Risky Business: A Week Focusing on Risk Management s Contributions to Higher Education. Role of Risk Assessment in Risk Management

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1 Risky Business: A Week Focusing on Risk Management s Contributions to Higher Education Role of Risk Assessment in Risk Management Presented by: Campus Safety, Health & Environmental Management Association (CSHEMA) Laboratory Safety Community of Practice (CoP)

2 Objectives By the end of this presentation you will know: What is risk assessment The need for risk assessment Role of risk assessment in risk management The principles for conducting risk assessment Project Safety Analysis (PSA)

3 Risk Assessment

4 Principal Elements of Risk Assessment Anticipation Recognition Evaluation

5 Risk Assessment - General Carry out risk assessments as a first step in ensuring a safe and healthful workplace Written record Identify preventive and protective measures Review assessments if no longer valid Risk assessments must be Suitable and Sufficient

6 Why Bother with Risk Assessment? Work on most important tasks Clarify conflicts Ensure representation of all members Develop capabilities of the Safety Committee

7 Risk Analysis Framework Risk Assessment Science based Risk Management Policy based Risk Communication Interactive exchange of information and opinions concerning risks

8 What is a Hazard? Something with the potential to cause harm

9 What is Risk? Risk is a function of: The probability of an adverse outcome and The severity of that outcome

10 Risks That Increase Probability of Death by One in a Million Activity Cause of Death Smoking 1.4 Cigarettes Cancer, Heart Disease Traveling 10 miles by Bicycle Accident Traveling 300 miles by Car Accident Flying 1000 miles by Jet Accident One Chest X-Ray Cancer from Radiation Living 150 years within Cancer from Radiation 20 miles of a Nuclear Power Plant Risk of Accident by Living Cancer from Radiation Within 5 Miles of a Nuclear Reactor for 50 years

11 What Creates Risk? People Situation Equipment Clothing Setting: Location Environment Behavioral Activity

12 Suitable & Sufficient Steps to Risk Assessment Identify Evaluate Record Reduce Review

13 Control Strategies Engineering Controls Management/Administrative Controls Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

14 Standards for Action Low Risk High Risk

15 Imminent Danger Means any conditions or practices in any place of employment which are such that a danger exists which could reasonably be expected to cause death or serious physical harm immediately or before the imminence of such danger can be eliminated through the enforcement procedures set forth in (e)(4), (f)(2) and (3), and (g).

16 Concept of De Minimis Risk De Minimis risks are those risks judged to be too small to be of social concern, or too small to justify the use of risk management resources for control

17 The Legal Position Employers have a general duty to ensure health, safety and welfare at work of all employees Incorporation into Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) strategies

18 Remember! Risk Assessment is a means to an end, not an end in itself.

19 Risk Management

20 Risk Assessment vs. Risk Management Anticipation, Recognition and Evaluation are Risk Assessment Control is Risk Management

21 Risk Management Managing Probability Managing Hazards Awareness Risk Management

23 Ensuring Safe Work These thought processes must occur prior to conducting all academic and research work.

24 Project Safety Analysis

26 Project Safety Analysis (PSA) Located on the EHS website under Engineering Safety you will find information on our PSA that includes: Protocols Guidelines PSA Template *There will be a slide with links at the end of this presentation so you may have access to mentioned information

27 PSA

28 Assessment in Practical Use

29 Risk Assessment Practical Use

31 The Range for Severity How Bad is the Risk = Severity Minor = 1 Serious = 4 Major = 6 Fatal = 10

32 How Often? / Frequency

33 How Many? Fewer than 5 workers = 1 5% - 30% of workforce = 2 31% - 50% of workforce = 3 51% - 100% of workforce = 4 How Many People Less than 5 = 1 5% - 30% = 2 31% - 50% = 3 51% - 100% = 4

34 How Often If specific equipment is used once a month = 1 If only used once per week = 2 If used once per day for minimal amount of time = 3 If used constantly = 4 How Often is work done 1 X /month = 1 1 X /week = 2 1 X /day = 3 Constant = 4

35 How Long? (Duration) Less than 2 hours = 1 More than 2 hours = 2 More than 4 hours = 3 Continuous = 4 How Long/Duration < 2 hours = 1 > 2 hours = 2 > 4 hours = 3 Constant = 4

36 We cannot predict how likely it is for a complex system to fail!

37 All Mechanical Systems Fail Eventually

38 How Likely?

39 How Likely? How Likely to happen = Likelihood Unlikely = 1 Possible = 2 Probable = 4 Certain = 6

40 How Likely? Assume something has already gone wrong and the worker IS exposed to the hazard Will the exposure to the hazard result in injury All mechanical systems fail Don t try to predict when complex systems will fail (unless you are a wizard!)

41 How Likely? Auger without cover Low hanging pipes in work flow area

/week = =2 2 1 X /day = =3 3 Constant =4 How Long/Duration < 2 hours = 1

42 How Much (Frequency) How Many People Less than 5 = 1 2% 5% - 30% = 2 31% - 50% = 3 51% - 100% = 4 How Often is work done 1 X /month = =1 1 1 X /week = =2 2 1 X /day = =3 3 Constant =4 How Long/Duration < 2 hours = 1 > 2 hours = 2 > 4 hours = 3 Constant = 4 How Often How Many Frequency How Long

43 Severity and Likelihood How Bad will it be = Severity Minor = 2 Serious = 4 Major = 6 Fatal =10 How Likely to happen = Likelihood Unlikely = 1 Possible = 2 Probable = 4 Certain = 6

= 1 2% 5% - 30% = 2 31% - 50% = 3 51% - 100% = 4 How Often is work done 1 X /month = 1 1 X /week = 2 1 X /day =

44 Let s Put the Formula to Use A maintenance worker has to enter and clean waste out of a pit every month Job < 2 hours 2 people Permit Required Concerns from employee He does not think it is safe How Many People Less than 5 = 1 2% 5% - 30% = 2 31% - 50% = 3 51% - 100% = 4 How Often is work done 1 X /month = 1 1 X /week = 2 1 X /day = 3 Constant =4 = Frequency 3 How Long/Duration < 2 hours = = 11 > 2 hours = 2 > 4 hours = 3 Constant = 4

Major = 6 Fatal =10 Unlikely = 1 Possible = 2 Probable = 4

45 Let s Put the Formula to Use How Bad will it be = Severity How Likely to happen = Likelihood Minor = 2 Serious = 4 Major = 6 Fatal =10 Unlikely = 1 Possible = 2 Probable = 4 Certain = 6 Frequency 3 Severity 10 Likelihood 6 Risk Level 19

46 Risk Assessment Matrix

47 Risk Assessment Matrix

48 Total Value for Risk Level

49 What it May Look Like Radiation EXP 8 See Attached X See attached 2 John Sully

50 Assessing Practice - Pipes How Many People Less than 5 = 1 5% 2% - 30% = 2 31% - 50% = 3 51% - 100% = 4 How Often is work done 1 X /month = 1 1 X /week = 2 1 X /day = 3 Constant =4 = 4 How Long/Duration < 2 hours = 1 > 2 hours = 2 > 4 hours = 3 Constant = 4 Frequency 10 Severity Likelihood Severity 10 Risk Level 26 Minor = 2 Serious = 4 Major = 6 Fatal = 10 Unlikely = 1 Possible = 2 Probably = 4 Certain = 6 Likelihood 6

51 Risk Assessment Matrix

52 Basement with Pipes Scenario Low hanging pipes in work flow area

53 What it May Look Like Radiation EXP 8 See Attached X See attached 2 John Sully Head Striking 15 Signage & PPE X Refresher Train All Staff

54 Assessing Practice - Pipes How Many People Less than 5 = 1 5% 2% - 30% = 2 31% - 50% = 3 51% - 100% = 4 How Often is work done 1 X /month = 1 1 X /week = 2 1 X /day = 3 Constant =4 = 4 How Long/Duration < 2 hours = 1 > 2 hours = 2 > 4 hours = 3 Constant = 4 Frequency 4 Severity Likelihood Severity 2 Risk Level 12 Serious = 4 Major = 6 Fatal = 10 Unlikely = 1 Possible = 2 Probably = 4 Certain = 6 Likelihood 6

55 Risk Assessment Matrix

56 Bonus Homework

57 Bonus Homework

58 Bonus Homework

59 Bonus Homework

Office Setting Mold Jim Staff Housekeeping 4 2 9 15 X retraining/clean

60 Office Setting Mold Jim Staff Housekeeping X retraining/clean Manager Fire Everyone Fire Safety X retraining/clean Manager

Assessing Office Mold How Many People Less than 5 = 1 5% 2% - 30% = 2 31% - 50% = 3 51% - 100% = 4 How Often is work done 1 X /month = 1 1 X /week = 2 1 X /day = 3 Constant =4 = 4 How Long/Duration <

61 Assessing Office Mold How Many People Less than 5 = 1 5% 2% - 30% = 2 31% - 50% = 3 51% - 100% = 4 How Often is work done 1 X /month = 1 1 X /week = 2 1 X /day = 3 Constant =4 = 4 How Long/Duration < 2 hours = 1 > 2 hours = 2 > 4 hours = 3 Constant = 4 Frequency 9 Severity Likelihood Severity 2 Risk Level 11 Serious = 4 Major = 6 Fatal = 10 Unlikely = 1 Possible = 2 Probably = 4 Certain = 6 Likelihood 4

62 Bonus Homework

63 Bonus Homework

64 Reality check There is no point in getting into a panic about the risks of life until you have compared the risks which worry you with those that don t, but perhaps should. (Lord Rothschild, The Wall Street Journal, 1979).

65 EH&S Incidents, include: Accident, Injury, Illness Crisis, Disaster Environmental issues Fire Spill, Release (Chemical, Hazardous Materials, etc.) Near-Miss

66 Safety Office Incident Notification Required for Incident Investigation Purpose of Notification Investigate EH&S incidents Determine root causes Identify controls to prevent recurrence Document & transmit Lessons Learned

67 Notification & Report Protocols Notify: When: Immediate Supervisor Immediately Department Safety Officer Immediately Emergency Services Immediately Building Proctor or Facilities Manager Within 1 hour Department/ or Operations Manager Within 1 hour Safety (EH&S) Manager ASAP, Within 24 hours First Report of Injury WCI Claim Within 24 hours Location and/or Corporate Management ASAP, Within 24 hours

68 In An Emergency!!! Dial 911 to activate your Emergency Management System and summon Emergency Services Call your institution s Emergency Numbers Inform your Emergency Notification System Implement your Emergency Reporting Protocols Let someone know ASAP!

69 Summary Utilizing a Risk Assessment procedure in the workplace is beneficial in many ways Risk Assessment is not Risk Management Communication is a key to success with all aspects of the program Find the program that fits your specific needs and train everyone to utilize the process

70 Questions? Dr. David Breeding-Assistant Director EHS Babette Perkins-Safety Training Coordinator EHS Thank you!

71 Bonus Information Please find the following slides as bonus information we hope you enjoy. Thank you again for this opportunity to share our information with you.

72 UNIVERSITY RISK MANAGEMENT & INSURANCE ASSOCIATION my.urmia.org P.O. Box 1027 Bloomington, IN Tel / Fax /

73 Hazard Awareness

74 Risk is an Equal Function of Toxicity and Exposure Paracelsus Understood Risk Assessment Risk = Severity X Exposure Exposure = Dose Risk = Toxicity X Dose

75 Annual Risk of Death in the U.S. Hazard No. of deaths/million persons All Causes 9,000.0 Motor Vehicle Accidents Work Accidents Homicides 93.0 Drowning 37.0 Poisonings 17.0 Boating 0.6 Tornadoes 0.4 Bites and Stings 0.2

76 Annual Risk of Death in the U.S. Hazard No. of deaths/million persons Motor Vehicle Accidents Work Accidents Homicides 93.0 Drowning 37.0 Poisonings 17.0 Boating 0.6 Tornadoes 0.4 Bites and Stings 0.2

77 Risk Comparisons for Involuntary Risks Risk Risk of Death/Person/Year Influenza 1 in 5000 Leukemia 1 in 12,500 Struck by Automobile 1 in 20,000 Floods 1 in 455,000 Tornadoes (Midwest) 1 in 455,000 Earthquakes (California) 1 in 588,000 Nuclear Power Plant 1 in 10 million Meteorite 1 in 100 billion

78 You Have a Right-To-Know What hazardous materials you work with Their hazards and risks How to protect yourself from them

79 Chemicals Are Everywhere Examples: Cleaning solvents Lubricants Fuels Pressurized containers

80 Physical Hazards You May Face Flammable liquids or solids Combustible liquids Compressed gases Explosive materials Unstable materials Water reactive materials

81 Health Hazards You May Face Acute Short-term effects Symptoms appear just after exposure High concentration Corrosives, irritants Rashes, burns, respiratory irritation, poisoning Chronic Long-term effects Symptoms appear long after exposure Low concentration Neurotoxins, carcinogens Cancer, lung or liver damage, allergies

82 Ways Chemicals Enter the Body Inhalation: Breathed through mouth or nose Absorption: Touches skin or is injected Ingestion: Swallowed Ocular Entry: Through the eyes

83 Hazard Communication Program Written plan for your facility Labels Safety Data Sheets (SDS) Training PPE, work practices and safe handling Recognition Emergency response

84 Labels & Pictograms Check labels prior to use for: Identity of chemical Name and address of manufacturer Appropriate hazard warnings All containers must be labeled Regard unlabeled containers as dangerous Do not remove labels New global standard pictograms indicate hazards

85 Global Harmonization Pictograms

86 Labeling and Marking Systems NFPA Diamond Blue = health hazard Red = flammability Yellow = reactivity White = special hazard info. Numbered 0-4 (from lowest to highest hazard) NFPA-704

87 Safety Data Sheets (SDS) Detailed information sheet prepared by manufacturer or importer International standard, 16-sections Available for every hazardous chemical or substance Contains information that: Enables you to prepare for safe daily use Enables you to recognize symptoms of exposure Enables you to respond in emergencies

88 Information Provided on SDS, includes: Chemical name Company information Hazardous ingredients Physical characteristics Fire and explosion data Health hazard data Reactivity data Special Precautions Safe handling practices PPE (protective equipment & clothing) Response for spill or leaks Other

89 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Requirements found on labels or SDS Goggles, face shields, glasses Gloves Respirators & dust masks Head protection Foot protection Aprons or full body suits

90 General Work Practices Use hazardous chemicals only as directed Prior to using hazardous chemicals Inspect equipment for damage prior to use Ensure adequate ventilation When using Don t smoke, eat, drink or apply cosmetics Never smell, inhale or taste Keep off of hands, face, clothing and shoes After use Wash hands and face thoroughly with soap and water

91 Know Safe Handling Procedures Refer to Label, Pictograms & SDS for information on: Flammability Incompatibility Stability Shock sensitivity

92 Hazard Recognition Know likely emergencies ahead of time Refer to SDS Emergency incidents Spills Leaks Fires Explosions

93 Spill & Leak Response Remove potential sources of ignition Evacuate the area Inform supervisor or emergency response team Stay away until given the all clear SDS provides specific instructions

94 If Exposure Occurs If you are exposed Inhalation - move to fresh air Eyes - flush with water for 15 minutes Skin - wash with soap & water Swallowing - seek immediate medical help If a co-worker is exposed Identify hazardous chemicals in use Refer to labels, pictograms and SDS for specifics

95 Hazard Communication Plan (HCP) Location of Written HCP Designated HazCom Coordinator Location of SDSs

96 Summary You have a Right-To-Know! Chemicals present both physical & health hazards Read the labels and SDS Follow PPE and special handling recommendations Emergency response Notify supervisor Know immediate first-aid response if contact with a hazardous chemical occurs Incident Notification & Reporting Protocols

97 Terminology Risk Analysis Risk Estimation Risk Evaluation Risk Identification Safety Hazard Hazard Assessment

98 EHS Link to Project Safety Analysis Project Safety Analysis link ments%2fproject%20safety%20analysis&folderctid=0x d9abda94a1 834E86D5D0E9BEF77750&View=%7B88F5F101-29D5-4D11-AF02-042FFDED1249%7D

WHMIS 1988 & WHMIS 2015

WHMIS 2015 Awareness AN AWARENESS PROGRAM ON THE UPDATED Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System WHMIS 1988 & WHMIS 2015 WHMIS Overview 2 WHMIS Overview WHMIS first came into effect on October