Ridwan Hossain Graduate Student Memorial University of Newfoundland

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1 IDENTIFICATION OF THE SIZE AND LOCATION OF A CRACK, USING STATICAL DEFORMATIONS OF A MARINE ROTOR SHAFT WITH A PROPELLER AT THE OVERHANGING END Ridwan B. HOSSAIN, Rangaswamy SESHADRI & Arisi S.J. SWAMIDAS Ridwan Hossain Graduate Student Memorial University of Newfoundland rbh546@mun.ca 1

2 Contents Crack in Marine Propeller Shaft Current crack detection methods Proposal made in this paper Description of the Analysis Advantages (What s New?) Limitations & Further Extension 2

3 Marine Propeller Propeller Fixed Support Intermediate Support Courtesy: 3

4 Cracks in marine propeller shaft Mainly caused due to the alternating stress. Can be caused anywhere along the shaft Catastrophic failure can occur if not detected.

5 Crack Detection Method Crack Detection Method Dynamic Method Static Method Artificial Intelligence Frequency Analysis, Mode Shapes Frequency Response Function Displacement, Strain measurement Neural Network, Genetic Algorithm

6 Static Analysis Easy to execute. Provides specific set of useful data. Requires less theoretical underpinning Requires less probes and sensors than dynamic analysis

7 Current Statical Methods Static Response due to the reduction of flexural stiffness (Buda and Caddemi, 2007 ) Fredholm Integral in terms of bending moment (Di Paola and Bilello, 2004 ) Induced Damage principle (Caddemi and Morassi, 2007 ) Using static deflection profile as input signal of wavelet analysis (Umesha et al, 2009)

8 Proposal of this paper Using a strain-displacement combination to identify damage. Strain & Displacements have been identified by FEM for a number of damaged models Based on the responses a general crack detection method has been proposed

9 Propeller Fig: Propeller used in the analysis Fig: Preparing the CAD model from point cloud

10 CAD Model Shaft length= 1300mm, Dia = 15mm Int. Support location = 1000mm from fixed end Disp. Sensor location = 300mm, 600mm, 900mm & 1300mm Strain Gauge location = 300mm, 450mm, 600mm, 750mm, 900mm, 1100mm & 1180mm Crack Location: 200mm, 400mm, 600mm, 800mm, 950mm, 1100mm, 1185mm Crack Depth Ratio: 0.05 to 0.6

11 Meshed Model Element Type = Quadratic Tetrahedral elements (C3D10) Shape Function = Quadratic Family = 3D Stress No. Of Elements = (approx.)

12 Defining Crack Crack was defined as seam crack. Allows separation after load applied Physical properties changes based on depth & Location

13 Percentage of Difference Results Displacement change is about 18% for 0.6 crack depth ratio, which is much higher than frequency change (6%) [Tlaisi et al (2012)] Crack Depth Ratio, a/h Figure: Percentage change in displacement against crack depth ratio for displacement sensor located at 1300mm from the fixed end

14 Results (contd.) (a), (b), (c) represents displacement sensors located in 300mm, 600mm and 900mm from fixed end respectively.

15 Results (Contd.) Figure 7: Percentage of Difference in strain vs. the crack depth ratio for strain gauges located at (a) 300mm; (b) 450mm

16 Percentage of Difference Principle Strain, E11 Results (Contd.) x Crack Depth ratio, a/h Normalized Beam length Figure: Percentage of Difference in Strain against crack depth ratio for strain gauge located at 1100mm Figure: Variation of principle strain along the length of the beam for uncracked condition

17 Percentage of change in deflection Percentage of Change in Strain Crack Detection Method Crack depth Ratio, a/h Figure: Curve fitted data for displacement measured at 1300mm Crack Depth ratio, a/h Figure: Curve fitted data for strain measured at 300mm

18 Crack Detection Method (contd.) Figure: Fitted Displacement Data Figure: Fitted Strain Data

19 Crack Detection Method (contd.) Figure: Input values for displacement Figure: Output values for displacement

20 Crack Detection Method (contd.) Figure: Input values for strain Figure: Output values for strain

21 Crack Depth Ratio, a/h Crack Detection Method (contd.) Displacement Strain Crack Location, L Figure: Intersection of both outputs give the crack location and depth

22 Advantages Strain provides much higher response (37.5%) than displacement (17.5%) Micro level strain measurement is possible Combination of strain-displacement measurement can detect crack along the whole beam Only two sensors are needed to detect the crack location and size

23 Limitation & Further Extensions Measurement of displacement still poses the problem Detailed modelling might affect the result (bearing, contact behaviour) Torsional effect was not included and it might have some effect on the results Multiple cracks have not been included.

24 Thank You!! Questions?

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