Natural Regions of the World

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1 Natural Regions of the World Revision for Competitive Exams 10x10learning.com 1

2 Concept of Natural Regions provides a framework for understanding the diversity of physical and biological environment Taiga type Tundra type Each is further subdivided into (a) Western Margin (b) Central area or Interior (c) Eastern Margin Polar Region Tropical Region Equatorial type Monsoon type Tropical Desert West European type Laurentian type Temperate Desert Temperate Region Sub-tropical Region Mediterranean type China type Temperate Desert 10x10learning.com 2

3 Natural Regions of the World Polar Region Taiga type between 60 to 70 degrees Latitude Tundra type from 70 degree to 90 degree Tropical Region Equatorial type 10 degrees North and South of Equator Monsoon type - 10 to 30 degrees latitudes Tropical Desert - 20 to 30 degrees Sub-tropical Region Mediterranean type 30 to 45 degrees China type 30 to 40 degrees Latitude Temperate Desert 45 to 60 degrees Temperate Region West European type - 30 to 45 degrees Laurentian type - 45 to 60 degrees Temperate Desert - 30 to 60 degrees Each region has (a) an Eastern Margin (b) A Western Margin and (c) a Central or Interior zone 10x10learning.com 3

4 canopy Equatorial region 5 degree N /S of Equator Ghana 10x10learning.com 4

5 Tropical Region : Equatorial type 10 degrees North and South of Equator Monsoon type - 10 to 30 degrees latitudes Tropical Desert - 20 to 30 degrees Malaysia, Indonesia, New Guinea, French Guinea, Amazon Basin in Brazil, Congo Basin in Africa High temperatures Plenty of sunlight and warm throughout the year Heavy rainfall mean rainfall at 250 cm Equatorial region has 80% humidity due to Convectional Rains. Evaporates in forenoon, rains in afternoon, every day. April and October months are double maxima months of heaviest rainfall. 10x10learning.com 5

6 Tropical Grassland (Savanna ) Region 5 degree to 20 degree N / S of Equator moderate rainfall and greater annual range of temperature. It occurs extensively in Africa, parts of Brazilian Plateau and Orinoco basin in South America. Height of grass is lower than 6 m. 10x10learning.com 6

7 Tropical Deciduous Forest Region Lies between 10 N to 30 N and 10 S to 30 S of Equator. Rainfall is moderate except in coastal regions and mountainous tracts. The summers are hot and rainy while winters are warm and dry. Parts of region such as India, south East Asia, West Africa and Northern Australia experience a typical monsoon climate having seasonal reversal of winds. Trade winds prevail in winter and monsoon winds blowing in opposite direction prevail during summer. Winds are onshore during summer. 10x10learning.com 7

8 Temperate Grasslands between 40 to 50 degree N/S. Continental type of climate. Mediterranean Region between 30 and 40 N and S latitudes. The summers are hot and dry ( 18 degree C ) while winters are mild and rainy. In summer, trade winds blow from land to sea giving practically no rain. In winters, this region comes under the influence of moist Westerlies blowing on-shore and bringing cyclonic rain. 10x10learning.com 8

9 Temperate Grasslands Vast level plains, without any trees, except for Willows and Poplar trees found in clusters. Short grass grows everywhere, and reaches 50 cm of height where rainfall is 50cm. Steppes, (Europe and Asia) Prairies (N. America) Pampas (S. America), Velds (Africa), Downs (Australia). Early spring is colourful. Summer is parched brown. In Autumn green vegetation covers the grasslands. In Winter land is covered with snow. 10x10learning.com 9

10 Eastern Margins type has warm wet summer and cold dry winters. North Eastern United States and adjoining parts of Canada, North China, Manchuria, Korea, and Northern Japan 10x10learning.com 10

11 West European Type 40 to 60 degrees Cool, rain bearing Westerlies keep the Western Margins moist. Heavier rain on windward slopes than on leeward side. Temperature 18 to 25 degrees. High humidity and four distinct seasons. 10x10learning.com 11

12 East Margin Region ( China Type) 20 degrees and 48 degrees latitude. Summers are Warm and moist, and Trade winds blow with moderate rainfall. Winters are cold, when Westerly winds blow from interior towards the oceans, and do not give any rain. 10x10learning.com 12

13 Warm Temperate East Coast Region ( China Type) 25 to 40 degrees N/S. Temperature between 21 to 27 degrees C. In winter from 5 to 1 degree C. Heavier rains in summers than in winters. Evergreen forests, deciduous forests. Summers are warm and moist, and Trade winds blow with moderate rainfall. Winters are cold, when Westerly winds blow from interior towards the oceans, and do not give any rain. 10x10learning.com 13

14 Temperate Evergreen Forests 10x10learning.com 14

15 Mid latitude Desert ( Steppe Lands ) surrounded by high mountains in interior plateau and basins in Asia And North America. Tibet, Gobi desert in China and Patagonia plateau in Argentina lying east of Andes. No inflow of moist air. Therefore, extreme temperatures. 10x10learning.com 15

16 Deserts Hot, Cool and Cold Cold Deserts : Polar Region Midnight sun Taiga type between 60 to 70 degrees Latitude Tundra type from 70 degree to 90 degree Hot Desert : Tropical Desert - 20 to 30 degrees China type 30 to 40 degrees Latitude Temperate Desert 45 to 60 degrees 10x10learning.com 16

17 10x10learning.com 17

18 Tropical Desert Western margins of continents in the Trade Wind belt roughly between 20 and 30 N and S latitudes, are known as hot or trade wind deserts. Annual rainfall (precipitation) is generally less than 25 cm. 10x10learning.com 18

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