Manual. Rev 2.0, [12] Vakili-Nezhaad, G., Ahmada, W., Al-Bemani, A. S., & Al-Wahaibi, Y. (2016). Experimental Determination of Minimum Miscibility Pressure. 4th International Conference on Process Engineering and Advanced Materials. Procedia Engineering, 148, [13] Hemmati-Sarapardeh, A., Mohagheghian, E., Fathinasab, M., Mohammadi, A. H. (2016). Determination of minimum miscibility pressure in N 2 -crude oil. Fuel, 182, [14] Elsharkawy, A. M., Suez Canal. U., Poettmann, F. H., & Christiansen, R. L. (1992). Measuring Minimum Miscibility Pressure: Slim-Tube or Rising-Bubble Method?. SPE/DOE Enhanced Oil Recovery Symposium, April, Tulsa, Oklahoma. SPE-DOE 24114, [15] Reservoir Studies Management Laboratory Gas Injection IOR, PDVSA Intevep, Miranda, Venezuela. (2016) [16] Adekunle, O., & Hoffman, B. T. (2016). Experimental and analytical methods to determine minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) for Bakken formation crude oil. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 146: [17] Lishchuk S. V., Care, C. M., & Halliday, I. (2003). Lattice Boltzmann algorithm for surface tension with greatly reduced microcurrents. Physical Review E, 67, [18] Lallemand P., & Li-Shi. L. (2000). Theory of the lattice Boltzmann method: Dispersion, dissipation, isotropy, Galilean invariance, and stability. Physical Review E, 61, Retrieved from: pdf

Carbon Dioxide Flooding. Dr. Helmy Sayyouh Petroleum Engineering Cairo University

Carbon Dioxide Flooding. Dr. Helmy Sayyouh Petroleum Engineering Cairo University Carbon Dioxide Flooding Dr. Helmy Sayyouh Petroleum Engineering Cairo University Properties of CO 2... Properties of CO2... CO2 density increases with:.increasing pressure.decreasing temperature Viscosity

More information

Th CO2 P05 Influencing The CO2-Oil Interaction For Improved Miscibility And Enhanced Recovery In CCUS Projects

Th CO2 P05 Influencing The CO2-Oil Interaction For Improved Miscibility And Enhanced Recovery In CCUS Projects Th CO2 P05 Influencing The CO2-Oil Interaction For Improved Miscibility And Enhanced Recovery In CCUS Projects R. Rommerskirchen 1 * 1 Sasol Germany GmbH Summary In this work the physics of a fluid CO2

More information

Numerical Simulations of a Train of Air Bubbles Rising Through Stagnant Water

Numerical Simulations of a Train of Air Bubbles Rising Through Stagnant Water Numerical Simulations of a Train of Air Bubbles Rising Through Stagnant Water Hong Xu, Chokri Guetari ANSYS INC. Abstract Transient numerical simulations of the rise of a train of gas bubbles in a liquid

More information

International Journal of Petroleum and Geoscience Engineering Volume 03, Issue 01, Pages 56-60, 2015

International Journal of Petroleum and Geoscience Engineering Volume 03, Issue 01, Pages 56-60, 2015 International Journal of Petroleum and Geoscience Engineering Volume 03, Issue 01, Pages ISSN: 2289-4713 Investigation of Under-Saturated Oil Viscosity Correlations under Reservoir Condition; A Case Study

More information

Chapter 8: Reservoir Mechanics

Chapter 8: Reservoir Mechanics PTRT 1472: Petroleum Data Management II Chapter 8: Reservoir Mechanics - Reservoir drives Types of Natural Gas Reservoir Fluids Natural gas is petroleum in a gaseous state, so it is always accompanied

More information

Numerical Investigation of Air Bubbles Evolution and Coalescence from Submerged Orifices Based on OpenFOAM

Numerical Investigation of Air Bubbles Evolution and Coalescence from Submerged Orifices Based on OpenFOAM Numerical Investigation of Air Bubbles Evolution and Coalescence from Submerged Orifices Based on OpenFOAM Pan Feng, He Ying, Li-zhong Mu 2018-7-6 Dalian University of Technology, China Outline Background

More information

Effect of Implementing Three-Phase Flow Characteristics and Capillary Pressure in Simulation of Immiscible WAG

Effect of Implementing Three-Phase Flow Characteristics and Capillary Pressure in Simulation of Immiscible WAG Effect of Implementing Three-Phase Flow Characteristics and Capillary Pressure in Simulation of Immiscible WAG Elisabeth Iren Dale 1,2 and Arne Skauge 1 1 Centre for Integrated Petroleum Research - University

More information

NEW LABORATORY DATA BASED MODELING OF MISCIBLE DISPLACEMENT IN COMPOSITIONAL SIMULATION

NEW LABORATORY DATA BASED MODELING OF MISCIBLE DISPLACEMENT IN COMPOSITIONAL SIMULATION SCA2005-55 1/12 NEW LABORATORY DATA BASED MODELING OF MISCIBLE DISPLACEMENT IN COMPOSITIONAL SIMULATION E. Shtepani, F. B. Thomas, D. B. Bennion, Hycal Energy Research Labs Ltd. This paper was prepared

More information

LOW PRESSURE EFFUSION OF GASES revised by Igor Bolotin 03/05/12

LOW PRESSURE EFFUSION OF GASES revised by Igor Bolotin 03/05/12 LOW PRESSURE EFFUSION OF GASES revised by Igor Bolotin 03/05/ This experiment will introduce you to the kinetic properties of low-pressure gases. You will make observations on the rates with which selected

More information

SIMULATION OF ENTRAPMENTS IN LCM PROCESSES

SIMULATION OF ENTRAPMENTS IN LCM PROCESSES Douai, FRANCE - July 6 SIMULATION OF ENTRAPMENTS IN LCM PROCESSES René Arbter, Paolo Ermanni Centre of Structure Technologies ETH Zurich, Leonhardstr. 7, 89 Zurich, Switzerland: rarbter@ethz.ch ABSTRACT:

More information

Study on the Influencing Factors of Gas Mixing Length in Nitrogen Displacement of Gas Pipeline Kun Huang 1,a Yan Xian 2,b Kunrong Shen 3,c

Study on the Influencing Factors of Gas Mixing Length in Nitrogen Displacement of Gas Pipeline Kun Huang 1,a Yan Xian 2,b Kunrong Shen 3,c Applied Mechanics and Materials Online: 2013-06-13 ISSN: 1662-7482, Vols. 321-324, pp 299-304 doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.321-324.299 2013 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland Study on the Influencing

More information

CO2-EOR simulations in OPM OPM meeting 19 th of October.

CO2-EOR simulations in OPM OPM meeting 19 th of October. CO2-EOR simulations in OPM OPM meeting 19 th of October. Why CO2-EOR? PARIS COP21 IEA: CO2-EOR - a stepping stone for CCS CCS full scale demo in Norway. From: gassnova.no From: Statoil.com Why CO2-EOR

More information

EVALUATING RESERVOIR PRODUCTION STRATEGIES IN MISCIBLE AND IMMISCIBLE GAS-INJECTION PROJECTS

EVALUATING RESERVOIR PRODUCTION STRATEGIES IN MISCIBLE AND IMMISCIBLE GAS-INJECTION PROJECTS EVALUATING RESERVOIR PRODUCTION STRATEGIES IN MISCIBLE AND IMMISCIBLE GAS-INJECTION PROJECTS A Thesis by IMAN FARZAD Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment

More information

LOW PRESSURE EFFUSION OF GASES adapted by Luke Hanley and Mike Trenary

LOW PRESSURE EFFUSION OF GASES adapted by Luke Hanley and Mike Trenary ADH 1/7/014 LOW PRESSURE EFFUSION OF GASES adapted by Luke Hanley and Mike Trenary This experiment will introduce you to the kinetic properties of low-pressure gases. You will make observations on the

More information

SPE Copyright 2001, Society of Petroleum Engineers Inc.

SPE Copyright 2001, Society of Petroleum Engineers Inc. SPE 67232 Sampling Volatile Oil Wells Ahmed H. El-Banbi, SPE, Cairo University/Schlumberger Holditch-Reservoir Technologies, and William D. McCain, Jr., SPE, Texas A&M University Copyright 2001, Society

More information

Air Bubble Departure on a Superhydrophobic Surface

Air Bubble Departure on a Superhydrophobic Surface Air Bubble Departure on a Superhydrophobic Surface A. Kibar 1, R. Ozbay 2, C.H. Choi 2 1 Department of Mechanical and Material Technologies, Kocaeli University, 41285, Kocaeli, Turkey 2 Department of Mechanical

More information

Optimization of Separator Train in Oil Industry

Optimization of Separator Train in Oil Industry Optimization of Separator Train in Oil Industry Pawan jain a M.E. Petroleum Engineering, Maharashtra Institute of Technology, Pune-411038 ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------

More information

Novel empirical correlations for estimation of bubble point pressure, saturated viscosity and gas solubility of crude oils

Novel empirical correlations for estimation of bubble point pressure, saturated viscosity and gas solubility of crude oils 86 Pet.Sci.(29)6:86-9 DOI 1.17/s12182-9-16-x Novel empirical correlations for estimation of bubble point pressure, saturated viscosity and gas solubility of crude oils Ehsan Khamehchi 1, Fariborz Rashidi

More information

States of Matter Review

States of Matter Review States of Matter Review May 13 8:16 PM Physical States of Matter (Phases) Solid Liquid Melting Gas Condensation Freezing Evaporation Deposition Sublimation Sep 13 6:04 PM 1 May 13 8:11 PM Gases Chapter

More information

CFD SIMULATIONS OF GAS DISPERSION IN VENTILATED ROOMS

CFD SIMULATIONS OF GAS DISPERSION IN VENTILATED ROOMS CFD SIMULATIONS OF GAS DISPERSION IN VENTILATED ROOMS T. Gélain, C. Prévost Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Saclay, France Abstract In order to better understand the risks due

More information

Gas injection in a water saturated porous medium: effect of capillarity, buoyancy, and viscosity ratio

Gas injection in a water saturated porous medium: effect of capillarity, buoyancy, and viscosity ratio Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Energy Procedia 37 (213 ) 5545 5552 GHGT-11 Gas injection in a water saturated porous medium: effect of capillarity, buoyancy, and viscosity ratio Tetsuya Suekane

More information

THREE-PHASE UNSTEADY-STATE RELATIVE PERMEABILITY MEASUREMENTS IN CONSOLIDATED CORES USING THREE IMMISCIBLE LIQUIDS

THREE-PHASE UNSTEADY-STATE RELATIVE PERMEABILITY MEASUREMENTS IN CONSOLIDATED CORES USING THREE IMMISCIBLE LIQUIDS SCA2-43 /6 THREE-PHASE UNSTEADY-STATE RELATIVE PERMEABILITY MEASUREMENTS IN CONSOLIDATED CORES USING THREE IMMISCIBLE LIQUIDS Peilin Cao, Shameem Siddiqui 2 Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA This

More information

Experimental Investigation of the Rise Behavior of Live-Oil Droplets during Deep-Sea Oil Spills

Experimental Investigation of the Rise Behavior of Live-Oil Droplets during Deep-Sea Oil Spills Marine Technology Society (MTS) / Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative (GoMRI) Advancing Oil Spill Research Part 2 Webinar, March 13, 2018 Experimental Investigation of the Rise Behavior of Live-Oil Droplets

More information

Effect of Gas-wetness on Gas-water Two-phase Seepage in Visual Microscopic Pore Models

Effect of Gas-wetness on Gas-water Two-phase Seepage in Visual Microscopic Pore Models Copyright 2013 Tech Science Press SL, vol.10, no.1, pp.19-26, 2013 Effect of Gas-wetness on Gas-water Two-phase Seepage in Visual Microscopic Pore Models G. C. Jiang 1,2, M. Zhang 1,2, X. X. Xing 3, S.

More information

Kinetic-Molecular Theory

Kinetic-Molecular Theory GASES Chapter Eleven Kinetic-Molecular Theory! Recall that our only previous description of gases stated that gases completely fill and take the shape of their containers.! The Kinetic-Molecular Theory

More information

The Mechanism Study of Vortex Tools Drainage Gas Recovery of Gas Well

The Mechanism Study of Vortex Tools Drainage Gas Recovery of Gas Well Advances in Petroleum Exploration and Development Vol. 7, No. 1, 214, pp. 62-66 DOI:1.3968/j.aped.1925543821471.1931 ISSN 1925-542X [Print] ISSN 1925-5438 [Online] www.cscanada.net www.cscanada.org The

More information

A07 Surfactant Induced Solubilization and Transfer Resistance in Gas-Water and Gas-Oil Systems

A07 Surfactant Induced Solubilization and Transfer Resistance in Gas-Water and Gas-Oil Systems A07 Surfactant Induced Solubilization and Transfer Resistance in Gas-Water and Gas-Oil Systems R Farajzadeh* (TU Delft), A. Banaei (TU Delft), J. Kinkela (TU Delft), T. deloos (TU Delft), S. Rudolph (TU

More information

Vapour pressure of liquids SURFACE TENSION

Vapour pressure of liquids SURFACE TENSION Vapour pressure of liquids A liquid in a closed container is subjected to partial vapour pressure due to the escaping molecules from the surface; it reaches a stage of equilibrium when this pressure reaches

More information

Flow transients in multiphase pipelines

Flow transients in multiphase pipelines Flow transients in multiphase pipelines David Wiszniewski School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Western Australia Prof. Ole Jørgen Nydal Multiphase Flow Laboratory, Norwegian University of Science

More information

CHEM 355 EXPERIMENT 7. Viscosity of gases: Estimation of molecular diameter

CHEM 355 EXPERIMENT 7. Viscosity of gases: Estimation of molecular diameter CHEM 355 EXPERIMENT 7 Viscosity of gases: Estimation of molecular diameter Expressed most simply, the viscosity of a fluid (liquid or gas) relates to its resistance to flow. The viscosity of a gas is determined

More information

Kinetic Molecular Theory

Kinetic Molecular Theory Kinetic Molecular Theory Name Period Unit 7 HW 1 Worksheet (Goals 1 & 2) 1. Describe how gases, liquids, and solids compare using the following table. Volume (definite or indefinite) Molecular Motion (high,

More information

ISOLATION OF NON-HYDROSTATIC REGIONS WITHIN A BASIN

ISOLATION OF NON-HYDROSTATIC REGIONS WITHIN A BASIN ISOLATION OF NON-HYDROSTATIC REGIONS WITHIN A BASIN Bridget M. Wadzuk 1 (Member, ASCE) and Ben R. Hodges 2 (Member, ASCE) ABSTRACT Modeling of dynamic pressure appears necessary to achieve a more robust

More information

Study on Fire Plume in Large Spaces Using Ground Heating

Study on Fire Plume in Large Spaces Using Ground Heating Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia Engineering 11 (2011) 226 232 The 5 th Conference on Performance-based Fire and Fire Protection Engineering Study on Fire Plume in Large Spaces Using

More information

Modeling of Miscible WAG Injection Using Real Geological Field Data

Modeling of Miscible WAG Injection Using Real Geological Field Data Modeling of Miscible WAG Injection Using Real Geological Field Data Roman Shpak Petroleum Engineering Submission date: April 213 Supervisor: Lars Høier, IPT Co-supervisor: Jon Kleppe, IPT Norwegian University

More information

Technical Note. Determining the surface tension of liquids by measurements on pendant drops

Technical Note. Determining the surface tension of liquids by measurements on pendant drops Technical Note Pendant Drop Measurements Technical note: TN316e Industry section: all Author: FT, TW Date: 12/2010 Method: Drop Shape Analyzer DSA100 Keywords: Methods, surface tension, interfacial tension,

More information

AIRFLOW GENERATION IN A TUNNEL USING A SACCARDO VENTILATION SYSTEM AGAINST THE BUOYANCY EFFECT PRODUCED BY A FIRE

AIRFLOW GENERATION IN A TUNNEL USING A SACCARDO VENTILATION SYSTEM AGAINST THE BUOYANCY EFFECT PRODUCED BY A FIRE - 247 - AIRFLOW GENERATION IN A TUNNEL USING A SACCARDO VENTILATION SYSTEM AGAINST THE BUOYANCY EFFECT PRODUCED BY A FIRE J D Castro a, C W Pope a and R D Matthews b a Mott MacDonald Ltd, St Anne House,

More information

Investigating the Bubble Behavior in Pool Boiling in Microgravity Conditions Thilanka Munasinghe, Member, IAENG

Investigating the Bubble Behavior in Pool Boiling in Microgravity Conditions Thilanka Munasinghe, Member, IAENG Investigating the Bubble Behavior in Pool Boiling in Microgravity Conditions Thilanka Munasinghe, Member, IAENG In space, objects float without falling down. The floating effect happens because of the

More information

MODELING OF THERMAL BEHAVIOR INSIDE A BUBBLE

MODELING OF THERMAL BEHAVIOR INSIDE A BUBBLE CAV2001:sessionB6.002 1 MODEING OF THERMA BEHAVIOR INSIDE A BUBBE Boonchai ERTNUWAT *, Kazuyasu SUGIYAMA ** and Yoichiro MATSUMOTO *** *, ***Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo,

More information

BUBBLE DISTRIBUTION IN A TURBULENT PIPE FLOW Catherine Colin, Dominique Legendre, Jean Fabre

BUBBLE DISTRIBUTION IN A TURBULENT PIPE FLOW Catherine Colin, Dominique Legendre, Jean Fabre BUBBLE DISTRIBUTION IN A TURBULENT PIPE FLOW Catherine Colin, Dominique Legene, Jean Fabre Institut de Mécanique des Fluides de Toulouse, UMR 55 CNRS-INP/UPS Avenue du professeur Camille Soula 314 Toulouse,

More information

Development of Fluid-Structure Interaction Program for the Mercury Target

Development of Fluid-Structure Interaction Program for the Mercury Target Chapter 4 Epoch Making Simulation Development of Fluid-Structure Interaction Program for the Mercury Target Project Representative Chuichi Arakawa Authors Chuichi Arakawa Takuma Kano Ryuta Imai Japan Atomic

More information

4. Using the kinetic molecular theory, explain why a gas can be easily compressed, while a liquid and a solid cannot?

4. Using the kinetic molecular theory, explain why a gas can be easily compressed, while a liquid and a solid cannot? Name Period HW 1 Worksheet (Goals 1-4) - Kinetic Molecular Theory 1. Describe how gases, liquids, and solids compare using the following table. Solids Liquids Gases Volume (definite or indefinite) Molecular

More information

A numerical Euler-Lagrange method for bubble tower CO2 dissolution modeling

A numerical Euler-Lagrange method for bubble tower CO2 dissolution modeling A numerical Euler-Lagrange method for bubble tower CO2 dissolution modeling Author: Daniel Legendre & Prof. Ron Zevenhoven Åbo Akademi University Thermal and Flow Engineering Laboratory Turku, Finland

More information

PETROLEUM & GAS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY (PTT 365) SEPARATION OF PRODUCED FLUID

PETROLEUM & GAS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY (PTT 365) SEPARATION OF PRODUCED FLUID PETROLEUM & GAS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY (PTT 365) SEPARATION OF PRODUCED FLUID Miss Nur Izzati Bte Iberahim Introduction Well effluents flowing from producing wells come out in two phases: vapor and liquid

More information

MEASUREMENT OF CRUDE OIL INTERFACIAL TENSION TO DETERMINE MINIMUM MISCIBILITY IN CARBON DIOXIDE AND NITROGEN

MEASUREMENT OF CRUDE OIL INTERFACIAL TENSION TO DETERMINE MINIMUM MISCIBILITY IN CARBON DIOXIDE AND NITROGEN MEASUREMENT OF CRUDE OIL INTERFACIAL TENSION TO DETERMINE MINIMUM MISCIBILITY IN CARBON DIOXIDE AND NITROGEN by Ibrahim O. Awari-Yusuf Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree

More information

Air Bubble Defects in Dispensing Nanoimprint Lithography

Air Bubble Defects in Dispensing Nanoimprint Lithography Air Bubble Defects in Dispensing Nanoimprint Lithography Abstract We report a theoretical study and dynamic simulation to understand the dynamic behavior of the air bubble defects in Dispensing Nanoimprint

More information

Flow in Porous Media. Module 1.c Fundamental Properties of Porous Media Shahab Gerami

Flow in Porous Media. Module 1.c Fundamental Properties of Porous Media Shahab Gerami Flow in Porous Media Module 1.c Fundamental Properties of Porous Media Shahab Gerami Forces acting on a fluid in a reservoir Capillary forces Viscous forces Gravitational forces Surface Tension Interfacial

More information

Use a Controlled Vibration to Mixing and Separation of a Gas Bubbles and a Liquid Under Reduced and Microgravity Conditions

Use a Controlled Vibration to Mixing and Separation of a Gas Bubbles and a Liquid Under Reduced and Microgravity Conditions ng & Process Technology rijournal of Chemical Enginee Research Article Article Journal of Chemical Engineering & Process Technology Shoikhedbrod, J Chem Eng Process Technol 2016, 7:4 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7048.1000305

More information

Accurate Measurement of Steam Flow Properties

Accurate Measurement of Steam Flow Properties Accurate Measurement of Steam Flow Properties Kewen Li and Roland N. Horne Stanford Geothermal Program, Stanford University (Proceedings of 1999 GRC Annual Meeting on October 17-20, Reno, California, USA)

More information

End of Chapter Exercises

End of Chapter Exercises End of Chapter Exercises Exercises 1 12 are conceptual questions that are designed to see if you have understood the main concepts of the chapter. 1. While on an airplane, you take a drink from your water

More information

3 1 PRESSURE. This is illustrated in Fig. 3 3.

3 1 PRESSURE. This is illustrated in Fig. 3 3. P = 3 psi 66 FLUID MECHANICS 150 pounds A feet = 50 in P = 6 psi P = s W 150 lbf n = = 50 in = 3 psi A feet FIGURE 3 1 The normal stress (or pressure ) on the feet of a chubby person is much greater than

More information

Simulation of Free Surface Flows with Surface Tension with ANSYS CFX

Simulation of Free Surface Flows with Surface Tension with ANSYS CFX Simulation of Free Surface Flows with Surface Tension with ANSYS CFX C. Kurt Svihla, Hong Xu ANSYS, Inc. Abstract Three different test cases involving free surface flows with surface tension were investigated

More information

Improving Conventional Flotation Methods to Treat EOR Polymer Rich Produced Water

Improving Conventional Flotation Methods to Treat EOR Polymer Rich Produced Water Improving Conventional Flotation Methods to Treat EOR Polymer Rich Produced Water Authors: Frank A. Richerand, Frank Richerand II Yoosef Peymani www.envirotechsystems.com OBJECTIVES Compare IGF and DGF

More information

Experiment of a new style oscillating water column device of wave energy converter

Experiment of a new style oscillating water column device of wave energy converter http://www.aimspress.com/ AIMS Energy, 3(3): 421-427. DOI: 10.3934/energy.2015.3.421 Received date 16 April 2015, Accepted date 01 September 2015, Published date 08 September 2015 Research article Experiment

More information

Gas Laws. Introduction

Gas Laws. Introduction Gas Laws Introduction In 1662 Robert Boyle found that, at constant temperature, the pressure of a gas and its volume are inversely proportional such that P x V = constant. This relationship is known as

More information

Development of High-speed Gas Dissolution Device

Development of High-speed Gas Dissolution Device Development of High-speed Gas Dissolution Device Yoichi Nakano*, Atsushi Suehiro**, Tetsuhiko Fujisato***, Jun Ma**** Kesayoshi Hadano****, Masayuki Fukagawa***** *Ube National College of Technology, Tokiwadai

More information

Another convenient term is gauge pressure, which is a pressure measured above barometric pressure.

Another convenient term is gauge pressure, which is a pressure measured above barometric pressure. VACUUM Theory and Applications Vacuum may be defined as the complete emptiness of a given volume. It is impossible to obtain a perfect vacuum, but it is possible to obtain a level of vacuum, defined as

More information

SURPRISING TRENDS ON TRAPPED HYDROCARBON SATURATION WITH WETTABILITY

SURPRISING TRENDS ON TRAPPED HYDROCARBON SATURATION WITH WETTABILITY SCA2007-51 1/6 SURPRISING TRENDS ON TRAPPED HYDROCARBON SATURATION WITH WETTABILITY V. Sander Suicmez 1,2, Mohammad Piri 3 and Martin J. Blunt 2 1 EXPEC Advanced Research Center, Saudi Aramco, Dhahran

More information

Pore-Air Entrapment during Infiltration

Pore-Air Entrapment during Infiltration Pore-Air Entrapment during Infiltration GEO-SLOPE International Ltd. www.geo-slope.com 1200, 700-6th Ave SW, Calgary, AB, Canada T2P 0T8 Main: +1 403 269 2002 Fax: +1 888 463 2239 Introduction Infiltration

More information

Chapter 13 Temperature, Kinetic Theory, and the Gas Laws 497

Chapter 13 Temperature, Kinetic Theory, and the Gas Laws 497 Chapter 13 Temperature, Kinetic Theory, and the Gas Laws 497 Figure 13.25 This photograph of Apollo 17 Commander Eugene Cernan driving the lunar rover on the Moon in 1972 looks as though it was taken at

More information

Experimental study on path instability of rising bubbles

Experimental study on path instability of rising bubbles Experimental study on path instability of rising bubbles V. MOTURI, D. FUNFSCHILLING, J. DUSEK ICube, UMR 7357 Mécanique des fluids,2 rue Boussingault,67000,Strasbourg,France. viswa-maitreyi.moturi@etu.unistra.fr

More information

LEAP CO 2 Laboratory CO 2 mixtures test facility

LEAP CO 2 Laboratory CO 2 mixtures test facility LEAP CO 2 Laboratory CO 2 mixtures test facility THE PROJECT AIM CO 2 flows made available by several capture techniques are contaminated with impurities and this affects the design and operations of the

More information

Workshop 1: Bubbly Flow in a Rectangular Bubble Column. Multiphase Flow Modeling In ANSYS CFX Release ANSYS, Inc. WS1-1 Release 14.

Workshop 1: Bubbly Flow in a Rectangular Bubble Column. Multiphase Flow Modeling In ANSYS CFX Release ANSYS, Inc. WS1-1 Release 14. Workshop 1: Bubbly Flow in a Rectangular Bubble Column 14. 5 Release Multiphase Flow Modeling In ANSYS CFX 2013 ANSYS, Inc. WS1-1 Release 14.5 Introduction This workshop models the dispersion of air bubbles

More information

World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Chemical and Molecular Engineering Vol:7, No:12, 2013

World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Chemical and Molecular Engineering Vol:7, No:12, 2013 Study of the Particle Size Effect on Bubble Rise Velocities in a Three-Phase Bubble Column Weiling Li, Wenqi Zhong, Baosheng Jin, Rui Xiao, Yong Lu, Tingting He Abstract Experiments were performed in a

More information

Lecture Outline Chapter 15. Physics, 4 th Edition James S. Walker. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Lecture Outline Chapter 15. Physics, 4 th Edition James S. Walker. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Lecture Outline Chapter 15 Physics, 4 th Edition James S. Walker Chapter 15 Fluids Density Units of Chapter 15 Pressure Static Equilibrium in Fluids: Pressure and Depth Archimedes Principle and Buoyancy

More information

Numerical simulation of an intermediate sized bubble rising in a vertical pipe

Numerical simulation of an intermediate sized bubble rising in a vertical pipe Computational Methods in Multiphase Flow V 111 Numerical simulation of an intermediate sized bubble rising in a vertical pipe J. Hua 1, S. Quan 2 & J. Nossen 1 1 Department of Process and Fluid Flow Technology,

More information

The Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Gases based on the idea that particles are always in motion

The Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Gases based on the idea that particles are always in motion The Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Gases based on the idea that particles are always in motion Five assumptions: 1. Most of the volume occupied dby a gas is empty space 2. Collisions between gas particles

More information

Pressure Measurement

Pressure Measurement Pressure Measurement Manometers Sensors, Transducers Ashish J. Modi Lecturer, Dept. of Mech.Engg., Shri S.V.M. inst. Of Technology, Bharuch Pressure Pressure is a force per unit area exerted by a fluid

More information

End of Chapter Exercises

End of Chapter Exercises End of Chapter Exercises Exercises 1 12 are conceptual questions that are designed to see if you have understood the main concepts of the chapter. 1. While on an airplane, you take a drink from your water

More information

Procedure 1: Volume vs. Pressure 1.) Using the lap tops, go to the Physics Education Technology from the University of Colorado at:

Procedure 1: Volume vs. Pressure 1.) Using the lap tops, go to the Physics Education Technology from the University of Colorado at: Deriving the Gas Laws Background The gaseous state of matter consists of particles (gas molecules like oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide) which, according to the kinetic theory of gases, are in constant

More information

Gas Pressure. Pressure is the force exerted per unit area by gas molecules as they strike the surfaces around them.

Gas Pressure. Pressure is the force exerted per unit area by gas molecules as they strike the surfaces around them. Chapter 5 Gases Gas Gases are composed of particles that are moving around very fast in their container(s). These particles moves in straight lines until they collides with either the container wall or

More information

Computational Analysis of Oil Spill in Shallow Water due to Wave and Tidal Motion Madhu Agrawal Durai Dakshinamoorthy

Computational Analysis of Oil Spill in Shallow Water due to Wave and Tidal Motion Madhu Agrawal Durai Dakshinamoorthy Computational Analysis of Oil Spill in Shallow Water due to Wave and Tidal Motion Madhu Agrawal Durai Dakshinamoorthy 1 OUTLINE Overview of Oil Spill & its Impact Technical Challenges for Modeling Review

More information

METHOD 25A - DETERMINATION OF TOTAL GASEOUS ORGANIC CONCENTRATION USING A FLAME IONIZATION ANALYZER

METHOD 25A - DETERMINATION OF TOTAL GASEOUS ORGANIC CONCENTRATION USING A FLAME IONIZATION ANALYZER 1250 METHOD 25A - DETERMINATION OF TOTAL GASEOUS ORGANIC CONCENTRATION USING A FLAME IONIZATION ANALYZER 1.0 Scope and Application. 1.1 Analytes. Analyte CAS No. Sensitivity Total Organic Compounds N/A

More information

Reservoir Engineering 3 (Flow through Porous Media and Applied Reservoir Engineering)

Reservoir Engineering 3 (Flow through Porous Media and Applied Reservoir Engineering) Sudan University of Science and Technology College of Petroleum Engineering and Technology Reservoir Engineering 3 (Flow through Porous Media and Applied Reservoir Engineering) Dr. Tagwa Ahmed Musa Last

More information

The Study of Bubbly Gas-Water Flow Using

The Study of Bubbly Gas-Water Flow Using The Study of Bubbly Gas-Water Flow Using Displacement Current Phase Tomography Chris Zuccarelli 1, Benjamin Straiton 1, Joshua Sines 1, Qussai Marashdeh 1 1 Tech4Imaging, 1910 Crown Park Court, Columbus,

More information

Oxygen mass transfer in a bubble column with non-newtonian fluids

Oxygen mass transfer in a bubble column with non-newtonian fluids Scuola Politecnica e delle Scienze di Base Department of Civil, Architectural & Environmental Engineering Master Thesis in Environmental Engineering Oxygen mass transfer in a bubble column with non-newtonian

More information

International Journal of Technical Research and Applications e-issn: , Volume 4, Issue 3 (May-June, 2016), PP.

International Journal of Technical Research and Applications e-issn: ,  Volume 4, Issue 3 (May-June, 2016), PP. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF FEED CHECK VALVE AS CONTROL VALVE USING CFD SOFTWARE R.Nikhil M.Tech Student Industrial & Production Engineering National Institute of Engineering Mysuru, Karnataka, India -570008

More information

Measurement of both gas and liquid velocity profiles for bubble-induced turbulent flow

Measurement of both gas and liquid velocity profiles for bubble-induced turbulent flow Measurement of both gas and liquid velocity profiles for bubble-induced turbulent flow H. Takiguchi 1*, M. Furuya 1, T. Arai 1, T. Kanai 1 1: Central research institute of electric power industry (CRIEPI)

More information

Waves. harmonic wave wave equation one dimensional wave equation principle of wave fronts plane waves law of reflection

Waves. harmonic wave wave equation one dimensional wave equation principle of wave fronts plane waves law of reflection Waves Vocabulary mechanical wave pulse continuous periodic wave amplitude wavelength period frequency wave velocity phase transverse wave longitudinal wave intensity displacement wave number phase velocity

More information

COPYRIGHT. Reservoir Fluid Core. Single Phase, Single Component Systems. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

COPYRIGHT. Reservoir Fluid Core. Single Phase, Single Component Systems. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to: Single Phase, Single Component Systems Learning Objectives Reservoir Fluid Core Single Phase, Single Component Systems By the end of this lesson, you will be able to: Define terms used to describe the

More information

A Computational Assessment of Gas Jets in a Bubbly Co-Flow 1

A Computational Assessment of Gas Jets in a Bubbly Co-Flow 1 A Computational Assessment of Gas Jets in a Bubbly Co-Flow 1 Melissa Fronzeo*, 1 Michael Kinzel 1 The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA Abstract In this effort, Computational Fluid

More information

Gas Vapor Injection on Refrigerant Cycle Using Piston Technology

Gas Vapor Injection on Refrigerant Cycle Using Piston Technology Purdue University Purdue e-pubs International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference School of Mechanical Engineering 2012 Gas Vapor Injection on Refrigerant Cycle Using Piston Technology Sophie

More information

Bubble Coalescence and Breakup in Gas-Liquid Stirred Tank Reactors

Bubble Coalescence and Breakup in Gas-Liquid Stirred Tank Reactors Bubble Coalescence and Breakup in Gas-Liquid Stirred Tank Reactors Rahman Sudiyo Background Stirred tank reactors are widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical and biochemical industries. Mass transfer between

More information

Joint industry project on foam

Joint industry project on foam Joint industry project on foam, E.D. Nennie (TNO Fluid dynamics) W. Schiferli (Shell Projects & Technology) 2 Introduction Foamers are used for gas well deliquification. Lab tests are being used to evaluate

More information

Gases and Pressure SECTION 11.1

Gases and Pressure SECTION 11.1 SECTION 11.1 Gases and In the chapter States of Matter, you read about the kineticmolecular theory of matter. You were also introduced to how this theory explains some of the properties of ideal gases.

More information

Deep water plume models - What s special about deep water

Deep water plume models - What s special about deep water Deep water plume models - What s special about deep water Øistein Johansen Senior scientist SINTEF Marine Environmental Technology Deep water blowouts - knowledge basis Present knowledge based on General

More information

Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of a Flow Control Device

Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of a Flow Control Device Abaqus Technology Brief Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of a Control Device TB-06-FSI-2 Revised: April 2007. Summary The Vernay VernaFlo flow controls are custom-designed fluid flow management devices

More information

Application of Simulation Technology to Mitsubishi Air Lubrication System

Application of Simulation Technology to Mitsubishi Air Lubrication System 50 Application of Simulation Technology to Mitsubishi Air Lubrication System CHIHARU KAWAKITA *1 SHINSUKE SATO *2 TAKAHIRO OKIMOTO *2 For the development and design of the Mitsubishi Air Lubrication System

More information

Validation Study of Gas Solubility Correlations at bubble point pressure for Some Libyan Crude Oils Using Three chosen Correlations

Validation Study of Gas Solubility Correlations at bubble point pressure for Some Libyan Crude Oils Using Three chosen Correlations Validation Study of Gas Solubility Correlations at bubble point pressure for Some Libyan Crude Oils Using Three chosen Correlations Dr. Mustafa O. Sharrad Dept. of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Faculty

More information

MODELING AND SIMULATION OF VALVE COEFFICIENTS AND CAVITATION CHARACTERISTICS IN A BALL VALVE

MODELING AND SIMULATION OF VALVE COEFFICIENTS AND CAVITATION CHARACTERISTICS IN A BALL VALVE Proceedings of the 37 th International & 4 th National Conference on Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power FMFP2010 December 16-18, 2010, IIT Madras, Chennai, India FMFP2010 341 MODELING AND SIMULATION OF VALVE

More information

Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics

Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics Volume 9, 2010 http://acousticalsociety.org/ 159th Meeting Acoustical Society of America/NOISE-CON 2010 Baltimore, Maryland 19-23 April 2010 Session 1pBB: Biomedical

More information

An experimental study of internal wave generation through evanescent regions

An experimental study of internal wave generation through evanescent regions An experimental study of internal wave generation through evanescent regions Allison Lee, Julie Crockett Department of Mechanical Engineering Brigham Young University Abstract Internal waves are a complex

More information

Free Surface Flow Simulation with ACUSIM in the Water Industry

Free Surface Flow Simulation with ACUSIM in the Water Industry Free Surface Flow Simulation with ACUSIM in the Water Industry Tuan Ta Research Scientist, Innovation, Thames Water Kempton Water Treatment Works, Innovation, Feltham Hill Road, Hanworth, TW13 6XH, UK.

More information

Concept of modernization of input device of oil and gas separator

Concept of modernization of input device of oil and gas separator IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science PAPER OPEN ACCESS Concept of modernization of input device of oil and gas separator To cite this article: A B Feodorov et al 2017 IOP Conf. Ser.:

More information

Analysis of Shear Lag in Steel Angle Connectors

Analysis of Shear Lag in Steel Angle Connectors University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Honors Theses and Capstones Student Scholarship Spring 2013 Analysis of Shear Lag in Steel Angle Connectors Benjamin Sawyer

More information

Influence of rounding corners on unsteady flow and heat transfer around a square cylinder

Influence of rounding corners on unsteady flow and heat transfer around a square cylinder Influence of rounding corners on unsteady flow and heat transfer around a square cylinder S. K. Singh Deptt. of Mech. Engg., M. B. M. Engg. College / J. N. V. University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India Abstract

More information

IASbaba ILP: Value Add Material - Matter MATTER. Iasbaba.com Page 1

IASbaba ILP: Value Add Material - Matter MATTER. Iasbaba.com Page 1 MATTER Iasbaba.com Page 1 LIQUID A. VAPOUR PRESSURE: Pressure of vapour in a closed container Changes majorly with temperature Has an exponential relationship with temperature Increases with increase in

More information

Name Chemistry Pre-AP

Name Chemistry Pre-AP Name Chemistry Pre-AP Notes: Gas Laws and Gas Stoichiometry Period Part 1: The Nature of Gases and The Gas Laws I. Nature of Gases A. Kinetic-Molecular Theory The - theory was developed to account for

More information

Chapter 15 Fluid. Density

Chapter 15 Fluid. Density Density Chapter 15 Fluid Pressure Static Equilibrium in Fluids: Pressure and Depth Archimedes Principle and Buoyancy Applications of Archimedes Principle By Dr. Weining man 1 Units of Chapter 15 Fluid

More information

Flow behavior of wakes in a three-phase slurry bubble column with viscous liquid medium

Flow behavior of wakes in a three-phase slurry bubble column with viscous liquid medium Korean J. Chem. Eng., 28(3), 974-979 (2011) DOI: 10.1007/s11814-010-0403-4 INVITED REVIEW PAPER Flow behavior of wakes in a three-phase slurry bubble column with viscous liquid medium Dae Ho Lim*, Ji Hwa

More information

New Viscosity Correlation for Different Iraqi Oil Fields

New Viscosity Correlation for Different Iraqi Oil Fields Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Vol.15 No.3 (September 2014) 71-76 ISSN: 1997-4884 University of Baghdad College of Engineering New

More information