Objectives Identify the importance of physical fitness and a healthy lifestyle to performance of the duties of a firefighter Identify the responsibili

Transcription

1 Safety

2 Objectives Identify the importance of physical fitness and a healthy lifestyle to performance of the duties of a firefighter Identify the responsibilities of a fire department as required by NFPA 1500 Identify the function of the personal protective equipment (PPE) Identify the care, maintenance, inspection and limitations of personal protective equipment (PPE)

3 Objectives Identify the types and causes of injuries that can occur in various locations Identify the procedures for ensuring a safe station / facility environment Identify procedures for safely operating at emergency scenes Identify the hazards related to electric, gas and water emergencies and actions that can be taken to mitigate these emergencies

4 Objectives Identify methods for shutting off utility services to a building Identify safety equipment for riding on fire apparatus and its use Identify safety procedures for mounting, dismounting and operating on and around fire apparatus Identify the safety principles and operation of fireground electrical power equipment

5 Objectives Identify the components of a firefighter rehabilitation system Identify the proper use of a personnel accountability system at an emergency incident

6 Importance of Physical Fitness and a Healthy Lifestyle In 2011 there were 83 firefighter fatalities Classification 60% Volunteer 33% Career 6% Wildland 1% Paid on Call Type of Duty 34% On scene 25% After a call 12% On duty 11% Responding 10% Training 6% On scene but no fire 2% Returning from scene Cause of Fatal Injury 60% Stress / Overexertion 12% Trapped 7% Fall 6% Vehicle Collision 5% Struck 5% Other 4% Collapse 1% Out of Air

7 Importance of Physical Fitness and a Healthy Lifestyle Reducing the risk of heart attack and stroke Heart attacks are the leading cause of firefighter deaths Each member is responsible for personal conditioning and nutrition A healthful lifestyle Helps reduce risk factors for heart disease Enables firefighters to meet the physical demands of the job Includes A balanced diet Weight training Cardiovascular exercises

8 Importance of Physical Fitness and a Healthy Lifestyle Reducing the risk of injury Every member is responsible for preventing injuries Knowledge and skills from training are essential for safety Training should be realistic Firefighters should continually seek out additional courses and work to keep their skills current Firefighters must know how to use/maintain equipment properly and operate if safely Each member is responsible for personal conditioning and nutrition All firefighters should spend at least one hour a day in physical fitness training

9 Responsibilities of the Fire Department NFPA 1500 Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Program requires a department to Establish a health and safety program Define roles and responsibility of firefighters Establish a safety and health committee Appoint a designated safety officer Establish SOPs/SOGs Institute a facility safety program Adopt medical and physical requirements Establish a member assistance and wellness program

10 Function of Personal Protective Equipment Helmet Protects head from impact, puncture injuries and water Face shield provides limited protection from flying particles or liquids

11 Function of Personal Protective Equipment Protective hood Protects portions of the face, ears and neck not covered by helmet or coat from extreme heat

12 Function of Personal Protective Equipment Gloves Protects the hands from cuts, wounds, burns, heat and cold

13 Function of Personal Protective Equipment Coat Protects the trunk and limbs from injuries, moisture and thermal barriers

14 Function of Personal Protective Equipment Pants Protects the hips and legs from injuries, moisture and thermal barriers

15 Function of Personal Protective Equipment Boots Protects the feet from burns, puncture injuries and crushing blows

16 Function of Personal Protective Equipment Personal Alert Safety System (PASS) Assist rescuers in attempting to locate trapped or injured firefighters Emits a loud shriek if the firefighter should collapse or remain motionless for a period of time

17 Function of Personal Protective Equipment Eye Protection Provides protection against flying particles and/or splashes Safety goggles or safety glasses should be worn in addition to that provided by the helmet face shield Face shields as part of a helmet DO NOT meet NFPA 1500 for eye protection

18 Function of Personal Protective Equipment Hearing Protection Protects from hearing loss when exposed to loud working environments Ear plugs Ear muffs Radio head set

19 Care, Maintenance, Inspection and Helmets Care Limitations of PPE Remove dirt from outer shell Remove chemicals, oils and petroleum products as soon as possible Consult manufacturer for cleaners

20 Care, Maintenance, Inspection and Helmets Inspection Check for Proper fit Damage Limitations of PPE Adequate separation between outer shell and suspension web Suspension system for deterioration Remove polycarbonate helmets that have come in contact with hydraulic fluids until it can be determined on damage has occurred

21 Care, Maintenance, Inspection and Limitations of PPE Hoods Care Brush debris off Hand wash with mild soap and water Rinse Air dry Inspection Check for tears Check for debris

22 Care, Maintenance, Inspection and Limitations of PPE Gloves Care Brush debris off Ensure liner is attached in fingers Thoroughly dry after each use Inspection Check for tears or cuts Check for deterioration

23 Care, Maintenance, Inspection and Coat and Pants Care Limitations of PPE Brush debris off Hand wash with mild soap and water or special washing machines Rinse Air dry

24 Care, Maintenance, Inspection and Limitations of PPE Coat and Pants Inspection Check for tears or cuts Check for heat damage Check liner and outer shell Check reflective striping

25 Care, Maintenance, Inspection and Limitations of PPE Coat and Pants Limitations Varies based on material and construction Direct flame contact Chemicals Comfort

26 Care, Maintenance, Inspection and Limitations of PPE Boots Care Wash off oil, grease and debris Store in a cool, dry location Inspection Check for tears, cuts or punctures Check for deterioration Check for a proper fit

27 Care, Maintenance, Inspection and Limitations of PPE Personal Alert Safety System (PASS) Inspection Check operation daily Check batteries Ensure PASS meets NFPA standards

28 Types of Injuries and Common Causes On the Fireground Types Trauma Heat exhaustion Chemical exposure Cardiovascular Causes Limited information and knowledge Underestimating fire potential Miscalculating structural integrity of the building Disorder Confusion Chaos at the emergency scene Poor physical condition Lack of proper training

29 Types of Injuries and Common Causes Responding and Returning Types Hearing Falls Slipping Sprains/strains Being run over by apparatus Being thrown from apparatus Causes Hearing protection not worn Seat belts not worn Not riding in enclosed area Attempting to don PPE Not using handrails and steps Vehicle crashes

30 Types of Injuries and Common Causes Training Types Trauma Heat exhaustion Chemical exposure Cardiovascular Physical discomfort or illness Causes Not wearing PPE Not having an adequate fitness level Horseplay Freelancing Faulty, lack of or improper equipment Poor site preparation Lack of safety inspection Situational awareness

31 Types of Injuries and Common Causes Other on-duty locations Types Cuts Eye injuries Sprains Strains Causes Horseplay Not using safety equipment Equipment failure Improper use/training Unsafe conditions Slip and trip hazards Spills / wet floors Uneven surfaces

32 Types of Injuries and Common Causes Non-fire emergencies Types Trauma Chemical exposure Electrical contact Blood borne pathogens Causes Inappropriate or lack of protective clothing Not concentrating on task Situational awareness

33 Procedures for Ensuring a Safe Station / Facility Implement safety training programs Redesign tasks to eliminate lifting if possible Use proper lifting techniques Be aware of unsafe conditions and seek corrective action Eliminate horseplay Request assistance in performing tasks when necessary Strive for good physical fitness Be aware of proper disinfecting techniques Bring unsafe conditions to the attention of an instructor or safety officer

34 Procedures for Safely Operating at Emergency Scenes Fireground Size-up Maintain communications with your team and command Work within the incident action plan (work in teams) Deploy a Rapid Intervention Crew Follow established SOP / SOG s Maintain company discipline and accountability Roadways Apparatus placement Re-route traffic as per Manual for uniform traffic control devices (MUTCD) Wear reflective PPE (Traffic Safety Vest) Scene lighting not just red and blues

35 Electric, Gas and Water Hazards Electric Hazards Burns Electrical shocks Fires Always assume electrical wires / devices are energized until proven otherwise

36 Electric, Gas and Water Hazards Electric Types Downed power lines Contact with electric lines Energized equipment

37 Electric, Gas and Water Hazards Electric Actions to mitigate Notify the power company Treat all wires as live Do not use solid or straight streams when possible electrical hazards exist Let pole top or cross-arm fires burn until power company arrives Exercise caution when using ladders around electrical hazards Maintain minimum distance from wires with all ladders 10 feet secondary lines 35 feet primary lines Do not cut power lines Establish danger zone of at least one span from downed lines Wear full PPE Control the power at the panel

38 Electric, Gas and Water Hazards Gas Hazards Explosion Fire Asphyxiation Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion (BLEVE)

39 Electric, Gas and Water Hazards Gas Actions to mitigate Gas meter service: Turn quarter turn valve LP service: Close cylinder valve Maintain safe working distance Lock-out / Tag-out

40 Electric, Gas and Water Hazards BLEVE

41 Electric, Gas and Water Hazards Water Hazards Drowning Exposure

42 Electric, Gas and Water Hazards Water Actions to mitigate Reach Throw Row Go

43 Shutting Off Utility Services Gas Natural Gas: Turn meter valve ¼ turn LP: close cylinder valve Water Locate water meter Use appropriate tool Rotate valve until fully closed Electric Notify the power company Do not cut power lines Trip main disconnect Remove meter Lock-out / Tag-out all services to ensure they are not turned back on

44 Fire Apparatus Safety Equipment Seatbelts Should be worn anytime apparatus is in motion Should always be fastened BEFORE the apparatus is in motion

45 Fire Apparatus Safety Equipment Hearing Protection Should have rapid access to hearing protection Should be worn when working near apparatus or when conditions require

46 Procedures for Mounting, Dismounting and Operating On and Around Apparatus Use handrails Look for proper footing Remain seated and belted while in motion Do not ride on apparatus

47 Safety and Operation of Electrical Power Equipment Generators / Lights Test and run weekly or monthly Cords Check for tears in protective covering, mechanical damage, fraying, heat damage or burns Connectors Inspect for bent, loose or missing prongs Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter A safety device built into electrical connections Push test button to see if working properly

48 Firefighter Rehabilitation

49 Firefighter Rehabilitation Most firefighter injuries are caused by physical stress resulting from prolonged exposure to heat During interior operations a firefighter s core body temperature often reaches 104 F Personnel should not return to duty until they are rested and refreshed Any firefighter exhibiting signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion, chest pain, or discomfort should stop and seek medical attention immediately

50 Firefighter Rehabilitation Rehab area Location should be remote from the incident Away from hazards and by-products of the fire Shady and cool during hot seasons Warm and dry during cool seasons Staffed by EMS personnel

51 Firefighter Rehabilitation Examination should include Checking pupils Blood pressure Pulse Breathing rate Lung sounds Skin condition and color Temperature If needed, EKG

52 Firefighter Rehabilitation Cooling / Warming Should be done gradually Do not use ice packs or hose streams Misting stations may be used Hydration Water is best 50/50 mix of water and activity beverage (Gatorade) Nourishment Protein bar Fruits / nuts

53 Personnel Accountability System Used to identify all firefighters working on a scene and account for everyone if something happens

54 Personnel Accountability System Components Means of identifying individual firefighters Company officer / team leader Relies on officer knowing who / where individuals are System can fail if something happens to officer Tags Turned in when arriving on scene and/or when entering hazardous area Passport One is left in apparatus One is turned in for assignment One is turned in when entering hazardous area

55 Personnel Accountability System Components Specify the location of the person whose id is collected List of who is on the fire ground and what they are doing Procedure for personnel to follow when they arrive on the scene, depart the scene or complete an assignment

56 Personnel Accountability System Techniques for when you are trapped or disoriented in a fire or hostile environment Remain calm Retrace steps Activate PASS device Locate hose line or safety line Use your radio Mayday, mayday, mayday L ocation U nit N ame A ssignment or A ir Supply R esources Needed

57 Q & A