Brain in researching mode and Feet on the tatamis

Transcription

1 Brain in researching mode and Feet on the tatamis Three examples in applied research in judo Symposium EJU 23 th April Montpellier - France M. Calmet

2 Acknowledgements Dear Presidents, Dear Bénédicte, Dear Arnaud, thank you for your help. Thank you to European Judo Union to allow us, through this symposium, exchanges concerning researches about judo. Thank you to Montpellier Agglo to allow us this symposium. 2

3 Preamble Dear Friends, I would like to take you for a short ride through three points concerning trainers/coaches and judo teachers. The three points (Sociological aspects, Physical adapted activities, Video analysis and ICT) were published in different scientific journals, so I will focus mainly on the results. Methodology, without forget it, will stay in the background. I want to say that these three researches concern also students' courses at the university. Indeed, these methodologies and these tools, used for these researches, are taught during courses to permit students to acquire knowledges and competences in judo and in ICT. 3

4 1) Sociological aspects 4

5 Values and achievements goals in judo Judo is presented through media as a sport to win medals or titles. To verify, referring to achievements goals theory, we selected 7 items, differentiating "ego goal orientation" and "task goal orientation" Learning to respect the other Learning throws, to improve oneself Obtaining belts Learning self defense Win combats Win medals Being fit Educational objectives ( task goal) less opposition Specific objectives ('ego' goal) more opposition Health objectives 5

6 Methodology When you have several items to obtain the most valuable results, you have to oppose each item to the other (Condorcet's paradox). We well know this situation in a tournament (round-robin/pool competition) in which the judoka (here our item) with the most wins is the winner. In 2001, a large investigation towards 1000 persons (10 groups) was organized with forms to fill 6

7 In your opinion, judo is rather: You have 10 min to fill this form, please, circle your choice for each row in each table Learning self defense Learning to respect the other Being fit Obtaining belts Win combats Win medals Obtaining belts Learning throws, to improve oneself Learning throws, to improve oneself Learning self defense Win combats Win medals Obtaining belts Learning to respect the other Win combats Learning self defense Table 1 Learning throws, to improve oneself Win medals Win medals Learning to respect the other Obtaining belts Table 2 Learning throws, to improve oneself Learning throws, to improve oneself Win combats Being fit Learning self defense Win medals Obtaining belts Learning throws, to improve oneself Being fit Learning to respect the other Win combats Being fit Table 3 Learning to respect the other Win combats Learning self defense Being fit Obtaining belts Learning self defense Being fit Learning to respect the other Win medals Table 4 7

8 Data collection As duration to fill the form was 10 minutes, we didn't meet one opposition. All groups to which we presented the investigation accepted to give the forms to their public. In 2001, this form was proposed towards around 1000 persons, and 963 replies were usable. After data treatments, we obtain these two tables to determine which item was winner. 8

9 Treatment With all the data, we obtain these two tables Win medals Learning to respect the other Being fit Obtaining belts Learning self defense Win combats Learning throws, to improve oneself Table 1 Win medals Learning to respect the other Being fit 1 Obtaining belts Learning self defense 1 1 Win combats Learning throws, to improve oneself Table 2 9

10 Ranking list (of items) Learning to respect the other 1 Learning throws, to improve oneself 2 Being fit 3 Learning self defense 4 Win combats 5 Obtaining belts 6 Win medals 7 Age (years) 19,0 ± 11,3 10

11 Discussion - the choices of 10 groups judo is only a sport to win medals or titles : for two groups training to competition 11

12 2) Adapted physical activities and health 12

13 Judo with simulated impairments At the Faculty of Sport Sciences in Montpellier, students in general and students following the course "Adapted Physical Activities and Health" are beginners in combat sports. They will learn judo with five simulated impairments (blind, deaf and/or dumb, limited motor skills, dizziness). 13

14 Specific exercises The teaching approach leads to reconstruct the contexts of use of judo techniques The goal is not to be the winner but to understand what is going on in a combat (balance, strengths, social interaction ) 14

15 Paradigms shift As beginner, when you throw down the other, this is not to win a point: this is to learn a throw AND to permit to him/her to learn how to fall. You do something to the success of the other, and you do not lose a point. To verify, we studied student's representations after the training session over three years. 15

16 Methodology At the end of training, each student's paper was analyzed on a lexical level to count the themes most often mentioned. Data were processed by principal component analysis (PCA). 16

17 Results Concerning 58 students' work, the first themes are: interest, confidence/trust, empathy, experience, education. Some students' examples: "It develops self-confidence and trust to others, this is necessary and indispensable for day life" "The key message is self-achievement and the achievement of the other in a mutual interaction/cooperation for development and success of each partner" 17

18 Results (1) Moral values Axis 1 : 40.4% - Axis 3 : 24,0% Axis 1 Emotional - Axis 3 Pedagogic Axis 1 : 40.4% - Axis 3 : 17.4% Axis 1 Emotional - Axis 3 Otherness PCA explains 82% of the variance of data on 3 axes. It shows the importance of the experience/feeling and awareness of what is learning/teaching with disabled people. 18

19 Discussion - Perspectives Judo in its approaches, its kinesthetic sensations and its multiple solutions, is suitable for this type of training. Recent studies in industrial world shown that confidence, empathy and the ability of a "human-system" to cope with an impairment/disability by using other procedures to achieve the objective are evidence of productivity. We analyze our training system in the direction of these studies while continuing research in Educational Sciences on it. 19

20 3) ICT in Judo 20

21 Video analysis and ICT in Judo ICT are very important nowadays. They are used to analyze high-level judokas. It is possible to train students concerning their knowledges and competences in ICT while improving their knowledges in judo. 21

22 Previous examples This poster was presented in Rotterdam 2009, it gives us information to differentiate: The organization of the judokas' kumi-kata The number of rotations during the combat 22

23 Students' work presented This work is realized with a specific player 'kinovea' and MS Excel. Two windows to analyze the system of attacks 23

24 Two windows to analyze Kinovea to manage the video MS Excel to collect data in a specific application. 24

25 Simple tool to do this Students must to be trained about this spreadsheet. It is possible to insert video sequences and charts in 2 or 3 dimensions in MS Excel. This spreadsheet is also a data basis. At the Faculty of Sport Sciences in Montpellier, students learn how to build this tool 25

26 Application video in spreadsheet 26

27 Perspectives Video inside the combat Video sequences "inside" the combat will bring out new information Onboard sensors Smartphones will give us data concerning (speed, gyroscopy, accelerometry) 3 dimensions analysis With two video sequence we can approach 3D analysis and put in relation video and charts. 27

28 End Thank you for your unlimited patience 28

29 Papers and communications Papers 2014, Assude, T., Calmet, M., Handicaps simulés : un outil de formation, Les Sciences de l'education Pour l'ere Nouvelle, vol. 47, n , Calmet, M., Miarka, B., Franchini, E., Modeling of grasps in judo competition contests, International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sports, 10, , Calmet M., Judo fra ieri e oggi, Sport & Médicina 1, Ermes, Milano, Italy. 1: Communications 2009, Calmet M, Survey of system of attacks, a special case: Marc Huizinga, 6th International Science of Judo Symposium, 23 Août 2009, Rotterdam, Nederland 2009, Calmet M, Miarka B, Franchini E, Accurate coordinations in repeating uchikomi, 6th International Science of Judo Symposium, 23 Août 2009, Rotterdam, Nederland 2009, Calmet M, Miarka B, Franchini E, Study of distances and rotations between judo players during approaches and grips in judo combats, 6th International Science of Judo Symposium, 23 Août 2009, Rotterdam, Nederland 29