3 rd -5 th. grade. science. workbook. chevron.com/about/inthecommunity

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1 rd -5 th grade science workbook chevron.com/about/inthecommunity

2 Hi! My name is Stomper! I am part of the greatest baseball team in the world The Oakland A s! I love watching all of the games and rooting for my team. I also like meeting all of the fans that come and cheer at the games! Here s some information about me! STOMPER S BIO Name: Stomper Height: 6 6 Weight: A ton of fun! Debut: April 2, 1997 (Opening Night!) Position: Official A s Mascot Dances: Yes! Parents: Stella & Stanley Hometown: Oakland STOMPER S FAVORITES Team: Oakland A s Player: All of them! Vehicle: The Smiling Chevron Car Colors: Green & Gold Food: Peanuts Vacation Spot: Phoenix, Arizona Hangout: Stomper Fun Zone Let s find out about the team and how science impacts the game! 1 chevron.com/about/inthecommunity

3 catch this! One of the toughest positions to play in baseball is the catcher. Luckily we have a great one, Kurt Suzuki. Not only does he need to be good at catching, but he also has to be brave! Kurt often has to catch a baseball that can be traveling over 100 miles per hour (mph)! This is why the catcher is the only player that wears a mask. Did you ever wonder how pitchers are able to throw a ball at that speed? It takes the pitcher s entire body. In baseball, the pitcher drives first with his legs, then his hips, shoulders, arm, wrist and finally fingers. As each part moves to its full extension, the next part begins to move. The body becomes a whip to snap the ball forward at the right time. Circle the 3 pieces of sporting equipment that can travel over 100 mph during a game or match. The science of hitting: What is made of wood and used to hit homeruns? 2

4 BATS: 1st called Louisville Slugger in 1894 Today s bats are made from timber or wood from the white ash Trees must be at least 50 years old Not more than 42 inches long No more than 2 ¾ inches diameter Only the best 10% of the wood is used Use the information above to fill in the blanks using TRUE (T) or FALSE (F). 1. Most baseball bats are made from hickory. 2. The bat can be 2 inches in diameter % of the wood is NOT used to make bats. 4. The A s players may use a bat that is 44 inches long. 5. Louisville Slugger was first used in A bat is sometimes called the Big Stick. How batters choose their bats: The science of the swing. 3 chevron.com/about/inthecommunity

5 BIGGER IS NOT ALWAYS BETTER We have many good hitters on our team including Jemile Weeks, who plays second base. Last year Jemile had a batting average of.303! I asked him what makes a good batter. He said that choosing the right bat is important. Here s why: MOMENTUM. Momentum is the measurement of the power of movement. Here is a simple formula to measure the momentum of a batter s swing speed : momentum = MASS x VELOCITY If your bat is TOO HEAVY then your swing speed decreases and your swing loses momentum. If your bat is TOO LIGHT then your swing speed increases, but the lower mass reduces your swings momentum. If your bat is JUST RIGHT! then momentum is maximized you achieve the perfect balance between the mass and velocity of your bat! Let s say the momentum is 160. Circle the bat you would use. Let s say the momentum is 140. Circle the bat you would use. x = x = MASS of bat VELOCITY MOMENTUM MASS of bat VELOCITY MOMENTUM 10 x 10 = x 10 = 20 x 8 = x 8 = 30 x 6 = x 6 = 40 x 3 = x 3 = What else do you need to play baseball? 4

6 There is no BaseBALL Without a BALL I always wondered what was inside of a baseball. So, I asked my dad to cut one open. I was amazed at what I found! Check it out. Cover stitching & seams cotton string windings wool yarn windings Red Rubber Black rubber Cork center There are 108 stitches on every baseball. If you unwound the yarn, it would be longer than 3 football fields! List 4 facts that you learned about the baseball The average time a ball spends in a game is 6 pitches! The center is known as the pill. So, what makes a baseball move? The science of throwing a pitch. 5 chevron.com/about/inthecommunity

7 Strike 1... Strike 2... Strike 3... You re OUT! This is music to the ears of any pitcher. Unfortunately, it is not easy to strike out hitters. So, pitchers like our own Dallas Braden learn many pitches to try to fool hitters. Dallas favorite strikeout pitch is the curveball. But what makes it curve? When pitchers like Dallas throw a curveball, they rotate (spin) the ball. The rotating ball pushes through the air diverting it around the ball. The rotating seams push against the air on top slowing it down. The air below moves with the seams, speeding it up. The difference in air speed moves the ball towards the faster air down. The seams rotate into the air slowing the airflow over the ball. BALL ROTATION curve The seams rotate into the air speeding the airflow under the ball. The slower air on top would push down causing the ball to curve down strike 3! Which way will the curveballs curve? Circle A or B Does the ball really go farther on nice days? 6

8 Going GoinG Gone Jemile Weeks and Cliff Pennington are great hitters who enjoy playing in parks that are hitter friendly. This means that hitters do well in these parks. It is not always the shorter depth of the outfield wall that helps hitters. A lot of it has to do with SCIENCE. The Coliseum is home to the Athletics. The deepest part of the field is centerfield at 400 feet. Let s see how playing in different climates would affect the distance a ball is hit. Weather for every 10 increase of air temperature, the ball travels 4 feet farther o (+4 feet) for every 1 mph increase in the speed of wind blowing toward the outfield, the ball travels 3 feet further (+3 feet) Based on this, if Jemile hit the ball 397 feet on a 70o day it would not go over centerfield wall. BUT... If it were 80o the ball would travel 4 feet farther (+4 feet) 397 feet + 4 feet = 401 feet HOMERUN! If the wind was blowing 2 mph towards centerfield (+6 feet) 397 feet + 6 feet = 403 feet GONE! If Cliff hit a ball 390 feet on a 70o day how would changes affect the hit? Circle the hits that would be a HOMERUN! The day is 80o with a 2mph wind towards center field. The temperature is 90o. There is a 5mph wind towards centerfield. If you got a hit, where might it go? 7 chevron.com/about/inthecommunity

9 It s a Hit! The A s have some great hitters. They hit the ball very far! Sometimes it goes to left field and other times it goes to right field. I wonder why? Some hitters bat from the left side of the plate. Brandon Allen and Daric Barton hit from the left side. Others, like Kurt Suzuki hit from the right. A few guys, like Jemile Weeks and Cliff Pennington, can even hit from both sides! right-handed hitters: usually hit the ball to left field left-handed hitters: usually hit the ball to right field Where would you hit the ball? Circle the fact that best describes you. I am right-handed. I would hit the ball to left field. I am left-handed. I would hit the ball to right field. Boy, baseball is really scientific! 8

10 Last Inning I had a great time finding out about baseball and some of the great Oakland A s players. Next time you are at a game, look for me. I will wave to you! Use the clues below to complete the crossword Across: 2. The A s friendly elephant mascot. 3. The only player that wears a mask. 6. The A s catcher; Kurt. 8. The last name of an A s pitcher, Dallas. Down: 1. Combination of bat weight and swing speed 3. A favorite strikeout pitch 4. Louisville. 5. A nickname given to the center of a baseball. 7. The material wrapped around the cork center of a ball. 9. This wood is used to bake baseball bats. I hope to see you soon! Go A s!

11 answer key PAGE 2: CATCH THIS! PAGE 3: Bats: The Big Stick PAGE 7: Going Going Gone? F -Most baseball bats are made from hickory. T -The bat can be 2 inches in diameter. T -90% of the wood is NOT used to make bats. F -The A s players may use abat that is 44 inches long. T - Louisville Slugger was first used in T -A bat is sometimes called the Big Stick. PAGE 4: Bigger is not Always Better! The day is 80 o with a 2mph wind towards center field. There is a 5mph wind towards centerfield. 406 FEET 405 FEET MASS of bat VELOCITY MOMENTUM 20 x 8 = 160 MASS of bat VELOCITY MOMENTUM 14 x 10 = x 8 = x 6 = x 3 = 135 PAGE 8: IT S A HIT! - answers will vary PAGE 9: LAST INNING PAGE 5: There is no BaseBALL Without a BALL! - answers will vary PAGE 6: Strike 3, You re OUT! This workbook was developed by Paton Publishing Wolfedale Rd., Mississauga, ON, L5C 3A9. Written by Eric Burchard. Designed by Jenna Wood. For inquiries, contact scoleman@patonpublishing.com. Printed in Canada All rights reserved.

12 2 complimentary Plaza LEVEL outfield FREE = free! Plaza level outfield $14 each = one time handling fee $4* = TOtal: Enclosed is my check or money order made payable to Oakland A s for Order must be redeemed By mail Mail to: Oakland A s, 7000 Coliseum Way, Oakland, CA Credit Card INFORMATION (Please Circle one) VISA MC AMEX DISC CID# # NAME EXP. DATE chevron.com/about/inthecommunity Forms must be postmarked by Friday, June 29, Vouchers will be mailed to the address provided on the form. Vouchers subject to availability. Please see back of the vouchers for more details.

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