Refined Cuban Turnaround Sequence. Applying the float over the top to a half Cuban improves not only loop precision, the float also buys.

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1 A Refined uban Turnaround Sequence Applying the float over the top to a half uban improves not only loop precision, the float also buys more altitude and therefore time to apply additional precision to the 45 downline and the half roll. 45 Quick. At the appropriate time, sharply stick the 45 with a quick return to neutral. In contrast to the smooth transitions used to loop, plan to stick the 45 by quickly neutral- izing the elevator and achieving a crisp finish to the 5/8 loop. 9 Smoothly neutralizing the elevator will result in over-shooting the 45, and may cause one to misinterpret this as needing additional inputs! Instead, the return to neutral should be quick. O L P P Y Slow 45 *. way along the 45, quickly bump down elevator return through neutral and roll upright. At this point, the practice of bumping elevator ( to prevent an undue loss of altitude while rolling) and applying aileron will essentially have become one continuous input. Float A A STEP #1 *ue to the plane accelerating on the 45, the half roll inputs will have to be applied quickly in order to complete the roll with time to establish a 45 and still pull out at the same altitude the uban was started at. -37 KPTR: Floating over the top of a uban buys more time to prepare to stick a precise 45.

2 uban 8: Maintaining a Precise 45 ownline The price for floating the top of a uban is a further reduction in airspeed. Gravity will therefore have a greater effect upon the maneuver, and may cause the airplane to drop out of the 45 downline, but you ll need to verify this. orrection:. Loop to the inverted 45 and hold it by quickly returning the elevator past neutral into a slight amount of forward pressure. Exhibit A: First prioritize floating the loop to an exact 45. If(?) the airplane is then observed dropping out of the 45 in the moments before rolling upright, you will need to push forward elevator in subsequent attempts to hold the inverted 45. Neutral New There is not enough time to watch the plane or hunt with the elevator to find the correct amount to push without losing considerable altitude in the process. You must commit to a certain (slight) amount, complete the maneuver, and then reflect afterward as to whether to stay with that amount or target a different stick position next time.. At the point of the half roll, neutralize the forward elevator before initiating the roll to avoid barreling it. Armed with this knowledge, you don t need to wait to see a drop to trigger your push: Stay ahead of the airplane and apply your correction (push) before the deviation presents itself again knowing that it would if you don t. Tip: Pros know that it is better to apply too little forward pressure (input) and try to apply more next time, than to risk applying too much, which even if an attempt is made to correct, will have already made a ruin of the attempt! 45 At this point there should be sufficient speed built up for a neutral airplane to hold the line on its own. KPTR: If the plane will not hold the initial 45, transition from the loop into a slight push on the 45 until it s time to roll. -38

3 A Refined Reverse uban Turnaround Sequence Applying the float over the top to a reverse uban is unique in that very little elevator is required, and even that must be eased into slowly to keep from pinching the top because gravity will have a powerful effect on the loop after bleeding off considerable airspeed on the preceding 45 upline. Ease. Ease slowly into approx. 1/4 elevator. The transition time between starting the pull and arriving at 1/4 elevator (near :00) should be paced with the time it normally takes to say or think one-one-thousand, and hold followed by a further increase to half elevator near 10:30 () to complete the loop. 9. Near 10:30, smoothly transition into half up elevator and hold.. Quickly bump up back to neutral and roll inverted. ue to the deceleration on the upline, one must quickly bump up and initiate the roll yet with the control stick passing through neutral to avoid barreling the roll. Since the 45, roll to inverted, and inverted 45, all come before you float over the top, this is a maneuver that you can plan on needing a high throttle position and airspeed before you pull up into it. A STEP #1-39 KPTR: Enter the slow float over the top of a reverse uban gingerly realizing that gravity is greatly assisting your pull over the top.

4 Exhibit A: Reverse uban: Maintaining a Precise 45 Upline Prior to the float, you may observe a slight drop out of the 45 upline as the airplane slows. ut, since the 45 was entered at high speed, the drop is not likely to occur right away (if at all). 45. Ease smoothly out of the forward pressure into the pull over the top. Tip: If an elevator correction is truly needed to hold the 45, but your efforts to apply it result in over-controlling, think of the correction as forward elevator pressure applied to the control stick, rather than a measurable stick input. First prioritize stopping the half roll with the wings perfectly level. If(?) the plane is then observed dropping out of the 45 in the moments before pulling over the top, pinpoint when the deviation starts, and input a slight amount of forward elevator pressure shortly before that point to hold the 45 in subsequent attempts. Push is initiated orrection: Slight Shortly before the drop point, apply a slight amount of forward pressure and hold.. riefly bump up and roll inverted. Since the drop is seldom more than slight, the correction should be applied so smooth as to be undetectable to anyone watching. Summary: Once the need to push on the 45 has been identified, target whether you need to start your push immediately after the roll, or later on the 45. E H I I T : If the drop occurs immediately after the half roll, input forward elevator pressure immediately after the roll Neutral Push New ont.. Neutralize the aileron to complete the roll and apply a slight amount of forward pressure.. riefly bump up and roll inverted. KPTR: Watch for the plane to initially show you what corrections, if any, are needed to hold the 45 all the way to the float. -40

5 - - alanced 45 Up and ownlines in ubans Flying a balanced 45 refers to keeping the lines before and after the half roll equal in length, thus centering the half roll on the overall 45. This is accomplished by accounting for the speed changes on up and downlines, and holding the slower upper section of the 45 longer to match the length of the faster lower section. Reverse uban 8: Immediately after pulling up on a 45, begin an even tempo mental count of one, then roll inverted, hold the line for a count of one two, then ease into your pull over the top. - - one roll one two Faster lower section Slower upper section one roll one two Faster lower section Slower upper section uban8: Immediately after neutralizing the loop on a 45, hold it for a count of one two, then roll upright, count one, then begin your smooth pull out to level flight. one roll one two one roll one two pull...even tempo... one two roll one pull uilding a alanced 45 in a uban The easiest way to get a feel for the tempo involved to fly a balanced 45 is to first practice it on a shallower more relaxed 30 downline then shoot for a true KPTR: ounting along balanced 45 s is the final step to ensure that all your ubans are similar.

6 In the event your reverse uban exits higher than it was started, quicken the tempo and thus shorten the upline to achieve less altitude before initiating the pull out. 1/4 Exhibit A one roll one two pull Reverse uban Turnaround Sequence Summary All told, first work on a round loop, then holding a true 45. Then maintain lines of equal length before and after the half roll on the 45, then work on exiting the reverse uban turnaround at the same altitude is was started from. orrection one roll one two pull 3 Roll 1/4 push? In the more likely event that your rev. uban exits lower than it was started, slow the tempo and thus extend the upline to achieve more altitude before initiating the pull out. orrection one roll one two 1/4 pull Exhibit A 3 one roll one two pull A. Smoothly and deliberately pull up to a 45 and count one,. Quickly bump up and roll inverted, then count one two, (Apply forward elevator pressure as needed to hold the 45). Ease gingerly into the float arriving at 1/4 elevator near : Smoothly transition into half elevator near 1:30 and it hold to the finish. 1. Target a cardinal point or timing for each step. 2. omplete the maneuver. 3. Reflect on it. 4. Adjust earlier or later, or faster or slower (inputs) in subsequent attempts. -42

7 uban Turnaround Sequence Summary All told, first work on a round loop, then holding a true 45. Then maintain lines of equal length before and after the half roll on the 45, then work on exiting the uban turnaround at the same altitude is was started from. Roll In the event that a balanced downline can not be completed even at a fast tempo without the plane exiting the uban lower than it was started, use slightly less than half elevator to fly a bigger (higher) loop, float the top by reducing whatever amount is used slightly, and thus buy more time to complete a balanced 45. Slightly less than half push? FLOAT OVER THE TOP one two roll one pull 9 1/2 1/3 Exhibit A A. Smoothly pull half elevator and hold it.... Relax the elevator slightly to float over the top.... Sharply stick the 45 with a quick return to neutral and count one two, (Apply forward elevator pressure as needed to hold the 45). Roll upright, count one, then pull out normally with half elevator. Practice note: Remain mindful of the basics. When concentrating on refinements, it is easy to overlook the fact that you need to pull the same amount of elevator entering each loop in order for the loops to remain consistent in size, speed, timing, and therefore easy to duplicate Target an input amount for each step. 2. omplete the maneuver. 3. Reflect on it. 4. Adjust more or less (input) in subsequent attempts.