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1 Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Analytical Methods. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 07 Table S: Metadata of the 8 Plastic debris samples collected in the North Sea, coastal and open Atlantic Ocean, and open Pacific Ocean. The of the metadata corresponds to the of the samples shown in Figs The sample ID s listed below correspond to the sample ID s in the VAMPS Plastiphere portal. PE = Polyethylene, PP = Polypropylene, HDPE = High Density Polyethylene. ID North Sea LAZ_DET_Bvv4_MPL PE plastic Illumina Miseq x 00bp 6S rrna vv4 LAZ_DET_Bvv4_MPL PE plastic Illumina Miseq x 00bp 6S rrna vv4 LAZ_DET_Bvv4_MPL PE plastic Illumina Miseq x 00bp 6S rrna vv4 4 LAZ_DET_Bv4_MPL PE plastic Illumina Miseq x 00bp 6S rrna vv4 LAZ_DET_Bvv4_MPL PE plastic Illumina Miseq x 00bp 6S rrna vv4 6 LAZ_DET_Bvv4_MPL PE plastic Illumina Miseq x 00bp 6S rrna vv4 7 LAZ_DET_Bvv4_MPL PE plastic Illumina Miseq x 00bp 6S rrna vv4 8 LAZ_DET_Bvv4_MPL PE plastic Illumina Miseq x 00bp 6S rrna vv4 LAZ_DET_Bvv4_MPL PE plastic Illumina Miseq x 00bp 6S rrna vv4 0 LAZ_DET_Bvv4_MPL PE plastic Illumina Miseq x 00bp 6S rrna vv4 LAZ_DET_Bvv4_MPL PE plastic Illumina Miseq x 00bp 6S rrna vv4 LAZ_DET_Bvv4_MPL PE plastic Illumina Miseq x 00bp 6S rrna vv4 LAZ_DET_Bvv4_MPL PP plastic Illumina Miseq x 00bp 6S rrna vv4 4 LAZ_DET_Bvv4_MPL PE plastic Illumina Miseq x 00bp 6S rrna vv4 LAZ_DET_Bvv4_MPL PE plastic Illumina Miseq x 00bp 6S rrna vv4 6 LAZ_DET_Bvv4_MPL PE plastic Illumina Miseq x 00bp 6S rrna vv4 7 LAZ_DET_Bvv4_MPL PE plastic Illumina Miseq x 00bp 6S rrna vv4 8 LAZ_DET_Bvv4_MPL PE plastic Illumina Miseq x 00bp 6S rrna vv4 LAZ_DET_Bvv4_MPL PE plastic Illumina Miseq x 00bp 6S rrna vv4 Coastal Atlantic Ocean 0 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- WHD_006_0_07_7_Bv HDPE incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- WHD_007_0_07_7_Bv HDPE incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- WHD_008_0_07_7_Bv HDPE incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6

2 ID Coastal Atlantic Ocean LAZ_SEA_Bv6- WHD_008_0_07_4_Bv HDPE incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 4 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- WHD_00_0_07_4_Bv HDPE incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- WHD_0040_0_07 Bv HDPE incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 6 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- WHD_004_0_07 Bv HDPE incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 7 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- WHD_00_0_08_07_Bv HDPE incubation 0... Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 8 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- WHD_00_0_08_07_Bv HDPE incubation 0... Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- WHD_004_0_08_07_Bv HDPE incubation 0... Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 0 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- WHD_006_0_0_06_Bv HDPE incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- WHD_0066_0_0_06_Bv HDPE incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- WHD_0076_0_0_0_Bv HDPE incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- WHD_0088_0 06_Bv HDPE incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 4 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_00_008_Bv HDPE LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_00_00_Bv HDPE 6 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_006_00_Bv HDPE 7 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_004_000_Bv HDPE microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic 0 6. Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic 0 6. Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6

3 ID 8 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_004_00_Bv HDPE microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_006_00_Bv HDPE microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 40 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_0064_00_Bv HDPE microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 4 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_004_007_Bv HDPE microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 4 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_00_007_Bv HDPE microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 4 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_007_00607_Bv HDPE microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 44 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_008_00607_Bv HDPE microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 4 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_0_00608_Bv HDPE microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 46 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_08_0060_Bv HDPE microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 47 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_06_0060_Bv HDPE microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 48 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_07_0060_Bv HDPE microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 4 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_04_006_Bv HDPE microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 0 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_08 4_0_Bv PE plastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_06_06_Bv PE microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_080 0_Bv PE microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_04 6_0_Bv PE microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6

4 ID 4 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_04 6_0_Bv PE incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_0440 6_0_Bv PE incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 6 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_044_6_0_0_Bv PE macroplastic 0 NAN NAN Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 7 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_040_6_0_0_Bv PE macroplastic 0 NAN NAN Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 8 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_046_6_0_0_Bv PE microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_0477_6_07_0_Bv PE incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 60 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_0478_6_07_0_Bv PE incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 6 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_048_6_07_0_Bv HDPE incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 6 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_0486_6_07_0_Bv HDPE incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 6 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_0487_6_07_0_Bv PS incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 64 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_08_067_Bv HDPE incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 6 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_0_067_Bv LDPE incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 66 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_00_067_Bv LDPE incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 67 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_07_07_Bv HDPE incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 68 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_0_0_Bv HDPE incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 6 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_040_0_Bv HDPE incubation Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6

5 ID 70 LAZ_SEA_Bv6v4- - SEA_000_00_07_07_Bv6v PE 7 LAZ_SEA_Bv6v4- - SEA_0008_0_0_0_Bv6v PE 7 LAZ_SEA_Bv6v4- - SEA_00_0_0 Bv6v PE Open Pacific Ocean 7 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_07_0006_Bv PE 74 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_078_0008_Bv PE 7 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_008_00_Bv PE 76 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_00_00_Bv PE 77 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_0_004_Bv PE 78 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_06_006_Bv PE 7 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_0_007_Bv PE 80 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_04_008_Bv PE 8 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_044_008_Bv PE 8 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_04_00_Bv PE 8 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_0_000_Bv PE 84 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_04_000_Bv PE microplastic Illumina HiSeq microplastic Illumina HiSeq microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rtna V6- V4 6S rtna V6- V4 6S rtna V6- V4 microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic 0.. Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic 0.. Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic 0 4. Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6

6 ID Open Pacific Ocean 8 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_068_00_Bv PE 86 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_07_00_Bv PE 87 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_0_0_0 Bv PE 88 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_0_0_0 Bv PE 8 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_0_006_Bv PE 0 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_06_006_Bv PE LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_00_0_0_7_Bv PE LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_006_008_Bv PE LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_007_0_0_8_Bv PE 4 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_08_0_0 Bv PE LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_04_0 0_Bv PE 6 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_04_00_Bv PE 7 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_04_00_Bv PE 8 LAZ_SEA_Bv6- SEA_00_004_Bv PE microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic 0. Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic 0. Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic 0.7 Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic 0..6 Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic 0.4. Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6 microplastic Illumina HiSeq 6S rrna v6

7 ArmaCmonadete Phylum Caldiserica LenCsphaerae Synergistetes Acidobacteria GemmaCmonade Chloroflexi 6 Tenericutes Firmicutes 0 Planctomycetes 4 Chlamydiae 4 AcCnobacteria 6 Deferribacteres Verrucomicrobia 7 Bacteroidetes 8 Cyanobacteria 8 Proteobacteria Deinococci Class Caldisericia SynergisCa GemmaCmonadetes Mollicutes Clostridia Bacteroidia Phycisphaerae Chlamydiae Epsilonproteobacteria Caldilineae 6 Bacilli 7 Planctomycetacia Opitutae Holophagae 0 Betaproteobacteria Anaerolineae 0 AcCnobacteria 6 Acidimicrobia Deferribacteres 4 Verrucomicrobiae Cytophagia 66 Deltaproteobacteria 7 Sphingobacteria Flavobacteria Gammaproteobacteria 7 Alphaproteobacteria Nitrospinaceae Enterobacteriaceae Chlamydiaceae Rubritaleaceae Sandaracinaceae Geobacteraceae Caldisericaceae Marinilabiaceae Prevotellaceae PiscirickeSsiaceae Bacillaceae Simkaniaceae Cyclobacteriaceae Cardiobacteriaceae Synergistaceae Mycoplasmataceae Moritellaceae Gracilibacteraceae Parachlamydiaceae Francisellaceae Desulfovibrionaceae Oxalobacteraceae Granulosicoccaceae Burkholderiaceae RickeSsiaceae ThermoacCnomycetaceae Paenibacillaceae Bartonellaceae Colwelliaceae AuranCmonadaceae Planococcaceae Rhizobiaceae Hahellaceae Bacteriovoracaceae Thioalkalispiraceae Thiotrichaceae Oleiphilaceae Aeromonadaceae Nocardiaceae Cytophagaceae Acidimicrobiaceae Comamonadaceae Alcaligenaceae Shewanellaceae Desulfobacteraceae ChromaCaceae Helicobacteraceae Bdellovibrionaceae Sphingomonadaceae Ectothiorhodospiraceae Caldilineaceae Halomonadaceae Oceanospirillaceae Nannocystaceae Planctomycetaceae Coxiellaceae Puniceicoccaceae Pseudomonadaceae Hyphomicrobiaceae Rhodothermaceae Desulfobulbaceae Vibrionaceae Prochlorococcaceae Verrucomicrobiaceae Pseudoalteromonadaceae Micrococcaceae Rhodobiaceae Rubritaleaceae Rivulariaceae Cryomorphaceae Anaerolineaceae Parvularculaceae Moraxellaceae ChiCnophagaceae Rhodospirillaceae Flammeovirgaceae Erythrobacteraceae Phyllobacteriaceae Hyphomonadaceae Alteromonadaceae Saprospiraceae Flavobacteriaceae Rhodobacteraceae Family Fig. S Overview of all phyla, classes and families identified as colonizers on the PD samples investigated in this study. Numbers adjacent to the bars represent the numbers of samples of the 8 examined that included these taxa. Only taxa that contributed % relative abundance are shown. Average abundance [%]

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