Building Beaches with Navigation Sand, Just Don t Forget the Dunes!!

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1 Building Beaches with Navigation Sand, Just Don t Forget the Dunes!! Ken Willson Kenneth.Willson@CBI.com

2 Introduction Decrease in Federal Funding (Shallow Draft Navigation Maintenance and Shore Protection) Creation of the Shallow Draft Navigation Channel & Lake Dredging Fund by the State Legislature Locals are taking a more pro-active roll in both navigation maintenance and shore protection As communities use navigation material as economic solution to shore protection needs, we as managers and coastal consultants must be diligent in focusing on the design and purpose of the project, not just cheap sand 1

3 Cullowhee, N.C. Hurricane Matthew was not a megadisaster like Superstorm Sandy or Hurricane Katrina, but if precedent holds, simply rebuilding the beaches may cost federal taxpayers billions of dollars You may think that taxpayers dodged a bullet after Hurricane Matthew because the damage to roads and buildings was less than expected. But the Federal Emergency Management Agency considers engineered beaches in which sand is added to beaches and dunes largely to protect coastal investment property to be part of the infrastructer of a community 2

4 Walling, Herrington, & Miller, 2016 From: Nicole Elko ASBPA National Coastal Conference 2016 It really works. Where there was a beach fill in place, there was no major damage no homes destroyed. -Dr. Stewart Farrell, Coastal Research Center, NJ Wide beaches + High dunes + Elevated structures = Storm damage reduction

5 Outline North Carolina Perspective on: Federal Navigation Projects - Sand placed on beaches Local Projects Navigation sand placed on beaches Historic Federal Coastal Storm Damage Reduction Projects Non-Federal Coastal Storm Damage Reduction Projects Summary 4

6 Historic Federal Navigation Sand Placed on Beaches Shallow Draft Inlet Crossing Projects Shallotte Inlet Crossing Lockwood Folly Inlet Crossing Carolina Beach Inlet Crossing Banks Channel (Topsail Beach) New River Inlet Crossing Bogue Inlet Crossing 5

7 Historic Federal Navigation Sand Placed on Beaches Shallow Draft Inlet Crossing Projects Shallotte Inlet Crossing Lockwood Folly Inlet Crossing Carolina Beach Inlet Crossing Banks Channel (Topsail Beach) New River Inlet Crossing Bogue Inlet Crossing 6

8 Historic Federal Navigation Sand Placed on Beaches Deep Draft Projects Cape Fear River Entrance: Oak Island, Caswell Beach, Bald Head Island Morehead City Harbor: Atlantic Beach and Ft. Macon Courtesy of Google Earth and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Wilmington District 7

9 Local Projects: Navigation Sand Placed on Beaches Holden Beach AIWW Crossing Courtesy of Holden Beach and ATM 8

10 Local Projects: Navigation Sand Placed on Beaches Oak Island Eastern Channel Courtesy of Oak Island and Moffat & Nichol 9

11 Local Projects: Navigation Sand Placed on Beaches North Topsail Beach / Onslow County 10

12 Local Projects: Navigation Sand Placed on Beaches Others: Town of Topsail Beach Figure Eight Island Carteret County (Hybrid 933 Projects) 11

13 Historic Federal CSDR Projects Active Projects: Wrightsville Beach Carolina Beach Kure Beach Ocean Isle Beach Utilize Sand From Inlets as Re-usable Sand Sources 12

14 Wrightsville Beach Federal CSDR Project 13

15 Carolina Beach Federal CSDR Project 14

16 Ocean Isle Beach Federal CSDR Project 15

17 Kure Beach Coastal Storm Damage Reduction Project Approx. February 1993 Wet/Dry Line 1993 Conditions 16

18 Kure Beach Coastal Storm Damage Reduction Project Approx. February 1993 Wet/Dry Line 2002 Conditions 17

19 Kure Beach Coastal Storm Damage Reduction Project Approx. February 1993 Wet/Dry Line 2010 Conditions 18

20 Kure Beach Coastal Storm Damage Reduction Project 19

21 Wrightsville Beach Coastal Storm Damage Reduction Project Beach Nourishment 20

22 Wrightsville Beach Coastal Storm Damage Reduction Project Storm Damage Reduction 21

23 Historic Federal CSDR Projects Authorized Projects Not Constructed: Dare County Beaches (Kitty Hawk, Kill Devil Hills, Nags Head) Carteret County Beaches North Topsail / Surf City Topsail Beach 22

24 Non-Federal Storm Damage Reduction Project Projects: Ocean Isle Beach West End (Permit Review) Holden Beach Oak Island (Design and Permitting) Bald Head Island North Topsail Beach (Phase 1 and 5) Bogue Banks Kill Devil Hills (Scheduled for 2017 Construction) Duck (Scheduled for 2017 Construction) 23

25 Storm Damage Reduction Project - Design Preconstruction Conditions 24

26 Storm Damage Reduction Project - Design Constructed Beach Fill 25

27 Storm Damage Reduction Project - Design 25 ft wide / 14 ft. NAVD88 elevation dune 26

28 Non-Federal Storm Damage Reduction Project 27

29 Non-Federal Storm Damage Reduction Project 28

30 Non-Federal Storm Damage Reduction Project 29

31 Non-Federal Storm Damage Reduction Project 30

32 Non-Federal Storm Damage Reduction Project 31

33 Other Non-Federal Beach Nourishment Project Projects: Topsail Beach Initial Construction in 2011 Nags Head Initial Construction in 2011 Kitty Hawk Scheduled for Construction

34 Summary Navigation maintenance material is an economical source of sand Inlets and Channels can provide a renewable resource of sand for the long-term We must be diligent about distinguishing between navigation disposal projects and storm damage reduction projects Although navigation sand may provide sufficient sand for some storm damage reduction programs, many communities will need a dedicated funding source to sustain storm damage reduction projects 33