Soccer. Construct and execute defensive plays and strategies.(11- 12)

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1 Soccer State Goal: 19A, 19B, 19C, 21A, 21B Outcome: The students will demonstrate, explain and identify basic strategies of offense and defense in soccer. Components: Construct and execute offensive plays and strategies.(11-12) Construct and execute defensive plays and strategies.(11-12) Demonstrate passing, dribbling, trapping, heading and throwing of the soccer ball.(9-12) Demonstrate shooting and defending techniques.(9-12) Demonstrate techniques and strategies in goalkeeping. (9-12) Exhibit teamwork and rules through game play.(9-12) Soccer (football in other countries), as with many games, can be traced back to ancient cultures playing similar types of activities. However, the modern game and its rules were begun back in the 1860 s in England as an off-shoot of rugby. The governing body (FIFA: Federation Internationale de Football Association) began in 1904, joined the Olympics in 1908 (1996 for women) and the first World Cup took place in Soccer has since become the most popular sport in the world. It is played year round and in almost every country in the world. Starting Game Play: A coin toss or other such means is used to establish who will start with the ball (kick-off) and which side of the field both teams will occupy at the start of the game.

2 Positions: There are eleven players on the field for a team. How the players are arranged on the field is determined by a team s strategy. Forward: Offensive players whose primary task is to score goals. Plays in the middle and offensive third of the field, but can come back in a defensive role on set plays. Excellent at dribbling and heading the ball. Creative players who are good at finding openings in the defense. Midfield: Play both offense and defense. Primary task is to transition the ball from the defensive third of the field to the offensive third and control the flow/pace of the game. Excellent passers who distribute the ball well. All-around players. Defender: Defensive players whose primary task is to prevent shots on goal. Plays in the defensive third of the field, but may move forward in an offensive capacity (especially outside defenders). Excellent at containing the ball and slowing the play down. Patient players who communicate well. Goal Keeper: Defensive player whose primary task is to prevent goals. Can go anywhere on the field, but can only use their hands in the penalty area (a team may only have one goalie who must wear a neutral color). Fearless players with excellent reflexes who are good with their hands. Excellent at directing players in front of them (as they have full vision of the field). Stopper/Sweeper: Refers to the two middle players in a diamond defense. The stopper is in front of the sweeper. The stopper s role is to cover a forward in the middle of the field and support midfield players. The sweeper s role is as a support player for the other defenders and operates from sideline to sideline. Kick-Off: A direct kick used to start a game, start a new half or after a goal is scored. Ball is positioned at midfield on the center spot. All players are on their own half of the field and may not cross the midfield line until the ball is touched. The team without the kick has to be outside the 10 yard circle and may not enter the circle until the ball is touched. The ball must move forward when first touched before it may be passed backward. A player may not pass to themselves.

3 Skills: Passing: Method of distributing the ball between teammates. Side of the foot pass: o Standard type of pass. o Used in situations where control and accuracy are required. o Pass made with the side of the foot (the inside of the foot is more accurate). o Good when you want the ball close to the ground. Instep pass: o Pass made with the top of the foot (or the lace of the shoe). o Used for harder kicked passes and long passes. o Used when a player needs to get the ball up in the air. Dribbling: Method of one player moving the ball around the field. All parts of the foot are utilized (including the bottom). The ball is kept close to the body. Command of the ball and balance are essential. Trapping: Receiving the ball with control is essential to the game. The ball should come to rest at the player s feet. A soft/yielding touch is employed. Heading: Can be used to pass, shoot or clear the ball. Ball should be driven with the forehead above the eyebrows (side of the head may also be used). The top of the head may be utilized to skim/flick the ball on. Throwing: Used to in-bounds a ball that has gone over the sideline. Both hands must be on the ball until it is released. The ball must start forward motion from behind the players head. The ball must then travel over the top of the players head. Both feet must be in contact with the ground when the ball is released. Shooting: Primary method of scoring goals. Accuracy, power and finesse are all employed. Can be done from anywhere on the field. Defensive techniques: The defensive player should position themselves between the player and the goal. If the offensive player is facing the goal, the defensive player should keep a small distance between them. If the offensive player is facing away from the goal, the defensive player should be close enough to reach out and touch the player or closer to prevent the player from turning.

4 Defensive players should utilize a shuffle step and never cross their feet while defending in close. One foot is slightly forward depending on the direction the dribbler is taking (if dribbling to the defenders right...than the left foot is forward and vise-versa) or to force the dribbler in a certain direction. Contact may be made with the player (*see fouls ). Goalkeeping techniques: Only the goalkeeper may use their hands during the course of play. They may use their hands anywhere within the penalty area (also called the goal box or 18 yard box). They may go anywhere on the field and are not limited to the penalty area. A goalkeeper must wear a neutral color to separate themselves from the other players on both teams (there may be only one goalie for each team). A goalie often wears special gloves to aid in catching the ball. Once they have control of the ball no other player may touch it or impede a goalies progress in releasing the ball back into play (having the ball trapped on the ground with one hand on top counts as control). They have 6 seconds to put the ball back into play (this can be done by throwing, punting or dropping the ball on the ground). Once a goalie releases the ball they may not use there hands again until the opposing team has touched the ball. During a penalty kick a goalie may not move until the ball has been touched. Scoring: A goal counts as 1 point. The team with the most points at the end of a game wins. Overtime: Used for games that cannot end in a tie. Penalty kicks or Shoot-out : o After time has expired in the last overtime. o Used as a final determiner of the winner. o Usually a best of five kickers. o The ball is placed on the penalty mark. o Each kicker will only be able to shoot once. o If it is still tied after five kickers, a sudden death situation will arise (each team gets one kick). This will repeat until there is a winner. o The number of kicks taken will not be recorded as part of the score, but will result in the winner gaining 1 point (example: a game is tied 0-0. A team scores 4 penalty kicks to the other teams 3 and wins the shoot-out. The final score is recorded as 1-0.) Fouls: Free kicks Awarded for a violation of the rules. Opponents must be 10 yards away from the ball (encroachment).

5 Direct o Fouls that involve contact (except deliberate handling ) o The ball may go directly into the goal and count for a point. Indirect o Fouls that do not involve contact o The ball must be touched by another player before going in the goal for a point. Corner kick: o Awarded to a team when an opposing player touches the ball out of bounds on their own end line. o This is a direct kick. o Taken from anywhere on or inside the corner arc. Goal kick: o Awarded to a team when an opposing player touches the ball out of bounds on their opponents end line. o This is a direct kick. o Taken anywhere inside the goal area (6-yard box). Penalty kicks: Awarded to a team who is fouled inside their opponent s penalty area. Cards This is a direct kick. All players, except the kicker, must be outside the penalty area and 10 yards away from the ball (outside the arc at the top of the penalty area). Yellow o Issued by the official to a player as a warning. o Issued for a flagrant foul, unsportsmanlike behavior or repeat offenses. o Two yellow cards equal a red card ( soft ), but the player may be substituted for and is disqualified for the next match. Red o Issued by the official to a player as a disqualification. o Also called a hard red. o Issued for extreme fouls and unsportsmanlike behavior. o Player must leave the game and may not be substituted for. o Player is also disqualified from the next match. Advantage May be called by an official after a foul. If the team who was fouled retains the ball or stands to benefit without the foul an official will call play-on as if the foul did not happen. An official will sometimes wait momentarily to call a foul to see if advantage develops. If it does not the call will be made. Miscellaneous Terms and Rules: A ball must be completely over the line to be considered out (a player can be in control of the ball while standing out of bounds as long as the ball is still within the field of play).

6 A team cannot score directly off a throw in (i.e. a player cannot throw it into the goal). Drop ball: Used when possession cannot be determined on a stoppage of play. One player from each team faces each other and the ball is dropped by the official in between them. The ball must touch the ground before either player may touch it. Fouls that are awarded a direct kick: Pushing, holding and striking/charging of a player. Tripping and kicking of a player. Deliberate handling of the ball. o Arm/hand below the shoulder. o There must be intent. Spitting Illegal tackle o Tackle from behind. o Failure to get the ball (late tackle). Fouls that awarded an indirect free kick Off-sides, obstruction (of player or goalie) and dangerous play (high kicking or playing on the ground). Goalie stalling (6 seconds to release the ball) Handling the ball: o After it has been released and has not been touched by an opponent. o After a deliberate kick/pass from a teammate (note: deflections and balls played off the head are not considered deliberate). o Directly from a throw-in. Off-sides: Perhaps the most confusing penalty in soccer. Must be in the opponents half of the field. Must be at the time the ball is played. The player must be closer to the opponent s end-line than the ball and the second to last defender (The goalie counts as the last defender). A player who is not in a playable position on the ball (the other side of the field for example) is not off-side. Cannot be off-side on a throw-in, corner kick or goal kick. Volleying is striking the ball without settling/trapping the ball first. Created by: David Lichamer