8th Europenan Cave Rescue Meeting 2014

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2 8th Europenan Cave Rescue Meeting 2014 Organized by Corpo Nazionale Soccorso Alpino e Speleologico on a behalf of European Cave Rescue Association Cave Rescue Commission Croatian Mountain Rescue Service Darko Bakšić & Dinko Novosel Corpo Nazionale Soccorso Alpino e Speleologico Cristiano Zoppello Trieste, Italy, 24th-26th October 2014

3 French vs Italian by Spéléo secours Française by Corpo nazzionale soccorso Alpino e Speleologico

4 OLIMP pit enterance Basic principle for stretcher transport OLIMP pit enterance

5 How to set bivouac for the victim French bivouac

6 French rescue system Principe - Basic assessment of victime, first aid; - Medical assessment, to set bivouac; - to establsh communication between bivouac and surface (telephone line) - Rescue teams are instructed to work on segments/parts to be ready for evacuation of strechers; - when all is ready, transport or evacuation of the victime can start. Advantage - Victim is more shortly exposed to the transport, less endanger; - Its possible to climb not just using progression ropes than using fixed rescue ropes. Disadvantages - Gear and ropes have to be prepared according to rescue evacuation plan for each segment; - Much more gear and ropes; - More rescuers; - All bivouac for rest have to be set in advance (it s possible improvisation).

7 Ready to use bivouac Italian bivouac

8 Italian rescue system Principe - Basic assessment of victime, first aid; - Medical assessment, to set bivouac; - to establsh communication between bivouac and surface and all teams in cave (telephone line); - Rescue teams do NOT work in relation to space but to time Advantage - Gear and ropes are prepared in advance, not necessary to waste time form preparation -Plan of cave is not necessary; - Less rescuers; - Its possible to set more bivouacs quickly - continuous hauling with two ropes offer more flexibility in anchor setting. Disadvantages -Time of evacuation is longer; - Requires more experienced rescue team organization and an average surplus of technical skills among members; - Shorter number of rescuers so it is more exsaustive, requires rotations of rescue teams.

9 Anchors Italian - Basic principe (there are more modifications) French

10 French Counterweight system Italian

11 Hauling systems Italian Z rig system French independent Z rig system

12 Passing knot Italian French

13 Tyrolean traverse French Italian

14 Counterweight on Tyroliean traverse French Italian

15 Counterweight on Tyroliean traverse - Scabar 15

16 Changing of stretcher position Italian French (Stef)

17 Cave Rescue in Cave system Kita Gaćešina (2012) Example of cave rescue mission in Cave System Kita Gaćešina Place of injury 2 km from entrance, -450 m depth Fracture of processus spinosus and articulare at third lumbar vertebra.

18 Cave Rescue in Cave system Kita Gaćešina (2012)

19 Cave Rescue in Cave system Kita Gaćešina (2012) Cave System Kita Gaćešina (27,383 m length, -737 m depth) France system Italian system

20 Cave Rescue in Cave system Kita Gaćešina (2012) Part of Kita Gacesina cave system near entrance French plan is made in site, during rescue operation or in advance according data from cave cadaster

21 Cave Rescue in Cave system Kita Gaćešina (2012) Rescuers caught in cave - 3 Medical team - 2 rescuers Blaster team - 3 rescuers Communication - 3 rescuers E1 E rescuers E2 E12 36 rescuers De-rigging team 10 rescuers 79 rescuer in cave 35 rescuers outside cave NO. TEAM NAME AND SURNAME STATION NO. ENTERED EXITED NO. TEAM NAME AND SURNAME STATION NO. ENTERED EXITED 1 Lana Đonlagić ZG 1 8:20 6:09 44 Igor Jelinić KA 1 20:38 6:31 2 PHYSICIANS Caving Katija Milišić ST 2 8:20 team 45 E6 Željko Baćurin KA 2 20:38 6:50 46 Andrej Stroj ZG 3 20:38 6:14 3 Ronald Železnjak ZG 1 9:35 2:13 4 BLASTERS Mladen Palinić ST 2 9:35 18:26 47 Zlatko Balaš KA 1 21:07 9:19 5 Slaven Boban ZG 3 9:35 1:46 48 E7 Marko Kurpez KA 2 21:07 8:54 49 Siniša Rudolf DE 3 21:07 8:20 6 Filip Bach ZD 1 10:45 12:30 7 COMMUNICATION Ivica Radić ZG 2 10:45 7:12 50 Krešimir Pogačić KA 1 21:59 9:21 8 Marko Budić ZG 3 10:45 7:06 51 Domagoj Eklić KA 2 21:59 9:15 E8 52 Gajo Dojčinović KA 3 21:59 9:01 9 Darko Bakšić ZG 1 12:00 8:31 53 Ivica Ćukušić ZG 4 21:59 8:37 10 Tomica Bošnjak SAM 2 12:00 8:00 11 Ljubo Majica ZD 3 12:00 13:40 54 Željko Vukušić ŠI 1 22:32 5:44 12 Anika Ivković ZD 4 12:00 7:46 55 E9 Mladen Matetić ŠI 2 22:32 5:50 13 Ena Vrbek ZG 5 12:00 8:26 56 Toni Butković DE 3 22:32 6:01 14 Danijel Frleta RI 6 12:00 7:43 15 E1 Danko Škalamera RI 7 12:00 11:10 57 Anton Vukičević ŠI 1 23:15 5:36 E10 16 Igor Petričić RI 8 12:00 10:53 58 Dražen Starović NO 2 23:15 5:44 17 Moreno Almassi PU 9 12:00 8:47 18 Goran Rnjak ŠI 10 12:00 5:56 59 Dinko Novosel ZG 1 23:35 5:34 19 Neven Galant PU 11 12:00 9:58 60 Maja Kriška RI 2 23:35 5:38 E11 Caving 20 Marin Glušević ST 12 12:00 61 Marko Krpešić RI 3 23:35 5:38 team 21 Ivan Mišur ZG 13 18:30 7:04 22 Tomislav Nagy ZG 14 18:30 8:48 62 Ivan Došen ŠI 1 23:55 5:38 23 Zoran Brajković PU 15 18:21 8:42 63 Marko Kulaš KA 2 23:55 5:38 24 Ivica Šnajder DE 16 18:21 7:35 64 E12 Diego Košta RI 3 23:55 5:38 25 Tomislav Skendar DE 17 18:21 9:36 65 Ivica Perković ST 4 23:55 5:38 26 Branislav Grubić NO 18 18:21 8:30 66 Grgo Puljas ST 5 23:55 5:38 27 Marko Lukačević PŽ 19 18:21 7:32 član član E13 28 Nikola Šoić ZG 20 18:30 6:52 67 Ana Bakšić ZG 1 speleoekip speleoekip 29 Božo Nikl SAM 21 18:21 9:28 68 e e RESCUERS-caught in član the pit Antonio Kovačić ST 2 speleoekip 23:00 zatečeni e u jami član 30 Sanjin Gotić RI 22 18:21 11:23 69 Frane Kožemelj ST 3 speleoekip e 23:00 TOTAL 114 rescuers 31 Matej Mirkac PU 1 11:05 7:05 70 Dalibor Jirkal ZG 1 9:27 14:29 BIVAK 32 Krešimir Prskalo ZD 2 11:05 13:04 71 DE-RIGGING 1 Stipe Tutiš SOŽ 2 9:27 14:34 E2 33 Petar Matika PU 3 11:05 8:27 72 Ruđer Novak ZG 3 9:27 13:33 73 Zvonimir Završki SOŽ 4 9:27 14:30 34 Siniša Atlija ZG 1 20:10 6:41 E3 35 Ivan Mijat ŠI 2 20:10 6:36 74 Josip Tomaić GS 1 9:27 13:21 DE-RIGGING 2 75 Josip Tomljenović GS 2 9:27 13:27 36 Darko Troha ZG 1 20:15 6:22 76 Milan Abramović GS 3 9:27 13:22 E4 37 Dalibor Pleskalt BJ 2 20:15 7:01 77 Mario Musulin VŽ 1 9:25 15:38 DE-RIGGING 3 38 Luka Mudronja ZG 1 20:18 5:46 78 Alan Rinkovec VŽ 2 9:25 15:38 39 Sunčica Hrašćanec ZG 2 20:18 5:44 79 Zoran Ateljević DU 3 9:25 13:59 40 Tihana Boban ZG 3 20:18 6:10 E5 41 Matija Čepelak ZG 4 20:18 5:34 42 Mile Močić ŠI 5 20:18 6:27 43 Darko Štefanac ZG 6 20:18 6:54

22 Cave Rescue in Cave system Kita Gaćešina (2012) -From the report on the accident, until the extraction of the caver, the operation lasted more than 26 hours (30:53 hours from accident). - All together, when the last rescuer exited, it amounted to 41:08 hours.

23 Rescue training - Malga Fossetta Total hours of operation: 48 hours From -650 mt to the entrance in 37 hours of hauling (average 17,5 meters/hour) More than 50 rigs 500 meters of transport Lightweight techniques 23

24 Rescue plan planing Italian list of gear and ropes prepare in advance (example)

25 Normal configuration Lightweight configuration 25

26 What to adopt and use? - both strategies with little modifications in relation to cave morphology can be efficiently used, depends on the human and technical capacites of the service. - Parts near entrance, less difficult parts where more rescuers can work French strategy; - Deep parts of the cave where can less rescuers can enter Italian strategy. - We use more French style with modifications, for example annealing on Tyrolean traverse, two knots on anchor, etc.

27 Quastions?