CHAPTER 8: MECHANICAL WAVES TRANSMIT ENERGY IN A VARIETY OF WAYS
|
|
- Joy Ramsey
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 CHAPTER 8: MECHANICAL WAVES TRANSMIT ENERGY IN A VARIETY OF WAYS DISCLAIMER FOR MOST QUESTIONS IN THIS CHAPTER Waves are always in motion, as they transmit energy and information from one point to another. When you sketch a wave or look at a photograph of one, remember that what you are showing is a single instant in time immediately after that instant, the wave will have changed and moved on. Remember WAVES MOVE! 8.1 The Properties of Waves EXERCISE Compare how energy is transferred using matter to the way that energy is transferred using waves. (See page. 392.) Matter IS involved in two of the three waves identified on this page; matter that vibrates to carry wave energy is referred to as the medium. What is the medium for a sound wave? For an ocean wave? For a radio wave? (This could be a TRICK QUESTION!) 2. A common misconception about surfers is that they are carried into shore by the horizontal motion of water as waves rush up on a beach. Why is this not a good explanation? 3. Neatly sketch and clearly label the parts of a water wave, for three complete wavelengths. (The symbol λ is the Greek letter lambda; it stands for wavelength.) On your sketch, indicate two points that are in phase: indicate two points that have opposite phase. The height of the wave (above equilibrium) is called the wave s amplitude. Show the amplitude (a) on your sketch. Clearly label one complete wavelength on your sketch. 4. The sketch shows a water wave reflecting from a barrier in its path. How do the incident angle and reflected angles compare? (This is called the law of reflection for waves.) What name is given to the arrow that shows the direction of motion of each wave? Reflected angle Incident angle Reflected wave Incident wave PHYSICS 20N NOTES AND OUTLINE QUESTIONS CHAPTER 8 REVISED JANUARY 08 PAGE 1
2 8.2 Transverse and Longitudinal Waves EXERCISE Water waves at the surface are transverse; the wave travels across the surface of the water, while the water itself moves up and down, at right angles to the motion of the wave. Describe how you might move the end of a Slinky spring to generate a single transverse wave or wave pulse. 2. A second major type of wave is called a longitudinal wave. Describe how you might move the end of a Slinky spring to generate a longitudinal wave pulse. 3. Write a clear definition of transverse and longitudinal waves. 4. Sketch a longitudinal wave; label a compression and a rarefaction. 5. Both transverse and longitudinal wave pulses move through a variety of mediums. Generally, elastic solids (like the metal Slinky springs) can carry both types of waves. Liquids can carry transverse waves at their surfaces, but only longitudinal waves within the liquid. Gases can carry only longitudinal waves (which are sometimes called compression waves.) What type of wave do you suppose sound is? 6. If you ve ever been inside a building during an earthquake, you will know that the building can move up and down, and can also shake from side to side. What type of earthquake wave is likely providing each motion? (Transverse earthquake waves are called S-waves, and longitudinal earthquake waves are called P- waves.) PHYSICS 20N NOTES AND OUTLINE QUESTIONS CHAPTER 8 REVISED JANUARY 08 PAGE 2
3 7. What does the speed of a wave depend on? (p. 406) What is determined by the amplitude (usually shown by the letter a ) of a wave? 8. Explain the argument given on page 406 that ends with the equation l = v t. 9. How would you move the end of a spring to generate a periodic transverse wave? What would you change in order to change the frequency of this wave? To change the speed of the wave? To change the amount of energy carried by the wave? 10. The sketch below shows a periodic wave moving to the right along a coil spring. The wave is generated as the left end of the spring is moved up and down; the time for one complete up-and-down motion is s. x v y 25.0 cm a) What is the wavelength of this wave? Label one complete wavelength on the sketch. (50.0 cm) b) How many wavelengths are generated by one complete up and down motion of the left end of the spring? c) How long does it take point x on the wave to reach point y? (1) (0.500 s) PHYSICS 20N NOTES AND OUTLINE QUESTIONS CHAPTER 8 REVISED JANUARY 08 PAGE 3
4 d) How fast is the wave moving? e) Use the motion equation v = d t (100 cm/s) to connect the speed of the wave, its period and its wavelength. f) Rewrite your equation from (e) using frequency. This is called the universal wave equation. 11. Periodic waves travel along a rope with a speed of 85.0 cm/s. The person creating the waves (by shaking the end of the rope) moves her hand back and forth once each s. What is the wavelength of the resulting waves? (25.5 cm) 12. Waves are generated in a coil spring at a rate of 5 in 2.00 s. If the waves are 28.0 cm long, what is their speed along the spring? (70.0 cm/s) 13. The speed of sound in air is about 330 m/s. If the note middle C has a frequency of 256 Hz, find its wavelength. (1.29 m) 14. A sound wave traveling at 350 m/s has a period of vibration of s. Calculate the frequency and wavelength of the wave. (8.75 m) 15. Six ocean wave crests occur in a 29.0 m length. A cork in the water bobs 8.00 times in 6.00 seconds. Find the wavelength, frequency and speed of the waves. (5.80 m; 1.33 Hz; 7.73 m/s) PHYSICS 20N NOTES AND OUTLINE QUESTIONS CHAPTER 8 REVISED JANUARY 08 PAGE 4
5 8.3 Superposition and Interference Any medium that can carry a wave like air carrying sound waves and ripples on the surface of water, or waves traveling along a spring or rope can support the motion of more than one wave at the same time. When two waves meet, the medium must momentarily have the shape of the combination of both waves. The coils of a spring, for example, cannot be in two places at the same time, so that when two waves pass each other on the same part of the spring, the motion of the coils shows the sum of the two waves. Two or more waves passing each other in the same part of a medium are said to be superimposed; as they superimpose, they interfere (temporarily) with each other. The actual motion of the medium as the waves superimpose and interfere can be predicted using the principle of superposition. EXERCISE Two superimposed sound waves have no lasting effect on each other. How does the example on page 413 (figure 8.26) show this? 2. Study figure 8.23 on page 411. Then sketch (on the dashed line, as accurately as possible) the superimposed wave for the two pulses shown below. What type of interference is shown? 3. Read and study page 412, then sketch the interference of the two pulses shown below. What type of interference is shown? 4. Refer to page 404. How does a wave pulse traveling along a rope or spring behave when it reflects from a fixed end? (Fixed means the end of the spring is restrained and can t move.) Draw a sketch. 5. Use the principle of superposition to explain your answer to the previous question (see page 413.) PHYSICS 20N NOTES AND OUTLINE QUESTIONS CHAPTER 8 REVISED JANUARY 08 PAGE 5
6 6. Interference occurs with non-symmetrical waves as well as symmetrical ones. Accurate sketching of the medium as waves interfere can be done as illustrated in the example below. Use this technique to accurately draw the superimposed wave in each of a-e. (Note that for simplicity, many of the waves in this question have sharp corners. Real waves generally always have rounded corners, although they may have the overall shapes illustrated.) a) EXAMPLE Triangular wave Positive displacement caused by triangular wave Negative displacement caused by square wave Point on actual wave, found by graphically adding displacements; = 1.5. Other points are found the same way. Square wave Note that a square wave when superimposed with another wave only moves the second wave vertically up or down. The shape of the second wave isn t changed by the square wave. b) c) Actual superimposed wave resulting from interference d) e) 7. Which of a-e in the previous question best show constructive interference? Destructive interference? 8. Superimposed waves that produce constructive or destructive interference can also be described using the term phase. Explain. PHYSICS 20N NOTES AND OUTLINE QUESTIONS CHAPTER 8 REVISED JANUARY 08 PAGE 6
7 The discussion and sketches on pages show what happens when identical periodic waves, traveling in opposite directions in the same medium, meet and interfere. The result is a standing wave; such a wave doesn t seem to move along a medium, but rather to vibrate about fixed points. Although the medium shows significant wave motion, the wave appears to be standing still. Standing waves occur in all media - in air, in water, for coil springs and ropes, and for large structures like the Tacoma Narrows Bridge. In musical instruments, standing waves represent the resonant frequencies of a stretched string in a guitar, the air column of a wind instrument, or a drum membrane (pages ) The lowest frequency for which a standing wave can occur in a given medium is called the fundamental frequency; for example, a guitar string vibrating at its fundamental frequency will demonstrate a half wavelength, with stationary points at either end and a point of maximum vibration amplitude at the centre. More than one standing wave may occur in a medium at one time. For musical instruments, these additional frequencies are called overtones. Drawing a standing wave in a rope, guitar string or coil spring (as shown at right) is done by showing both the wave trains, moving left and right and superimposing; of course, the spring can only be in one place at one time. Remember that these waves are moving, so in the sketch, only the points marked x are stationary, and along lines y, the rope or spring is flipping from side-to-side. y y y y y x x x x x 9. In the sketch above, what name is given to points labeled x? To points labeled y? 10. How does the distance between two x-points relate to the wavelength of the actual wave? 11. In the sketch above, the left end of the coil spring is moved up and down completely 10 times in 5.0 s. The distance between two adjacent x-points is 80.0 cm. Find the speed of the waves as they travel along the spring. (3.20 m/s) 12. Describe how the amplitude of a vibrating system changes when energy is added to the system at its resonant frequency; at some other frequency. PHYSICS 20N NOTES AND OUTLINE QUESTIONS CHAPTER 8 REVISED JANUARY 08 PAGE 7
8 A sound can be amplified (made louder) through the resonance of a contained volume of air. All wind instruments such as the, clarinet, flute, trombone, and French horn make use of the resonance of a column or tube of air, which is set into vibration by the motion of the player's lips and (in some instruments) by a vibrating reed. Pipe organs also involve resonant air columns. Resonance in a tube of air is an example of a standing pressure wave. Superposition of the original wave and the same wave reflecting from the closed or open end of the tube results in regions of alternating constructive and destructive interference. A tube closed at one end will resonate (waves will undergo constructive interference) if the length of the tube is one-fourth of the wavelength (see p. 419.) A tube open at both ends will resonate if the tube length is one-half the wavelength (see p. 424.) As for other standing waves, additional resonances in either case occur if the tube length is increased by one-half a wavelength, by one wavelength, by one and one-half wavelengths, etc. TUBE OPEN AT ONE END Shortest resonant length : l = λ or λ = 4l 4 Additional resonant lengths : l = 3λ 4, 5λ 4, etc. (additional resonance for each extra length of λ 2 ) OPEN TUBE usually means open at both ends. CLOSED TUBE usually means closed at one end. TUBE OPEN AT BOTH ENDS Shortest resonant length : l = λ or λ = 2l 2 Additional resonant lengths : l = λ, 3λ 2, etc. (additional resonance each extra length of λ 2 ) NOTE THAT THE EXTRA LENGTH NEEDED FOR THE PIPE TO REACH ANOTHER RESONANCE POINT IS THE SAME FOR EITHER OPEN OR CLOSED PIPES: λ 2. EXAMPLES RESONANT AIR COLUMNS 1. A pipe open at both ends produces resonance at a length of 68.1 cm when used with a tuning fork of frequency 256 Hz. Assuming this is the shortest resonant length, find the speed of sound. Shortest resonant length is λ : 2 From v = fλ : λ = λ = m v = (256)(1.362) v = m/s v = 349 m/s 2. At a certain temperature, the speed of sound in air is 335 m/s. What are the shortest two lengths of a plastic pipe, open at one end, which produce resonance when used with a 1024 Hz tuning fork? λ = v f λ = λ = m Pipe is open at one end, so l = λ 4 resonant length. is shortest l = l = m Next resonant length is an additional λ 2 : l 2 = l 2 = m PHYSICS 20N NOTES AND OUTLINE QUESTIONS CHAPTER 8 REVISED JANUARY 08 PAGE 8
9 13. A student uses a tuning fork with a frequency of 1024 Hz to induce resonance in a length of plastic tubing with a movable plunger in one end. The plunger allows the effective length of the tube to be changed. What are the shortest two lengths of this tube for which resonance should occur, if the experiment is performed outside where the speed of sound is 334 m/s? 14. A 3.00 m long organ pipe open at one end resonates when air is blown against its opening. What is the frequency of the note produced if the speed of sound is 336 m/s? 15. A length of glass tubing with a movable plunger in one end produces resonance at points 29.1 cm apart. If this effect is noted in a summer-temperature room where the speed of sound is 349 m/s, what frequency of sound was used? 16. The spacing between points of resonance for a column of a mixture of gasses (open at one end) is 55.0 cm, using a 512 Hz tuning fork. What is the speed of sound in the gas mixture? 17. A tube open at both ends resonates at a frequency of 1200 Hz when the speed of sound is 341 m/s. What is shortest possible length for the tube? 18. A 1.52 m long length of pipe open at both ends resonates when used with a 450 Hz sound source. What is the speed of sound? PHYSICS 20N NOTES AND OUTLINE QUESTIONS CHAPTER 8 REVISED JANUARY 08 PAGE 9
10 Two-dimensional waves, such as those shown on pages 427 and 428 and sketched at right, also show interference patterns. The analysis is for water waves in the ripple tank, but works equally well for other two-dimensional (or threedimensional) waves. In the sketch, the curved lines represent wave crests; the waves are created by two point sources S 1 and S 2, creating crests and troughs in unison. 19. Explain what interference is taking place at points I and II in the sketch above; use the term phase in your explanation. What name is given to points like point I? Like point II? I II S 1 S Draw the central maximum and second order maximum lines on the pattern in the sketch above. What name is given to these maxima? 21. Draw the second order minimum line on this pattern. What name is given to this minimum? 22. Select any point on the second order maximum. How far (measured in wavelengths) is this point from wave source S 1? From wave source S 2? 23. Repeat the preceding question for a point on the second order minimum. PHYSICS 20N NOTES AND OUTLINE QUESTIONS CHAPTER 8 REVISED JANUARY 08 PAGE 10
11 24. Generalize your results for the preceding two questions, using the term phase shift (as is done on page 427.) 8.4 The Doppler Effect EXERCISE Relative motion between a source of waves and the point of detection of the waves results in an apparent change of frequency and wavelength called the Doppler effect. Explain how this happens; include a sketch. What happens to the apparent frequency of a sound source as it approaches you? As it moves away from you? What happens to the corresponding wavelengths? 2. State the general form of the Doppler equation; identify each variable. (You don t need to be able to derive this equation.) 3. A car with its horn blaring moves towards you at a speed of 15.0 m/s. The horn s frequency is 600 Hz. What frequency do you hear as the car approaches you? As the car passes and moves away, what frequency would you hear? Assume the speed of sound is 335 m/s. 4. The apparent frequency of a sound source is 450 Hz as the source approaches an observer at 25.0 m/s. If the speed of sound is 332 m/s, what is the actual frequency of the source? What is the actual wavelength of the source (the wavelength if the source were stationary)? 5. How is a shock wave created? 6. What is a sonic boom? PHYSICS 20N NOTES AND OUTLINE QUESTIONS CHAPTER 8 REVISED JANUARY 08 PAGE 11
Chs. 16 and 17 Mechanical Waves
Chs. 16 and 17 Mechanical Waves The nature of waves A wave is a traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another, and even though matter may be disturbed as a wave travels through a
More informationChapter 19: Vibrations And Waves
Lecture Outline Chapter 19: Vibrations And Waves This lecture will help you understand: Vibrations of a Pendulum Wave Description Wave Speed Transverse Waves Longitudinal Waves Wave Interference Standing
More informationDefine transverse waves and longitudinal waves. Draw a simple diagram of each
AP Physics Study Guide Chapters 11, 12, 24 Waves, Sound, Light & Interference Name Write the equation that defines each quantity, include units for all quantities. wave speed-wavelength equation natural
More informationa wave is a rhythmic disturbance that carries/transfers energy through matter or space A repeating movement
a wave is a rhythmic disturbance that carries/transfers energy through matter or space A repeating movement Mechanical Waves require a medium medium: the matter through which a wave travels examples: water,
More informationQuestions. Background. Equipment. Activities LAB 3. WAVES
Questions LAB 3. WAVES How can we measure the velocity of a wave? How are the wavelength, period, and speed of a wave related? What types of behavior do waves exhibit? Background Consider what happens
More informationChapters 25: Waves. f = 1 T. v =!f. Text: Chapter 25 Think and Explain: 1-10 Think and Solve: 1-4
Text: Chapter 25 Think and Explain: 1-10 Think and Solve: 1-4 Chapters 25: Waves NAME: Vocabulary: wave, pulse, oscillation, amplitude, wavelength, wave speed, frequency, period, interference, constructive,
More informationUNIT IV: SOUND AND LIGHT Chapter 25-31
IMPORTANT TERMS: Amplitude Antinodes Blue shift Bow wave Constructive interference Crest Destructive interference Doppler effect Frequency Hertz In phase Interference pattern Longitudinal wave Node Out
More informationPre AP Physics: Unit 7 Vibrations, Waves, and Sound. Clear Creek High School
Pre AP Physics: Unit 7 Vibrations, Waves, and Sound Clear Creek High School Simple Harmonic Motion Simple Harmonic Motion Constant periodic motion of an object. An object oscillates back and forth along
More informationTable of Contents. Chapter: Waves. Section 1: The Nature of Waves. Section 2: Wave Properties. Section 3: The Behavior of Waves
Table of Contents Chapter: Waves Section 1: The Nature of Waves Section 2: Wave Properties Section 3: The Behavior of Waves 1 The Nature of Waves What s in a wave? A wave is a repeating disturbance or
More informationVibrations are the sources of waves. A vibration creates a disturbance in a given medium, that disturbance travels away from the source, carrying
Vibrations are the sources of waves. A vibration creates a disturbance in a given medium, that disturbance travels away from the source, carrying energy with it, we call this traveling disturbance a wave.
More informationLecture Outline Chapter 14. Physics, 4 th Edition James S. Walker. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Lecture Outline Chapter 14 Physics, 4 th Edition James S. Walker Chapter 14 Waves and Sound Units of Chapter 14 Types of Waves Waves on a String Harmonic Wave Functions Sound Waves Sound Intensity The
More informationSOUND. Pitch: Frequency High Frequency = High Pitch Low Frequency = Low Pitch Loudness: Amplitude. Read Sections 12-1 and 12-4
Read Sections 12-1 and 12-4 SOUND Sound: The speed of sound in air at 25 o C is 343 m/s (often rounded to 340 m/s). The speed of sound changes with temperature since the density and elasticity of air change
More informationIntroduction to Waves
Introduction to Waves 1 What s a wave? A wave is a disturbance that transfers energy from one place to another. The direction of energy transfer is the direction of propagation of the wave. 2 Transverse
More informationChapter # 08 Waves. [WAVES] Chapter # 08
Chapter # 08 Waves Q2) Write short answers of the following questions. i) What is the difference between progressive and stationary waves? Answer: Progressive Waves 1 Progressive waves are the result of
More informationLecture 8. Sound Waves Superposition and Standing Waves
Lecture 8 Sound Waves Superposition and Standing Waves Sound Waves Speed of Sound Waves Intensity of Periodic Sound Waves The Doppler Effect Sound Waves are the most common example of longitudinal waves.
More informationVibrations and Waves Physics 5 th 6wks
Vibrations and Waves Physics 5 th 6wks Waves & Vibration: Introduction Vibration a repeated back-and-forth motion, around a fixed position. (a wiggle in time) Wave a rhythmic disturbance that transfers
More informationCover Sheet-Block 6 Wave Properties
Cover Sheet-Block 6 Wave Properties Name Standards-Physics 4 a b c d 4a. Students know waves carry energy from one place to another. 4. b. Students know how to identify transverse and longitudinal waves
More information4.4 WAVE CHARACTERISTICS 4.5 WAVE PROPERTIES Student Notes
4.4 WAVE CHARACTERISTICS 4.5 WAVE PROPERTIES Student Notes I. DIFFERENT TYPES OF WAVES A. TRANSVERSE AND LONGITUDINAL WAVES B. WAVE PULSES AND TRAVELLING WAVES C. SOUND AND WATER WAVES II. DEFINING TERMS
More informationHITES, 2011 Lecture 1 1. You are in a boat out on the ocean watching the waves go by. To fully describe the waves, you need three things:
Waves A wave is a that propagates p in a certain direction with a certain speed. 1D 2D 3D Physical medium Waves in water Waves in elastic bodies Sound Empty space (a vacuum) Electromagnetic waves HITES,
More informationUnits of Chapter 14. Types of Waves Waves on a String Harmonic Wave Functions Sound Waves Standing Waves Sound Intensity The Doppler Effect
Units of Chapter 14 Types of Waves Waves on a String Harmonic Wave Functions Sound Waves Standing Waves Sound Intensity The Doppler Effect Units of Chapter 14 Optional Superposition and Interference Beats
More information2 Characteristics of Waves
CHAPTER 15 2 Characteristics of Waves SECTION Waves KEY IDEAS As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: What are some ways to measure and compare waves? How can you calculate the speed of
More informationWave Motion. interference destructive interferecne constructive interference in phase. out of phase standing wave antinodes resonant frequencies
Wave Motion Vocabulary mechanical waves pulse continuous periodic wave amplitude period wavelength period wave velocity phase transverse wave longitudinal wave intensity displacement amplitude phase velocity
More informationQuestion. A. Incorrect! Check the definition for period. B. Incorrect! Check the definition for speed.
AP Physics - Problem Drill 11: Vibrations and Waves. Instruction: (1) Read the problem statement and answer choices carefully (2) Work the problems on paper as 1. The following definitions are used to
More informationDefined as a transfer of energy, in the form of a temporary disturbance of a medium, where the medium itself does not move.
Waves: Defined as a transfer of energy, in the form of a temporary disturbance of a medium, where the medium itself does not move. Three Classifications of waves: 1. Mechanical waves: These are waves that
More informationWaves Mechanical Waves Amplitude Frequency / Period Wavelength Wave Phases Wave Speed : Wave Basics / Wave Properties
Waves Mechanical Waves Amplitude Frequency / Period Wavelength Wave Phases Wave Speed 13.1 : Wave Basics / Wave Properties Waves Medium A medium is the material, which a wave travels through (Solid, liquid,
More informationExercises Vibration of a Pendulum (page 491) 25.2 Wave Description (pages ) 25.3 Wave Motion (pages )
Exercises 25.1 Vibration of a Pendulum (page 491) 1. The time it takes for one back-and-forth motion of a pendulum is called the. 2. List the two things that determine the period of a pendulum. 3. Circle
More informationNATURE AND PROPERTIES OF WAVES P.1
NATURE AND ROERTIES OF WAVES.1 DSE AER IA 218 14. Which of the following statements about waves is/are correct? (1) Longitudinal waves can transmit energy from one place to another but transverse waves
More informationWaves. harmonic wave wave equation one dimensional wave equation principle of wave fronts plane waves law of reflection
Waves Vocabulary mechanical wave pulse continuous periodic wave amplitude wavelength period frequency wave velocity phase transverse wave longitudinal wave intensity displacement wave number phase velocity
More informationWave. 1. Transverse 2. Longitudinal 3. Standing
Wave Wave: A disturbance traveling through a medium by which energy is transferred from one particle of the medium to another without causing any permanent displacementof the medium itself. (A Wave Transports
More informationHow do waves interact with objects? How do waves behave when they move between two media? How do waves interact with other waves?
CHAPTER 20 3 Wave Interactions SECTION The Energy of Waves BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: How do waves interact with objects? How do waves behave
More informationToday: waves. Exam Results. Wave Motion. What is moving? Motion of a piece of the rope. Energy transport
Exam: Exam scores posted on Learn@UW No homework due next week Exam Results D C BC B AB A Today: waves Have studied Newton s laws, motion of particles, momentum, energy, etc. Laws for describing things
More informationParts of Longitudinal Waves A compression
1 Waves All substantive material is from Wave Motion and Sound by James Dann. http://www.ck12.org/flexr/ unless otherwise noted. Illustrations are copyright free. Objects in motion that return to the same
More informationWAVES. Pulses are disturbances or a single wave motion. A continuous production of pulses will give rise to a progressive wave (wave train).
1 WAVES Types of Waves Pulses Pulses are disturbances or a single wave motion. A continuous production of pulses will give rise to a progressive wave (wave train). Progressive Waves A progressive wave
More information6. An oscillator makes four vibrations in one second. What is its period and frequency?
Period and Frequency 19.1 The period of a pendulum is the time it takes to move through one cycle. As the ball on the string is pulled to one side and then let go, the ball moves to the side opposite the
More informationWhat Do You Think? GOALS
Activity 3 Slinkies and Waves GOALS In this activity you will: Make a people wave. Generate longitudinal and transverse waves on a Slinky. Label the parts of a wave. Analyze the behavior of waves on a
More informationSound waves... light waves... water waves...
Sound waves... light waves... water waves... 1S-13 Slinky on Stand Creating longitudinal compression waves in a slinky What happens when you pull back and release one end of the slinky? 4/11/2011 Physics
More informationName: Section: Date: Wave Review
Name: Section: Date: Types of waves: 1. Transverse waves: Wave Review To do: take a slinky and shake the end up and down Examples: stretched strings of musical instruments and light waves Choose one of
More informationChapter 17 Mechanical Waves
Pearson Prentice Hall Physical Science: Concepts in Action Chapter 17 Mechanical Waves 17.1 Mechanical Waves Objectives: 1. Explain what causes mechanical waves 2. Name and describe the three main types
More informationMECHANICAL WAVES AND SOUND
MECHANICAL WAVES AND SOUND Waves Substances have a stable equilibrium state Uniform pressure everywhere throughout the substance Atomic springs are at their equilibrium length Can make a wave by disturbing
More informationCore Concept. PowerPoint Lectures Physical Science, 8e. Chapter 5 Wave Motions and Sound. New Symbols for this Chapter 2/20/2011
PowerPoint Lectures Physical Science, 8e Chapter 5 Wave Motions and Sound New Symbols for this Chapter T-Period f-frequency v-wave speed λ-wavelength A-Amplitude Sound is transmitted as increased and decreased
More informationPhysics 1520, Spring 2014 Quiz 1A, Form: A
Physics 1520, Spring 2014 Quiz 1A, Form: A Name: Date: Section 1. Multiple Choice 1. The image below shows two different types of sinusoidal waves produced on a slinky. Which wave is the same type of wave
More informationPhysics 1520, Spring 2014 Quiz 1B, Form: A
Physics 1520, Spring 2014 Quiz 1B, Form: A Name: Date: Section 1. Multiple Choice Questions 1 2: The equations for two traveling waves traveling on the same string are: Wave 1: y(x, t) = (5.0 cm) cos((2.09
More informationCHAPTER 14 VIBRATIONS & WAVES
Physics Approximate Timeline Students are expected to keep up with class work when absent. CHAPTER 14 VIBRATIONS & WAVES Day Plans for the day Assignments for the day 1 Section 14.1 Periodic Motion o Definitions
More informationChapter 20 Study Questions Name: Class:
Chapter 20 Study Questions Name: Class: Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. As the wavelength increases, the frequency a. decreases.
More informationConceptual Physics. Chapter 25: Vibrations and Waves Mr. Miller
Conceptual Physics Chapter 25: Vibrations and Waves Mr. Miller Vibrations A vibration is a wiggle in time A vibration cannot exist in one instant, but needs time to move back and forth. Waves A wave is
More informationCheck out Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Name: Mr. Willis Conceptual Physics: Date: Unit VII Mechanical Waves & Sound Need extra help? Check out http://www.bayhicoach.com Unit VII Study Guide Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice
More informationSection 1 Types of Waves. Distinguish between mechanical waves and electromagnetic waves.
Section 1 Types of Waves Objectives Recognize that waves transfer energy. Distinguish between mechanical waves and electromagnetic waves. Explain the relationship between particle vibration and wave motion.
More information2 nd Term Final. Revision Sheet. Students Name: Grade: 10 A/B. Subject: Physics. Teacher Signature
2 nd Term Final Revision Sheet Students Name: Grade: 10 A/B Subject: Physics Teacher Signature 1 NAME: GRADE: 10 MULTIPLE CHOICES PHYSICS WORKSHEET In the space provided, write the letter of the term or
More informationTopic 4.4 Wave Characteristics (2 hours)
Topic 4.4 Wave Characteristics (2 hours) You must live in the present, launch yourself on every wave, find your eternity in each moment. Henry David Thoreau 1 What s a wave? A wave is a disturbance that
More informationPHYSICS Simple Harmonic Motion, Vibrations and Waves
PHYSICS Simple Harmonic Motion, Vibrations and Waves LESSON OBJECTIVES Students will be able to... use appropriate metric units for given measurements describe how waves transfer energy differently from
More informationChapter 11 Waves. Waves transport energy without transporting matter. The intensity is the average power per unit area. It is measured in W/m 2.
Energy can be transported by particles or waves: Chapter 11 Waves A wave is characterized as some sort of disturbance that travels away from a source. The key difference between particles and waves is
More informationPhysics Mechanics
1 Physics 170 - Mechanics Lecture 33 Waves Wave notion 2 A wave pulse is a disturbance that propagates through a medium. It transfers energy without transferring matter; the energy is a combination of
More informationIntroduction to Waves
chapter 9 Introduction to Waves section 3 The Behavior of Waves Before You Read Think about a time when you walked down an empty hallway and heard the echo of your footsteps. Write what you think caused
More informationi-clicker Discussion Question
PHY132 Introduction to Physics II Class Class 3 Outline: Outline: Ch. 21, sections 21.1-21.4 The Principle of Superposition Standing Waves Nodes and Antinodes Musical Instruments QuickCheck 1.1 i-clicker
More informationWaves & Interference
Waves & Interference I. Definitions and Types II. Parameters and Equations III. Sound IV. Graphs of Waves V. Interference - superposition - standing waves The student will be able to: HW: 1 Define, apply,
More informationCHAPTER 16. Waves and Sound
CHAPTER 16 Waves and Sound Objectives: After completion of this module, you should be able to: Demonstrate your understanding of transverse and longitudinal waves. Define, relate and apply the concepts
More information17.1: Mechanical Waves
New Standard SPS9: Students will investigate the properties of waves. a. Recognize that all waves transfer energy. b. Relate frequency and wavelength to the energy of different types of electromagnetic
More informationPhysics 1-2 Mr. Chumbley Physics: Chapter 11 p
Physics 1-2 Mr. Chumbley Physics: Chapter 11 p. 362-401 Section 1 p. 364 371 Section 2 p. 372-377 Simple Harmonic Motion There exist many different situations in which objects oscillate in regular, repeating
More informationChapter 14. Vibrations and Waves
Chapter 14 Vibrations and Waves Chapter 14 Vibrations and Waves In this chapter you will: Examine vibrational motion and learn how it relates to waves. Determine how waves transfer energy. Describe wave
More informationINTRODUCTION TO WAVES. Dr. Watchara Liewrian
INTRODUCTION TO WAVES Dr. Watchara Liewrian What are Waves? Rhythmic disturbances that carry energy without carrying matter Types of Waves Mechanical Waves need matter (or medium) to transfer energy A
More informationChapter 14: Waves. What s disturbing you?
Chapter 14: Waves What s disturbing you? Wave Properties Waves carry energy through matter. The matter can move with the wave, or at right angles to it. Newton s laws and conservation laws govern the behavior
More informationCharacteristics of Waves
Chapter 15 Characteristics of Waves Waves disturbances that carry energy through matter or space Waves transfer energy. The energy being transferred may spread out as waves travel. Characteristics of Waves
More informationChapter 15 Wave Motion. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 15 Wave Motion 15-1 Characteristics of Wave Motion All types of traveling waves transport energy. Study of a single wave pulse shows that it is begun with a vibration and is transmitted through
More information15815 Super Spring - Student
Accessories Needed, Not Included: PURPOSE 15815 Super Spring - Student Required Accessories: string (2 to 4 meters needed) C-clamp (or any other fixed clamp on a bench) Stopwatch masking tape or labels
More informationPhysics Waves & Sound
Read Page 298 (Wave Characteristics) TQ1. How is a pulse different from a wave? Physics Waves & Sound Day 1 TQ2. What actually moves down a slinky when in the form of a wave? TQ3. What two things happen
More informationHarmonics and Sound Exam Review
Name: Class: _ Date: _ Harmonics and Sound Exam Review Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following is not an example
More informationWaves. Mechanical Waves A disturbance in matter that carries energy from one place to another.
17.2 - Waves Waves Mechanical Waves A disturbance in matter that carries energy from one place to another. Medium The material through which a wave travels. Medium can be any three states of matter: solid,
More informationDoppler Effect. PHY132H1F Introduction to Physics II Class 3 Outline:
PHY132H1F Introduction to Physics II Class 3 Outline: Doppler Effect Principle of Superposition Standing Waves on a String Standing Sound Waves Wave Interference Beats Survey: How did the reading go that
More informationSimilarly to elastic waves, sound and other propagated waves are graphically shown by the graph:
Phys 300/301 Physics: Algebra/Trig Eugene Hecht, 3e. Prepared 01/24/06 11.0 Waves & Sounds There are two fundamental waves of transporting energy and momentum: particles and waves. While they seem opposites,
More informationSection 4.2. Travelling Waves
Section 4.2 Travelling Waves Wave Motion A wave is the motion of a disturbance Mechanical waves require Some source of disturbance A medium that can be disturbed Some physical connection between or mechanism
More informationChapter 16 Waves and Sound
Chapter 16 WAVES AND SOUND PREVIEW A wave is a disturbance which causes a transfer of energy. Mechanical waves need a medium in which to travel, but electromagnetic waves do not. Waves can be transverse
More informationWaves. Name and Surname: Class: L E A R N I N G O U T C O M E. What are waves? Why are waves formed?
L E A R N I N G O U T C O M E What are waves? Why are waves formed? Waves Y E A R 1 0, C H A P T E R 8 G J Z A H R A, B. E D ( H O N S ) Why does a pool filled with water look shallower than it really
More informationA It is halved. B It is doubled. C It is quadrupled. D It remains the same.
WAVES UNIT REVIEW EN: CALIFORNIA STATE QUESTIONS: 1. A sound wave is produced in a metal cylinder by striking one end. Which of the following occurs as the wave travels along the cylinder? A Its amplitude
More information3: PROPERTIES OF WAVES
8/2/2005 3: PROPERTIES OF WAVES Definition of Wave A wave is a disturbance traveling in a medium. A. SMALL GROUP ACTIVITIES WITH SLINKIES Several basic properties of wave behavior can be demonstrated with
More informationPHYS 11 Introduction to Mechanical Waves Heath
PHYS 11 Introduction to Mechanical Waves Heath 7.1 7.4 Waves Mechanical Waves are a that transfers from one point to another. Mechanical waves are a special, easily observable type of wave. A mechanical
More informationChapter 14 Waves http://faraday.physics.utoronto.ca/iyearlab/intros/standingwaves/flash/long_wave.html Apr 30 7:11 AM May 5 7:16 AM 1 May 5 7:17 AM May 5 7:17 AM 2 May 5 7:19 AM May 5 7:29 AM 3 May 5 7:30
More informationENERGY OF WAVES ch.1 PRACTICE TEST
ENERGY OF WAVES ch.1 PRACTICE TEST Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. If a wave is traveling at a certain speed and its frequency is doubled,
More informationi-clicker Discussion Question
PHY132 Introduction to Physics II Class Class 3 Outline: Outline: Ch. 21, sections 21.1-21.4 The Principle of Superposition Standing Waves Nodes and Antinodes Musical Instruments QuickCheck 1.1 i-clicker
More information23.1 Period and Frequency
23.1 Period and Frequency 23.1 The period of a pendulum is the time it takes to move through one cycle. As the ball on the string is pulled to one side and then let go, the ball moves to the side opposite
More information1. Predict what will happen in the following situation. Sketch below your prediction of the interference pattern when the waves overlap:
Name P Physics1 Waves Unit WVE EHVIOR Date INTRODUCTION y the end of these activities you should have: an understanding of interference as a behavior which occurs as two waves interfere while moving through
More informationChapter 12: Mechanical Waves and Sound
Chapter 12 Lecture Chapter 12: Mechanical Waves and Sound Goals for Chapter 12 To describe mechanical waves. To study superposition, standing waves and sound. To present sound as a standing longitudinal
More informationChapter 14 Waves. Apr 30 7:11 AM
Chapter 14 Waves http://faraday.physics.utoronto.ca/iyearlab/intros/standingwaves/flash/long_wave.html Apr 30 7:11 AM 1 May 5 7:16 AM 2 May 5 7:17 AM 3 May 5 7:17 AM 4 May 5 7:19 AM 5 May 5 7:29 AM 6 May
More informationNot all waves require a medium to travel. Light from the sun travels through empty space.
What are waves? Wave Definition: A disturbance that transfers energy from place to place. What carries waves? A medium, a medium is the material through which a wave travels. A medium can be a gas, liquid,
More informationWaves-Wave Basics. 1. Which type of wave requires a material medium through which to travel? 1. sound 2. television 3. radio 4.
Waves-Wave Basics 1. Which type of wave requires a material medium through which to travel? 1. sound 2. television 3. radio 4. x ray 2. A single vibratory disturbance moving through a medium is called
More informationOutline Chapter 7 Waves
Outline Chapter 7 Waves 7-1. Water Waves 7-2. Transverse and Longitudinal Waves 7-3. Describing Waves 7-4. Standing Waves 7-5. Sound 7-6. Doppler Effect 7-7. Musical Sounds 7-8. Electromagnetic Waves 7-9.
More information6.2 Wave Motion. Investigation Wave Transmission: Pulses on a Coiled Spring. Questions. Materials
6.2 6.2 Wave Motion high-wire artist kicks one end of the wire before starting to cross. She sees a small transverse movement dart along the wire and reflect back from the far end. The time taken for this
More informationMechanical Waves. Mechanical waves are created by the vibration of objects. Mechanical waves can be either transverse or longitudinal.
Mechanical Waves Mechanical waves are created by the vibration of objects. Mechanical waves can be either transverse or longitudinal. When an object vibrates, its vibrations form mechanical waves that
More informationWaves Wave Characteristics
Name: Date: Waves 4.4 Wave Characteristics. A transverse travelling wave has amplitude A 0 and wavelength λ. The distance between a crest and its neighbouring trough, measured in the direction of energy
More informationWave a repeating disturbance or movement that transfers energy through matter or space
Waves The Nature of Waves Wave a repeating disturbance or movement that transfers energy through matter or space 1. Molecules pass energy on to neighboring molecules. 2. Waves carry energy without transporting
More informationPAPER 2 THEORY QUESTIONS
PAPER 2 THEORY QUESTIONS 1 (a) Water waves are transverse waves. Sound is a longitudinal wave. (i) Describe the difference between transverse waves and longitudinal waves. In your account, draw a diagram
More informationWAVES, WAVE BEHAVIOR, GEOPHYSICS AND SOUND REVIEW ANSWER KEY
WAVES, WAVE BEHAVIOR, GEOPHYSICS AND SOUND REVIEW ANSWER KEY Instructions: Show all of your work completely in your journal, including the equations used in variable form. Pay attention to sig figs and
More informationLesson 46: Properties of Waves
Lesson 46: Properties of Waves Illustration 1: Is that Mr.C??? When you hear the word waves you probably have visions of hanging ten off of Waikiki. Although these are waves, we will be looking at a more
More informationSlide 1 / The distance traveled by a wave in one period is called? Frequency Period Speed of wave Wavelength Amplitude
Slide 1 / 20 1 The distance traveled by a wave in one period is called? Frequency Period Speed of wave Wavelength mplitude Slide 2 / 20 2 Which of the following is the speed of a wave traveling with a
More informationPhysical Science 1 Chapter 6 WAVES. A wave is a disturbance that is propagated through a system. Waves transfer energy.
WAVES Concept of Wave A wave is a disturbance that is propagated through a system. Waves transfer energy. Crest: the highest point on a wave. Trough: the lowest point on a wave. Amplitude: the maximum
More informationWhat is a Wave? Start-Up: Stretch your Slinky out to a length of 12ft (12 floor tiles ), with one person at each end.
What is a Wave? Name: Date: Problem: What is a Wave? Procedure Part 1-4 1. With your partner obtain a Slinky and answer all of the question in parts 1-4. Part 5 2. With your Partner log onto the following
More informationTypes of Waves. Section Section 11.1
Types of Waves Section Section 11.1 Waves A A disturbance that transmits energy through matter or space Waves Most waves move through matter called a medium. Ex. Waves traveling through water. Types of
More informationFull STEAM Ahead: Waves. Version 1 25 April 2018
Full STEAM Ahead: Waves Version 1 25 April 2018 Full STEAM Ahead! Welcome to Full STEAM Ahead! Today you will be experimenting with the physics of waves. This is a directed and self-directed, self-paced
More informationWhat are waves? Wave
What are waves? Wave Definition: A disturbance that transfers energy from place to place. What carries waves? A medium, a medium is the material through which a wave travels. A medium can be a gas, liquid,
More informationWaves: Carriers of Energy
(Effective and Alternative Secondary Education) Waves: Carriers of Energy BUREAU OF SECONDARY EDUCATION Department of Education DepED Complex, Meralco Avenue Pasig City Waves: Carriers of Energy What this
More informationDirected Reading A. Section: The Nature of Waves WAVE ENERGY. surface of the water does not. Skills Worksheet. 1. What is a wave?
Skills Worksheet Directed Reading A Section: The Nature of Waves 1. What is a wave? WAVE ENERGY 2. A substance through which a wave can travel is a(n). 3. Explain how energy is transmitted through a medium.
More information