EQUIPMENT AND PERSONNEL

Transcription

1 1 EQUIPMENT AND PERSONNEL Inland Rivers and Gulf Coast 2013 Section 4

2 Topics 4.1 Equipment Boats Types and Sizes of Towboats Main Propulsion Equipment 4.2 Equipment Barges Barge Sizes, Types, and Uses Barge Design Barge Equipment Equipment Tows Tow Sizes Tow Routes Terminology Operating Constraints Barges Boats 4.4 Personnel Industry Organization Hiring Processes and Requirements Section 4

3 4.1.1 Types and Sizes of Towboats Types and Sizes of Towboats

4 Used to describe a towing vessel that normally pushes barges ahead Come in different sizes and colors All have a bow, stern, port and starboard sides, and some type of propulsion system Towboats Types and Sizes of Towboats

5 Towboats Types and Sizes of Towboats

6 Towboats Types and Sizes of Towboats

7 Towboat Classes 7 River Line Haul River Canal Fleet Day boats Tender boats Types and Sizes of Towboats

8 Towboat Classes Types and Sizes of Towboats

9 Normally we state the horsepower, which gives the tow size that can be pushed This vessel: 90 feet long 30 feet wide 2,600 HP Canal and River Towboat Types and Sizes of Towboats

10 Towboats Long Life feet long Built in ,800 HP Types and Sizes of Towboats

11 Towboats feet long Built in ,000 HP Types and Sizes of Towboats

12 Towboats feet long Built in ,000 HP Note: Sometimes length does not mean more horsepower Types and Sizes of Towboats

13 Towboats feet long Built in ,800 HP Note: This vessel is 30 feet longer than the previous vessel, but has less horsepower Types and Sizes of Towboats

14 River Boats 14 Very large towboat Built in 1953 Classified as a River Boat Types and Sizes of Towboats

15 Operate in all types of conditions Towboat Operating Conditions Operate 24/7, except in: Fog Traffic Extremely high winds with tow of empty barges Types and Sizes of Towboats

16 Larger Stay in western rivers This vessel 3 engines 10,500 HP One of largest in river system River Line Towboat Types and Sizes of Towboats

17 Special Design Towboat feet long Built in HP Note: This vessel has a retractable wheelhouse Types and Sizes of Towboats

18 Wheelhouse Mobility 18 Wheelhouse must go up and down Crew quarters on first deck Types and Sizes of Towboats

19 Towboats feet long 39 feet wide 2,150 HP Note: All towboats are designed with pushing knees on bow made to push barges instead of pulling them Types and Sizes of Towboats

20 Shift or Work Boats 20 Small boats designed as work boats only Work with: Fleets Locks Docks Crew does not sleep on board Types and Sizes of Towboats

21 Shift or Work Boats 21 Variable sizes Mainly used as shift boats or work boats Types and Sizes of Towboats

22 Colors and Stack Decal Logo 22 Colors and stack decal logo like tattoo Both somewhat territorial Types and Sizes of Towboats

23 Towboat Hulls 23 Out of water different from underneath Somewhat flatbottomed hull Types and Sizes of Towboats

24 Towboat Hulls Types and Sizes of Towboats

25 Towboat Hulls New Construction Types and Sizes of Towboats

26 Towboat Hull Construction Types and Sizes of Towboats

27 Towboat Hulls Adding the wheels and rudders to place in water Types and Sizes of Towboats

28 Rudders 28 Rudders in front (or forward) of the wheel are used for backing. Rudders behind the wheel (or aft) are main rudders for going ahead Types and Sizes of Towboats

29 Handling Ability Handling ability boils down to size of rudders, wheels, etc., at the stern Types and Sizes of Towboats

30 The bigger the boat, the larger the wheels and rudders The rudders behind the wheel are the forward steering Rudders in front of the wheel are used for backing Wheels and Rudders Types and Sizes of Towboats

31 4.1.2 Main Propulsion Equipment Main Propulsion Equipment

32 Propulsion 32 Some boats have enclosed area around wheel called Kort Nozzles Effective in deep water, but do not work well in shallow water like the ICWW More commonly used on River class vessels Main Propulsion Equipment

33 Machinery is the driving source of the boat Generators provide electricity for the vessel Generators Main Propulsion Equipment

34 Engines 34 Engines come from different manufactures such as: John Deere Caterpillar Cummings Main Propulsion Equipment

35 Generator Location Depending on the size of the boat, the generators could be at first deck level, or down in the engine room with the main engines Main Propulsion Equipment

36 Regulatory Inspections Even though today we are classed as uninspected, Regulatory has a long history of inspecting our vessels Main Propulsion Equipment

37 Main Engine Variations Main engines vary from different manufacturers, and different sizes, depending on the vessel Main Propulsion Equipment

38 New Style Engines Most new style engines have enhanced electronics that assist with maintenance issues Main Propulsion Equipment

39 Engine Gauges Usually there are sets of gauges on the engines, and a specific set of gauges in the wheelhouse, for the pilot to monitor the engines Main Propulsion Equipment

40 All main engines have some type of reduction gear, or clutch, that rotates the wheel. Reduction Gear Main Propulsion Equipment

41 Tool Shop Most engine rooms are equipped with the same tools that are normally used in any other shop. Remember, most towboats are self sustained with personnel living on board. Trained personnel are professional and keep up routine boat and engine maintenance Main Propulsion Equipment

42 Wheelhouse / Pilot House The wheelhouse, or pilot house, is the nucleus of the entire operation Main Propulsion Equipment

43 Wheelhouse / Pilot House Most all vessels carry a minimum of radar, VHF radio, and cell phones for communication Main Propulsion Equipment

44 Galley Living quarters and galleys vary depending on the size of the vessel. Personnel live aboard the boats, cooking and eating all of their meals on board each day Main Propulsion Equipment

45 Lounge The size of the vessel determines the size of the galley, lounge, and other crew quarters Main Propulsion Equipment

46 Galley Galley design is as variable as the design of kitchens in houses Main Propulsion Equipment

47 4.2.1 Barge Sizes, Types, and Usage Barge Sizes, Types, and Usage

48 Barge Construction Barges are basically built as a big steel box, with walls (called bulkheads) and compartments Barge Sizes, Types, and Usage

49 Barge Construction 49 Cargo tank Voids on the side (wing tanks) Barge Sizes, Types, and Usage

50 4.2.2 Barge Design Barge Design

51 Barge Side View 51 Single skin Double skin Barge Design

52 Barge Construction Add voids on the bow, which can be a sloped (normally called rake), or just a box shape Barge Design

53 Barge Construction Barge Design

54 Barge Hull Designs Barge Design

55 Equipment on tank barges varies; however, all barges have a piping system which allows the cargo to be transferred in and out of the cargo tanks. The pipes used to connect and disconnect dock hoses or arms are called headers. Barge Equipment Barge Design

56 Barge Equipment Barge Design

57 Loaded Barge Freeboard is only about 12 inches to the first deck on a normal, loaded barge. 57 The wing tanks are closed and dogged tight so water cannot enter. For safety reasons, personnel will not walk down the lower deck while in transit Barge Design

58 4.2.3 Barge Equipment Barge Equipment

59 Pressure Barges Specially designed barges called pressure barges are used for carrying liquefied gas. 59 Typical outside hull design is the same; however, the tanks are round and long, usually with two separate tanks on each barge Barge Equipment

60 A pressure barge side-by-side with a tank barge. Pressure Barges Barge Equipment

61 4.3.1 Tow Sizes Tow Sizes

62 Unit Tows 62 Tows can be 1 barge, or 20 barges Example shown: Approximately 900 feet long by 54 feet wide Length equal to about 3 football fields Cargo Tanks Ullage/Expansion Domes Tow Sizes

63 Unit Tows Tow Sizes

64 4.3.2 Tow Routes Tow Routes

65 Unit Tows Normal meeting situation in a canal where one tow is overtaking another. 65 The first tow is strung out, and is 54 feet wide. The second tow is doubled up with 35 foot barges side by side, creating a 70 foot wide tow Tow Routes

66 Typical Tow Entering Lock From the wheelhouse, it is about 800 feet to the bow. Normally, personnel placed on each side for safety give directions to the watch officer. There is usually a device called a bumper placed between the barge and the lock wall to absorb the impact if the barge rubs the guide walls. 66 Deckhands Tow Routes

67 Barge Placement in Tow Barges are placed together in all different forms and configurations. There may be loads, empties, and/or partial loads in the same tow. 67 The example shown is a tow made up of loads in the center and empties on each side Tow Routes

68 Barge Placement in Tow This is the same tow, looking back from the bow Tow Routes

69 Barge Placement in Tow Barges are placed in fleet (basically parking lots for barges) as waiting areas. 69 Tank barges and dry cargo barges are all placed together in the example shown here Tow Routes

70 Barges in a Tow Tow Routes

71 Barges in a Tow Tow Routes

72 4.3.3 Terminology Terminology

73 Face Wires To make up a tow, a boat has to be secured to the barge. This is done by wires, or special ropes that have no stretch, called face wires. These wires keep the boat faced up to the barge Terminology

74 Pushing or Tow Knees Located on the bow are the pushing knees (or tow knees) that allow the different heights of barges to rest against the towboat Terminology

75 Securing the Tow Lines are used for temporarily securing the tow, then the face wires are put in place and tightened Terminology

76 4.3.4 Operating Constraints Operating Constraints

77 It takes a great deal of skill to maneuver a barge as long as a football field and wider than a house in all types of conditions, current, and weather. Skilled Personnel Operating Constraints

78 Skill is also needed in the proper placement of wires for securing the barges. Skilled Personnel Operating Constraints

79 It is critical that all wires are placed correctly. The example shown are the forward and aft (fwd & aft) wires that keep 2 barges secured end-to-end. Wire Placement Operating Constraints

80 Safety is regarded as the highest priority at all times. Whenever possible, develop safety-based behavior and attitudes such as keeping the crew away from the sides of barges. Barge Safety Operating Constraints

81 Barge Safety The use of heavy wires and winches can pose risk if not handled properly Operating Constraints

82 Canal (ICWW) Tows x 600 Tow 70 x Operating Constraints

83 River Six Pack Operating Constraints

84 Correct placement of wires on barges keep them in tow. Correct Wire Placement Operating Constraints

85 4.3.5 Barges Barges

86 Barge Cargo All types of materials are carried on barges Barges

87 Barge Cargo Barges

88 Barge Cargo Barges

89 4.3.6 Boats Boats

90 Sometimes boats have to operate in close range of each other. Close Operation Boats

91 Close Operation Boats

92 Communication and Traffic Communication, traffic, and controlling a tow take skill; however, it is done correctly every day of the week Boats

93 The example shown here is a boat with another boat on top, being pushed by a third boat. This is still called towing. Boat Tow Boats

94 Tow of 15 Barges Boats

95 Tow of 24 Barges Boats

96 Tow of 7 Barges (River Tow) The shape of a River Tow depends on where the barges are being dropped along the way Boats

97 This is a typical one barge tow in the ICWW. ICWW Towboats Boats

98 ICCW Towboats ICWW boats work every day of the week, continually moving their cargo Boats

99 Specialty Tows Boats

100 Service Tows Specialized service vessels bring fuel and supplies to tows Boats

101 Usually in the offshore or near coastal towing industry, one vessel at a time is pulled instead of pushed until reaching traffic areas and ports, where the towboat will break out and push the barge. Service Tows Boats

102 Service Tows This slide illustrates a different type of towing operation: assisting tugs Boats

103 4.4.1 Personnel Industry Organization Personnel Industry Organization

104 Watch Officer The watch officer has a huge responsibility that takes skill to execute safely. This vessel is making a lock; there is little room for error Personnel Industry Organization

105 Crew Teamwork It all boils down to people working together as a team for this to happen. 105 It takes team effort, communication all of the crew working together Personnel Industry Organization

106 Training Training is a constant, ongoing process Personnel Industry Organization

107 From the entry-level deckhand placement of wires and rigging Training Personnel Industry Organization

108 Training to how to throw a line Personnel Industry Organization

109 all skills are learned through training and working together. Training Personnel Industry Organization

110 It all comes down to the crew working together, performing tasks as a team. Crew Teamwork Personnel Industry Organization

111 Watch System hour Watch system (Square Watch) Two shifts Varies on special services Hours may vary with education on CEMS Shift One: On Duty 1 st Watch or Front Watch Normally the Captain/Master s Watch Shift Two: On Duty 2 nd Watch or Back Watch Shift One: On Duty Shift Two: On Duty Personnel Industry Organization

112 Crew Variations 112 Captain/Master Pilot Engineer Tankerman/Deckhand Deckhands All vessels All 24-hour vessels Normally larger vessels Normally tankbarges All vessels Personnel Industry Organization

113 Different Size Vessels/Crew Person Crew 5-7 Person Crew Built for 6, but could have 4 If used as Day boat, 2 Person Crew Personnel Industry Organization

114 Two-to-one schedule 28 days on, 14 days off 20 days on, 10 days off 14 days on, 7 days off Crew Shifts days per year on, 120 days per year off Personnel Industry Organization

115 Crew Structure 115 Master/Captain 3 5 years Pilot 1 year Engineer Steersman Tankerman 6 12 months Deckhand Mate 3 4 years Entry-Level Deckhand Trainee Personnel Industry Organization

116 Shore-side Structure Varies with Size of Company 116 CEO/Owner could be one and the same. With smaller companies, this person may be the port captain President, VPs, Operations Manger, and other management positions (depending on the size of the company) Port Captain usually responsible for handling issues of several different vessels regarding crew, accidents, and/or causalities, this person has usually been a Master, knows the crews on a personal basis, and understands the capabilities of the crews and vessels Master responsible for crew and vessel Personnel Industry Organization

117 4.4.2 Hiring Processes and Requirements Hiring Processes and Requirements

118 Master License Hiring Processes and Requirements

119 License / Certification Hiring Processes and Requirements

120 Master of Towing Vessel Near Coastal Inland Western rivers License / Certification Hiring Processes and Requirements

121 REC Functions Take application of MMC from mariner and provide initial review to send to NMC 121 Give Exams for MMC to mariners Audit USCG Approved Courses Hiring Processes and Requirements

122 Towing Vessel License (1) Master of towing vessels (2) Master of towing vessels, limited (3) Mate (pilot) of towing vessels (4) Mate (pilot) of towing vessels, limited (5) Apprentice mate (steersman) (6) Apprentice mate (steersman), limited Assistance Towing (not used for traditional towing of barges etc.) Hiring Processes and Requirements

123 Oceans Near-coastal Inland Great lakes Towing Vessel License Routes 123 Western rivers (WR) separate from above Hiring Processes and Requirements

124 Master of Towing Vessel Minimum 18 Months time on Towing Vessel to qualify for Steersman 12 Months as Steersman to qualify for Pilot Months as Pilot to qualify for Master Minimum of time is 48 months; however, it usually takes longer to achieve Hiring Processes and Requirements

125 8 hours = 1 day 12 hours = 1.5 day Time of service On a two days on and one day off schedule, on a twelve-hour day watch, while on board, you will receive 1.5 days Hiring Processes and Requirements

126 Other License 126 Other License without Towing Vessel Endorsement that can be valid: Master of steam or Motor Vessel over 200 tons Requires 30 days of observation in Inland Waters Requires 90 days of observation in Western Rivers Completed Towing Officer Assessment Record (TOAR) for each route With the above Towing Vessel Endorsement does not have to be on the MMC Hiring Processes and Requirements

127 Coming up next: Operations 127 Section 4