ROYAL CANADIAN SEA CADETS PHASE FOUR INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE SECTION 5 EO C DESCRIBE D-DAY AND THE BATTLE OF NORMANDY PREPARATION

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1 ROYAL CANADIAN SEA CADETS PHASE FOUR INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE SECTION 5 EO C DESCRIBE D-DAY AND THE BATTLE OF NORMANDY Total Time: 30 min PREPARATION PRE-LESSON INSTRUCTIONS Resources needed for the delivery of this lesson are listed in the lesson specification located in A-CR-CCP-604/ PG-001, Phase Four Qualification Standard and Plan, Chapter 4. Specific uses for said resources are identified throughout the instructional guide within the TP for which they are required. Review the lesson content and become familiar with the material prior to delivering the lesson. Prepare a slide of Attachments A and B. Photocopy Attachments C and D for each cadet. A guest speaker may be brought in to conduct this lesson. PRE-LESSON ASSIGNMENT Nil. APPROACH An in-class activity was chosen for TP 1 as it is an interactive way for the cadets to describe the importance of D-Day and the Battle of Normandy. An interactive lecture was chosen for TP 2 as it allows the instructor to identify the importance of D-Day commemorative events and to generate interest among cadets. REVIEW Nil. OBJECTIVES INTRODUCTION By the end of this lesson the cadet shall have described D-Day and the Battle of Normandy. IMPORTANCE It is important for cadets to describe D-Day and the Battle of Normandy so that people and events can be remembered. C

2 Teaching Point 1 Time: 20 min Conduct an in-class activity where the cadets will describe D-Day and the Battle of Normandy. Method: In-Class Activity Present the following information on D-Day and the Battle of Normandy before starting the activity in this TP. D-Day and the Battle of Normandy The Second World War was spreading across Europe for almost five years and Germany had conquered most of the European continent. The only thing separating the Germans from Great Britain was the English Channel. On June 6, 1944, the allied navies (Canadian, British, and American) brought a fleet from England to France. Their role was to cross the English Channel and invade one of the five beaches to free Europe from Nazi Germany. The Americans had Utah and Omaha Beaches, the British had Gold and Sword Beaches and the Canadians had Juno Beach. D-Day was the beginning of the Normandy Campaign and is referred to as the greatest seaborne invasion in history because it targeted 80 km of beach along the Normandy coast. Show the slide of the Normandy Beach map located at Attachment A to illustrate the geographical area. Show the slide of Canadian Units Landing on Juno Beach located at Attachment B. Operation Neptune. The name representing the naval portion of the D-Day offensive. The Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) vessels heading for Juno Beach included: HMCS ALGONQUIN, HMCS SIOUX, HMCS PRINCE HENRY, HMCS PRINCE DAVID, 4 th, 14 th and 16 th Canadian Minesweeping Flotillas, and RCN landing craft. Destroyers escorting the flotilla were HMCS HAIDA and HMCS HURON. All together, there were about soldiers, ships and landing craft, vehicles and planes. Canada contributed soldiers to land on Juno Beach. The overtaking of the beaches C

3 began at 0600 hours. Two hours later, the German defences at Juno beach were defeated. The troops then pushed inland to capture the city of Caen. The city of Caen was a German communications centre. Crossing the English Channel was a major obstacle in the mission. A long flexible pipe called "Pluto" was built to carry fuel under the sea from England to Normandy. One of Canada's greatest victories was on D-Day in During the first six days of the Normandy Campaign, Canadians died. The Normandy Campaign, also known as Operation Overlord, continued for two and a half months. Allied casualties (killed, wounded and captured) totalled Canadian casualties totalled more than , including more than dead. "D-Day" was a military term used to signify the launch of any significant operation. It was only after the Normandy invasion that the term reflected a particular mission. For example, the days before and after D-Day were referred to as, D minus three for three days before a mission and D plus one to reflect a day after a mission. Time: 10 min OBJECTIVE ACTIVITY The objective of this activity is to have the cadets describe D-Day and the Battle of Normandy. RESOURCES Canada Remembers handout located at Attachment C, D-Day and the Battle of Normandy Worksheet located at Attachment D, and D-Day and the Battle of Normandy Answer Key located at Attachment E. ACTIVITY LAYOUT Nil. ACTIVITY INSTRUCTIONS 1. Divide cadets into groups of two or three. 2. Distribute the Canada Remembers handout located at Attachment C and the D-Day and the Battle of Normandy Worksheet located at Attachment D to each cadet. 3. Have the cadets work with their group to complete the D-Day and the Battle of Normandy Worksheet using the Canada Remembers handout. 4. Use the D-Day and the Battle of Normandy Answer Key located at Attachment E to review the answers with the cadets. SAFETY Nil. C

4 CONFIRMATION OF TEACHING POINT 1 The cadets' participation in the in-class activity will serve as the confirmation this TP. Teaching Point 2 Time: 5 min Identify international, national and provincial D-Day commemorations. Method: Interactive Lecture INTERNATIONAL COMMMEMORATIONS Juno Beach Centre. Canada's first D-Day memorial opened in Normandy, France on June 6, It displays the D-Day contribution of Canadian soldiers on the beach where died. The centre has Canadian guides to lead special walking tours of the beach. Visit for an on-line tour. English Channel. In 2004 there was a symbolic English Channel crossing from Portsmouth, England, to Normandy, France. A navy patrol frigate, HMCS CHARLOTTETOWN, joined other allied ships and escorted a ferry, the Normandie, carrying veterans. The flotilla dropped anchor off the coast of Arromanches, France. NATIONAL COMMEMORATIONS Canadian National War Memorial. Although it was designed to commemorate those who died in the World War I (WW I), the Memorial was not unveiled until 1939, months before the Second World War began. King George VI unveiled the Memorial during his 1939 visit, the first time a reigning monarch had come to Canada. The dates commemorating the Second World War ( ) and the Korean War ( ) were added in Annual Commemoration in Ottawa. Canadians commemorate D-Day at the Canadian National War Memorial. As part of the ceremony, serving members of the Canadian Forces (CF) make a five-mile march from Dows Lake to the National War Memorial, commemorating the distance the Canadian units advanced on D-Day. Peace Tower. The Peace Tower is joined to the Centre Block in the Parliament buildings in Ottawa and stands 92.2 m tall. It was built to commemorate the end of World War I (WW I) and contains the Book of Remembrance, which lists all the soldiers who died fighting for Canada in wars such as WW I, WW II, the Korean War, the Boer War and the Nile Expedition. Canadian War Museum. Visitors hear first-hand accounts of D-Day and the Normandy Campaign. Veterans volunteer to share their memories and answer questions at the museum on June 6 each year. PROVINCAL COMMEMORATIONS Provincial commemorations are similar to national commemorations except that they take place at war memorials in provincial capital cities rather than in Ottawa, Ont. Local commemorations are community-based events, usually organized by the Royal Canadian Legion or some other community organization and may include a parade to the local war memorial as well as other rituals of commemoration. C

5 CONFIRMATION OF TEACHING POINT 2 QUESTIONS: Q1. What is the name of Canada's first D-Day memorial and where is it located? When did it open? Q2. What is significant about the English Channel? Q3. What evidence is there to show that Canadians commemorate D-Day? ANTICIPATED ANSWERS: A1. Juno Beach Centre located in Normandy, France. It opened June 6, A2. Crossing the English Channel was a major obstacle during the D-Day operation. The flotilla left England and landed on the beaches of Normandy, France. A3. National fixtures include the Canadian National War Memorial, the Peace Tower, and the Canadian War Museum. On the anniversary of D-Day, Canadians make a five-mile march to the National War Memorial, commemorating the distance the Canadian units advanced on D-Day. END OF LESSON CONFIRMATION The cadets' participation in the activity and interactive lecture will serve as the confirmation of this lesson. HOMEWORK / READING / PRACTICE Nil. METHOD OF EVALUATION Nil. CLOSING STATEMENT CONCLUSION It is important to have knowledge of our military history in order to appreciate our freedom and quality of life today. Commemorations of historic events help preserve Canadian heritage. The sacrifice Canadians made on Juno Beach contributed greatly to the allies' final victory over Germany, ending WW II. INSTRUCTOR NOTES / REMARKS A guest speaker may be brought in to conduct this lesson. REFERENCES C1-192 Juno Beach Centre. (2004). D-Day: June 6, Retrieved March 30, 2009, from C1-193 Roland, R. (2003). D-Day: Canada's role. CBC News Online. Retrieved March 31, 2009, from C1-194 Department of Canadian Heritage. (2003). Democracy at war: Canadian newspapers and the Second World War. Retrieved March 31, 2009, from C

6 C1-220 Veterans Affairs Canada. (2004). D-Day and the Battle of Normandy. Retrieved March 31, 2009, from http//: C

7 Attachment A to EO C NORMANDY BEACH Figure A-1 Normandy Beach Note. From D-Day Canada's Role, by Roland, R. (2003). Retrieved March 31, 2009 from C420.03A-1

8 Attachment A to EO C THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK C420.03A-2

9 Attachment B to EO C CANADIAN UNITS LANDING AT JUNO BEACH Figure B-1 Canadian Units Note. From D-Day Canada's Role, by Roland, R. (2003). Retrieved March 31, 2009 from C420.03B-1

10 Attachment B to EO C THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK C420.03B-2

11 Attachment C to EO C Figure C-1 Fact Sheet Note. From Veterans Affairs Canada. (2004). Retrieved March 31, 2009 from http//: C420.03C-1

12 Attachment C to EO C Figure C-2 Fact Sheet Note. From Veterans Affairs Canada. (2004). Retrieved March 31, 2009,from http//: C420.03C-2

13 D-DAY AND THE BATTLE OF NORMANDY WORKSHEET A-CR-CCP-604/PF-001 Attachment D to EO C Fill in the blanks. 1. The anniversary of D-Day is. 2. By spring of, Germany had conquered most of the continent, including France. 3. A narrow stretch of water, called the separated the German forces from Great Britain. 4. The continent. decided to launch a major against German Forces on the European 5. was built to carry fuel under the sea from England to. 6. The Normandy beach was littered with German,, heavy artillery batteries and machine-gun nests. 7. The coastline from Denmark to the south of France was known as. 8. The Battle of Normandy is also known as. 9. Canadian troops came ashore at Juno Beach. 10. A German communications centre was located at the city of. 11. refers to the naval portion of the D-Day offensive. 12. The Normandy campaign ended with the liberation of Paris on. 13. It would be another months before Allies achieved total victory in Europe. Match the following: 1. Juno Beach a. United Kingdom and France 2. Gold Beach b. United States 3. Sword Beach c. Canada 4. Utah Beach d. United Kingdom 5. Omaha Beach C420.03D-1

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15 D-DAY AND THE BATTLE OF NORMANDY ANSWER KEY A-CR-CCP-604/PF-001 Attachment E to EO C Fill in the blanks. 1. The anniversary of D-Day is June6. 2. By spring of 1944, Germany had conquered most of the European continent, including France. 3. A narrow stretch of water, called the EnglishChannel separated the German forces from Great Britain. 4. The allies decided to launch a major invasion against German Forces on the European continent. 5. Pluto was built to carry fuel under the sea from England to Normandy. 6. The Normandy beach was littered with German land mines, barbed wire, heavy artillery batteries and machine-gun nests. 7. The coastline from Denmark to the south of France was known as FortressEurope. 8. The Battle of Normandy is also known as OperationOverlord. 9. Fifteen thousand Canadian troops came ashore at Juno Beach. 10. A German communications centre was located at the city of Caen. 11. Operation Neptune refers to the naval portion of the D-Day offensive. 12. The Normandy campaign ended with the liberation of Paris on August25, It would be another nine months before Allies achieved total victory in Europe. Match the following: 1. c Juno Beach a. United Kingdom and France 2. d Gold Beach b. United States 3. a Sword Beach c. Canada 4. b Utah Beach d. United Kingdom 5. b Omaha Beach C420.03E-1

16 Attachment E to EO C THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK C420.03E-2