Life at its Peak of Exuberance: Coral Reefs and Tropical Rainforests

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Life at its Peak of Exuberance: Coral Reefs and Tropical Rainforests"

Transcription

1 Life at its Peak of Exuberance: Coral Reefs and Tropical Rainforests Note: These links do not work. Use the links within the outline to access the images in the popup windows. This text is the same as the scrolling text in the popup windows.. Introduction (Page 1) Both: The part of this map that is shaded in black shows the areas in which coral reefs occur. Note that reefs are mostly tropical or subtropical. Many of today s reefs are expected to disappear in the next 20 years with global warming. With warming, however, they may spread further north and south nto areas in which they do not occur at the present time. Tropics: This world map shows the location of tropical rainforest in dark blue. There are three major ocations, the American tropics, equatorial Africa and southeastern Asia. There are smaller tracts of ropical rainforest elsewhere such as Madagascar and India. There are also temperate rainforests but hese differ significantly from tropical ones in structure and biodiversity and are not considered here. I. How do coral reefs form? (Page 2) Calcareous Algae: This is an alga that produces calcium carbonate, or lime. The lime contributes to reef formation by cementing larger parts together. Extend: The coral reef you see here is Heron Island Reef in Australia. At exceptionally low tides corals briefly become exposed above water. Only a few species of coral can withstand this kind of emergence. A small coral island, Heron Island, appears in the background. Narrow: This photograph shows a narrow reef stretching towards the horizon. Great Barrier Reef: On the left is a map of the state of Queensland, the northeastern part of Australia, as shown in the small insert. The Great Barrier Reef stretches about 1,500 miles along its coast. The map on the right shows more detail of the Great Barrier Reef. The darker blue on the right is the open sea and he lighter blue shows the area in which the reef occurs. The blue of intermediate hue near the coast

2 represents a deeper, non-reefal channel. Fringing:

3 This photograph shows views from the same location both above and below the water. Note that he coral extends right up to the beach. Patch Reefs: This aerial photograph shows two patch reefs, one with a coral island and one without. Notice that here is a deep-water channel between the two reefs. Atolls: This is a map of Cocos Atoll in the Indian Ocean. It was the atoll that gave Charles Darwin the idea of how atolls were formed. The reefs and islands are in a circle. Within that circle a volcano once protruded from the ocean. As the volcano slowly subsided into the sea, its fringing reef grew toward he surface, leaving a ring of reefs around the former outline of the now-submerged volcano. II. Zonation of reefs (Page 3) Zones: This diagram shows the typical zonation of a coral reef. The seaward edge is the reef face or reef front. It extends rather steeply into the sea from near the surface down to the limits of coral growth. The next zone is the reef crest or reef edge. This is the outer edge of the reef where the surf breaks against the corals. It is the area of greatest physical impact of the sea. Sheltered behind the reef crest is the reef flat, a shallow area of mixtures of dead and live coral. The reef flat leads into a lagoon of deeper calmer water. Reef Front: Here you can see a diver investigating the steep descent of the reef along the reef front. The reef front contains live growth of coral down to where the light is too dim for mutualistic algae to get enough light to carry out photosynthesis. Reef Crest: This photograph is of the reef crest at low tide. Notice the water draining from the lagoon back into he sea. At high tide the surf would be pounding this area and it would not be possible to stand where the person is walking. Profusely: In the quieter water behind the reef crest one can find coral growing in great profusion, as seen in

4 his photograph. Lagoon: This photograph shows an aerial view of a section of the Great Barrier Reef of Australia. The reef edge is in the upper part of the photograph. The aqua-colored part is the sandy-bottomed lagoon with extensive growth of coral showing up as a variegated pattern of brown. Beach Rock: The dark material in this photograph between the sandy beach and the water is beach rock. Beach rock forms only under the sand on beaches. It is caused by rainwater soaking into coral sand and dissolving some of the calcium carbonate which then re-precipitates when it seeps down to where he sea water has soaked laterally into the sand. The precipitated lime cements sand grains, shells and other objects into a layer of rock. When the sand on the beach erodes away, the harder beach rock remains to mark the previous location of the beach. V. Reefs teeming with life (Page 4) Animals: Unlike most panoramas, on coral reefs animals dominate the habitat and its shape and appearance are due to them. Algae and plants are present but they are not usually very conspicuous. In this photograph the structure of the reef is determined by corals of a variety of shapes and sizes. Corals Themselves: This photograph illustrates the variety of shapes and colors of corals on a reef and how they dominate the habitat. Fish: Above the stable structure of the coral, fish often form a kaleidoscope of color and motion. Echinoderms: This photograph will remind you that pencil urchins, a kind of echinoderm, can be a conspicuous part of the reef fauna. Sea Fans: This photograph is to remind you that sea fans can be a conspicuous part of the reef fauna. Turtles:

5 Although sea turtles occur in other marine habitats as well, they are common inhabitants of the reef Birds: Birds nest in abundance on the small islands on reefs and they are important predators on reef fish. Sometimes their numbers are prodigious, as here on the Great Barrier Reef. Sea Snakes: Sea snakes, like the one shown here, are real air-breathing snakes, not eels. They can dive to 300 feet and stay down for as long as two hours, but they must eventually surface to breathe. They feed on fish. They differ from land snakes in having a paddle-shaped tail used in swimming. Commensals: These pilot fish have a commensal relationship with sharks. They follow sharks and eat whatever scraps the shark leaves behind from its meals. The shark neither benefits nor is harmed by their presence. Curiously, the shark doesn t attempt to eat the pilot fish. Overgrow: A large brown coral is seen here beginning to grow up over a small light-colored one. It time it will probably cover it completely. Encroachment: This photograph shows a boundary between two species of coral. When polyps are out feeding they contact each other over the unoccupied area between them. The blue species on the left stings and kills the polyps of the green species on the right, thereby preventing any encroachment. V. What is a tropical rainforest? (Page 5) Tropical Rainforest: This view is of a tropical rainforest, the most biodiverse terrestrial habitat on earth. Mild and Stable: The histogram shows the rainfall in an area of tropical rainforest in southeastern Asia. Notice that here is abundant rainfall every month of the year and that there is little seasonal fluctuation. The emperatures are shown by the line graph; they are mild and show little variation throughout the

6 year. Emergent: In tropical rainforests there are often individual tall trees, called emergent trees, scattered throughout he forest and protruding well above the upper canopy, as shown here. This photograph again llustrates the layered nature of the canopy, with a secondary canopy below the upper closed one, and then still lower down a more scattered layer of trees and small shrubs. Vines: Vines are a common feature of tropical rainforests. Here you can see one climbing for a number of meters up the trunk of a tree. Long Stems: Here you can see the stem of a liana ascending into the canopy. Hang: This woody loop is the stem of a liana hanging down from the canopy of a tropical rain forest. These stems may reach up to 250 feet long and extend over the canopies of more than one tree. Bare Understory: This is the floor of a tropical rainforest. Notice how devoid it is of herbaceous plants or other low vegetation. Buttressed: This is a large tree in a tropical rainforest. As true of many rainforest trees it has large buttresses at he base of the bole. Note the man for scale. VI. Rainforest diversity (Page 6) VII. Specializations (Page 7)

Overview. What are Corals?

Overview. What are Corals? Overview Coral Reefs extend back over 500 m.y. Grow in tropical seas with normal salinity Support a great variety of plant and animal life Cover less than 0.2% of sea floor Contain about 25% of marine

More information

Marine Ecosystems. Aquatic Ecosystems Section 2

Marine Ecosystems. Aquatic Ecosystems Section 2 Marine Ecosystems Marine ecosystems are located mainly in coastal areas and in the open ocean. Organisms that live in coastal areas adapt to changes in water level and salinity. Organisms that live in

More information

Marine Environments. Copyright 2011 LessonSnips

Marine Environments. Copyright 2011 LessonSnips Marine Environments I must go down to the seas again, for the call of the running tide Is a wild call and a clear call that may not be denied Excerpt from a poem by John Masefield Continents and islands

More information

The Great Barrier Reef

The Great Barrier Reef The Great Barrier Reef The Great Barrier Reef Where are the most biologically diverse places on the planet? If I asked you this question, you might guess the Amazon rainforest in Brazil or the jungles

More information

Coastal areas have become increasingly under threat in recent years. Climate change is having a huge effect on coastal areas, making them much more

Coastal areas have become increasingly under threat in recent years. Climate change is having a huge effect on coastal areas, making them much more Why are some coastal environments under threat? Coastal areas have become increasingly under threat in recent years. Climate change is having a huge effect on coastal areas, making them much more likely

More information

Sample page. Contents

Sample page. Contents Contents Part A: Mangroves and seagrasses 5 A1. What do mangroves look like? 5 A2. Which animals use mangroves for shelter? 7 A3. How do mangroves grow? 8 A4. How do mangroves reproduce? 10 A5. Which animals

More information

WHAT ARE ECOSYSTEMS? Dr. V. N. Nayak Professor of Marine Biology (Retd)

WHAT ARE ECOSYSTEMS? Dr. V. N. Nayak Professor of Marine Biology (Retd) WHAT ARE ECOSYSTEMS? Dr. V. N. Nayak Professor of Marine Biology (Retd) An ECOSYSTEM is an interacting system of plant, animals, and humans and the surrounding environment. An ecosystem contains living

More information

3.9 FROM ISLANDS TO ATOLLS

3.9 FROM ISLANDS TO ATOLLS 3.9 1 3.9 FROM ISLANDS TO ATOLLS OBJECTIVES The students Listen to a description of the formation of volcanic islands, fringing reefs, barrier reefs, and atolls. Observe and participate in a simulation

More information

Coral Reefs Lecture Notes

Coral Reefs Lecture Notes Coral Reefs Lecture Notes (Topic 10D) page 1 Coral Reefs Lecture Notes Corals Polyps & Zooxanthellae Coral Polyps Are coral polyps algae or animals? Description (What do coral polyps look like? Make a

More information

Citizen Science Based Survey GBR Far North Dive Trip 2016 April 18-26

Citizen Science Based Survey GBR Far North Dive Trip 2016 April 18-26 Citizen Science Based Survey GBR Far North Dive Trip 2016 April 18-26 Chris Roelfsema Karen Johnson Douglas Stetner Trevor Baerenger Peran Brady May 2016 GBR Far North Citizen Science Trip 5 May 2016 1

More information

Life in the Current. Beyond the Book. FOCUS Book

Life in the Current. Beyond the Book. FOCUS Book FOCUS Book Eddies often form on the edges of a fast-moving ocean current. Make a model of an eddy. Fill a clear plastic bowl with warm tap water. Slowly stir the water to make it swirl. Predict what will

More information

Coastal management has lagged behind the growth in population leading to problems with pollution

Coastal management has lagged behind the growth in population leading to problems with pollution Fifty percent of the population of the industrialized world lives within 100 km of a coast. Coastal management has lagged behind the growth in population leading to problems with pollution and natural

More information

A DAY AT THE WHITNEY LAB The Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience An Institute for Marine Research and Biotechnology

A DAY AT THE WHITNEY LAB The Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience An Institute for Marine Research and Biotechnology A DAY AT THE WHITNEY LAB The Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience An Institute for Marine Research and Biotechnology STUDENT NAME: What s For Lunch? The Mission In this activity, you will make an educated

More information

All about Jenkinson s Aquarium. By The Tiger Class February

All about Jenkinson s Aquarium. By The Tiger Class February All about Jenkinson s Aquarium By The Tiger Class February 2 2017 Table of Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Harbor Seals 4,5 3. Penguins 6,7 4. Pythons 8 5. Fish 9 6. Sea Urchins 10 7. Eels 11 8. Stingrays

More information

SALINITY. It's the amount of dissolved salts the water contains.

SALINITY. It's the amount of dissolved salts the water contains. AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS SALINITY The types of organisms in an aquatic ecosystem depend upon the water s Salinity. It's the amount of dissolved salts the water contains. Salinity determines the two main aquatic

More information

Coral Reefs N Q U. Visit for thousands of books and materials.

Coral Reefs N Q U.  Visit  for thousands of books and materials. Coral Reefs A Reading A Z Level N Leveled Book Word Count: 615 N Q U Written by Paula Schricker Visit www.readinga-z.com for thousands of books and materials. www.readinga-z.com Photo Credits: Front cover:

More information

Coral Reef Activity Book

Coral Reef Activity Book Coral Reef Activity Book Coral Reefs for health, for wealth, for life Did you know... Coral reefs can be found in all tropical areas of the world. Corals can also be found in deep cold oceans. Most corals

More information

Ghost (net) Busters. Ghost Net Retrieval. Time to complete lesson: minutes

Ghost (net) Busters. Ghost Net Retrieval. Time to complete lesson: minutes Ghost (net) Busters Ghost Net Retrieval Time to complete lesson: 20-30 minutes Purpose of module: This module allows students to simulate the removal of a derelict fishing net from a model coral reef.

More information

Learning Pad Launch Portal S & T Activities Producers and Consumers activity

Learning Pad Launch Portal S & T Activities Producers and Consumers activity Activities Producers and Consumers activity Google DCDSB. Click on the DCDSB website. Near the top of the screen, click on Students. Down the right side of the screen, click on the LaunchPad Learning Portal

More information

CHAPTER 11.1 THE WORLD OCEAN MARINE BIOMES NOTES

CHAPTER 11.1 THE WORLD OCEAN MARINE BIOMES NOTES CHAPTER 11.1 THE WORLD OCEAN MARINE BIOMES NOTES 1. The world ocean can be divided into zones both and. The,, and zones that apply to large lakes also apply to the ocean. 2. In addition to the depth zones,

More information

Following Information Compliments of Avadon Divers, Placencia Belize

Following Information Compliments of Avadon Divers, Placencia Belize Following Information Compliments of Avadon Divers, Placencia Belize The Blue Hole & Lighthouse Reef Trips to this atoll are done only when there are good surface conditions as it is a 3-hour boat ride

More information

F I E L D T R I P CHAPERONE GUIDE

F I E L D T R I P CHAPERONE GUIDE 5th GRADE F I E L D T R I P CHAPERONE GUIDE Chaperones: Use this guide to move your group through the Aquarium s galleries. The background information, guided questions, and activities will keep your students

More information

Lee E. Harris, Ph.D., P.E. Assoc. Professor of Ocean Engineering. Doug Bowlus and Ashley Naimaster Ocean Engineering Graduate Students

Lee E. Harris, Ph.D., P.E. Assoc. Professor of Ocean Engineering. Doug Bowlus and Ashley Naimaster Ocean Engineering Graduate Students FLORIDA TECH OCEAN ENGINEERING PROFESSOR LEE HARRIS AND HIS GRADUATE STUDENTS ASSIST WITH POST-HURRICANE IVAN CORAL REEF RESTORATION IN THE CAYMAN ISLANDS Lee E. Harris, Ph.D., P.E. Assoc. Professor of

More information

30. I thought coral growth and reef growth were the same. Is there a difference?

30. I thought coral growth and reef growth were the same. Is there a difference? About reefs 29. Corals are minute invertebrates, yet they can build vast reefs such as the Great Barrier Reef in Australia, which is the largest natural structure in the ocean. How is a coral reef formed?

More information

SCI-5 MES_Lamb_Oceans Exam not valid for Paper Pencil Test Sessions

SCI-5 MES_Lamb_Oceans Exam not valid for Paper Pencil Test Sessions SCI-5 MES_Lamb_Oceans Exam not valid for Paper Pencil Test Sessions [Exam ID:53S2JF 1 Two children are swimming and jumping in the waves at the beach. On which part of the ocean are they standing? A Abyssal

More information

Blue Journeys Dive Sites Information

Blue Journeys Dive Sites Information Blue Journeys Dive Sites Information Gemanafushi Out Location: South East of Hadahaa, Out Side of Gemanafushi N0 27.275 / E73 34.272 Description: Top reef start from 3 5 meters with outer reef edge of

More information

Examples of estuaries include bays, sounds, salt marshes, mangrove forests, mud flats, swamps, inlets, and sloughs.

Examples of estuaries include bays, sounds, salt marshes, mangrove forests, mud flats, swamps, inlets, and sloughs. An estuary is a partially enclosed body of water where incoming seawater is mixed with fresh water coming from the land. Examples of estuaries include bays, sounds, salt marshes, mangrove forests, mud

More information

Questions # 4 7 refer to Figure # 2 (page 321, Fig )

Questions # 4 7 refer to Figure # 2 (page 321, Fig ) Shoreline Community College OCEANOGRAPHY 101 Fall 2006 Sample Exam # 3 Instructor: Linda Khandro Questions # 1 3 refer to Figure # 1 (page 284, Fig 11.7) 1. At which position is the moon in its new moon

More information

and the Link between Oceans, Atmosphere, and Weather

and the Link between Oceans, Atmosphere, and Weather Geography Worksheet Instructions Using a map, atlas, or any other materials your teacher suggests, label the following on the blank map provided. 1. Label East, West, North, and South. 2. Label the following

More information

Animals of the Benthic Environment

Animals of the Benthic Environment Animals of the Benthic Environment Name: Section: 1. Of the 250,000 known species that inhabit the marine ecosystem, more than 98% (about 245,000) live in or on the ocean floor. 2. Living at or near the

More information

Geology of the Hawaiian Islands

Geology of the Hawaiian Islands Geology of the Hawaiian Islands Class 24 8 April 2004 Any Questions? Rise and fall of sea level and its effect on Hawai`i Sea level Has fluctuated up and down many times in the geologic past Evidence?

More information

Where Animals and Plants Are Found

Where Animals and Plants Are Found About Animals and Plants What I Need to Know Many different animals and plants live on Earth. The animals and plants live in different places and make up parts of different ecosystems. In an ecosystem,

More information

Resort and Dive Operation Management, Marine Biology Support, Programmes and Training.

Resort and Dive Operation Management, Marine Biology Support, Programmes and Training. Helen Sykes & Stuart Gow Mail: PO Box 2558 Government Buildings SUVA, Fiji Islands Tel: (679) 336 3625 or 359 2136 Email: resortsupport@connect.com.fj Resort and Dive Operation Management, Marine Biology

More information

Chapter 12: Coasts (after a brief review of Tides)

Chapter 12: Coasts (after a brief review of Tides) Chapter 12: Coasts (after a brief review of Tides) 1 Questions from previous classes: What happens when a wave meets a current? wave = people walking current = bus If wave goes with the current, the wave

More information

Coral Reef Basics and Its Impact on Ocean Life

Coral Reef Basics and Its Impact on Ocean Life 2012 Coral Reef Basics and Its Impact on Ocean Life Biology 1010 Professor LynneGilbert-Norton 4/25/2012 Contents Introduction... 2 Coral Explained... 2 Evolution... 3 Eating Habits... 4 Location... 4

More information

Ocean. T he ocean covers about 71 percent of the earth. The shallow part of the ocean. 1 Photocopy pages Cut out all the pieces

Ocean. T he ocean covers about 71 percent of the earth. The shallow part of the ocean. 1 Photocopy pages Cut out all the pieces Flip open the pages of this mini-book to shed light on the layers of the ocean. Habitat Hallmarks T he ocean covers about 71 percent of the earth. The shallow part of the ocean lies above the continental

More information

Tide Pools Starfish eating a mussel

Tide Pools Starfish eating a mussel Tide Pools Lesson 6 T ide pools form in rocks where water collects in depressions in the rocks during low tide. A variety of plants and animals live their entire life in a tide pool. Many animals that

More information

Ocean Environmental Science Art Workshop

Ocean Environmental Science Art Workshop Ocean Environmental Science Art Workshop An integrated learning module for primary schools designed and facilitated by the artist Angela Rossen The images here show the workshop with the students in Year

More information

The Case of the Disappearing Shoreline

The Case of the Disappearing Shoreline Name The Case of the Disappearing Shoreline Humans change the earth's climate in many ways. One change is the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. As we burn more fossil fuels, we release more

More information

KEY CONCEPT Earth s atmosphere supports life. Living things need food, water, and air Matter can be solid, liquid, or gas

KEY CONCEPT Earth s atmosphere supports life. Living things need food, water, and air Matter can be solid, liquid, or gas KEY CONCEPT Earth s atmosphere supports life. BEFORE, you learned Living things need food, water, and air Matter can be solid, liquid, or gas NOW, you will learn Why the atmosphere is important to living

More information

Terms of Use. Copyright Natural Beach Living

Terms of Use. Copyright Natural Beach Living Terms of Use All rights reserved. No part of this packet may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any means - electronic, mechanical, photo-copies, recording, or otherwise

More information

Thanks to Burt Strom, Dick Pearce, and Ed Lombardo, Sr. for their help and information.

Thanks to Burt Strom, Dick Pearce, and Ed Lombardo, Sr. for their help and information. The upper section of the Wood River that runs approximately two miles downstream from the bridge on State Route 165 contains a number of significant pools. Although the river is constantly changing through

More information

Warm-up # 7 A day 5/17 - B day 5/18 UPDATE YOUR TABLE OF CONTENTS

Warm-up # 7 A day 5/17 - B day 5/18 UPDATE YOUR TABLE OF CONTENTS Warm-up # 7 A day 5/17 - B day 5/18 UPDATE YOUR TABLE OF CONTENTS Question: List all examples of surface water on Earth. Answer: Rivers and streams, lakes and reservoirs, (ponds) wetlands, estuaries and

More information

Animals of the Benthic Environment II

Animals of the Benthic Environment II Animals of the Benthic Environment II Anticipation Guide Name: Section: 1. he shallow offshore ocean floor extends from the spring low tide shoreline to the seaward edge of the continental shelf. 2. he

More information

Figure 1. Schematic illustration of the major environments on Mustang Island.

Figure 1. Schematic illustration of the major environments on Mustang Island. STOP #1: PACKERY CHANNEL BEACH TO BAY We will start this field guide near the north jetty of Packery Channel and hike across the island to Corpus Christi Bay (fig. 1). The island emerges from the Gulf

More information

1 Shoreline Erosion and Deposition

1 Shoreline Erosion and Deposition CHAPTER 12 1 Shoreline Erosion and Deposition SECTION Agents of Erosion and Deposition BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What is a shoreline? How

More information

What do mangroves mean to you?

What do mangroves mean to you? Student Sheet: MA-1 What do mangroves mean to you? Many people see mangroves as unpleasant, muddy places with too many mosquitoes. They take up space that could be used for fish ponds and the wood is useful

More information

1 Shoreline Erosion and Deposition

1 Shoreline Erosion and Deposition CHAPTER 12 1 Shoreline Erosion and Deposition SECTION Agents of Erosion and Deposition BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What is a shoreline? How

More information

Oceans Alive Resource Book

Oceans Alive Resource Book E-BOOK CODE: REAU5023 Special School Photocopy Master Edition Oceans Alive Resource Book Image courtesy Microsoft Design Gallery by Sandy Tasker Contents OCEANS ALIVE Contents... 3 The Wonderful World

More information

Chapter 4 Global Climates and Biomes

Chapter 4 Global Climates and Biomes Chapter 4 Global Climates and Biomes Global Processes Determine Weather and Climate - the short term conditions of the atmosphere in a local area. These include temperature, humidity, clouds, precipitation,

More information

WIND SPEED LENGTH OF TIME WIND BLOWS (Duration) DISTANCE OVER WHICH IT BLOWS (Fetch)

WIND SPEED LENGTH OF TIME WIND BLOWS (Duration) DISTANCE OVER WHICH IT BLOWS (Fetch) WAVES Up and down movement of ocean surface Transportation of energy across the water over vast distances If not stopped by anything, waves can travel entire oceans Size and speed depend upon: WIND SPEED

More information

Ecology Quiz Which example shows a relationship between a living thing and a nonliving thing?

Ecology Quiz Which example shows a relationship between a living thing and a nonliving thing? Ecology Quiz 1 Name: Date: 1. In a desert environment, cactus wrens often build their nests in cholla cacti to avoid predators. This behavior does not hurt the cacti. Which type of relationship do cactus

More information

Gator Hole Graphics. There is usually a six-month period

Gator Hole Graphics. There is usually a six-month period Goal: Interpret graphs that tell how some swamp animals survive drought. Objectives: Describe some of the ways drought affects animals in a swamp. Explain why alligators are an Important part of the swamp

More information

Sea urchin density along a depth gradient at Rodney's Rock and Champagne Bay, Dominica

Sea urchin density along a depth gradient at Rodney's Rock and Champagne Bay, Dominica Sea urchin density along a depth gradient at Rodney's Rock and Champagne Bay, Dominica Michele Felix Cassie Kalinec Julia Lemmon Carl Raetzsch A.J. Vale Andrew Woolley May 28 June 17, 2004 1 Abstract The

More information

APPENDIX F DANGEROUS FISH AND MOLLUSKS

APPENDIX F DANGEROUS FISH AND MOLLUSKS APPENDIX F DANGEROUS FISH AND MOLLUSKS Since fish and mollusks may be one of your major sources of food, it is wise to know which ones are dangerous to you should you catch them. Know which ones are dangerous,

More information

Oceanic Zone. Open ocean past the continental shelf. Water can be very deep. Nutrients are scarce. Fewer organisms live in this zone

Oceanic Zone. Open ocean past the continental shelf. Water can be very deep. Nutrients are scarce. Fewer organisms live in this zone Oceanic Zone Oceanic Zone Open ocean past the continental shelf Water can be very deep Nutrients are scarce Fewer organisms live in this zone Includes photic and aphotic zones Photic Zone Top 200m of

More information

Full Name Class Date. 1. Draw and describe your prediction of what will happen to the eggplant after the teacher applies salt to it.

Full Name Class Date. 1. Draw and describe your prediction of what will happen to the eggplant after the teacher applies salt to it. Full Name Class Date Investigation Booklet Exploring: Salt in Our Lives 1. Draw and describe your prediction of what will happen to the eggplant after the teacher applies salt to it. Use these ecosystem

More information

EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY GUIDE. Educational Materials developed in cooperation with

EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY GUIDE. Educational Materials developed in cooperation with EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY GUIDE Educational Materials developed in cooperation with EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY GUIDE Dive into a Mysterious Liquid World Disneynature is proud to invite you and your students to join

More information

Shore - place where ocean meets land Coast - refers to the larger zone affected by the processes that occur at this boundary.

Shore - place where ocean meets land Coast - refers to the larger zone affected by the processes that occur at this boundary. Waves, Beaches, and Coasts Shore - place where ocean meets land Coast - refers to the larger zone affected by the processes that occur at this boundary. Waves: energy moving through water The height of

More information

Invasion of the Lionfish

Invasion of the Lionfish READTHEORY Name Date Invasion of the Lionfish The lionfish is one of the most dangerous fish in the Atlantic Ocean. Its body is covered with poisonous spines that can cause a very painful sting if you

More information

QUESTIONS. Please help me spread the word about how important Shark Bay is to the world. 4. Use the QR code (or

QUESTIONS. Please help me spread the word about how important Shark Bay is to the world. 4. Use the QR code (or 3 PROTECTING SHARK BAY Shark Bay in Western Australia is a World Heritage site. by Sally Newman, 3F G HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 1.3 a PROTECTING SHARK BAY Last September holidays, I visited Shark

More information

Coral Bleaching and Climate Change Featured scientist: Carly Kenkel from The University of Texas at Austin

Coral Bleaching and Climate Change Featured scientist: Carly Kenkel from The University of Texas at Austin Coral Bleaching and Climate Change Featured scientist: Carly Kenkel from The University of Texas at Austin Research Background: Corals are animals that build coral reefs. Coral reefs are home to many species

More information

OIMB GK12 CURRICULUM

OIMB GK12 CURRICULUM 2 nd Grade 45 minutes SAND DUNES Oregon Science Content Standards: 2.1 Structure and Function: Living and non-living things vary throughout the natural world. 2.2 Interaction and Change: Living and non-living

More information

Marine Math. A 4 th Grade Field Trip Guide to The Texas State Aquarium STUDENT BOOKLET

Marine Math. A 4 th Grade Field Trip Guide to The Texas State Aquarium STUDENT BOOKLET Marine Math A 4 th Grade Field Trip Guide to The Texas State Aquarium STUDENT BOOKLET Copyright Erin Saenz, 2010. Permission granted for educational purposes only. This permission does not extend to copying

More information

Coasts. 1. Coastal Processes. 1.1 Coastal erosion. 1.2 Sediment transport. Coastal Processes and Landforms. i. Hydraulic action

Coasts. 1. Coastal Processes. 1.1 Coastal erosion. 1.2 Sediment transport. Coastal Processes and Landforms. i. Hydraulic action Coasts Coastal Processes and Landforms 1. Coastal Processes 1.1 Coastal erosion i. Hydraulic action When waves strike against a rock surface, the waves trap air in the rock joints. This air is compressed

More information

Before we get started, where in the world is Georgia? Do you know?

Before we get started, where in the world is Georgia? Do you know? Before we get started, where in the world is Georgia? Do you know? Georgia is in the Southeastern part of the United States, on the continent of North America. There it is! Georgia itself is divided into

More information

Oceans Humans both depend on it and threaten it with their activities

Oceans Humans both depend on it and threaten it with their activities Oceans Humans both depend on it and threaten it with their activities Oceans Water covers nearly ¾ of the Earth s surface More than 50% of the world s population lives within an hour of the coast Oceans

More information

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education *5896380298* ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 0680/21 Paper 2 October/November 2011 1 hour 45 minutes

More information

Reef Watch Guidelines

Reef Watch Guidelines Reef Watch Guidelines What is Reef Watch? Reef watch is a simple one-dive-one-survey method to record the health of coral reefs. The method is easily learnt and it is even easier to participate in the

More information

Fantastic Fish. Lesson 10. Leafy Sea Dragon

Fantastic Fish. Lesson 10. Leafy Sea Dragon Fantastic Fish Lesson 10 Fish are cold-blooded vertebrates that live in streams, lakes and oceans. They are abundant in both fresh and salt water. There are over 28,000 known species of fish on the planet.

More information

SKILL: LEARN LION F MORGAN-CAIN & ASSOCIATES

SKILL: LEARN LION F MORGAN-CAIN & ASSOCIATES Lion facts: Lions live in groups called prides. A lion litter has 1-4 cubs in it. The females hunt at dusk or night. The lion s great physical strength puts it at the top of the food chain. Lions rest

More information

Ecology. Professor Andrea Garrison Biology 3A Illustrations 2014 Cengage Learning unless otherwise noted

Ecology. Professor Andrea Garrison Biology 3A Illustrations 2014 Cengage Learning unless otherwise noted Ecology Professor Andrea Garrison Biology 3A Illustrations 2014 Cengage Learning unless otherwise noted Ecology Ecology (oikos = house) is the study of where an organism lives and all the interactions

More information

PART 2 CORAL REEF ECOLOGY

PART 2 CORAL REEF ECOLOGY PART 2 CORAL REEF ECOLOGY Coral reefs are rocky mounds and/or ridges formed in the sea by marine organisms through the accumulation and deposition of limestone (calcium carbonate). The reef framework provides

More information

Ocean Series Coral Reefs

Ocean Series Coral Reefs Ocean Series Coral Reefs Coral is part of the animal kingdom, a member of the scientific phylum Cnidaria along with other marine creatures including sea jellies. Sea jellies have a soft gelatinous body

More information

FISH MORPHOLOGY. The Education Program at the New Jersey Marine Sciences Consortium. njmsc.org

FISH MORPHOLOGY. The Education Program at the New Jersey Marine Sciences Consortium. njmsc.org FISH MORPHOLOGY OVERVIEW OBJECTIVE Students study the parts of a fish to develop the understanding that the shape, form and structure of a fish s parts influence its lifestyle and behavior. Following completion

More information

GRASSLANDS BIOME OR HABITAT

GRASSLANDS BIOME OR HABITAT GRASSLANDS BIOME OR HABITAT This area is covered mostly with grasses, has few large trees, and at times has very little water. Dominant colors in the grasslands are browns. An example of a grassland habitat

More information

4 Night Yasawa Island Cruise Dive Sites information

4 Night Yasawa Island Cruise Dive Sites information F I J I S C R U I S E L I N E 4 Night Yasawa Island Cruise Dive Sites information Naviti Babylon Caves The Caves of Babylon: an aptly named dive that starts off by entering into what feels like the gates

More information

CROC'S WALL NORTH MARK (16-40)

CROC'S WALL NORTH MARK (16-40) Diving at Pomene is remote and very beautiful with no other operations in the area. We can easily guarantee that you will not be sharing the reefs with any other divers. The dives are however, a fair distance

More information

Presented By: T.Chailagoaban

Presented By: T.Chailagoaban Presented By: T.Chailagoaban What is Coral? An animal belongs to Phylum cnidaria Cnidarians are readily symmetric means they are symmetric all the way around 360 degrees They are built like sacs with a

More information

Table Description of 15 shark species. Shark Number. Common: Scientific: Common: Scientific:

Table Description of 15 shark species. Shark Number. Common: Scientific: Common: Scientific: Table 1.12. Description of 15 shark species Shark Number Description 1 This is the second-largest fish, reaching 11.7 meters (m) in length. It is an openocean plankton feeder considered harmless to humans.

More information

CORAL REEFS IN CRISIS. Mudjimba Island

CORAL REEFS IN CRISIS. Mudjimba Island CORAL REEFS IN CRISIS Mudjimba Island LOCATION REEF STRUCTURE - NORTH Fringing reef around a continental island, bigger drop off with slabs of rock Average water depth: 4 to 8 metres Higher diversity of

More information

Marine Math. A 5 th Grade Field Trip Guide to The Texas State Aquarium STUDENT BOOKLET

Marine Math. A 5 th Grade Field Trip Guide to The Texas State Aquarium STUDENT BOOKLET Marine Math A 5 th Grade Field Trip Guide to The Texas State Aquarium STUDENT BOOKLET Copyright Erin Saenz, 2010. Permission granted for educational purposes only. This permission does not extend to copying

More information

Animal Habitats Kindergarten

Animal Habitats Kindergarten Animal Habitats Kindergarten Field Trip Activity Guide Field Trip Activity Guide 2017/18 P a g e 1 NOTES FOR CHAPERONES Welcome to the Oregon Zoo! Thank you for helping to make this field trip a success.

More information

The Land Where Continents Collided. Physical Geography and Climate of South Asia

The Land Where Continents Collided. Physical Geography and Climate of South Asia The Land Where Continents Collided Physical Geography and Climate of South Asia South Asia Countries include: 1. Pakistan 2. India 3. Nepal 4. Bhutan 1 2 3 5 4 5. Bangladesh 6. Sri Lanka 7. Maldives 7

More information

Megan Dunmeyer, 2016!

Megan Dunmeyer, 2016! Megan Dunmeyer, 2016! Megan Dunmeyer, 2016! The Elephant!mammals!herbivores!calf!African!Indian!communicate!endangered!extinct Elephants are the biggest land animals! Elephants can be 9 11 feet tall and

More information

Beaches Unit (4.5 pts)

Beaches Unit (4.5 pts) T. James Noyes, El Camino College Beaches Unit (Topic 6A) page 1 Name: Section: Beaches Unit (4.5 pts) Beaches and Shorelines Are Always Changing Waves are slowly and inexorably altering the shoreline,

More information

Reading Material. Inshore oceanography, Anikouchine and Sternberg The World Ocean, Prentice-Hall

Reading Material. Inshore oceanography, Anikouchine and Sternberg The World Ocean, Prentice-Hall Reading Material Inshore oceanography, Anikouchine and Sternberg The World Ocean, Prentice-Hall BEACH PROCESSES AND COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS COASTAL FEATURES Cross section Map view Terminology for Coastal

More information

8. The Asian Tiger Mosquito

8. The Asian Tiger Mosquito 10. Kudzu Vine Also known as the "mile-a-minute vine" and "the vine that ate the South," the Kudzu vine is native to Japan, but was first brought to the United States in 1876 when it was featured at the

More information

Seventh Grade. Maui Ocean Center Learning Worksheet. Name: Our mission is to foster understanding, wonder and respect for Hawai i s Marine Life.

Seventh Grade. Maui Ocean Center Learning Worksheet. Name: Our mission is to foster understanding, wonder and respect for Hawai i s Marine Life. Name: Maui Ocean Center Learning Worksheet Seventh Grade Our mission is to foster understanding, wonder and respect for Hawai i s Marine Life. Based on benchmarks SC.6.3.1, SC. 7.3.1, SC. 7.3.2, SC. 7.5.4

More information

Cult Dive: Barracuda Point Sipadan Island

Cult Dive: Barracuda Point Sipadan Island Cult Dive: Barracuda Point Sipadan Island Dive site: Barracuda Point Location: Malesia, Sipadan Island, 4 6' N / 118 37' E Type of dive: Wall, drift Maximum depth: 40 mt Level: intermediate to advanced

More information

For Creative Minds. Salt Marsh Plants and Animals

For Creative Minds. Salt Marsh Plants and Animals For Creative Minds The For Creative Minds educational section may be photocopied or printed from our website by the owner of this book for educational, non-commercial uses. Cross-curricular teaching activities,

More information

What do animals eat?

What do animals eat? What do animals eat? Name: Class: No. 1. Use the words in the box to finish the sentences about carnivores. eat animals meat carnivores are animals that eat Draw a picture of what a carnivore eats. only.

More information

Overview. Beach Features. Coastal Regions. Other Beach Profile Features. CHAPTER 10 The Coast: Beaches and Shoreline Processes.

Overview. Beach Features. Coastal Regions. Other Beach Profile Features. CHAPTER 10 The Coast: Beaches and Shoreline Processes. Overview CHAPTER 10 The Coast: Beaches and Shoreline Processes Coastal regions constantly change. The beach is a dominant coastal feature. Wave activity continually modifies the beach and coastal areas.

More information

Lecture Benthic Ecology

Lecture Benthic Ecology Lecture Benthic Ecology Benthos Unlike the drifting plankton and swimming nekton, benthic organisms commonly referred to as benthos live on or near the ocean bottom A benthic habitat may be shallow or

More information

Dynamic Shoreline. Why do we care? Loss of land Damage to structures Recreation

Dynamic Shoreline. Why do we care? Loss of land Damage to structures Recreation Dynamic Shoreline Why do we care? Loss of land Damage to structures Recreation Coastal Water Movement Waves provide the energy Through breaking As waves shoal Speed decreases Height increases Wavelength

More information

UNDERSTANDING YOUR ESTUARY Level IA- ESTUARY SEARCH

UNDERSTANDING YOUR ESTUARY Level IA- ESTUARY SEARCH UNDERSTANDING YOUR ESTUARY Level IA- ESTUARY SEARCH Kakagon/Bad River Sloughs, a Lake Superior estuary located on the Bad River Reservation near Ashland, WI. GOAL Select one Wisconsin estuary to study

More information

RESOURCE BOOKLET M13/4/ENVSO/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX/T ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS AND SOCIETIES PAPER 2. Tuesday 7 May 2013 (afternoon) 2 hours

RESOURCE BOOKLET M13/4/ENVSO/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX/T ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS AND SOCIETIES PAPER 2. Tuesday 7 May 2013 (afternoon) 2 hours M13/4/ENVSO/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX/T 22136303 ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS AND SOCIETIES Standard level PAPER 2 Tuesday 7 May 2013 (afternoon) 2 hours RESOURCE BOOKLET INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Do not open this booklet

More information

Great Barrier Reef: Two-thirds damaged in 'unprecedented' bleaching

Great Barrier Reef: Two-thirds damaged in 'unprecedented' bleaching Great Barrier Reef: Two-thirds damaged in 'unprecedented' bleaching Image copyright ARC CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE FOR CORAL REEF STUDIES Image caption Bleaching occurs when warmer temperatures drive out colour-giving

More information

Exploring Tide Pools. Exploring Tide Pools. Visit for thousands of books and materials.

Exploring Tide Pools. Exploring Tide Pools.  Visit  for thousands of books and materials. Exploring Tide Pools A Reading A Z Level R Leveled Reader Word Count: 1,617 LEVELED READER R Exploring Tide Pools Written by Trica Oshant Hawkins Visit www.readinga-z.com for thousands of books and materials.

More information

YOUR LUXURIOUS GATEWAY TO FISHING THE Amirante

YOUR LUXURIOUS GATEWAY TO FISHING THE Amirante YOUR LUXURIOUS GATEWAY TO FISHING THE Amirante Get Hooked... Desroches Atoll is home to abundant and diverse species within its coral reefs, transparent blue waters and dramatic drops. This natural sanctuary

More information