Questions # 4 7 refer to Figure # 2 (page 321, Fig )

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1 Shoreline Community College OCEANOGRAPHY 101 Fall 2006 Sample Exam # 3 Instructor: Linda Khandro Questions # 1 3 refer to Figure # 1 (page 284, Fig 11.7) 1. At which position is the moon in its new moon phase 2. At which position is the moon in its third (or last) quarter phase 3. A spring tide will occur when the moon is in which position(s) d. 4 e. more than one of these Questions # 4 7 refer to Figure # 2 (page 321, Fig ) 4. Which of the images shows a fjord-type estuary 5. Which of the images shows a salt-wedge estuary 6. Which of the images shows the best mixing between fresh river water and salt sea water 7. In which of these example illustrations is the rate of river water flow greater than the rate of tidal flow Questions # 8 11 refer to Figure # 3 (page 361, Fig 14.5) 8. Which region is the aphotic zone d. 6 b. 3 e. 8 c Which region is the pelagic zone a. 2 d. 7 b. 3 e. 9 c. 5 1

2 10. Which region is the neritic zone a. 2 d. 8 b. 4 e. 10 c Which region is the littoral zone d. 7 b. 3 e. 9 c Sea level is rising since the end of the last ice age, 10,000 years ago. 13. Where is the backshore region of a beach a. inland past the coastline d. between high tide and coastline b. below the lowest average tide e. more than one of the above c. between low tide and high tide 14. When the side of the Earth facing the moon has a high tide, the opposite side has a a. low tide d. spring tide b. high tide e. a and c above c. neap tide 15. When the sun and moon are in alignment with the Earth (180 ), the a. gravitational attraction will be less b. difference between high and low tides will be minimal c. arrival of high tide will be delayed d. arrival of low tide will be delayed e. highest high tides and lowest low tides will occur 16. Which shoreline process is responsible for creating spits a. longshore transport (current and drift) d. sediments from rivers b. winter storm waves e. more than one of the above c. erosion of headlands 17. The deep, narrow fjords of Norway and British Columbia are examples of coastlines a. irregular d. drowned b. glacially deepened e. all of the above c. submergent 18. A tide pattern of one high and one low each day is a a. diurnal tide d. semidiurnal tide b. mixed tide e. spring tide c. solar tide 19. The single most influential agent changing the shape and structure of shoreline and coast is a. wave action d. prevailing winds b. tidal range e. excess precipitation c. alternate freeze/thaw weather cycles 2

3 20. The process that drives the longshore currents comes from a. hurricanes & cyclones b. wind waves approaching the beach front at an angle c. major surface currents, ie. Gulf Stream d. monthly high tides e. monthly spring tides 21. The zone of lighted ocean in which marine producers conduct photosynthesis is a. the photic zone d. the pelagic zone b. the aphotic zone e. the benthic zone c. the abyssal zone 22. The organisms that produce food are called a. consumers d. secondary consumers b. producers e. decomposers c. heterotrophs 23. In photosynthesis, the energy for life comes from a. the stars d. the sun b. chemicals in the water e. other organisms c. heat in the water 24. The classification term which refers to the open ocean in general is a. benthic d. pelagic b. photic e. coastal c. neritic 25. In general, a greater quantity of dissolved gases can be held in solution in warm seawater than in cold seawater a. true b. false 26. Where does oceanic primary productivity reach high levels or spike in the summer months a. in the tropics c. in the temperate zones b. in the polar regions d. on the beaches e. productivity is equal world-wide 27. Coral reefs are found only in areas a. of deep water below 200 meters b. of cold water or in cold currents c. where the water is warm, sunlit, shallow, with wave action d. near deltas or river mouths e. close to the tidal range 28. In the general trophic system of energy transfer, how much energy is lost as heat, at every level 0% d. 70% b. 30% e. 90% c. 50% 29. When the tide is rising, we call it a(n) tide a. neap d. diurnal b. ebb e. flood c. spring 3

4 30. Primary producers in the ocean are called a. zooplankton d. benthics b. plankton e. swimmers d. phytoplankton Questions # refer to Figure # 4 (page 375, Fig 15.2) 31. Which of the graphs illustrates nearly uniform yearly phytoplankton growth 32. Which of the graphs illustrates the effect of added nutrients in the seas after the first annual bloom 33. Which of the graphs illustrates the effect of long seasonal daylight 34. Which of the graphs illustrates light in temperate seas (mid-latitudes) 35. Which feature of the ocean currents is most responsible for the high primary productivity off the coasts of California, Peru, northwest Africa, and southwest Africa. a. downwelling d. upwelling b. cold water e. b and d above c. warm water 36. Which animal or group of animals feeds at the highest trophic level on the marine food chain a. herbivorous zooplankton d. carnivorous zooplankton b. toothed whales e. manta rays c. herring 37. Which of the following organisms is responsible for releasing nutrients back into the seas a. carnivores d. decomposers b. herbivores e. chemosynthesizers c. producers 38. Where are oceanic extremophiles found a. coastal areas d. deep sea trenches b. mid-ocean vent regions e. photic zone of the open ocean c. estuaries 39. Why are there no seaweeds growing in the open ocean photic zone a. no light for photosynthesis d. water is too warm b. no ground on which to anchor e. water is too cold c. too many herbivores grazing on them 4

5 40. Which of the following organisms derives energy from dissolved chemicals in sea water a. photosynthesizers d. phytoplankton b. nekton e. none of the above c. zooplankton 41. Foraminifera and radiolarian are two types of plankton a. zoo b. phyto 42. Diatoms and dinoflagellates are two types of plankton a. zoo b. phyto 43. Which of the following plankton uses dissolved silica to create its hard body parts a. diatoms d. coccolithophores b. foraminifera e. a and c above c. radiolaria 44. Marine mammals include which of the following a. squid d. bony fish b. sharks e. none of the above c. turtles 45. The blue whale is the largest mammal and lives highest on the marine food chain 46. Of 9 species of Great Whales, more than half are severely depleted in population 47. Sea bird populations are fortunately free from environmental hazards and dangers 48. A seaweed s holdfast functions exactly like a land plant s root system 49. Coral reef communities require which of the following conditions a. cold water d. polluted water b. darkness e. none of the above c. beaches 50. Coral reefs are built by a symbiotic relationship between coral polyps and seaweed 25. Which of these lists arranges water wavelengths in order from smallest to longest a. tsunami, wind waves, tides b. wind waves, tsunami, tides c. wind waves, tsunami, tides d. tides, tsunami, wind waves e. wind waves, tides, tsunami 5

6 26. If wave crests are 200 feet apart, the wave will "feel" bottom when the depth is a 10 feet d. 200 feet 0 feet e feet c. 100 feet 27. Waves tend to be parallel to the shore when they break because of the process of a. diffraction d. refraction b. reflection e. reaction c. recreation 29. A region of the ocean is about 2000 m (2 km) deep. A tsunami with a wavelength of 100 km crosses this region. Using the equation (D < L/20), is this tsunami a shallow water wave or deep water wave. a. shallow b. deep 30. Which of the following aspects of the wind does NOT influence the heights and wavelengths of waves a. time of day the wind blows d. length of time the wind blows b. speed of the wind e. none of the above, all are influences c. fetch 6

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