Earth Science Chapter 16 Section 3 Review

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1 Name: Class: Date: Earth Science Chapter 16 Section 3 Review Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The movement of water that parallels the shore within the surf zone is called. a. tidal current c. beach drift b. salinity current d. longshore current. The accumulation of sediment found along the shore of a lake or ocean is called a. a. neap tide c. beach b. longshore current d. sea arch 3. The sawing and grinding action of rock fragments in the water is called. a. refraction c. abrasion b. deposition d. upwelling 4. Wave impact and pressure cause. a. deposition c. erosion b. tides d. refraction 5. Waves in shallow water become bent and begin to run parallel to shore, a process known as. a. oscillation c. reflection b. refraction d. erosion 6. Near shore, larger sand and gravel particles are moved along the ocean bottom by. a. deposition c. spits b. turbulence d. density currents 7. What happens to waves when there is refraction in bays? a. They spread out. c. They erode headlands. b. They expend less energy. d. both a and b 8. One result of wave refraction is that. a. wave energy is concentrated on headlands projecting into the water b. wave energy is concentrated in the recessed areas between headlands c. wave energy is largely dissipated before the waves reach shore d. headlands are enlarged because sediment is deposited on their seaward side 9. An isolated remnant of wave erosion is a. a. spit c. groin b. jetty d. sea stack 10. What is a wave-cut platform? a. a ridge of sand projecting into a bay c. a sand ridge b. a sandbar d. a flat, benchlike surface 11. A sandbar that completely crosses a bay, closing it off from the open ocean, is a. a. sea stack c. baymouth bar b. tombolo d. sea arch

2 Name: 1. Which of the following is a landform created by wave erosion? a. estuary c. sea arch b. tombolo d. breakwater 13. A ridge of sand projecting into a bay and often having a hooked end is a. a. spit c. sea stack b. jetty d. groin 14. What feature connects an island to the mainland or to another island? a. jetty c. sea stack b. tombolo d. breakwater 15. Which of the following decreases beach erosion without the construction of protective structures? a. seawall c. groin b. beach nourishment d. breakwater 16. Which of the following is designed to prevent or slow shoreline erosion? a. groin c. seawall b. beach nourishment d. all of the above 17. Which of the following structures is built to protect boats from large breaking waves? a. jetty c. breakwater b. groin d. seawall 18. Which of the following describes the movement of sand parallel to the shore? a. It may create spits. b. It is achieved by longshore currents. c. It is an important reason for the construction of groins. d. all of the above Completion Complete each statement. 19. Waves along the shoreline are constantly eroding, transporting, and depositing. 0. When waves reach the shallow water of a smoothly sloping bottom, the wave crests are and tend to line up nearly parallel to shore. 1. Spits and bars are depositional features, while sea arches and sea stacks are features.. A(n) is a barrier built at a right angle to the beach to trap sand that is moving parallel to the shore.

3 Name: Short Answer: Complete TWO questions for FIVE points each. Each additional correct answer is worth one point extra credit. 3. In an ocean environment, where is erosion by abrasion most intense? 4. Describe the effect that wave refraction has on the energy of waves in a bay. 5. What factors determine the type of shoreline features found in a particular place? 6. What is the function of a seawall? 3

4 Earth Science Chapter 16 Section 3 Review Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L OBJ: ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L OBJ: ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L OBJ: ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: L OBJ: 16.1 COMPLETION 19. ANS: sediment PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: ANS: bent refracted PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: ANS: erosional PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ: ANS: groin PTS: 1 DIF: L1 OBJ:

5 SHORT ANSWER 3. ANS: in the surf zone PTS: 1 DIF: L OBJ: ANS: Because of refraction, wave energy is weakened or dispersed in bays. PTS: 1 DIF: L OBJ: ANS: the type of rocks exposed along the shore, the intensity of waves, the nature of coastal currents, and the state of the coast (stable, sinking, or rising) PTS: 1 DIF: L OBJ: ANS: A seawall is designed to shield the coast and protect property from the force of breaking waves. PTS: 1 DIF: L OBJ: 16.1

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