Dauphin Island East End Beach and Barrier Island Restoration Project. Beau Buhring South Coast Engineers

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1 Dauphin Island East End Beach and Barrier Island Restoration Project Beau Buhring South Coast Engineers

2 Funding Funded with qualified outer continental shelf oil and gas revenues by the Coastal Impact Assistance Program (AL-28: Dauphin Island Shoreline Stabilization Project), Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Department of the Interior

3 Overview Physical Background Project Description Sand Search Investigation Regulatory Hurdles Design Considerations Construction Phase Beach Monitoring

4 Background Project Location MOBILE COUNTY BALDWIN COUNTY MOBILE BAY PROJECT LOCATION GULF OF MEXICO PERDIDO BEACH RESORT

5 Background Coastal Processes Erosion Areas Accretion Areas

6 Background Site Conditions

7 Background Site Conditions

8 Project Description Goals Reduce saltwater intrusion risk to valuable freshwater lake and maritime forest habitat Restore erosional foraging and nesting habitat for birds and sea turtles Introduce beach sands into the littoral drift of the Gulf barrier island Increase longevity of new sand by concurrent use of rock breakwaters

9 Project Description Benefits Wide beaches provide protection from waves and storm surge to upland properties during tropical events Wide beaches contribute economically, thanks to visitor spending and taxes

10 Project Description Beach Dredging and placement of ~320,000 cubic yards of beach sand Beach template widths to vary from ~100 feet to ~350 feet Beach nourishment: The placement of large quantities of good quality sand directly on the beach to widen the beach.

11 Project Description Structures Eight existing, shore-perpendicular, rock groins to be disassembled Three new, shore-parallel breakwaters to be built from old rocks and new stone Structures intended to better retain sand at the eastern end of the project

12 Sand Search Overview Extensive sand search investigation undertaken in 2010 to identify potential sources of borrow sand Borrow Area Concerns and Priorities Grain size compatibility Proximal to site Free of contaminants Sufficient sand quantity Avoid cultural resources and infrastructure

13 Sand Search Sampling

14 Sand Search Sampling

15 Sand Search Compatibility

16 Sand Search Compatibility Material Source Borrow Area I Borrow Area II East End Native Mean Grain Size Sorting Silt Dry Color (mm) (phi) (phi) (%) Munsell Value

17 Sand Search Borrow Area

18 Final Borrow Sub-area

19 Regulatory Cultural Resources Investigation areas filled with historic shipwrecks Magnetometer and side scan sonar surveying Sub-area identified to minimize cultural impacts Damn the torpedoes! Full speed ahead! - Admiral David Farragut, 1864 (paraphrased)

20 Regulatory Tribal Concern j ay resté a l isle, que je nomme du Massacre - Pierre Le Moyne d Iberville, 1699 Island has ancient Native American burial mounds Project reviewed by tribal consultant with the U.S. Corps of Engineers

21 Regulatory Wildlife Concerns Alabama beaches are nesting areas for endangered shore birds and sea turtles Construction activities avoided nesting seasons Lighting surveys after construction Photo: alabamaseaturtles.com

22 Regulatory Monitoring During construction: dredge position, onsite bird and turtle activity, and turbidity changes due to fill Post-construction: beach profile surveys, aerial photography, compaction testing, and escarpment surveys During Construction Post- Construction Year 1 Year 2 Year 3

23 Regulatory Mean High Tide Alabama state law requires the municipality to establish a mean high tide line before construction Filled waterbottoms seaward of the mean high tide line are held in trust by the state Identified by survey in a public hearing

24 Regulatory Property Concerns Alabama state law requires the municipality to obtain by conveyance certain rights necessary to fill areas upland of the new MHT line Property owners included quasi-public entities (Dauphin Island Park & Beach Board and Dauphin Island Sea Lab) and the federal government (U.S. Coast Guard)

25 Design Beach Fill Estimated and permitted ~320,000 cubic yards of new sand to restore the beaches

26 Design Beach Fill Profile

27 Design Breakwater Layout

28 Design Breakwater Profile

29 Construction Groin Reclamation

30 Construction Breakwater Core

31 Construction Breakwater Armor

32 Construction Dredge & Pipe

33 Construction Beach Fill

34 Construction Beach Fill

35 Construction Beach Fill

36 Construction Beach Fill

37 Construction Beach Fill

38 Monitoring Imagery

39 Before & After

40 Before & After

41 Before & After

42 Monitoring Beach Profiles

43 Monitoring Beach Surveys

44 Monitoring Beach Surveys

45 Monitoring Beach Surveys

46 Monitoring Shoreline

47 Monitoring Compaction Biological opinion required cone penetrometer testing to ensure that the new beach is appropriate for nesting turtles Test results showed that the beach was not too compacted for turtles

48 Monitoring Escarpments Biological Opinion required postconstruction escarpment surveys to ensure that sea turtles can access the beach First post-construction survey conducted, no major escarpments found

49 Award Best Restored Beaches

50 Questions

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