July 7, E. W. HITE 2,047,102 PERMUTATION LOCK. Filed Jan. 27, l936. SAd A. V A. A. -ventot EDWARD WHITE.

Transcription

1 July 7, E. W. HITE PERMUTATIN LCK Filed Jan. 27, l936 SAd A. V A. A \g S. its 7 -ventot EDWARD WHITE.

2 Patented July 7, UNITED STATES 4. Claims. This invention relates to locks and more par ticularly to padlocks, with reference especially to that type of such devices generally known as combination or permutation locks. It aims to provide a simplified lock wherein all unnecessary parts are eliminated and the usual tensioning means operable on the bolt or shackle and locking element in order to produce a 'snap' action of release are dispensed with, thereby rendering the lock less Susceptible of opening by chance setting of its tumblers, in addition to re ducing the cost and workmanship of production. Another object is to produce a suitably strong and Secure lock that cannot be opened until its tumblers are moved to the predetermined setting therefor and is opened after such setting by a mere pull upon the shackle. A further object is to provide a lock in which the engagement of the shackle is effected by the Shackle upon pushing the same back into locking position within the casing, without at the same time upsetting or dislodging the placement of the tumblers, so that the shackle will be both released and reengaged by movements of the shackle itself. An important purpose also is to provide a lock that cannot be opened easily by feeling the tumbler action of release by frictional movement against other parts in the way theft openings are often attempted, the permutation mechanism be ing nevertheless of simple form and character, easy to assemble and readily replaceable for al teration when desired. ther objects, in addition to the general con cept and advantages of the invention, will be re vealed by the following description with reference to an illustrative embodiment of the same shown in the attached drawing: In Said drawing: Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a padlock con structed in accordance with the invention; Fig. 2 is side or end elevation of the same; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through the lock on a view corresponding to Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a view corresponding to Fig. 1, with the front plate of the lock removed to expose the operating parts; Fig. is an inverted elevational view of the front plate removed in Fig. 4; -... Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 4, showing the operating parts in a different and releasing position; Fig. 7 is a like view showing the parts in re leased position, with the shackle withdrawn; Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 7; PERMUTATIN LCK PATENT FFICE Edward W. Hite, Lancaster, Pa., assignor to The Haymaker Lock. Company, Lancaster, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania, Application January 27, 1936, Seria No. 61,096 r (C. 0-13) Fig. 9 is a plan view of the permutation tum blers and spacing elements arranged Side by Side in their assembly relation; and Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the center tumbler. In the illustrated construction, the padlock cas ing is formed by opposite flanged plate members and 2, one forming the front and the other forming the back Section thereof. These are secured together by rivets 3, of which there are nly three in this instance, disposed advantage ously on the points of an isosceles triangle cen trally of the casing front, the same being, of course, inwardly shouldered and upset at opposite ends and their ends or heads in the front plate face being preferably reamed down. Substantially flush and smooth with its surface. Said rivets are large and strong enough to hold and Support the casing plates against heavy blows of attempt ed breakage, in addition to securing them closely together. So as not to be separated by the inser tion of a wedging tool. Apertures 4 formed in the top of the casing, partly in one and partly in the other plate, provide for the reception of a shackle. The shackle member, comprising a U-shaped bar, is slidable in the casing through the afore said apertures formed in the top. The longer arm 8 of this shackle extends inwardly through one of said apertures and through a Subjacent guide plate 6 Substantially toward the bottom of the casing, and is anchored therein by ear-lugs 7 or the equivalent limiting its outward move ment but permitting it to rotate upon its axis. The shorter arm b extends through the other of said apertures only a short distance into the casing and is formed with a notch 8 at its end by which to be engaged. Said shorter arm is adapt. ed to swing with rotation of the longer arm, in either direction, when released and the shackle is withdrawn sufficiently from the casing, the outward slide movement being confined to a short extent in this instance, in preference to a sub stantial withdrawal of the shackle. ne reason for this is that the lock is designed and intended to be compact, and when made in Small sizes there will be very little and restricted casing space Within which to provide for the slide movement. The shackle is engaged in its locking position by a locking pawl 9, fulcrumed to SWing as by pivoting at one end on one of the rivets 3, Sub stantially in line with the short arm axis of the shackle. This pawl, shown comprising an arcuate lever member, is formed with a lateral dog por tion or lug 9a. n its free end fitting into the notch 4

3 (8) of the shackle located in said short arm; a would simply extend loosely therethrough in op similar portion or lug 9b engaging under or erative engagement. An advantage of the pres against the end of said arm at the opposite side; ent arrangement however is that it facilitates the and a third such portion or lug 90 adapted to assembly and the tumbler is utilized as a clamp bear against the permutation tumbler elements or fastening piece on the inner side of the casing later described. These three lateral portions are plate. This spindle is recessed as represented at formed in a substantially triangular relation upon 29 to fit over the axis pin of the tumblers with the end and opposite sides of the pawl, the first an allowable axial play. Its outer end carries an (9a) at a downward angle to the notch and the operating cap-piece or knob, having a pointer others (9b and 90) at appropriate angles to the 3 thereon movable over a graduated dial 32 on Surfaces against which they bear. Also, in cer the front face of the casing which is applied ad tain instances, the lower or pivoted end of the Wantageously by stamping the metal. pawl is made wide enough to provide an abut It will be understood that rotation of the knob ment edge 9d which will strike against the inner causes rotation of the topmost tumbler So as to Wall of the casing so as to prevent its SWinging rotate the others, one by another, in opposite di too far in one direction, or to the left in this in rections. The several tumblers may thus be set stance. However, this will not be necessary in into predetermined permutative positioning by locks made Small enough to give the pawl very which to bring their respective recesses (22) cor little room for Swing movement, its lug 9 then respondingly into register opposite the lug 90 of being capable of serving the function by itself the locking pawl, by rotating in one direction, Striking against the casing wall. The purpose is first to set the lower tumbler by pin action of the Simply to keep the pawl from Swinging beyond middle tumbler thereon; then in the opposite di the Small arc limit of the action intended so that rection to similarly set the middle tumbler; and its lug 9b cannot be carried out of contact line finally back again in the original direction to set With the shackle arm. the third tumbler. The setting of the tumblers, perating upon said locking pawl is a plurality of course, will depend upon the relation they bear f permutation disc-tumblers, of which there to ne another, that is, the relation of the recess are three in this instance, rotatable upon a com and pin of each to that of the recess and pin in mon axis pin 2 fixed to the back plate of the the others. The combination can, accordingly, Casing. These tumblers, having their edges nor be regulated or changed as desired, their posi 3) mally bearing against the lug 90 of the pawl So tioning to open the lock being controlled with ref as to hold it Securely engaged with the shackle, erence to the dial. This, of course, is common each have a peripheral recess or detent 22 in which and well understood in the art and forms no part to receive Said lug. Each also has a short pin or of the invention per se. stud 23 extending from its face engageable with The lowermost tumbler of the permutation a like pin or stud on the tumbler above or below mechanism is made of a diameter slightly less it, the middle tumbler having two of such studs, than the diameter of the others, as indicated in extending from opposite faces or sides diametri Fig. 3, the lesser measure, however, being of a cally opposite to each other (see Fig. 10). Small extent and measurable only micrometrical These studs may be formed by pressing out the ly. The purpose of this is to minimize the pres metal of the discs as shown clearly in Fig. 10 and Sure of edgewise bearing against the lug 90 of indicated also in Fig. 9, their purpose being to ren the pawl, and in fact to relieve said lowermost der the tumblers each rotatable by the tumbler disc of actual pressure thereon such as the others immediately above it in a manner Well known and have, so that its action Will be imperceptible and understood in this art. These tumblers are Sep the lock cannot be opened easily by "feeling out' arated by spacers 24, comprising leaf plates of the the tumblers to bring them into registry with the peculiar form illustrated in Fig. 9, having cut pawl lug. ut centers so as not to obstruct the inter-pin In operation, the lock is opened by turning the engagement of the tumblers with each other. knob () with its pointer over the dial So as to Semi-circular recesses in the sides of said spac set the tumblers into opening position one after 0 ers adapt them to placement fitting between the the other in the usual way. This brings the re lower pair of casing rivets 3 so as to be held non cesses (22) of the several tumblers into registry rotatable but capable of axial movement With the opposite the lug 9 of the pawl, as indicated in tumblers, and recesses or gap spaces 26 in their Fig. 6, whereupon the pawl will be free to Swing peripheries opposite the position of the lug f 90 of With said lug received into said recesses. Since the pawl allow said lug to be received freely into the pawl is not under Spring tension however, it the tumbler recesses (22) when the latter are Will not normally swing to Such position, even brought into registration opposite the same. A With this freedom to do so, and remains in the Spring 27 on the aforesaid axis pin serves to Com position of Fig. 6. The shackle, accordingly, re press the tumblers and Spacers closely together mains still engaged. The shackle is fully and eas 60 for proper operation of the mechanism. ily released then by a direct outward pull there The topmost tumbler is connected for rotation on, whereupon the lug 9 engaged in its notch from the casing exterior by a spindle comprising Will ride off the lower surface of said notch and a flat plate piece 28 extending through an open Swing the pawl into the position of Fig. 7, thereby ing in the front plate member (f). The inner allowing the shackle to be fully Withdrawn as in 6 end of this piece is slot-fitted through said tum dicated. In this position, the lug 90 of the pawl bler, in line With the axis pin, and in this instance is engaged in the recesses (22) of the tumblers secured by riveting or upsetting thereover (see and holds the tumblers against rotation and up FigS. 3, and 9), So as to carry Said tumbler fixed setting. thereon, whereas the other tumblers are mounted When it is desired to relock the lock, the 70 independently on the axis pin. It will be under shackle is pushed inward again, and in So doing, stood that in some instances it may be preferred its short arm impinges against the lug 9 of to mount all of the tumblers direct and solely the pawl so as to move the pawl in the opposite upon the pin in which case the spindle part would direction of its Swing and reengage the lug 9. not be engaged over the topmost tumbler and Within the Shackle notch, thereby simultaneously 7

4 1 3 withdrawing the lug 90 from the recesses of the tumblers. The tumblers are then moved by turning the dial So as to upset the combination and remove their recesses from the position op posite said lug (9 ) and the lock is then again locked with the pawl engaged in the notch and bearing against the tumblers to be held tight in place. It will be noted that the shackle is re leased by the pull upon it and not by any initial movement inward, its full release being effected Solely by the direct outward pull after the tumb lers have been set to allow the pawl to Swing into the position of Fig. 7. It will be obvious that various changes in con struction and arrangement and various combina tions and Subcombinations of the elements may be made without departing from the Spirit and scope of the invention, so that it is not intended by the appended claims to limit the invention to the specific construction and arrangement or organization illustrated and described. Furthermore, the term 'shackle' as herein after used in the claims is intended to include any equivalent or corresponding member, Such as the sliding tongue or catch bolt of a latch lock, and is not intended to be limited to the shackle of the padlock alone. Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to Secure by Letters Patent of the United States is: 1. In a lock, including a Shackle and permuta tion tumblers, a locking member operable be tween the shackle and tumblers to engage the shackle in locking position, Said member being pivoted substantially in line with one of the arms of the shackle at one side of the tumblers and being movable into and out of engagement with said arm of the shackle depending upon the setting of the tumblers against which it bears in the engaging position, its movement out of en gagement therewith being Solely by direct ut ward pull upon the shackle with Said arm acting thereagainst and its movement into reengagement therewith being solely by direct push of the shackle with said arm striking thereagainst. 2. In a lock, including a shackle and permuta tion tumblers, a locking member operable be tween the shackle and tumblers to engage the shackle in locking position, said member being pivoted substantially in line with one of the arms of the shackle at one side of the tumblers and being movable into and out of engagement with said arm depending upon the setting of the tumblers against which it bears in the engaging position, the shackle being released by the mem ber when so permitted by the tumblers by direct pull upon the shackle moving Said member ut of the engaging position by the action of its said arm thereagainst. 3. In a lock, including a sliding Shackle and permutation tumblers, a locking element per able between the shackle and tumblers to engage and disengage the shackle, said element being pivoted substantially in line with one of the arms of the shackle at one side of the tumblers and being held normally engaged with said arm of the shackle by the tumblers by bearing there against, but being freed by the tumblers So as to disengage the shackle arm when the tumblers are set into predetermined opening position, the shackle being then released merely by direct out ward pull thereon moving said element by the action of its arm thereon. 4. In a lock, including a sliding shackle and permutation tumblers, a locking pawl perable between the shackle and tumblers to lock and release the shackle depending upon the setting of the tumblers, said pawl being pivoted Sub stantially in line with one of the arms of the shackle at one side of the tumblers and having a portion engaging in a notch in Said arm of the shackle, another portion bearing against the end of said arm and a third portion bearing normally against the edges of the tumblers but received into corresponding recesses of the lat ter when the tumblers are moved to predeter mined relative positioning, the shackle being fully released from the pawl by direct outward pull thereon with its said arm acting against the same and reengaged with the pawl by push thereon with its said arm again acting against the same. EDWARD W. HITE

5 CERTIFICATE F CRRECTIN. Patent No. 2,047, 102. July 7, EDWARD W. HITE. It is hereby certified that the name of the assignee in the above numbered patent was erroneously written and printed as "The Haymaker Lock Company" whereas said name should have been written and printed as The Slaymaker Lock Company, of Lancaster, Pennsylvania, a Corporation of Pennsylvania, as shown by the records of assignments in this ffice; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent ffice. Signed and Sealed this llth day of August, A. D (Seal) Henry Wan Arsdale Acting Commissioner of Patents.