Sedentary Behavior & Older Adults: The Role of Neighborhood Walkability
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1 Sedentary Behavior & Older Adults: The Role of Neighborhood Walkability Grantmakers in Aging Annual Conference 2013 "Growing Up, Growing Older: Working Together for Better Communities, Farhana Ferdous The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS
2 A Walkable Neighborhood is What is Walkable Neighborhood? A place that is accessible to all. A place where walking, biking, or mass transit are the preferred means of transportation. A building block of the walkable community, where neighborhoods are interconnected.
3 What is Sedentary Behavior A group of behaviors that occur whilst sitting or lying down. Requires very low energy expenditure. Photo Credit: Canadian Centre for Activity and Aging
4 What is Sedentary Behavior To be engaging in sedentary behavior, a person must meet three very basic criteria: a. You must be expending very little energy ( 1.5 Metabolic equivalents) b. You must be sitting or lying down c. You must be awake Photo Credit: early movement academy inc.
5 RESEARCH AIM The aim of the proposed research is: To Investigate the role of neighborhood walkability on objective measures of physical activity and sedentary behavior in older adults with and without Alzheimer s Disease.
6 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS We hypothesize that individuals whose neighborhoods are more connected and accessible will be more likely to walk frequently and less prone to sedentary behavior compared to individuals with neighborhoods low in connectivity and accessibility.
7 RESEARCH SIGNIFICANCE We chose to focus on walking because Most common type of physical activity for older adults Relatively safe form of activity No special equipment or training is required Influenced by the physical environment Associated with positive health and cognitive outcomes
8 RESEARCH SIGNIFICANCE Positive health outcomes related to walking are: Cardiorespiratory capacity Speed of physical performance, and Body composition
9 RESEARCH INNOVATION Environment and Behavior Focused on interaction between behavior & environment Promotes healthy activity Reduced cognitive decline risk & improved health for those with AD Relatively under-studied area of research
10 RESEARCH INNOVATION Methodological Innovation Cutting edge and rigorous methodology Objectively measure sedentary and walking behavior via accelerometry Advantage over traditional self-reported measures Objectively measure neighborhood walkability via GIS data and space syntax analysis
11 SPATIAL BEHAVIOR-INTERACTION MODEL Spatial Variables Visibility (Visual connectivity, openness) Proximity (Visual integration, accessibility) Sedentary Behaviors Neighborhood Walkability Figure: Spatial behavior-interaction model
12 METHODOLOGY Multi-method Research Design a. Neighborhood characteristics/ Physical environment (via WRATS) b. Objectively measure sedentary and walking behavior (via accelerometry) c. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Space Syntax (via ArcGIS and Depthmap)
13 METHODOLOGY a. Neighborhood characteristics/ Physical environment Measuring Instrument: Walking Route Adult Tool for Seniors (WRATS) Used by laypeople to identify the best walking routes for older adults Focuses on perceived functionality, perceived safety, aesthetics, and destinations 3-point scale of 59 items
14 METHODOLOGY b. Sedentary and walking behavior Measuring Instrument: Accelerometry Objectively measurable Provides an objective measure of activity frequency, intensity and duration.
15 Figure: Objective representation of street network with global integration value of space syntax METHODOLOGY c. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Space Syntax Measuring Instrument: ArcGIS and Depthmap
16 METHODOLOGY Figure: Objective representation of street network with global integration value of space syntax
17 NEXT STEPS (Research) RESEARCH a. Research grant b. Journal article. Photo Credit: NL Group, UK
18 NEXT STEPS (Design Practice Implications) DESIGN PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS To identify the relationship between neighborhood walkability and sedentary behavior. Photo Credit: The Eldercare Channel
19 Thank You Questions/ Comments? Photo Credit: NL Group, UK
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