Diagnosing Horse lameness
|
|
- Teresa Alice Eaton
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Diagnosing Horse lameness The 16-year-old Warmblood gelding had been performing successfully in upper-level dressage when he came up lame in his right hind leg. Two veterinarians examined him before narrowing the issue to the horse s front legs. The horse s hoof walls had separated in both feet, with severe coffin bone rotation in the right front. Such is the challenge when diagnosing many lamenesses. Is a horse limping because of a problem in that lower leg? Is he compensating for pain in another limb? Or does the lameness stem from further up in his body? No matter where the lameness originates, veterinarians maintain that owners are best situated to notice early changes. Many can sense when something is just beginning to go wrong, whether it s due to a barely noticeable difference in feel under saddle or even an uncharacteristic behavior in the stall. If you know what to look for, you can get veterinary help for your horse before the problem worsens. Here, in the first of this two-part lameness series, we will examine lower-limb problems how owners might notice them and veterinarians diagnose them. In part two we will examine lamenesses that occur due to body problems. Carrie Schlachter, VMD, and Kirste Timm, DVM, both focus on sport horse health and see a wide variety of lamenesses in their client populations. As the medical director and staff veterinarian of Circle Oak Equine, a practice centered around sports medicine and rehabilitation in Petaluma, Calif., Schlachter sees many horses referred to her for second or even third opinions or for advanced lameness diagnostics. Timm runs California Equine Sports Medicine, a solo ambulatory practice in Santa Ynez, Calif. In the aforementioned case, Schlachter conferred with the horse s primary veterinarian to discover the front-leg-lamenesses. This horse had been compensating for gradually increasing front foot pain for more than six months, says Schlachter. Since it wasn t an obvious, sudden
2 onset, it went unnoticed by the owner and trainer until he was no longer able to-compensate. The good news is that after months of rehab and therapeutic shoeing, the gelding returned to soundness and full work. Such can be the case when owners notice and report a problem and work closely with their farriers and veterinarians to determine a cause and treatment plan. The rule of lameness in the front end is down on sound, meaning the horse s head goes down when the sound leg is on the ground. DR. CARRIE SCHLACHTER Signs of Lameness Lameness does not always appear as a horse favoring a limb, though this tendency is certainly a strong indication that something s wrong. Lower-limb lamenesses can present with signs ranging from a change in attitude toward certain types of work, even trotting forward, to overt head bobbing and change in carriage to the whole body, Timm says. Schlachter advises owners to watch for any change in performance or behavior that could presage lameness. She cited examples of refusing to change leads or jump, running out at barrels, or misbehaving in the starting gate. Of course, these could also be signs of a horse not taking to his training or just being irritable on a particular day. But it s always a good idea to rule out an underlying injury or lameness first, especially when the horse has performed those tasks willingly in the past. Be vigilant for lameness signs, from the moment you walk into your horse s stall through your entire ride and into the-cooling-out and putting-up routines.
3 The owner and trainer are the first line of defense, says Schlachter, coupled with any body workers (grooms, chiropractors, massage therapists, etc.) who see the horse regularly. They are the experts on normal for this horse. They can direct the veterinarian toward what the horse is doing that is abnormal. If you feel something not right while riding, Timm says to dismount and examine the limb for heat, swelling, or wounds, and to check for dirt, rocks, or foreign objects packed in the foot. Once the horse cools down, adds Schlachter, check his temperature and see that he is eating, drinking, and defecating normally. A reason for lameness might be evident immediately a sole bruise, for instance, can be particularly visible on a white foot. Your farrier can identify less conspicuous bruises and abscesses while trimming the foot. Schlachter suggests that if you and your farrier can t find an obvious issue, ride him again at the walk, trot, and perhaps canter, but without-upper-level movements, to see if the problem improves or worsens. Solicit a friend or trainer to observe how the horse moves with you on his back, says Timm. Does he favor a particular limb when you ride him on a straight line? Does the lameness worsen in a circle and, if so, in a particular direction? Determine whether the lameness is noticeable without a rider. Armed with these details, Schlachter says, call your veterinarian and determine next steps. He or she will ask questions, first to determine if the situation requires an emergency visit, such as with laminitis signs or a penetrating wound, or if it can be assessed in a scheduled visit. But what about a vague lameness where you can t see an obvious cause and the horse does not appear to be in great pain? Depending on your situation (e.g., a backyard trail horse versus a show horse), any lameness may be the right time to call the vet, says Timm. Anytime the lameness is so severe that it is altering your horse s ability to move around comfortably to eat and drink, (calling your practitioner) is a must.
4 Schlachter notes that the veterinarian who tended to her horses growing up had a policy called a two-week rule for a-minor lameness without an obvious acute cause. If the lameness is gone in two weeks time, then it wasn t anything to worry about, she explains. Though Schlachter sometimes adheres to this approach in her practice, she says that with recent advances in technology and treatment, calling the veterinarian as soon as possible can often prevent the injury from worsening, shorten recovery time, and improve the outcome. Further, when a veterinarian determines the diagnosis, he or she can describe the severity of the situation, helping an owner decide what steps to take going forward. A bruise or even an abscess usually can be easily managed and will resolve. Soft-tissue injuries, caught early, might do well with rest. Chronic problems such as ringbone, sidebone, and arthritis might require long-term management. Laminitis can be life-threatening and must be treated immediately. A knee or ankle chip might rarely bother a weekend trail horse, whereas it could prove painful and costly to a high-level performance horse. Conducting the Lameness Exam A typical lameness exam begins with collecting a case history, says Timm. That is where owners input is vital because they can trace what they saw, when they saw it, and how it progressed. Timm says she conducts the physical exam next, looking for heat, swelling, pain response to basic palpation and manipulation of the limb, and a hooftester exam. Hoof testers help veterinarians detect pain and its location in the foot. Hoof testers are limited by the malleability of the hoof wall, sole, and frog, says Timm. Some horses are also chronically reactive to sole pressure from the hoof testers, but that may not be the source of an acute onset lameness in that horse.
5 The veterinarian also watches the horse move in a straight line and in circles at different gaits and on different surfaces, which helps him or her diagnose which leg has the problem. The rule of lameness in the front end is down on the sound, meaning the horse s head goes down when the sound leg is on the ground, says Schlachter. The hind end is a bit more complicated, but in general the hip with the greater movement is the lame leg, because the horse lifts his hip to avoid bearing weight in the painful limb. Just like our Warmblood dressage gelding, who threw his owner and veterinarian for a diagnostic loop, horses are good at compensating for lameness in one leg by shifting their weight to another. For that reason, Schlachter says, the trot, where two diagonal limbs hit the ground at the same time, is the most useful gait for diagnosing lameness. When a horse has a right front lameness, it will shift some weight backward to the left hind, so the horse will look off up front and behind, she says. Timm explains that this weight shifting frequently accompanies limblameness. Horses may look off in another limb due to compensatory unloading (of a hind limb, as Schlachter described), resulting in a head nod that may look like a forelimb lameness, she says. Next, once he or she has determined the affected leg, the veterinarian might perform nerve blocking. By effectively blocking the pain in an area by injecting a numbing agent and causing the horse to go temporarily sound, the veterinarian can often pinpoint the spot causing the problem. He or she typically starts this process at the foot and progresses up the leg. Though generally called nerve blocking, this diagnostic method can be used around the nerves or in joints.
6 A perineural block will block the joint and surrounding structures say, the fetlock joint and the suspensory (ligament) branches, says Schlachter. An intra-articular block would block the joint itself without the surrounding structures, until the numbing agent diffuses out of the joint. Timm points out that while blocking won t lead to a specific diagnosis in most cases, it helps a veterinarian localize the problem to know which structures to examine further with diagnostic imaging. Radiographs (X rays) allow veterinarians to detect bone problems such as arthritis or knee chips, while ultrasound gives them the ability to assess soft tissue and bone surfaces for damage (including emerging tendon problems). If they re unable to diagnose the underlying cause with either of those tools, a veterinarian might recommend MRI, CT, or nuclear scintigraphy (bone scan). Such imaging will likely require referral to a facility equipped with those diagnostic tools and could require anesthesia. With a bone scan, the horse must stay at the facility until the injected radioactive isotope used for that imaging modality clears his system. Costs also rise considerably with these tools. Both MRI and nuclear scintigraphy can run several thousand dollars, says Timm. So they are not generally the first line of diagnostics until other modalities have been used and often treatments tried with no improvement. Horses may look off in another limb due to compensatory unloading. DR. KIRSTE TIMM These advanced diagnostics do allow veterinarians to find lamenesses and their causes more often and earlier. And because horses compensate for lameness using sound limbs, solving the primary lameness might prevent a secondary one from developing.
7 Multi-limb lameness is one of the most common reasons for treatment failure, says Schlachter. This is where having a whole-horse approach becomes-imperative. Take-Home Message Horse owners are in the best position to detect lamenesses early. Veterinarians use owner information in tandem with a thorough soundness examination to pinpoint the lameness, find the cause, and treat it. They start at the foot and work up, as many lamenesses stem from problems in the foot, pastern, fetlock, cannon bone, or up to the knee or hock. However, some lamenesses are caused by problems higher in the body, a subject we ll cover in the upcoming second installment of this series.
Fetlock Lameness It s importance
Fetlock Lameness It s importance Fetlock Lameness It s importance and how MRI can assist in making the difficult diagnosis Dr Robin Bell and Professor Leo Jeffcott Equine Performance and Imaging Centre,
More informationDiagnosing and Treating Equine Lameness
Diagnosing and Treating Equine Lameness Has your horse got a limp? Determine what s wrong and then help him heal. s t a c e y n e d r o w - w i g m o r e A Note From The Editor Here at MyHorse Daily we
More informationCHARACTERISTICS OF ORTHOPAEDIC PROBLEMS IN ENDURANCE HORSES
Vet Times The website for the veterinary profession https://www.vettimes.co.uk CHARACTERISTICS OF ORTHOPAEDIC PROBLEMS IN ENDURANCE HORSES Author : Annamaria Nagy Categories : Vets Date : September 19,
More informationKeeping Horses Sound. Recognising Early Symptoms. Dianne Jenkins.
Keeping Horses Sound Recognising Early Symptoms Dianne Jenkins www.jent.net.au Endurance Riding A discipline many horses can cope with and still have a few issues because. Long distances in straight lines
More informationAAEP PROTOCOL FOR THE DETECTION OF PRESSURE
AAEP PROTOCOL FOR THE DETECTION OF PRESSURE SHOEING MIDGE LEITCH, VMD, DACVS CHAIR AAEP TWH TASK FORCE Putting the Horse First: Veterinary Recommendations for Ending the Soring of Tennessee Walking Horses
More informationProceedings of the American Association of Equine Practitioners - Focus Meeting. Focus on the Foot
www.ivis.org Proceedings of the American Association of Equine Practitioners - Focus Meeting Focus on the Foot Columbus, Ohio, USA 2009 Next Focus Meeting: July 18-20, 2010 - Focus on Upper and Lower Respiratory
More informationUnsoundnesses. Equine Conformation Part II: Skeletal Structure
Unsoundnesses Equine Conformation Part II: Skeletal Structure Words of Wisdom A horse must have structurally correct legs to be a performance athlete Without good hooves there would be no horse Most Common
More informationBone Spavin Bucked Shin. Carpitis. #2 Unsoundnesses. #3 Unsoundnesses. Unsoundnesses. Unsoundnesses
#1 #2 #3 J C M Bone Spavin Bucked Shin Carpitis Bone spavin is arthritis in the small bones of the hock, caused by too much stress or concussion. If the calcium deposits cause the bones to fuse together,
More informationGREGORY S TEXTBOOK OF FARRIERY
GREGORY S TEXTBOOK OF FARRIERY Order online at: http://www.heartlandhorseshoeing.com NOTE: This FREE sample chapter is provided for personal use only. You MAY NOT distribute, republish, or place this file
More information2004 EASTERN NATIONAL 4-H HORSE BOWL ROUND THREE. 1. Q. If a horse is base-narrow what unsoundness conditions can occur?
2004 EASTERN NATIONAL 4-H HORSE BOWL ROUND THREE ONE ON ONE 1. Q. If a horse is base-narrow what unsoundness conditions can occur? A. Ringbone, sidebone and heel bruising S. HIH 230 2-3 2. Q. What is the
More informationT O D A Y. program update with Coach Scott Hassler. YOUNG HORSE TRAINING Longeing Youngsters Starting Lusitanos Prepare for Materiale Classes
January 2009 Dressage Today Hilltop Farm Breeding Global Forum Courtney King-Dye on Position Scott Hassler/Young Horse Program Stem Cell Therapy Vaccination Plan Special Report from the Global Dressage
More informationNancy Camp NHC101:17 March 1, Assignment Week 7
Nancy Camp NHC101:17 March 1, 2009 Assignment Week 7 Equine massage is a topic of increasing importance in horse care and is my chosen alternative therapy. Professional and recreational horse owners use
More informationPetplan Equine Veterinary Certificate of Examination for Mortality Insurance
Section 1 to be completed by the owner of the Horse (1 Horse per Certificate) 1. Details of horse proposed for Insurance Name Breed Colour Age Brand/Markings/Micro chip/tattoo No Approx Height 2. Are you
More informationHow to Develop a Preventive Foot Care Program A Model
How to Develop a Preventive Foot Care Program A Model Richard A. Mansmann, VMD, PhD; Christine King, BVSc, MACVSc, M Vet Clin Stud; and Elizabeth Stewart Developing a preventive foot care program provides
More informationABOUT COMPRESSION AND SILVER WHINNYS
ABOUT COMPRESSION AND SILVER WHINNYS Silver Whinnys are built with a light, resting level compression. They are not therapeutic compression socks. Little information is accessible about applied compression
More informationEquine Digital Pulses
Equine Digital Pulses Hoof Anatomy and Leg Structure Checking equine digital pulses is an important horse management tool. It can help you identify pain or inflammation in horse hooves or determine if
More informationHoliday Newsletter December 2016
Holiday Newsletter December 2016 The holidays A time to reflect once again on what s important. For us it s the care and wellbeing of our horses and our relationship with our barn family and friends. Without
More informationTHAL EQUINE LLC Regional Equine Hospital Horse Owner Education & Resources Santa Fe, New Mexico
THAL EQUINE LLC Regional Equine Hospital Horse Owner Education & Resources Santa Fe, New Mexico 505-438-6590 www.thalequine.com Handling Equine Emergencies: What Horse Owners Should Know I define an equine
More information2015 JUNIOR UNSOUNDNESS & LAMENESS
2015 JUNIOR UNSOUNDNESS & LAMENESS EASY 6596 (easy) HIH455-6 Q: When is lameness due to osselets most pronounced? A: During exercise 6597 (easy) HIH455-7 Q: Name 2 things you can do to treat a splint?
More informationSHIRE HORSE SOCIETY MINIMUM ACCEPTABLE SHOEING STANDARDS FOR SHIRE HORSES
SHIRE HORSE SOCIETY MINIMUM ACCEPTABLE SHOEING STANDARDS FOR SHIRE HORSES This document has been produced with the cooperation of The Worshipful Company of Farriers, The Farriers Registration Council,
More informationWhat is the Whole Horse approach? By Esco Buff, PhD, CF
What is the Whole Horse approach? By Esco Buff, PhD, CF The term whole horse has been used by many different professionals to describe a whole host of ideas and concepts. In recent years, the term whole
More informationThe Importance and Basics of Equine Hoof Care NO HOOF, NO HORSE
The Importance and Basics of Equine Hoof Care NO HOOF, NO HORSE ARCADIA BIRKLID Hoof Matters Certified Farrier Services AAPF Accredited Professional Farrier AFEC Certified Farrier 8 years of practice in
More informationneurectomia, lameness, pain, hoof deformation, hoof physiology
Nerve cut and the consequences - case example Dr.med.vet. Hiltrud Strasser, Tuebingen, Germany Key words: neurectomia, lameness, pain, hoof deformation, hoof physiology Summary In this lecture a case of
More informationCASE NO. COMPLAINT Plaintiff, Picheny Equestrian Enterprises, Inc. ("Picheny"), as and for its
IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE 15TH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT IN AND FOR PALM BEACH COUNTY, FLORIDA GENERAL JURISDICTION DIVISION Civil Action?- ( CASE NO. PICHENY EQUEST~AN ENTERPRisEs, IN~ "~mo CA 0 ~ 0 8 6 0 xxxx
More informationA mark or deformity that diminishes the beauty, but does not affect usefulness of the horse. -HS 12. Blemish. Defect
A mark or deformity that diminishes the beauty, but does not affect usefulness of the horse. -HS 12 Blemish Any mark or blemish that impairs usefulness, unsoundness. -HS 12 To limp slightly. -HS 12 Defect
More informationSOUTH AFRICAN PONY CLUB
SOUTH AFRICAN PONY CLUB Equine First Aid Achievement Badge WORKBOOK Objectives: To be able to recognize signs of good health and ill health in a horse To know how to treat minor wounds and illne ss, but
More informationOops! My Horse Stumbles!
Oops! My Horse Stumbles! Stumbling in horses is serious business. Here's advice from a veterinarian and a trainer on dealing with this dangerous problem. By Elaine Pascoe Oct 26, 2011 Your horse suddenly
More informationReport from the Veterinary examinations at LM "Fit for competition test"
Report from the Veterinary examinations at LM 2011 "Fit for competition test" To ensure that only healthy horses in good physical condition are used for competition, a standard veterinary test has been
More informationUSPC Tutoring Tuesday Webinar Series
USPC Tutoring Tuesday Webinar Series Sponsored by: Horse Management in Real Life How USPC Develops the Next Generation of Horsepeople Presented by: Becky Smith USPC Horse Management Committee Co-Chair
More informationHow to Find a Good Farrier and Keep Him by Henry Heymering, CJF, RMF 1994, 2000, 2011
How to Find a Good Farrier and Keep Him by Henry Heymering, CJF, RMF 1994, 2000, 2011 Getting quality horseshoeing is a matter of recognizing good shoeing work, recognizing a shoer's qualifications, and
More informationSYMPOSIUM OPTIMIZING YOUR HORSE S STRAIGHTNESS, BALANCE & PERFORMANCE. Featuring Kerry Ridgway, DVM and Manolo Mendez, Specialist in Dressage
SYMPOSIUM OPTIMIZING YOUR HORSE S STRAIGHTNESS, BALANCE & PERFORMANCE Featuring Kerry Ridgway, DVM and Manolo Mendez, Specialist in Dressage June 9-10, 2012 Circle Oak Equine, 909 Mustang Court, Petaluma,
More informationFounder (Laminitis) in Horses
Founder (Laminitis) in Horses Updated: July 2007 Figure 1: A horse displaying a classical foundered stance (photograph courtesy C. Pawsey). This Agriculture Note describes the common horse ailment know
More informationCLUB FOOT ( ) Revised PETE RAMEY. Copyright 2006
CLUB FOOT (2-28-05) Revised 1-8-06 PETE RAMEY Copyright 2006 A club footed horse is defined by most people as a horse with one hoof that grows more upright than the one on the other side. Normally we re
More informationDONKEY FOOT CARE NOTES FOR FARRIERS INTRODUCTION
DONKEY FOOT CARE NOTES FOR FARRIERS INTRODUCTION Just like horses, most donkeys will require a foot trim every 6-10 weeks however care must be taken when trimming donkey s feet as there are many ways in
More informationHow a horse moves its feet and legs at a walk, trot, etc. -HH 8. Action
How a horse moves its feet and legs at a walk, trot, etc. -HH 8 Action The lower leg bone below knee or below hock, and above the fetlock joint. - HH 8 Cannon The horny growths on inside of horse s leg;
More informationFlorida 4-H Horse Horsemanship Level I
Florida 4-H Horse Horsemanship Level I Name: Name of Club: Years in 4H Age: Equal Opportunity / Affirmative Action Institution In accordance with the Americans with Disabilities Act and Section 286.26,
More informationTHAL EQUINE LLC Regional Equine Hospital Horse Owner Education & Resources Santa Fe, New Mexico
THAL EQUINE LLC Regional Equine Hospital Horse Owner Education & Resources Santa Fe, New Mexico 505-438-6590 www.thalequine.com Colic Surgery: What Horse Owners Should Know Tonight, at midnight, you are
More informationCANADIAN PONY CLUB C LEVEL WRITTEN/ORAL SPRING 2013
CANADIAN PONY CLUB C LEVEL WRITTEN/ORAL SPRING 2013 REFERENCES: MH Manual of Horsemanship 13th Edition [2005] US C USPC C Manual US D USPC D Manual CMS USPC Conformation Movement and Soundness HCH Horse
More informationHolistic Horse Bodyworks Comprehensive Care. Tailored Solutions. Real Results.
Holistic Horse Bodyworks Comprehensive Care. Tailored Solutions. Real Results. Ilene Nessenson, JD Certified Equine Body Worker Owner, Holistic Horse Bodyworks, LLC (503) 867-1023 www.holistichorsebodyworks.com
More informationClinical procedures documentation
Clinical procedures documentation Prepared by Professor Roger K.W. Smith, Professor of Equine Orthopaedics, The Royal Veterinary College, England. Background The (EqueStride ) tendon support is an adjustable
More informationAdoption application
Pony Up Rescue for Equines PO Box 1023 Olalla, WA 98359 EIN#26-4237505 Adoption application I understand that this is only an application and that the filling out of this form implies no guarantee of approval
More informationProspective Evaluation of Forelimb Flexion Tests in Practice: Clinical Response, Radiographic Correlations, and Predictive Value for Future Lameness
Prospective Evaluation of Forelimb Flexion Tests in Practice: Clinical Response, Radiographic Correlations, and Predictive Value for Future Lameness David W. Ramey, DVM Many otherwise normal horses demonstrate
More informationTable of Contents Introduction 4 Chapter 1 5 Joint Problems 5 Chapter 2 21 Ligaments and Tendons 21 Chapter 3 26 Muscles 26
Table of Contents Introduction 4 Chapter 1 5 Joint Problems 5 Causes of Lameness 5 Navicular 5 Signs of Navicular Syndrome 6 Treatment 6 Pastern and Fetlock Joint Problems 8 Body Angles 9 Judging Confirmation
More informationEmphasis on Inspection for Horse Protection Program with Horse Protection Act and Regulations cited
Emphasis on Inspection for Horse Protection Program with Horse Protection Act and Regulations cited Definition of sore HPR Sec.11.1 Sore when used to describe a horse means: (1) An irritating or blistering
More information.org. Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylitis) Anatomy. Cause
Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylitis) Page ( 1 ) Tennis elbow, or lateral epicondylitis, is a painful condition of the elbow caused by overuse. Not surprisingly, playing tennis or other racquet sports can
More informationThe Consequences of Hoof Overgrowth Geri White, Barefoot Hoof Care Specialist
The Consequences of Hoof Overgrowth Geri White, Barefoot Hoof Care Specialist www.nativehoof.com Hoof overgrowth is one of the most common hoof pathologies I deal with, and yes, I consider it a pathology
More informationReport on Trip to Rood and Riddle, Kentucky USA 10 July 2011 to 22 July Tim Pearce and Pat Crowley
Report on Trip to Rood and Riddle, Kentucky USA 10 July 2011 to 22 July 2011 Introduction Tim Pearce and Pat Crowley After approximately 20 hours flying time with an 18 hour stopover in San Francisco,
More informationWhat is Laminitis inflammation of the laminae of the hoof capsule
Laminitis What is Laminitis inflammation of the laminae of the hoof capsule What are the laminae? The pedal bone is suspended within the hoof capsule by the laminae. The sensitive laminae are attached
More informationGrooming Certification written portion
Grooming Certification written portion Vocabulary: Fetlock Joint The lowest joint on a horse s leg, located directly above the pastern. Similar to an ankle. Pastern A short bone on a horses leg in between
More informationHorse Record Book 2017
Horse Record Book 2017 January to Fair Record books are mandatory for all horse exhibitors except Cloverbuds Record books must be turned in during exhibitor check-in on Sun. 10 a.m. -2 p.m. Record books
More informationPegasus Limb Phasing, how can it be used and what will it tell me?
Pegasus Limb Phasing, how can it be used and what will it tell me? ETB Pegasus Limb Phasing How can it be used and what will it tell me? * For Precision Riding* ETB Pegasus Limb Phasing is a training and
More informationVCE VET EQUINE INDUSTRY
Victorian Certificate of Education 2004 SUPERVISOR TO ATTACH PROCESSING LABEL HERE VCE VET EQUINE INDUSTRY Written examination Monday 1 November 2004 Reading time: 9.00 am to 9.15 am (15 minutes) Writing
More informationOverriding Spinous Processes ( Kissing Spines ) in Horses: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outcome in 212 Cases
Overriding Spinous Processes ( Kissing Spines ) in Horses: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outcome in 212 Cases Tracy A. Turner, DVM, MS, Diplomate ACVS Kissing spines is a radiographic diagnosis. It occurs
More informationHorse Vocabulary. By Debbie Miller, Trainer, Instructor
Horse Vocabulary By Debbie Miller, Trainer, Instructor 1. Lunge Line Usually made of cotton, canvas or nylon about 25 feet long with a chain at one end to attach to the horse s halter or bridle. It is
More informationThings to Know About Equine Donations
Things to Know About Equine Donations ROCK accepts donations of equines into our program after passing an evaluation and trial period at the ROCK facilities. Equines who come to ROCK may partner in our
More informationFULTON COUNTY 4-H HORSE QUEEN & KING CONTEST. ***ATTACH A RECENT PHOTO FOR PUBLICITY PURPOSES*** 1 point
FULTON COUNTY 4-H HORSE QUEEN & KING CONTEST ***ATTACH A RECENT PHOTO FOR PUBLICITY PURPOSES*** 1 point RULES 1. Applicants must be at least 13 years old as of January 1 st of application year. Applications
More informationCERTIFICATE 2 ASSESSMENT REQUEST
Tandivale Equestrian Centre Providing Comprehensive Equestrian Education since 1976 88 Johansons Road Warrandyte VIC 3113 9844 3882 www.tandivale.com Tandivale@hotmail.com CERTIFICATE 2 ASSESSMENT REQUEST
More informationCANADIAN PONY CLUB. Spring 2016
CANADIAN PONY CLUB D2 LEVEL WRITTEN/ORAL Spring 2016 References: MH The Manual of Horsemanship 13 th Edition (2005) USD USPC Manual of Horsemanship D Level 2 nd Edition (2012) USC USPC Manual of Horsemanship
More informationLeg Set: Its Effect on Action and Soundness of Horses
Leg Set: Its Effect on Action and Soundness of Horses Melvin Bradley Department of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia It is difficult to over-emphasize underpinning (feet and legs) when appraising
More informationFarrier. A horseshoer. -HH 47. Hoof. The foot as a whole on horses. The curved covering of horn over the foot. -HH 47
A horseshoer. -HH 47 Farrier The foot as a whole on horses. The curved covering of horn over the foot. -HH 47 Hoof Front toes turned out, heels turned in. Can be helped or corrected by trimming the outer
More informationIhave had a lot of success
A PUBLICATION OF PRACTICAL IDEAS AND SOLUTIONS FOR FARRIERS Volume 4: Issue 3 Application of the Heart Bar Shoe DAVE FARLEY, CF Ihave had a lot of success over the years with the heart bar shoe. Burney
More informationFoot Flutter Lameness
Foot Flutter Lameness Author Esco Buff, BS, PhD, CF. Authors Address: Esco Buff s Equine Educational Enterprises, 631 Bay Road, Webster, NY, 14580, (585)298-6619 (telephone), (585)787-9052 (fax), esco@escobuff.com
More informationEMERGENCY CARE. Guidelines to Follow During Equine Emergencies
EMERGENCY CARE Guidelines to Follow During Equine Emergencies If you own a horse long enough, sooner or later you are likely to confront a medical emergency. There are several behavioral traits that make
More informationDriving Forces. by Regina Käsmayr
Driving Forces by Regina Käsmayr Driving is a lot more than nagging with your legs. Many a rider should first visit a gym in order to correctly place the lower leg against the horse. How to feel for the
More informationA challenging case of laminitis rehab By Andrew and Nicky Bowe
A challenging case of laminitis rehab By Andrew and Nicky Bowe (pictured below Cotton Socks right fore before and during rehabilitation) The primary aim of laminitis rehab is survival of the patient, which
More informationArena Footing and Design
Arena Footing and Design When the conversation between horsemen and women turns to arena footing, confusion usually ensues. Everyone seems to have different ideas about what makes good and safe footing
More informationPREPARED BY: Leslie Price YEAR: 2014 QUESTION: What is "laminae"? ANSWER: CARD: 20 REFERENCE: Horse and Horsemanship CHAPTER: 10 PAGE: 47 QUESTION:
CARD: 17 REFERENCE: Horse and Horsemanship CHAPTER: 10 PAGE: 47 `What is a "farrier"? A person who shoes horses CARD: 18 REFERENCE: Horse and Horsemanship CHAPTER: 10 PAGE: 47 What is "laminae"? The horney
More informationWHAT DO HEALTHY HORSE FEET LOOK LIKE AND HOW MIGHT WE FIGURE THAT OUT?
WHAT DO HEALTHY HORSE FEET LOOK LIKE AND HOW MIGHT WE FIGURE THAT OUT? Richard A. Mansmann, VMD,PhD and Kurt vom Orde Equine Podiatry and Rehabilitation Service North Carolina State University College
More informationLocating Rotation Centers of the Equine Digit and their Use in Quantifying Conformation
Locating Rotation Centers of the Equine Digit and their Use in Quantifying Conformation John J. Craig, Phd ; Monique F. Craig, BSCE; Michael T. Savoldi; and James K. Waldsmith, D.V.M. Authors Addresses:
More informationManaging Chronic Laminitis By Connie Lechleitner May 24, 2016 Article #33392
Basic Care Managing Chronic Laminitis By Connie Lechleitner May 24, 2016 Article #33392 Each morning Chrisbell Bednar of Oregonia, Ohio, brings her 16 year old mare, Brynn, in from overnight grazing and
More informationDSLD/ESPA SYMPTOMS, DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT
DSLD/ESPA SYMPTOMS, DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Above photo shows DSLD/ESPA affected horses' legs in the upright from. Earlier photo on right taken in
More informationThe Timeline of Laminitis by: Christy West, TheHorse.com Webmaster November , Article # 10856
The Timeline of Laminitis by: Christy West, TheHorse.com Webmaster November 23 2007, Article # 10856 What happens within the foot of a laminitic horse? We know that the coffin bone can sink or rotate within
More information2006 New York State Junior 4-H Horse Bowl Round Five
One-On-One 1. C1 Q. Which hay is usually higher in protein and calcium, birdsfoot trefoil or timothy? A. Birdsfoot trefoil S. HIH 750-3 700 2. C2 Q. Which vitamin is necessary for the production of the
More informationOwner s Manual & User Guide
TM Leverage Testing Device Owner s Manual & User Guide Copyright 2009 - All Rights Reserved Version: 1.1 KrosschecK Leverage Testing Device Owner s Manual & User Guide Contents Recommended Use of the KrosschecK
More informationUse of Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Diagnose Injuries in the Proximal Metacarpus and Metatarsus in Horses
Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Diagnose Injuries in the Proximal Metacarpus and Metatarsus in Horses Matthew T. Brokken, DVM; Robert K. Schneider, DVM, MS; Sarah N. Sampson, DVM; Russell L. Tucker,
More information"Why MBC Is So Important"
can now process outside stimuli properly. There is also a calming effect upon the mind. "Why MBC Is So Important" The body functions best when vitamins, minerals, amino acids and enzymes are available
More informationAnimalintex Poultice Pad or Hoof Pad
Equine Solutions Animalintex Poultice Pad or Hoof Pad Ready-to-use poultice just add water Animalintex Poultice is a convenient, ready-to-use poultice that comes in a pad, not a bucket. This unique poultice
More informationTHE UNITED STATES PONY CLUBS, Inc.
THE UNITED STATES PONY CLUBS, Inc. The Kentucky Horse Park 4041 Iron Works Parkway, Lexington, KY 40511 (859) 254-PONY (7669) D-3 TRADITIONAL (Eventing) COMBINED TEST SHEET 1 Candidate s Name Name of Pony
More informationCIHF Youth Riding Program. Developed by the CIHF Education Committee
CIHF Youth Riding Program Developed by the CIHF Education Committee CIHF Riding Program Ethics of a Horse Friend 1. Every person who deals with a horse is totally responsible for the living creature in
More informationEquiculture Publishing
The gaits Even if you are an experienced rider please do not be tempted to skip this section about the gaits as you may miss a light bulb moment. Firstly it may be helpful for you to understand a couple
More informationA Patient s Guide to Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow) William T. Grant, MD
A Patient s Guide to Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow) Dr. Grant is a talented orthopedic surgeon with more than 30 years of experience helping people return to their quality of life. He and GM Pugh,
More informationA SADDLE FITTING GUIDE by George Gullikson
A SADDLE FITTING GUIDE by George Gullikson Saddle Problem: Behind the motion. The saddle to the right is sitting on the horse s back, pommel high. The red line indicates where the balance of this saddle
More informationRidden IBOP GENERAL RULES FOR FRIESIAN HORSES SUITABILITY EXAMINATION (IBOP)
Ridden IBOP GENERAL RULES FOR FRIESIAN HORSES SUITABILITY EXAMINATION (IBOP) Responsibility The IBOP is conducted by the Koninklijke Vereniging "Het Friesch Paarden-Stamboek" (KFPS). Purpose The purpose
More informationMedical Hoof Boot. Stress Free Poultice Protection
Medical Hoof Boot Stress Free Poultice Protection Keeps Dressings Clean & Dry Great for Turnout Reusable Quick & Easy to Fit Close Fit - it stays on Kevlar Reinforced Registered Community Design Woof Wear
More informationQualification: /002 Level 3 Equine Management Theory exam (1) June 2018
Qualification: 0172 502/002 Level 3 Equine Management Theory exam (1) June 2018 1 State four symptoms that indicate a horse needs dental care. ( marks) Quidding (1) Weight loss (1) Sensitive when handling
More informationEnhancing Breakover. Discussion of the toe and. Volume 2: Issue 4
A PUBLICATION OF PRACTICAL IDEAS AND SOLUTIONS FOR FARRIERS Volume 2: Issue 4 B DOT A BRIDGE Adjusting Shoe Placement Radiograph of foot before shoeing indicates the shoe on this foot is set too far forward.
More informationB Care Questions 2016
Stable Design and Fittings 1. Comment on and discuss the design of a stable described or shown to you, including the necessity for ventilation, light, drainage, shelter and warmth: a. Talk about the stable
More informationC EFFICIENCY STANDARD MARKING SHEET
C EFFICIENCY STANDARD MARKING SHEET RIDER DOB CLUB VENUE EXAMINER DATE WORKBOOK OVERALL RESULT COMMENT PRESENTATION RIDING JUMPING HORSE HANDLING HORSE CARE GENERAL KNOWLEDGE RESULT OVERALL WORKBOOK SECTION
More informationSOUND OR SORE? How to Tell if Your Horse Has a Sore Back
By Len Brown http://thecorrector.net/id21.html SOUND OR SORE? How to Tell if Your Horse Has a Sore Back 1. Four Physical Traits Common to the Sore-Backed Horse. It isn't enough to claim, "My horse has
More informationPASO FINO HORSE ASSOCIATION (PFHA) TRAIL HORSE TEST PROGRAM OVERVIEW
PASO FINO HORSE ASSOCIATION (PFHA) TRAIL HORSE TEST PROGRAM OVERVIEW OBJECTIVES OF THE TRAIL HORSE TEST PROGRAM The Paso Fino Horse Association introduces the Trail Horse Test program (THT) to provide
More information2008 Junior State 4-H Horse Bowl Round 2
One-On-One 2008 Junior State 4-H Horse Bowl 1. C1 Q. What is the term for the long hair around a shire draft horse s fetlocks? A. Feathering S. Evans 72 220/2 2. C2 Q. What is the term for the layer of
More informationRecording of conformation, gaits and jumping in young SWB horses. Lina Jönsson Department of animal breeding and genetics, SLU
Recording of conformation, gaits and jumping in young SWB horses Lina Jönsson Department of animal breeding and genetics, SLU Recording approach 1. Descriptive remarks (/1) 2. Evaluation of trait accordance
More informationEquines and Equations: A Mathematical view of Equine Movement and Lameness
Regis University epublications at Regis University All Regis University Theses Spring 2017 Equines and Equations: A Mathematical view of Equine Movement and Lameness J.M. Schoeggl Follow this and additional
More informationReading Sole Thickness
Reading Sole Thickness Horseback Magazine June 2013 Pete Ramey Q: Hello Pete, Is there an accurate way to estimate the thickness of a horse s sole? A: Very good question! 20 years ago, I was actually trained
More informationContestant. The Barefoot. Can your dressage horse be successful without shoes? 34 June 2011 USDF ConneCtion. By Sharon BiggS
The Barefoot Contestant Can your dressage horse be successful without shoes? By Sharon BiggS SHOELESS JOE: Rastino, a Hanoverian gelding by Rotspon and ridden by Jackie Kinney, competed barefoot at Dressage
More informationRotation Centers of the Equine Digit and their Use in Quantifying Conformation
Presented at the Roth Kinematics Symposium, Stanford University, June 21, 2003. Rotation Centers of the Equine Digit and their Use in Quantifying Conformation John J. Craig, Phd ; Monique F. Craig, BSCE;
More informationPONY CLUB AUSTRALIA SYLLABUS OF INSTRUCTION FOR EFFICIENCY STANDARDS
PONY CLUB AUSTRALIA SYLLABUS OF INSTRUCTION FOR EFFICIENCY STANDARDS INDEX Page General Conditions 2 Ages / Certificate colours 2 Pre-requisites 2 Examiners 2 Examination Credits 2 Written Papers 3 Pass
More informationIHM ASSESSMENT SLIP 1 Theory Paper
IHM ASSESSMENT SLIP 1 Theory Paper Candidate Name: Section 1 Q1 How often should you check the horse s water supply? Q2 Why would you implement a no-smoking rule around the stables? Q3 Why would you implement
More informationArcEquine User Manual
ArcEquine User Manual Contents 1 What is ArcEquine? What can ArcEquine do for your horse? 2 How does ArcEquine work? Some conditions ArcEquine has been successfully used for 3 Quick start guide 4/5 What
More informationThe College of Animal Physiotherapy. Diploma in Animal Physiotherapy. Module 8 Gait analysis and exercise prescription
The College of Animal Physiotherapy Diploma in Animal Physiotherapy Module 8 Gait analysis and exercise prescription Copyright: The College of Animal Physiotherapy Ltd 2011 0 AIMS This module aims to provide
More information