May 5, c. c. LooM?s 2,039,814

Transcription

1 May 5, c. c. LooM?s, FIREARM Filled Jan. 28, Sheets-Sheet 1 52:54, 5, /47 48 é ŽBA :, ; "..... INVENTOR.. :: --, :... Craw Ford C. lo o MS };, ',, " BY. ATTORNEY

2 INVENTOR. raw Ford C. Loomis

3 Patented May 5, UNITED STATES 13 Claims. This invention relates to firearms, and contem plates certain improvements in the fire control mechanism in firearms of the repeating type. The invention has been illustrated as applied to a repeating shot gun of the type disclosed in the patent to Crawford C. Loomis, No. 1,834,410, De cember 1, 1931; although in many of its aspects it is applicable to other types of firearms than the one selected for the purpose of illustration. This class of firearms comprises a magazine tube arranged below the barrel and adapted to contain a column of cartridges which are delivered one at a time into the receiver to which both the magazine tube and the barrel are secured, trans ferred through the receiver to a position in align ment with the barrel chamber, and thrust into the chamber. The motion necessary for unlocking the breech mechanism, retracting the breech block, cocking the hammer, ejecting a fired shell, delivering a fresh cartridge from the magazine, aligning this cartridge with the chamber, moving it into the chamber, and closing and locking of the breech, is derived from a reciprocating ac tion bar attached to a manually operable fore end Supported on the magazine tube. PATENT OFFICE FEREA BRM Crawford C. Loomis, Ilion, N. Y., assignor to Remington Arms Company, Inc., a corporation of Delaware Application January 28, 1933, Serial No. 653,968 It is desir able that the action bar or a part directly con nected therewith be locked against such rearward movement as would unlock the breech while the hammer is cocked and in condition to be released to fire the cartridge in the chamber, and that upon the cartridge firing movement of the ham mer or parts associated therewith such lock be disabled to permit the action to be opened for the ejection of the fired shell and the movement of a fresh cartridge into the chamber. It is likewise desirable that the trigger be positively locked in such position as to prevent the fall of the hammer at all times when the action bar or associated parts are so displaced as to leave the breech mecha nism unlocked. The present invention contemplates certain im provements in the control of the action bar lock and the trigger lock, as well as the refinement and simplification of these parts and their controlling devices. In the accompanying drawings: Fig. 1 is a sectional side elevation of a fire con trol mechanism comprising one embodiment of the present invention. The parts are shown in the position they assume immediately following the fall of the hammer and before the recoil move ment which is necessary to effect the disengage ment of the action bar lock. Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic representation show ing the positions of the action bar lock, trigger (C ) lock, and trigger, with respect to each other after the fall of the hammer and after the release of the action bar lock by recoil. Fig. 3 is a sectional side elevation, generally similar to Fig. 1, showing the various parts of the mechanism in the positions they occupy when the action is fully open and/or during its closing m?wement. Fragments of the hammer and ac tion slide are shown in dotted lines in the positions they occupy when the action is fully opened, and in full lines at an intermediate point in the clos ing movement after the hammer has been en gaged by the trigger. Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic showing of the relative positions of action slide, action bar lock, trigger lock and trigger, when the action is closed and locked and the hammer cocked. Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic showing of the posi tions of the action slide, action bar lock, trigger lock and trigger, when the trigger is held de pressed during the closing of the action. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section, substantially on the line 6-6 of Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a transverse section, substantially on the line 7-7 of Fig. 1. The fire control mechanism comprises a trig ger 0 pivoted at f i in the trigger plate f 2, which trigger plate likewise supports all other parts of the fire control mechanism. Said trigger com prises a finger piece 3 and adjacent said finger piece a rearwardly and upwardly extending blade 4 adapted to cooperate in the usual manner with a cross bolt safety device, indicated generally by the numeral 5. The trigger is urged clockwise (Fig. 1) about its pivot l l by a trigger spring f 6 partially housed in a suitable well in the trigger plate 2 and preferably extending into a recess 7 in the trigger. The forward end of the trigger comprises a hammer engaging nose i 8 and, ad jacent said nose an arcuate surface? 9 adapted to engage a surface of a hammer 2 and pre vent movement of the trigger to hammer engag ing position unless the hammer is cocked. Said hammer 2 is pivoted at 22 in the trigger plate 2, and comprises a notch 23 for engagement by the trigger nose 8. Pivoted to the hammer at 24 is a hammer spring strut 25, the rear end of which engages a suitable recess 26 in a hammer spring pilot 27. Said pilot 27 reciprocates in a cylindri cal aperture in the rearward portion of the trig ger plate, and partially houses a main or hammer spring 28. The rear end of hammer spring 28 is held in a recess 29 in the head of a screw threaded into the rear end of the hammer spring pilot opening in the trigger plate. This screw is

4 preferably provided with an elongated shank 3 f, acting as an interior pilot for the hammer spring. The action bar lock or action slide lock is identified generally by the numeral 32. It is pivoted on the trigger pivot i 1 and is of roughly triangular shape, comprising a straight top which, when the lock in ineffective, lies substantially flush with the top of the trigger plate; a heel portion 32 t which cooperates with the trigger lock; a recess below and forward from the heel for the reception of an operating device; a finger piece 322 projecting below the trigger plate ad jacent the trigger guard; a clearance cut 323 which receives the hammer pivot 22; and a lock 5 ing nose 324 at the forward end of the straight top. The nose terminates in an inclined sur face 33 adapted to engage a correspondingly in clined surface 34 on the heel of a member 35 commonly called the action slide. Said slide is suitably joined to an action bar extending for ward from the receiver and joined to a manipu lative fore-end piece. The fore-end and action bar are not illustrated, since they form no part of the present invention. The engaging Sur faces 33 and 34 of the action bar lock, and action slide, respectively, are so inclined with respect to. the action bar lock pivot i f that the rearward pressure normally exerted upon the action slide in firing the gun prevents the counter-clockwise movement of the action bar lock. This position of the parts is illustrated in Fig. 1, while Fig. 2 shows them in the position they assume when pressure of surface 34 upon surface 33 has been removed either by voluntarily moving the fore end forward or by recoil. When thê parts are in the Fig. 2 position, the action may be opened, the action slide travelling over the flat top of the action bar lock. The action bar lock must be So controlled that when the hammer is cocked it tends to rock clock wise and lock the action slide, as shown in Figs. 1, 4 and 5, and when the hammer is uncocked it tends to rock counter-clockwise to the position shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The present invention contemplates certain im provements, in the manner of controlling the action bar lock from parts associated with the hammer. The moving element which has been utilized is the hammer spring pilot 27. Said pilot comprises a forward extension 36 (Figs. 1 and 6), which extension is provided with a º notch 37 adapted to receive a lug 38 on a block 39 mounted for rectilinear movement in a side wall of the trigger plate. A mounting for the block 39 which provides or convenient assembly comprises a lon gitudinal slot in the side of the trigger plate, said slot having a flat bottom portion and an under-cut top portion, as clearly shown in Fig. 7. In the forward end of block 39 is placed a plunger 4 i provided with a stop shoulder 42 for limiting its downward movement and urged downwardy by Sudtable means, such as a coil spring 43 abut ting a suitable stop, such as the cap screw 44 secured in the block 39. The end of plunger 4 f which projects downwardly from block 39 is pro vided with a conical point adapted to be re ceived in a longitudinal groove 46 in an upwardly facing surfåce 46 f on the action bar lock 32. To provide the surface 46 and to accommodate the block 39, the action bar lock comprises an elon gated recess opening to the rear, as clearly illus trated in the drawings. It will be seen that the position of the spring pressed plunger 4 li relative to the surface 46 l of the action bar lock will shidft with the movement of the hammer spring pilot 27 and the hammer itself. Fig. 1 shows the plunger in the position it occupies when the hammer is forward, while in Fig. 3 it is shown as moved rearwardly to a position, it occupies when the hammer is cocked. In its Fig. 1 position the plunger engages the action bar lock at a point forward from the pivot l, while in its Flg. 3 position it is a corresponding distance in the rear of said pivot. Thus, in the Fig. 1 position Spring 43 tends to rock the action bar lock counter clockwise, while in the Fig. 3 position it tends to rock the action bar lock clockwise. The necessary control of the action bar lock is thus provided. In the normal operation of the gun when the hammer is cocked the action is locked, and when the hammer is forward and the gun has recoiled or pressure on the i fore-end relieved the action is unlocked. The invention further contemplates a trigger lock which is so controlled as to prevent hammer releasing movement of the trigger at i all times when the action is unlocked, to release the trig ger for its normal hammer disengaging movement when the action is locked, and to prevent hammer releasing movement if the trigger is depressed during the action closing movement and before the action is locked. "The form of this trigger lock illustrated in the drawings comprises a member, identified generally by numeral 47, pivoted in the trigger plate at 48 and comprising a surface 49 extending rearwardly from its pivot into the path of movement of the action slide 35. An arm projecting forwardly and downwardly from the pivot 48 comprises surfaces for such cooperation with parts of the trigger as to effect the desired locking. Said trigger lock is controlled in part by a plunger 5 projecting rearwardly from the heel 32 of the action bar lock 32. The plunger 5 is urged rearwardly by a spring 52 and held from excessive rearward movement by suitable means such as a cross pin 53 cooperating with a reduced diameter section 54 of said plunger 5. The rounded end of plunger 5 i engages a suit able recess or notch 55, preferably of generally V shape, in the trigger lock 47, thereby tending to rock the trigger lock in accordance with the movement of the action bar lock. The lower end 56 of thé trigger lock arm moves between an effective position over an inclined surface 57 on the trigger and an irieffective position over a notch in the trigger bounded by a shoulder 59, which shoulder is at times engaged by surface 58 of the trigger lock arm. The sequence of movement of these parts in the opening and closing of the gun is as follows: In Fig. 1 the hammer is forward but the gun has not recoiled, so that the action is still locked. The heel of the action bar lock is depressed, and plunger 5 holds the trigger lock ineffective, with surface 58 clear of shoulder 59. Spring 52 is ex - tended, plunger 5 being in the notch 55. Spring 43 is compressed, tending to rock the action bar lock from Fig. 1 position to Fig. 2 position, but this movement is prevented by the pressure of the action slide on the surface 33 of the action bar lock. When the gun recoils, Or the action Slide is otherwise moved to relieve the pressure between surfaces 33 and 34, the action bar lock is rocked to the Fig. 2 position. Surface 58 of the trigger lock moves into engagement with shoulder 59 of the trigger, and further movement of the trigger lock is stopped. In the completion of the move ment of the action bar lock the nose of the plunger

5 rides along the surface 55 of the recess 55, compressing the plunger spring 52. As the gun action is opened (Fig. 3), the ham mer is pushed back by engagement with the sur face 35 of the action slide. The action bar lock and trigger lock both remain in the Flg. 2 posi tion until the hammer notch 23 clears the trig ger nose i 8, at which time the trigger is rocked clockwise by its spring 6, lowering the shoulder 59 below the end of trigger lock arm and per mitting the trigger lock to swing forward over the inclined surface 57 of the trigger. This action is induced by the compression of spring 52, and, further, as the action reaches its fully open po sition the base of the action slide 35 engages the part 49 of the trigger lock, positively rocking this lock into effective position, should the spring 52 be disabled. The parts are now in the position shown in Fig. 3, and they remain in this position until the action is fully closed and locked. In its final forward (breech locking) move ment the action slide clears the nose of the ac tion bar lock and, plunger 4 now being positioned in the rear of pivot i, the action bar lock rocks clockwise to effective position. In this movement, the heel of the action bar lock and plunger 5 i car ried thereby are depressed, rocking the trigger lock counter-clockwise to the ineffective position shown in Fig. 4. It will be noted that, as shown in Fig. 3, when the action is fully open the hammer has been retracted a Substantial distance past its normal cocked position, and that a surface 2 i f thereon engages the upper surface of the trigger at a point in the rear of the trigger pivot, thereby posi tively moving the trigger into hammer engaging position. At this time the trigger, lock is also positively moved to effective position, as hereto fore explained. Should pressure be applied to the trigger during the closing of the action, the action will be locked in the usual way, with the hammer cocked, and the trigger will also be locked until the pressure thereon is released. This condition is illustrated in Fig. 5, and is due in part to the fact that angle of the locking surfaces 56 and 57 is such that pressure between them prevents movement of the trigger lock arm. The action bar lock, how - ever, rocks in the usual way as the slide 35 clears the nose 324, and the plunger 5 rides down the surface 552 of the recess 55, compressing the spring 52. It is impossible to repeatedly operate the action and inadvertently eject fresh car tridges by maintaining constant pressure upon the trigger. When the pressure upon the trigger is released, the trigger lock is free to move to the Fig. 4 position and is so moved by the force of the compressed spring 52. The embodiment of the invention herein de scribed and illustrated in the drawing? is to be understood, as typical and illustrative only, the invention obviously being capable of embodiment in other forms, all falling within the scope of the appended claims, which are to be broadly con Struedi. What is claimed is: 1. In a fire control mechanism comprising a trigger plate having mounted therein a trigger, a pivoted firing hammer, and an action bar lock; in combination, means for controlling said ac tion bar lock according to the position of said hammer comprising a member separate from said hammer and mounted for rectilinear move ment in Said trigger plate and adapted to engage 2,089,814 said action bar lock, and operating means for said member associated with said hammer. 2. In a flire control mechanism comprising a trigger plate having mounted therein a trigger, an action bar lock, a pivoted hammer, a hammer spring, and a hammer spring housing; in combi nation, means for controlling said action bar lock comprising a block mounted for rectilinear move ment in said trigger plate, connecting devices joining said block to an element moving with said hammer, and a spring pressed plunger mounted in said block and adapted for sliding engagement with said action bar lock. 3. In a fire control mechanism comprising a trigger plate having mounted therein a trigger, a pivoted action bar lock, a pivoted hammer, a ham mer spring, and a hammer spring housing; in combination, means for controlling said action bar lock comprising a block" mounted for recti linear movement in said trigger plate, a spring pressed plunger in said block adapted for sliding engagement with said action bar lock, a track on said action bar lock adapted to receive said plung er, and connecting devices joining said block to an element moved by said hammer, whereby the point of engagement of said plunger with said action bar lock shifts with the movement of said hammer between positions on opposite sides of said action bar lock pivot. 4. In a fire control mechanism comprising a trigger, a hammer movable between cocked and fired positions, an action bar lock, and means for position of said hammer; in combination, a trig ger lock. a yieldable member operatively connect ing said action bar lock and said trigger lock; said member normally holding said trigger lock effective when said action bar lock is ineffective and normally holding said trigger lock ineffective when said action bar lock is effective. 5. In a fire control mechanism comprising a trigger. a hammer: movable between cocked and fired positions, an action bar lock, and means for position of said hammer; in combination, a trig ger lock, a yieldable member operatively connect ing said action bar lock and said trigger lock; said member normally holding said trigger lock effective when said action bar lock is ineffective and normally holding said trigger lock ineffective when said action bar lock is effective, and being adapted to yield when movement of said trigger lock with said action bar lock is prevented. 6. In fire control mechanism comprising a trigger, a hammer movable between cocked and fred positions, an action bar lock, and means for position of said hammer; in combination, a trig ger lock, a member yieldingly held in said action bar lock and urged to engage said trigger lock at a point determined by the relative positions of Said action bar lock and said trigger lock; said member normally, holding said trigger lock effec tive when said action bar lock is ineffective andi normally holding said trigger lock ineffective when said action bar lock is effective, and being adapted to yield while being stressed when move ment of Said trigger lock in either direction with said action bar lock is prevented. 7. In a fire control mechanism comprising a trigger, a hammer movable between cocked and fired positions, an action bar lock, and means for position of said hammer; in combination, a piv

6 oted trigger lock, a plunger in said action bar extension and adapted to engage said action bar lock, a spring urging said plunger into engage lock, and means for guiding the movement of said ment with said trigger lock, and a V-notch on member. said trigger lock adapted to receive said plunger, ll. In a firearm comprising an action bar, an whereby upon movement of said action bar lock action bar lock, a trigger plate, a hammer piv relative to said trigger lock said plunger moves oted in Said trigger plate, a hammer spring, a along one side of said V-notch and said spring is hammer spring housing holding said hammer stressed. Spring Spaced from said hammer in said trigger 8. In a fire control mechanism comprising a plate, and a link transmitting the thrust of said hammer movable between cocked and fired posi Spring to Said hammer, in combination, means tions, a hammer engaging trigger, an action bar for controlling said action bar lock comprising a lock, and means for shifting said action bar lock member i mounted for rectilinear movement in according to the position of Said hammer; in Said trigger plate, connecting devices joining said combinaticn, a trigger lock shiftable between member with a longitudinal extension of said effective and ineffective positions, means for posi hammer spring housing, and a spring device as tively moving Said trigger into engagement with Sociated With Said member and adapted for slid said hammer as an incident to the cocking of ing engagement with said action bar lock. said hammer, and means for positively moving 12. In a fire control mechanism comprising a Said trigger lock into effective position following hammer movable between cocked and fired posi the movement of the, trigger to hammer engag tions, a trigger, an action slide adapted to cock ing position. Said hammer, an action slide lock, and means for 9. In a fire control mechanism comprising a Shifting the action slide lock according to the hammer movable between cocked and fired posi position of said hammer; in combination, a trig tions, a hammer engaging trigger, an action bar ger lock shiftable between effective and ineffec lock, and means for shifting said action bar lock tive positions and comprising a part which pro- i according to the position of said hammer; in jects into the path of movement of said action ccmbination, a trigger lock shiftable between ef slide lock when the trigger i lock is ineffective, a fective and ineffective positions, means for posi projection on the hammer adapted to engage tively moving said trigger into engagement with said trigger during the cocking of the hammer Said hammer as an incident to the cocking of to move the trigger to hammer engaging posi Said hammer, means for positively moving Said ticn, the trigger lock being thereafter engaged by trigger lock into effective position following the the action slide and positively moved to effective movement of the trigger to hammer engaging p?sition. position, and means for Subsequently shifting said 13. In a firearm comprising an action bar, an trigger lock to ineffective position, the arrange action bar lock, a trigger plate, a hammer piv ment being such that continued pressure on said oted in said trigger plate, a hammer spring, a trigger during and after its hammer engaging hammer Spring housing holding said hammer movement prevents such shifting of the trigger Spring Spaced from i said hammer in said trigger lock to ineffective position. plate, and a link transmitting the thrust of said 10. In a firearm comprising an action bar, an Spring to said hammer; in combination, means action bar lock, a trigger plate, a hammer piv for controlling said action bar lock comprising a oted in said trigger plate, a hammer spring, a rigid longitudinal extension of said hammer hammer spring housing holding said hammer Spring housing, an undercut channel in said trig Spring spaced from said hammer in said trigger ger pºate, a member mounted for movement in plate, and a link transmitting the thrust of said Said channel, a connection from said hammer Spring to said hammer; in combination, means Spring housing to said member, a trackway in for controlling said action bar lock comprising a Said action bar lock, and a plunger in said mem rigid longitudinal :: Extension from said hammer ber engaging. and moving in said trackway. Spring housing, a member connected with said CRAWFORD C. LOOMIS. 5.