Palestinian women through history

Transcription

1 ذ هللا ج ق ج ق ١ Islamic University- Gaza community Development Institution professional diploma translation اندايعح االعالي ح - غضج ػ حوز نى س ج ؿط غ ج طؼ ١ ج ط وذ ج ط ؾ س A Translation Project Presented to the community Development Institution Islamic University- Gaza By Nagham Mohanna Hala Aboud Supervisor's name Dr. Mohammed El Hah Ahmed

2 ذ هللا ج ق ج ق ١ Islamic University- Gaza community Development Institution professional diploma translation اندايعح االعالي ح - غضج ػ حوز نى س ج ؿط غ ج طؼ ١ ج ط وذ ج ط ؾ س فلسطينيات عبر التاريخ يششوع انرشخ ح يقذو ان ع ادج خذيح ان در ع وانرعه ى ان غر ش اندايعح االعالي ح- غضج ذشخ ح غى يه ا هال عثىد إششاف انذكرىس يس ذ انساج أز ذ

3 Declaration We, the undersigned, Nagham Khader Mohanna and Hala Abed Alkareem Aboud from Gaza confirm that the book mentioned below: Palestinian Women Through History has not been translated into Arabic before. So we acknowledge that all the information we have given in our declaration is true and correct to the best of our knowledge. The researchers, Nagham Khader Mohanna and Hala Abed Alkareem Aboud 3

4 Contents References Page Acknowledgements 5 Introduction 6 Purpose 8 Methodology 9 Difficulties 10 Techniques 11 Conclusion 1 4

5 Acknowledgements We would like to show our deep gratitude to Dr. Mohammed El Haj Ahmed, assistant professor of translation in the Department of English at the Islamic University of Gaza, for his help, support and advice during the translation of this book. We would also like to give thanks to MsImtiaz Zorob for providing us with her book and giving us the permission to translate this book. 5

6 Introduction The book Palestinian Women Through History is part of a book called "Palestinian Women". The book,written by the Palestinian writer Imtiaz Zo'arab, discussed the women of Palestine who had and still have a powerful role in the Palestinian history, and who sacrificed their lives in order to reach the freedom that they have always dreamed about. This book is considered collective information. Each Palestinian woman is given some space in order to shed light on some aspects of her life and discover new roles that the Palestinian woman has played. The book contains 8 categories: - Female martyrs. - Female released prisoners. - Successful stories. - Female politicians. - Female fighters. - Female pioneers. 6

7 This book is an collective information compiled by Nagham Mohanna and Hala Aboud. It is based on ideas and references taken from Imtiaz Zourob's Palestinian Women. It is highlights the struggle of women in Palestine, where she has played the role of the mother of the martyr, prisoner, fighter and sometimes all of these roles combined. To evaluate her role in society we the researchers decided to honor her by translating this book. Moreover, we as Palestinian women want to have our simple touch in this historical struggle. We hope that this book will reach the globe so that people around the world know that the Palestinian woman has her role in her community, insisting and asking about her right. 7

8 Purpose The decision of translating this book which is about women is to change the stereotypical image about Palestinian woman, as in this book you can find the woman as a fighter and housewife, literate and illiterate, decision maker and business woman, etc. Palestinian woman have fiercely fought through history to transcend barriers of tradition to join civilization, and confirm their rights in life and death. We decided to turn this book into English in order to make a new book that could reach a wide range of people worldwide in order to send a powerful image about the Palestinian women who can lead a nation. Unfortunately, some media outlets are trying to portray a bad image of the Palestinian woman and describe her as violent and lacking emotion, without providing any explanation about her background. So this book comes to explain why woman sometimes choose death instead of life, uncertainty instead of safety as each human in the world has the right to choose their own destiny. The Palestinian struggle against the Israeli occupation is continuing in different ways; it could be by peaceful means; it could be by resistance or by pen, and we the researchers chose to fight through our pen. 8

9 Methodology 1) Searching for a subject to write about. 2) Searching for a suitable book. 3) Getting a written permission from the writer of the book. 4) Contacting the administration of Community Development Institute to get the approval for our chosen material. 5) Contacting Dr. Mohammed El Haj Ahmed to be our supervisor and obtaining his approval 6) Discussing the way of rewriting the original book with the supervisor and getting the approval from him or her to start rewriting the book in Arabic then translating it to English. 7) Starting to rewrite the Arabic version. 8) Starting to translate the book into English. 9) Editing the final copy of the translation. 10) Writing the theoretical part of the project. 11) Editing the theoretical part. 12) Submitting. 9

10 Difficulties 1- The researchers tried to choose some expressions that best qualify the image of the Palestinian women as we are dealing with sensitive issues such as female martyr."استشهادية The 'female martyr' is the expression that is used in the Palestinian narrative and best describes the sacrifices made by the Palestinian women rather than the negative expression commonly used in western media as 'female bombers'. 2. Sometime we need to search about some events that happened before many years and have different stories. 3. Unfamiliarity with the historical background: the names of some of the Jewish organizations, Palestinian villages and the names of the Palestinian leaders were difficult to translate as well. 4. Both of us tried to be consistent in the way we translate and use the same expressions where we worked separately. 5. Translating the medical terms. "ولع الحةدة", "العز بايل " like 6. Translating the name of their publishing books االشقةدء 7. Translating some expressions that are used in colloquial Arabic such as "الصغدر"."الوهدبة ",علوي, "شةعي" 8. Translating some religious items such as 11

11 Techniques to face the difficulties The following techniques have been used to tackle these difficulties: 1- Borrowing: Borrowing is the taking of words directly from one language into another without translation; for example: Intifada, Nakba, Naksa, Shiey, Alwy, Alwahabi, Fida, Sumoud, the villages and cities names, etc. These are well-known events that need not to be translated literally. 2- Adaptation: Something specific to the source language culture is expressed in a totally different way that is familiar or appropriate to the target language culture. For example: ج ط حو ٠ حش Female martyrs Another example is: ق س و ز وػ ج فىجت Militant support campaign 3- Avoiding literal translation The translator tried as much as possible to avoid falling in the literal translation trap. 11

12 Conclusion Our project is CVs of the most famous Palestinian women. Before we started to translate this work, we made some research about the characters and gathered more information about them in order to give more value to our project. We followed many techniques in translating this work such as borrowing some quotations from some articles in English, and we tried to avoid literal translation as much as we can. We faced some problems during translating this project but we have overcome them by using some techniques such as adaptation. We would also like to thank all those who helped and supported us to finish this work. Nagham's work starts from page 1 to 102. Hala's work starts from page 103 to

13 Introduction : The Palestinian woman has played an important role in the Palestinian resistance. Her struggle against the Israeli occupation has taken different forms: armed resistance and peaceful resistance. Since the beginning of the occupation which generated resistance, Palestinian women and girls have searched for different ways to protest against the enemy and stop contacts with it. Palestinian women transcended all barriers of tradition and joined national resistance organizations in the 1920s. Through these organizations they came to play an effective role in the various aspects of political activities, including armed resistance. In 1929, the first Palestine Arab Women's Congress was held in Jerusalem. Over 300 delegates from around the country took part in the conference. Leaving their homes and farms behind, the women came to demand freedom for Palestinian political prisoners, and independence for Palestine. The congress issued a revolutionary declaration for women to leave aside other family duties and to support their husbands in their struggle and national rights. In the 1930s, a militant women's group called 'Zahrat Al-Okhowan' was formed to fight the British occupation of Palestine. In 1936, and in reaction to the Zionist settlers displacing Palestinians, the workers of Palestine men and women alike carried out a six-month general strike. All normal life stopped. The 1936 general strike was the longest strike in Middle East history. In 1948, after the UN partition of Palestine and the creation of Israel, more than 800,000 Palestinians-nearly 90 percent of the population- were forcibly expelled from their homeland. Palestinian activist and feminist Reem Alnuweiri described the impact of this expulsion on women: "The Palestinian woman became a refugee and her main interest was focused on keeping the Palestinian national identity intact. So she had to heal the wounds, re-union the dispersed family, secure food with her partner, and more importantly, keeping the memory.... Palestinians who were raised by refugee families and who never saw Palestine, have a very clear picture of their country through the stories told by their mothers and grandmothers". Despite the scathing criticism, the women's movement - and since the Six Day War- has expanded their activities and challenged social and traditional barriers. 13

14 ج مى س : وأذص ج أز ج ف ط ١ ١ س ػ ج ض ؼد و ج ح ف ج مح س ي ه نالي مح س جالقطالي جال جت ١ وح ح و ح ج فؼحي ف ج حي ج ف ط ١ ج وح ج ج ى و ج ١ ح ج ػ ٠ ٠ ك ج مح س ق ج ال, ء جالقطالي ج ط ىش ج مح س ج حء ج فط ١ حش ؾى ٠ ٠ م ذح ط ج ؼػ ػ ج ح ١ د ػى ٠ ىز ح ٠ مس ج ؼى ف ج طؼح ؼ. و ؿص ج جز ج ف ط ١ ١ س ف ح ف ج مح س جال طكحق ذح ك وحش ج ١ ٠ س 1920,ق ١ ع ضؿح ش و ج ؼ ١ محش ج طمح ١ ى ج ص ظ حش ج مح س ج ١ ٠ س نالي ج ظ حش ؼرص ج حء و ج ح فؼحال ف هط ف ج ح ٠ حش ج ١ ح ١ س ذ ح ٠ ح ج مح س ج كس. ف ػح 1929 ظ ج ي و ؿ ػ ذ حء ف ط ١ ف ج مى, ق ١ ع ح ن ح ٠ مح خ جي 300 فى ؼظ و ي ج ؼح. إالء ج حء ض و ق ١ حض ج طم ١ ى ٠ س ف ذ ١ ض ج ػ جض ١ جؾ ج طح رس ذك ٠ س ج ف ط ١١ ١ جال, جال طمالي ف ط ١. ض ج ىج ل ج غ لر ج ؿ ؿ حء ذط ن أ جؾرحش جن ذك ١ حض ج ل ف فح ذ ف ذؿح د ج جؾ ح ىض ف ل ١ ط ج ١ ٠ س. ف ػح 1930 ف ط ١. ض ض ى ١ ؿ ػس ػ ى ٠ س حت ١ س ج ٠ ك ػ ١ ح ج ز جالن ج ي ه مح س جالقطالي ج ر ٠ طح ف ػح 1936 و وز فؼ ال ط ١ طح ج ١ ض ؿ ١ ج ف ط ١١ ١ لح ج ؼح ١ ج حء ج ؾحي ذط ظ ١ ج جخ ػح ىز 6 ج ق ١ ع ض لفص ج ك ١ حز ذ ه ج لص. جػطر ج جال جخ ذ ه ج لص ج ٠ ي ج جخ ف ضح ٠ م ج ق جال ١. ف ػح 1948 ذؼى ل ج ج طم ١ ج ض ج ىج لر جال ج طكىز غ ل ١ ح و س ج جت ١ ق ١ ع ض ٠ و ض ؿ ١ ح ٠ مح خ جي 800,000 ف ط ١ أ ح ٠ مح خ % 90 ػىو ىح ف ط ١. لح ص ج ح طس ج حت ١ س ٠ ج ٠ ذ ف جغ ج ج ط ؿ ١ ػ ج حء " ج ركص ج جز ج ف ط ١ ١ س الؾثس ط ح ج ك ؾس ذاذمحء ج ٠ س ج ف ط ١ ١ س ١ س, ق ١ ع وح ػ ١ ح ج ض ف جالال جػحوز جال ز ج ططس ذحال حفس طح ١ ج طؼح غ ٠ ى ح ف ق ج و ج كفحظ ػ ج و... ج ف ط ١١ ١ ج ٠ ث ج ػ ج ٠ ى ػحتالش حؾ ز ج ٠ ٠ ط ف س ؤ ٠ س ف ط ١ ضى ص ى ٠ ز ج كس ػ ح نالي ج و ٠ حش ج ط ٠ ط و ح لر ج حض ؾىجض. ذح غ جوط حخ ج ك وس ج حت ١ س ن جال طمحوجش جال ج ح ق خ ق ٠ ج لح ج ذط ١ غ ح ٠ حض ح طط غ ضطكى و ج ؼ ١ محش ج م ج ١ ج طمح ١ ى جالؾط حػ ١ س. 14

15 Palestinian women have participated in all forms of resistance such as demonstrations, making bandages, cooking for the wounded, and using bullets and bombs. The history continues along with the sacrifices of the Palestinian woman-whether these are her own scarifies or by those done by members of her family. The book contains seven groups of women who have contributed significantly to their national cause. 15

16 ق ١ ع ح وص ج حء ذح مح س ذ ط جال ىحي ي ه نالي ج طظح ج حػىز ف ض ١ ى ؾ ج ج مح ١ ج ؿ ق ج طرم غ ص ق س ج طهىج ج ال ج م حذ جالق س ج ح فس. ٠ ط ج طح ٠ م ذ ح لى ط ج جز ج ف ط ١ ١ س جؾرحش ض ك ١ حش ٠ ج وح ص ج ط ك ١ حش نال ح ج نالي جقى جف جو ج ض ح. ٠ كط ج ج ىطحخ ػ 7 ؿ ػحش ج حء ج ط ١ جػط ١ جوػ ح جن 16

17 First group : Female Human Bomb The "Female martyers" is not an incidental phenomena in the Palestinian community. The phenomenon, which began during the second Intifada, was used against the enemy. It caused much damage to the enemy as it forced it to panically search for "human bombs" who were ready to detonate themselves anytime. Those women, who sacrificed their lives for the cause of their country, were highly educated and satisfied in their personal lives. However, they suffered from the effects of the 1948 Nakbah, (the Palestinian Catastrophe), as well as from the continuing effects of the Israeli apartheid regime. This suffering turned them to 'movable human bombs', in order to stop all barbaric attacks against their people. So they chose to leave their families, friends, ambitions and joined the path of resistance in order to secure a bright future for their people. Palestinian famous women engraved their names in Palestinian history in several ways, and they served their case in many methods, hoping for a better life. This book will show a number of women who set good examples in struggle, suffering and steadfastness. Concerning "woman martyrs' Dr. Vivian Khamis, Prof. of psychology at Bethlehem University, said "What do you expect? What are you going to lose? Life or death". It should be noted that Prof. Khamis is opposed to martyrdom operations, but she says she understands what's behind them. "Missile attacks, tank attacks, gunshots, the sounds of helicopters all night; all these sounds are so terrorizing for old people and children," says Prof. Khamis. She added that sacrificing life under Israeli military occupation is a precious cost. Right now, the Palestinian people can't move anywhere without passing through Israeli checkpoints. They believe they're set up - not to spread the culture of suicide bombing, as the Israelis say - but simply to make life miserable for them. "I mean, look at you as an American when you are in the United States. When you drive to work, and somebody tries to delay you for 10 minutes, you say, 'I'm going to sue him,'" says Khamis. "But they are delaying all our lives. 17

18 المجموعة االولى : استشهاديات جال ط حو ٠ حش..." ضى ظح ز ػحذ ز ػ ج ؿط غ ج ف ط ١ ػ ج طفح حض ى غط د أ, ذ ظح ز أفمىش ج ؼى جذ ذىج ؿ ح ف ج ركع ػ ل حذ ذ ٠ س حت ١ س, ؾح ز ال ضمحء ف و ق ١. ق ١ ع ظ جش ظح ش جال ط حو ٠ حش ذىج ٠ س ج ىالع جال طفح س ج ػح ١ س. ض ه ج ز ج الض ك ١ ذك ١ حض وح ج حء طؼ حش ؼ ١ ىجش ذك ١ حض ى ؼح حض ج ط ذىجش ج ىرس ف ػح 1948 ج ط ج ف ج ظح ج ؼ جال جت ١ ؾؼ ص ل حذ ذ ٠ س طك وس جؾ ج ٠ لف ج ؿ حش ج س ذكك ؼر ج الو فط و ػحتالض, ج ىلحت ٠ ق جقال ح و ف ج ؿ حو ج مح س ١ ؼط ١ ؼ ذ طمر ق. قف ش ج حء ض ه ج ز ف ضح ٠ م ف ط ١ ذؼىز ٠ ق ق ١ ع لح ج ذهى س ٠ ذطمى ٠ ج غح ج ف ١ ج ال ذك ٠ س لس ج ك ز ف ج ج ىطحخ ف ٠ ط يو ػىز حيؼ حت ١ س طؼ ١ ح و ػ ج مح س, ج ؼح حز ج و. ذ ح ٠ هط ذ ع جال ط حو ٠ حش ضم ي ووط ز ف ١ فح ن ١ ذ ف ف ػ ج ف ف ؾ ؼس ذ ١ ص ك " حيج ضط لؼ حيج ف ضه "ج ك ١ حز ج ج ش". ج ؿى ٠ ذح و ذح ج ر ف ن ١ ى ج ؼ ١ حش جال ط حو ٠ س ى ح ضطف ج ىف ج ؼ ١ حش " ؿ ىفؼ, ق ج ٠ الق ح. ش ٠ حت جش ج ١ ورط ٠ جي ج ١ جال ذح فؼ ض د ج ىرح جال ٠ فحي". ضم ي ووط ن ١ ج ػ ى ح ضم ذح ط ك ١ س ذك ١ حضه ف ظ جالقطالي جال جت ١ فح ح ض ك ١ س فؼ ١ س". فحال ج ج ؼد ال ٠ طط ١ غ ج طك ن ذك ٠ س جال ذحؾط ١ ح ؼىو مح ٠ ج طفط ١ ف و ىح, ف ج ج ؼد مط غ ض ح ذح جيج ضك ي ج جؾ حو طفؿ ز ١ جؾ ج ٠ ج غمحفس ج ؼ ١ حش جال طكح ٠ س ى جؾ ج ٠ ؿؼ ج ق ١ حز جال جت ١ ١ ق ١ حز ذحت س ". ض ١ ف " ح جقح ي ل ظ ش ف ه وح ٠ ى ج ص ف ج ال ٠ حش ج طكىز ػ ى ح ض طم ١ ح ضه حخ ؼ ه ٠ م جقى ح ذطحن ١ ن 10 ولحتك فطم ي لط ح ف جل ذ مح حضه ى ضه ١ ح ف ف ط ١ ٠ م ذطحن ١ ق ١ حض ح و ح". 18

19 1. Wafa Idris, 28 years old Date of operation : 28/1/2002 Wafa Idris, 28 years old, was born in the "Alamary" refugee camp in Ramallah; she is the sister of three brothers who are Fatah-affiliated members. Her brother Khaleel spent 8 years in the Israeli prison. This forced her second brother, Khaled, to leave school to take care of his family, specially that their father is dead, so her third brother Soltan helped his brother to rebuild their home to protect the family during summer and winter. When Khaleel was released from the Israeli prison, he continued his social life out of the prison, but he was re-arrested in administrative detention, despite having no resistance actions. During the Alaqsa Intifada, he was listed by Israel as the most dangerous militants. On Sunday morning January 27, Wafa woke up greeting her mother as usual and telling her ' the situation is so difficult that makes everyone expect death anytime" Then she left to her voluntary work in the "Red crescent". When she arrived, she greeted everyone for the last time, trying to copy everyone's face and to take with her the memories that will not die. Then she left to the Yafa street in Jerusalem city. On her way she started to remember men, women and children who were wounded or died from Israeli forces attacks; those faces that provoked her to revenge and give other peace. Idris, a volunteer medic who raised doves and adored children, blew herself to pieces in less than a minute, in a downtown shopping district, killing an Israeli man and wounding many other people. 19

20 1- وفاء ادس ظ, 28 عايا ذاس خ انع ه ح : 2002/1/28 فحء جو ٠ جذ س جي 28 ػح, ىش فحء ف ه ١ جال ؼ ف ى ٠ س ج هللا ؼحت س حؾ ش ى ٠ س ج س ذؼى ىرس, 48 جنص ق ١ ىز ػالغس ج محء ٠ ط ك وس فطف. ج م ١ م ح ن ١ غ ح جش ف ؿ جالقطالي فح ط ج م ١ ك جالن نح ى ج ض ن ج ى ج س ج ف ج ػح الػح س ج ض ال ج ى ط ف ج ط طح ج م ١ ك جال غ ج ٠ ح ج جال ح ج نح ى ف ػح ٠ س جال ز وح ىف جال ح جػحوز ذ حء ج ر ١ ص قط ٠ ك جال ز ج ط ق ج ١ ف ػ ى ح ن ؼ ن ١ ج ؿ جو ج ج ج ى ؽ ف ق ١ حض جالؾط حػ ١ س جال ج جالقطالي ٠ ط ن جال ز ف قح ح, ق ١ ع جػطم ن ١ جوج ٠ ح ػ ج غ ػى ج ضرح ٠ ذح ح ٠ ٠ طؼ ك ذ مح س جالقطالي, نالي ج طفح س جالل ؼص ج جت ١ ج ػ لح س ج هط ٠ ج ط ذ ١ ح ج ط ١ مظص فحء رح ٠ جالقى ٠ ح ٠ 27 ط ح ٠ ح ذ ى ٠ ر ١ ؼ وػس ج ح ذى حش ض " ج غ ؼد ٠ ى إل ح ج ٠ ط ى ذأ كظس " غ ي رص ؼ ح ف ج الي جالق ج ط وح ص ضؼ ذ و طط ػ,ج مص ضك ١ س ج رح ػ ؾ ض ج ح ز جن وأ ح ضط ١ ج محء ضك ١ س ج جوع ف لص القك غحو ش ػ ح طؿ ج ح ع ٠ حفح ف ى ٠ س ج مى,ضك ؼ ح ذمح ٠ ح جقال ٠ خ ؼد جغط د قم,ػ ح ف ج ١ د حظ ج ؿ ق ج ىجء ج ط وح ص ض ط وػ و ٠ ضفح ل ح قط ٠ ف جل ح, جو ٠ ج طط ػس ج طر ١ س ج ط جػطحوش ض ذ ١ س ج ك ح ػ ك جال ٠ فحي لح ص ذطفؿ ١ ف ح ذحل ول ١ مس ك س ف ح الؾ جء ط حغ ز, ح جو ج مط جقى ػ جالل ئ حذس ج ؼ جش جال جت ١١ ١. 21

21 2. Nora Shalhoub, 15 years old Date of operation : 25/5/2002 "Get out of my land, you are not allowed in, I have decided by God's will to attack those arrogants at the damned checkpoint and kill them to teach them a lesson that they have no security on our land," said Nora in a letter signed as "the living martyr" and left behind for her family, friend and nation, before she left home on 25/5/2002 toward the "Teba" military checkpoint to take revenge for the attacks carried out against her people. Nora headed to the "Teba" military checkpoint near the West Bank town of Tulkarm, armed with faith and her dagger, the only weapon to use against the soldiers at the checkpoint. The anger and injustice being practiced against her people was the main reason for her to carry out her attack. Unfortunately, when she ran towards the checkpoint holding the knife in her hand, the Israeli soldiers shot her dead after allegedly firing warning bullets to stop her. Nora, the 15 years old girl, was carried to her family home as a dead body, a moment that her family will never forget. 21

22 2- ىسا شههىب, 15 عاو ذاس خ انع ه ح : 2002/5/25 "ج ق ج ػ ج ف ج ق ج ػ ١ ى. مى ل ش ذاي ذ ج جلطك إالء ج طغط ١ ج كحؾ ج ؼ جلط قط ٠ ؼ ج ج ١ ج ح ف ج.«ذؼ ج ى حش ج ط جقط ض ح ج ح س ج ط ض وط ح ج وػ ج ح ح أ ىلحت ح ؼر ح لؼس ذح "ج ١ ى ج ك " لر غحو ض ح ذ ١ ط ح فؿ 2002/2/25 ٠ ط ؾ ج قحؾ ١٠ رس ج ؼ ى, ق ١ ع ؾ ص ح ط ح ؼد ج ف ط ١ أل ح أ ىلحت ح ػح س جال ػ جال طمح ح س ج ؼى ج ر ؼس ذكك ج ؼد ج ف ط ١. ض ؾ ص ج ج قحؾ ١٠ رس ج ؼ ى ذح م خ ى ٠ س ٠ ي و ف ج فس ج غ ذ ١ س, ط كس ذا ٠ ح ح ن ؿ ح الق ح ج ق ١ ى ج ج جوش ج ضطؼ ذ ج ؿ و جال جت ١١ ١ ج ط جؾى ٠ ذح ىح. ق لط ح ػ ٠ ح ػى جقط ح ح ح ٠ كىظ ؾؼ غ ٠ ط ح ضك و ح طهى س جذ ١ جال كس ط ح ذ ؾ ػى ح ئال ج ح ج ؿ ى جال جت ١ وح ص ج ع ح ج وض ح ١ ىز ذؼى ج وح ج ؿ ى لى ج ٠ ك ٠ مس ضك ٠ ٠ س إل ٠ محف ح لر لط ح. ػحوش ج يجش جي 15 ذ ١ ؼح ج ذ ١ ص ػحت ط ح وؿ ى ح ى, ح ى ػحت ط ح ى س ال ٠ ى ١ ح ح ج كظس. 22

23 3. Dareen Abu Aisheh, 22 years old The date of the operation ; 27/2/2002 Dareen was a student in the English Department at Al-Najah university in Nablus. She was born in the Bit Wazen village in Nablus, West Bank, and she has 7 sisters and two brothers. She kept dreaming of being martyr, so she worked hard to achieve this goal. In a videotape she recorded and was broadcast by the Arab satellite channel ANN, Dareen said, "I wanted to be the second woman after Wafa Idrees to carry out a martyr operation and take revenge for the blood of the martyrs and the desecration of the sanctity of Al-Aqsa mosque". The second Intifada triggered the idea of martyrdom in Dareen. Her constant participation in demonstrations and funerals planted the idea of revenge in her mind. Surrounded herself by an explosive belt Dareen ran to her target on 27/2/2002. She walked proudly and with confident steps as if she were walking toward the gates of Heavens, and within minutes she blew herself up near the Bit Sira military checkpoint, killing scores of Israelis and injuring others. 23

24 3- داس اتى ع شح, 22 عاو, جنص رؼس ذاس خ انع ه ح : 2002/2/27 وج ٠ ٠ ح رس ؾح ؼس ج ؿح ل ج غس جال ى ٠ ١ س ىش ف ل ٠ س ذ ١ ص ل حء حذ م ١ مح, ج حوز وح ص ج ١ ط ح ذى الز ق ح ج ػ ص ؾح ىز طكم ١ م. جن جش ؿ ص وج ٠ ف ١ ى ٠ ض ػ ػ ل حز ANN ضم ي ف ١ "ج ٠ ى ج جو ج ١ ىز ج ػح ١ س ذؼى ج ١ ىز فحء جو ٠ ألل ذط ف ١ ػ ١ س ئ ط حو ٠ س ال طمح ى حء ىجت ح ضى ١ مى حض ح ذ ح ف ١ ح ؿى جألل ج طفح س جالل فؿ ش ػ ى وج ٠ ج ك ح س ج ؼ ٠ س ال طمح ى حء ج ف ط ١ ١ س ج ى ز ذ ح وط ح ج ىجت س ف ض ١١ غ ؾػح ١ ج ىجء ج ح وس ف ج ١ جش ج ط جوض ح ض ١ ح ػ ج ضؿؼ ؾ ى ح ظح ٠ ح طك ق جالقطالي. ف 2-27 ٠-2002 ج ط مص وج ٠ ج ىف ح ضك ق ج ح ح فح ق ي ؾ ى ح ج طح, ح ش ذهط ج جغك ج ؼح ك ؿ ح ض ظ ن ف ح ضىط ظ ذ ج ى ١ ح ف حن ح ٠ طظ ح ٠ طكك ج ضؼؿ, حػحش ل ١ س قط ضكىغص جال رحء ػ ػ ١ س ج ط حو ٠ س أ ح قحؾ ذ ١ ص ١ ج ج ؼ ى, ط ضم ١ ىز ض لغ ج مط ج ؿ ق ف ف ف ج ح ٠ س. 24

25 4. Ayat Al-krase, 17 years old Date of the operation : 29/3/2002 Ayat was born in 1985 in the Deheisheh refugee camp near Bethlehem. She was an excellent student at secondary school, grade 12. She is the fourth among her 7 sisters and 3 brothers. On March 29, 2003, Ayat left the house in the morning to go to school. After school she walked into a Jerusalem supermarket. There she pushed a button on her belt, killing two Israelis in the explosion. Her body was seized in the numbered cemetery with 200 bodies of Palestinian martyrs as Israel refused to send it home. Her family appealled to Human Rights organizations to coordinate with the Isareli side to regain the body so that the family can bury her body in accordance with the Islamic law. However, the Israeli authorities refused to send the remains home. Instead, the Israeli tanks destroyed Ayat's home and arrested a number of her brothers. After several years, and after many appeals by human rights groups, Israel handed over some 30 bodies of Palestinian martyrs, including that of Ayat, thus enabling her family to arrange a funeral. Before her operation Ayat recorded a videotape in which she delivered a message to her nation and another one o her enemy. She said "I am the living martyr, I am carrying out this operation for the sake of God. My message to the Arab Leaders is: don't give up your duty towards Palestine. I say this as a cry, a plea. Oh, al-aqsa Mosque, Oh, Palestine. It will be Intifada until victory". 25

26 4- آ اخ االخشط, 17 عاو ذاس خ انع ه ح : 2002/3/29 آ ٠ حش ك ى طف جألن ج ١ ى 1985 ف ه ١ ج ى ١ س الؾث ١ ج ف ط ١١ ١ ذح م خ ذ ١ ص ك وح ص ف ػح ح ج ػح ع ف ج ق س ج ػح ٠ س ج جذؼس ذ ١ أن جض ح ج رغ ئن ج ح ج ػالغس, ػ فص ذطف ل ح ج ى ج. ف رح 2002/3/29 ٠ ض ؾ ص وج ٠ غ ى ٠ محض ح ى ج س ػ ى ج ط حت ح ضغحو ح ذ ىص ٠ ٠ ك جن و يو ؾ ط ح ى ٠ محض ح ج ط وػط و ج طك ذى س جقىز ض ؾ ص ج جقى ج جو ج طؿح ٠ س ذ ى ٠ س ج مى حن لح ص ذطفؿ ١ ف ح ح جو ج مط ئ جت ١١ ١ جغ ١. ض قؿ ؾػ ح ح وف ح ف مر ز جال لح غ ١ ى 200 ف ط ١ ف ص ل جش جالقطالي ض ر ١ ؾ ى ح. وح ص ػحت س ج ٠ حش لى ؾ ص ح ىز ىحفس ج إ حش ج كم ل ١ س ج ى ١ س ج ك ١ س ج ؼ جؾ ج ط وجو ؾػ ح ح ج ؼ ػ وف ح ف ظ ف الت س ضط ح د غ جالػ جف ج ؼحوجش ق د ضؼح ١ ج ى ٠ جال ال ج ك ١ ف. ى ض ق ح ج ؼحت س ؾػ ح جذ ط ١ ج فم ١ ذ ج ٠ ح لح ص ج طحش جال جت ١ ١ س ذ ى ي ج ٠ حش ضى ١ و ١ ح جػطمحي ػىو ج محت ح و و فؼ ج ػ ج ؼ ١ س جال ط حو ٠ س. ذؼى ػىز جػ ج لح ص ج طحش جال جت ١ ١ س ذط ١ ؾػ ح ج ٠ حش ج ػحت ط ح ذؼى ح ىجش لر إ حش قم ق جال ح ق ١ ع لح ص ذط ١ 30 ؾػ ح ؼىو ج ىجء ذ ١ ؾػ ح ج ٠ حش, ح جػط ج ف س ؼحت س ج ٠ حش ذىف ؾ ى ح ج طح ق د جال ي ج ى ١ ٠ س. وح ص لى ؿ ص ج ٠ حش ف ١ ى ٠ طم ي ح ط ح ؼر ح ػى ح ق ١ ع لح ص "ج ح ج ١ ىز ج ك ١ س ج ٠ حش جالن, جل ذؼ ج نح ؾ هللا ج ؼ ج مى ٠ أل ي كىح ج ؼ خ وفحو ضهحيال ضمح غ ػ جوجء ج جؾد جضؿح ف ط ١ ج جل ح ج جل ح ج ف ط ١ ج ف ط ١ هللا جور ػ ج ظح ١ ئ ح ال طفح ١ س قط ج ". 26

27 5. Andaleeb Taqatqa, 20 The date of operation : 12/4/2002 Andaleeb lived in the Bet Fajar village, North of Hebron in West Bank. She was not interested in politics, but the daily sufferings of her people as a result of the Israeli actions has pushed her to choose a new road. Andleeb had a difficult life. She left her school to work in a sewing factor to help her poor family. The poverty didn't make Andaleeb a selfish girl, but it gave her value for life, by giving her nation the dignity that was stolen one day. Taqatqa blew herself up in the Mahane Yehuda outdoor market in downtown Jerusalem, killing 6 people and injuring 89; the explosion targeted the then mayor of Jerusalem Ehud Olmert but he survived. 27

28 -5 عندليب طقاطقه, 21 ضح ٠ م ج ؼ ١ س : 2002/4/12 ػ ى ١ د فطحز ج ؼ ٠ ذ ١ ؼح ج ط ػح ص ق ١ حض ح ف ل ٠ س»ذ ١ ص فؿح «حي ى ٠ س ج ه ١, ضرى أ ج ط ح ذح ١ ح س ال قط ذح كى ٠ ع ػ ح ى ح و ص ضؼح ١ ٠ ح غط س ح حش ج جت ١ ١ س وفؼ ح طهطح ٠ ٠ ك ؾى ٠ ى ٠ ى ف نطس ق ١ حض ح... ج ك ١ حز ج ؼرس ج ط جؾ ط ح ػ ى ١ د ؼ س جظحف ح ضؼرى ح ٠ ٠ ك ة ذح و ذ ؼص ح ٠ ٠ ك ة ذح رحضحش ج حتىس ط غ ح ج ك ١ حز طه ػ ق ح ج ى ج ض ن ج ى س ذح ف ج حذغ طؼ ف غ ن ١ ح ٠ س ض حػى ج ض ح طىرى ؼ ذس ج ك ١ حز... ذح غ ج ك ١ حز ج ؼرس ج ط ػح ط ح وج ٠ ضؿؼ ح فطحز ج ح ١ س ٠ غ ضفى ١ ح ج ك ١ حز ج ف س ذ ؾؼ ط ح ضؼط ل ١ س ك ١ حز ذحػطحء ؼر ح ج ى ج س ج ط رص و ح ض ٠ ى ج ٠ حي ح س ذح ج ى ج س ١ ذح ط جاللط حو ذ ذح ك ١ حز ج ى ٠ س ذ ٠ ق ط. فمح ص ذطفؿ ١ ف ح ف ق» ك ٠ وج«جور ق ؼر ١ و ف ج مى ج غ ذ ١ س جوش ج ؼ ١ س ج مط طس ج جت ١١ ١ ج حذس جوػ ن س ض ؼ ١ ج جت ١ ١ ح, وحوش ضمط ت ١ ذ ى ٠ س جالقطالي ف ج مى ج ١ ى و ج طط ف ج ٠ و ج ش. 28

29 6. Ilham Al-Dosoky, The date of the operation : 2002 Another Palestinian girl drew her road toward martyrdom. Ilham Al-Dosoky blew up herself in a group of Israeli soldiers when they attacked a Palestinian house in the Jenen refugee camp in the West Bank, killing two Israeli soldiers and injuring six others. 29

30 6- ج ح ج ى ل : ضح ٠ م ج ؼ ١ س : ١ ح 2002 فطحز ف ط ١ ١ س جن ضه ١ ٠ ٠ م ح ك ج حوز طمط ؾ ى ١٠ جغ ١ ج جت ١ ي ه جغ حء جلطكح ل جش ج ؿ ١ جال جت ١ ر ١ ص ػ ج ٠ جف ه ١ ق ١, فمى لح ص ذطفؿ ١ ف ح ف ؿ ػس ج ؿ و طمط جغ ١ ض ١ د طس جن ٠. 31

31 7. Heba Darghama, 19 years old The date of the operation : 19/5/2003 Heba was raised in a prisoner's home, in Tubas in the West Bank, where she used to see her mother's tears for her son who was arrested by the Israeli authorities. So she grew up with the idea of revenge to heal her mother's wounds. So she blew up herself outside the Amakim shopping mall in the Northern Israeli town of Afula, killing three Israelis and wounding 48 other. 31

32 7- رس جغ س, 19 ػح ضح ٠ م ج ؼ ١ س 2003/5/19 ج ض ذ ضىر ف ذ ١ ص ج ١ ف ج ؿ جال جت ١ ١ س فح ح ق ١ حز ١ ص س جذىج, فمى جػطحوش رس ج ض طمر رحق ح ػ و ع ج ح ج ط ضرى جذ ح ج ق ط ح ج طحش جال جت ١ ١ س جػطم ط, ف ٠ ى ج ح رس ٠ ٠ ك جن جال طمح ؼطم م ١ م ح جالور فؿ ز ف ح ػ ج ىن ج ل ؿ غ" ؼى ١ "ج طؿح ف ى ٠ س ج ؼف س حي ؾ ١ ح أو ئ مط غالغس ح ٠ س ئ حذس آن ٠. 32

33 8. Hanady Jaradat, 29 years old Date of the operation : 4/10/2003 Hanady was born in Jenin, north of the West Bank; she studied in the Jineen schools before she left to Jordan to study law. She came back home after obtaining the law certificate to start her official work as a lawyer, but the assassination of her brother and cousin by the Israeli forces changed her target completely Ms Jaradat was with her parents on 4 Oct She told her parents she had a land contract to complete. Hours before she carried out her attack, Ms Jaradat met with two members from the Islamic Jihad militant group who walked with her for 30 miles west across to Haifa, where she changed her traditional Arabic clothes and wore jeans and a ponytail. Dressed like an Israeli citizen, she walked into a seaside restaurant and blew herself up, killing 19 Israelis. 33

34 - 8 ه اد خشاداخ, 29 عاو ذاس خ انع ه ح : 2003/10/4 ىش حو ذ ى ٠ س ؾ ١ حي ج فس ج غ ذ ١ س جو ص و ج ط ح ج ى ١ س ف ؾ ١ لر ج ضط ؾ ج جال و طى و ج ط ح ج ؿح ؼ ١ س ذى ١ س ج كم ق ج طكمص ذح طى ٠ د ف ؿحي ج كح حز ذىجش ض ك ح ٠ ٠ مح ىفحع ػ ج ظ ١ فغ ش ج كك قط ج فمىش م ١ م ح جذ ػ ح م ١ م ح جذ ػ ح ج لح ص ذحغط ١ ح ل جش ج ؿ ١ جال جت ١ ف ؾ ١. ف رح ٠ ج جذغ جوط ذ ف ػح 2003, وح ص ؾ وجش ذ كرس ج ى ٠ ح ػ ى ح لح ص ج ى ح ذح ى ٠ ح ذؼ جالػ حي ط ١ ح فىح ى ٠ ح ػمى ذ ١ غ ج. ػ ذؼى 6 حػحش ض ح ج طمص ؾ جوجش ذ حػى ٠ ح ق وس ج ؿ حو جال ال لح ذح طكحذ ح حفس 30 ١ لح طؼر ج ق ١ فح, ق ١ ع لح ص ذطرى ٠ الذ ح يجش ج طحذغ ج ؼ ذ ق ١ ع ذى ص ػرحتط ح ج وجء ر ص ذ طحي ؾ ١ فؼص ؼ ح ػ ى ي ٠ ق ح طظ ذ ى ال ٠ ى فح لط ح ىال ف ١ ػ أ ج ج ١ ٠ جال جت ١١ ١. جضؿ ص ج ج ىح ج ط ض ض ف ١ ج ؼ ١ س ف ١ ق ١ ع جضؿ ص ج طؼ ؿح ج ط ص فؿ ش ف ح لط ص 19 ج جت ١. 34

35 9. Reem Al-Ryashi, 22 years old Date of the operation : 14/1/2004 Reem is a wife and mother of two children. A member of Ezziddin Al Qassam Brigades, she decided to sacrifice herself in order to give her people the dignity and freedom that had been usurped. She blew up herself in the Erzz crossing, north of the Gaza Strip, killing four Israeli soldiers and injuring others. The crossing is a passage where thousands of Palestinians cross each day from Gaza to work in a neighboring industrial zone. When Reem reached the metal detector at the terminal, she pretended to have metal plates in her leg which would release alarm. She asked to have a body search instead. After being taken to an area where a group of soldiers and policemen were checking bags, she was told to wait for a woman to come and search her in a cubicle. It was then that she blew up herself. Riyashi said that since she was 13 she had dreamed of turning her body into deadly shrapnel against the Zionists. She said: I always wanted to be the first woman to carry out a martyrdom operation". With this operation Reem turned the steering of "suicide bomber" to Gaza Strip, to say that the resistance doesn't have one place. The resistance is available in any place where Israeli occupation exists; it takes different forms in order to achieve victory. 35

36 9 س ى انش اش, 22 عاو ذاس خ انع ه ح : 2004/1/14 ٠ ج ط ض ط ىطحتد ػ ج ى ٠ ج م ح ؾس ج طف ١ جنطح ش ٠ ٠ ك ج حوز ج ط ك ١ س ذؿ ى ح ج طح وفحػح ػ و ج س ٠ كح س جػطحء ٠ ق الذ حت ح ؼر ح. قرع لح ص ذطفؿ ١ ف ح ذ ح ٠ مح خ جي 2 و ١ ؾ ج ج طفؿ جش ف ج ج ٠ ف ١ جالف ج ؼ حي ج ف ط ١ ١ لطحع غ ز ج وجن جال ج جال جت ١ ١ س حي لطحع غ ز ػ ؼر ج ٠ ح ٠ ؼ ف ذح طمس ج حػ ١ س ح ج ف ػ مط 4 ؾ و ج جت ١١ ؾ 10 جن ٠. ػ ى ح ص ج ٠ ح ج طمس ج طفط ١ ج فك ضظح ش ج ٠ ح ج ى ٠ ح ؼى ف حل ح ح ف ٠ طؽ ػ ض غ ١ جال ج. ٠ رص ج ٠ ط ضفط ١ ح ٠ ى ٠ ح. ذؼى ج ض جن ح طمس نح س طفط ١ ق ١ ع ٠ ط جؾى ذ ح ػىو ؾحي ج ٠ س جال ج ٠ ٠ م ذفك ج كمحتد, ٠ د ح جال طظح ج ج ٠ ط جق ح ١٠ س طم ذطفط ١ ح. ف ض ه ج كظس لح ص ذطفؿ ١ ف ح. وح ص لى قص ج ٠ ح ف لص حذك ج ح وح ص ضك وح ى ٠ ح 13 ظح ٠ ح ضك ق جؾ حو ج ١ و ج طؼ ٠. ػح ح ذح كظس ج ط ضؿؼ ف ١ ح ؾ ى ح لح ص مى ج وش وجت ح ج جو ج ي ج جز ضم ذح ط ك ١ س ذ ف ح ض ف ػ ١ س ج ط حو ٠ س ذ ج ؼ ١ س قح ص ٠ ج ض م وفص ج ؼ ١ حش جال ط حو ٠ س ج لطحع غ ز س ح س ذح ؾ ١ غ ذمحع ف ط ١ ضؼى نط ج ػ أ ؾ ى ج جت ١ ٠ ٠ ى ج ط جؾى ذ ىح ١ قم ال ى ذ ه ف ط ١١ ١ فم ١, فطح ح ؾى جالقطالي ؾىش ج مح س ذ ط ج ىح ح ج ج ح قط ج ي جال طمالي فر ج ؼ ١ س ج جوش ج ٠ ح ج ض ع ج ػد ذم ذ د جال ح ق ١ حض. 36

37 10. Zinab Abu Salem, 18 years old Date of the operation: 22/9/2004 Zinab was raised in the "Askar" refugee camp near Nablus city in the West Bank. She decided to donate her life to her homeland. Zinab blew up herself in a bus station in Jerusalem close to an Israeli military checkpoint, where she killed two Israeli soldiers, and injured 16 others. The scene of her separated head from her body, with her Hijab remaining on her head, will remain for ever in the Palestinians memory. At 3 am in the morning and after Zainab's attack, two trucks full of Israeli soldiers came to the house. They broke the house carrying a photograph of Zainab after the attack. They demolished her room and the first floor. 37

38 10 ٠ د جذ ح, 18 ػح ضح ٠ م ج ؼ ١ س : 2004/9/22 ض ػ ػص ٠ د ف ه ١ ػ ى ف حذ ف ج فس ج غ ذ ١ س, ػمىش ج ؼ ػ ج ض د ق ١ حض ح ٠ ج ضؼط ٠ ح ؾ ء ذ ١١ ح لى ج ٠ ح, فمح ص ذط ف ١ ػ ١ ط ح ف مطس ض لف رح حش ف ج مى ج ل ١ س ػ ى مطس ضفط ١ ؿ ١ جال جت ١ ح جو ج مط ؾ ى ١٠ ج جت ١١ ج حذس 16 جن ٠, وح ى ج طفؿ ١ ف ع ق ١ ع ج ف ؾ ى ٠ د ػ ج ح ١ رم ج ح ج ط ف ذكؿحذ ح جالذ ١ ١ رم ز ض ضكف ذم د و ف ط ١ ٠ ك ذح ك ٠ س ٠ غد ج ٠ ى ٠ ق ذ ١ جال ٠ ح. ذؼى ض ف ١ ٠ د ؿ, لح ص ؾ جفطح ذح ط ؾ ر ١ ص ٠ د ج حػس ج ػح ػس رحقح ق ١ ع لح ؿ ػس ج ؿ و جال جت ١١ ذحلطكح ج ي ج إجي ػ ٠ د قح ١ ز ٠ د مط ػس ج ج ذؼى ج إجي ػ غ فط ح لح ج ذ ى ج غ فس ذح ىح ق ١ ع ى ج ج طحذك جال ي ج ي ذح ىح. 38

39 11. Mirvat Masoud, 18 years old Date of the operation : 6/11/2006 Mirvat Masoud, a university student, decided to gift her own young life to her country. She succeeded with great courage to infiltrate into the heavily besieged Biet Hanoun, north of the Gaza Strip. She blew herself up near a group of Israeli soldiers occupying a building in Beit Hanoun. A number of casualties were reported. The attack came as a response to the Israeli murder carnage over the Northern part of Gaza Strip. This led to the death of more than 56 Palestinians, and wounding hundreds. 39

40 11 ١ فص ؼ و, 19 ػح ضح ٠ م ج ؼ ١ س : 2006/11/6 ١ فص ؼ و ٠ ح رس ؾح ؼ ١ س ل ش د ق ١ حض ح ؿكص ذحؾط ١ ح ذ جذس ور ١ ز ف جقى ج ر ١ ش ف ذ ١ ص قح حي لطحع غ ز. لح ص ذطفؿ ١ ف ح ذح م خ ؿ ػس ج ؿ و ج ٠ وح ج ٠ كط ي ذط ه طمس ح جو ج قى ظ ج ج ػىو جال حذحش. وح ج ج ؿ و فؼ ػ جالؾط ١ ح ج ط لح ص ذ ج م جش جال جت ١ ١ س ج ؼ ى ٠ س ف ج طمس ج ح ١ س طمس لطحع غ ز ق ١ ع ج ف ج جالؾط ١ ح ػ ج ط حو 56 ف ط ١ ج حذس ج ثحش. 41

41 12. Fatma Al-Najar, 70 years old Date of the operation: 23/11/2006 Fatma, a widow, great-grandmother, was called the "Mother of Female Martyrs". Her hands were shaking and she was trying to avoid the camera while a large, black M-16 rifle was hanging from her shoulders. Her head and neck were wrapped tightly in a white Hijab. On television she started to read slowly from a paper. She said " This is the final message in my life" A few hours after this brief video was released, the oldest Palestinian woman moved toward her fate. She arrived at the Jabaliya refugee camp, not far from her home in the northern Gaza strip, in the final days of a major Israeli military incursion. She walked towards a group of soldiers. They called her to stop a little way off. One soldier, thinking she looked suspicious, threw a stun grenade. She detonated the belt of explosives around her waist, tearing her body to pieces and injuring three soldiers. In the video, she said "I am the living martyr". To her family, she said, "I ask my sons to go to the mosque and keep up their prayers and my daughters to survive and not to cry, and to give out sweets." 41

42 12- فاط ح ان داس, 70 عاو ذاس خ انع ه ح : 2006/11/23 فح ٠ س ج ؿح جال س ج ؿىز ج ؼظ ١ س وح ٠ ط ك ػ ١ ح "ج جال ط حو ٠ حش ج ف ط ١ ١ حش" وح ص ٠ ىج ح ض ط ج ضطكح ج ظ ج ػى س ج ى ز ضك ال M 16 ج ٠ طى وطف ح, وح ص ضغط ج ح لرط ح ذكؿحخ جذ ١ ظ ش ػ ح س ج ط ف ٠ ذىجش ضم ج ذرطة ح س ؾ ط ح ؼر ح " ج ح س جالن ١ ز ف ق ١ حض ". ذؼى حػحش ل ١ س ض ؿ ١ ج ج ف ١ ى ٠ وح ص ج ؿىز ج ؼظ ١ س ضط ؾ ذط ٠ م ح ال ط حو, ق ١ ع ص ه ١ ؾرح ١ ح طمس ١ ص ذرؼ ١ ىز ػ ىح جلح ط ح ف حي لطحع غ ز, لح ص ذط ف ١ ج ؼ ١ س جال ط حو ٠ س ف جال ٠ ح جالن ١ ز الؾط ١ ح ج م جش جال جت ١ ١ س ه ١ ؾرح ١ ح حي لطحع غ ز. ض ؾ ص ؿ ػس ج ؿ و جال جت ١١ ٠ ر ج ح ج ط لف ذؼ ١ ىج ق ١ ع ج ضحخ جقى ج ؿ و ح ج م ل ر س ش ذح م خ ح ى ح لح ص ذطفؿ ١ ج ك ج ج ح ف ج طف ق ي ؾ ى ح ١ طك ي ؾ ى ح ج جؾ جء غ ١ ز طؿص ج ؼ ١ س ذح حذس غالظ ؾ و ج حذحش ٠ ف ١ فس. ذىجش ح ط ح ف ج ف ١ ى ٠ ج ؿ " ج ح ج ١ ىز ج ك ١ س" ؾ ص ح ط ح ؼحت ط ح " ج ٠ د جذ حت ج ج رس ػ الض ف ج ؿى ذ حض جال ط ج ذك ١ حض فال ض ف ج ج ى ع ل ج ذط ٠ غ ج ك ". 42

43 Second group : female martyrs 1. Dalal Al-Moghrabi, 29 years old The date of her death : 11/3/1978 Dalal was born in 1958 in one of the Palestinian camps in Lebanon "Sabra". Her family was one of the Palestinian families that emigrated from Palestine in She studied in one of UNRWA schools in Beirut, then she joined the resistance after getting some military training and learning how to use all types of guns and guerilla war. On March 11, 1978, Dalal along with other fighters managed to infiltrate into the Lebanese-Israeli border to the coastal plain near Tel Aviv using rubber dinghy boats. She and her comrades destroyed the boats the moment they reached the coast. It was a one-way trip. They hijacked an Israeli military bus and took its 30 passengers as hostages after driving the bus along the coastal highway to Herzliya settlement, where a ninehour battle took place between the kidnappers and Israeli forces, led by Ehud Barak. The group was killed in the fighting, so were the majority of the Israeli soldiers on the bus. As part of the 2008 Israel-Hezbollah prisoner swap, Mughrabi's body was included in the exchange deal to be returned to Lebanon. Dalal was buried in a "a numbered cemetery ", but the IDF apparently could not locate the body due to the sands that moved the coffin. When the family received the body, Dalal's sister said that the coffin contained only "sand and stones". 43

44 ج ؿ ػس ج ػح ١ س ج ١ ىجش 1. دالل ان غشت, 29 عاو ذاس خ انع ه ح : 1987/4/11 والي ج غ ذ ىش ػح 8591 ف ئقى ه ١ حش ذ ١ ش أل ز ٠ حفح ؿأش ئ ر ح ػمد ىرس ػح ض مص والي و ج ط ح جالذطىجت ١ س ف ى س ٠ ؼرى جإلػىجو ٠ س ف ى س ق ١ فح و طح ح ضحذؼس وح س غ ظ ج الؾث ١ ج ف ط ١١ ١ ف ذ ١ ش. ج طكمص والي ذح ك وس ج فىجت ١ س ػ محػى ج ى ج س فىن ص ػىز و جش ػ ى ٠ س ضى ذص ػ ؾ ١ غ أ جع جأل كس ق خ ج ؼ حذحش ػ فص ذؿ أض ح ق ح ح ج ػ ج ٠. ف 11 ٠ ح ػح 1978 لح ص والي غ ف لط ح ج محض ١ ذح ط ػر ج كى و ج ر ح ١ س جال جت ١ ١ س ػ ج ح ٠ ة ذح م خ ض جذ ١ د طهى ١ لح خ ذك طح ٠ لح ص والي ؼ ح ج محض ١ ذطى ١ ج مح خ ذؼى ج ي ج ج ح ٠ ة ق ١ ع نط ١ ق س ذح ضى ق س ي حخ و ػ وز. لح ص ج ف لس ذح ١ ط ز نطف قحف س ػ ى ٠ س نطف ح ٠ مح خ جي 03 ػ ى و حت ض ج ط ؾ ذح كحف س ػ ٠ ي ج ط ٠ ك ج حق قط ط ٠ س " ١ ٠ ح" ج ط ش جال طرحوحش ىز 5 حػحش ذ ١ ج محض ١ ج ف ط ١١ ١ ج ؿ و جإل جت ١١ ١ ذم ١ حوز ج ٠ و ذح جن. ج ف ش ج ؼ ١ س ػ ج ط حو ؾ ١ غ ج ؿح ى ٠ ج ف ط ١١ ١ ؼظ ج ؿ و جال جت ١١ ١ ج ٠ ض جؾى ج وجن ج رح. فمس طرحوي جال ػح 8331 ذ ١ ق خ هللا ج طحش جال جت ١ ١ س ض ض ١ ؾػ ح والي فمس ج طرحوي جؾ جػحوض ح ر ح. وح ؾػ ح والي لى ض وف ف مر ز جال لح ى ػ ح ٠ رى فح ج طحش جال جت ١ ١ س ض طط ١ غ ضكى ٠ ى ج لغ ج ض وف ج ؿػ ح ف ١ ذ رد ج ط ١ ح جش ج ١ س ج ط ػ ص ػ ضك ٠ ه ج ىف ق ١ ع لح ص م ١ مس والي ذح ػ ى ج طال ضحذ ش والي ٠ ى ٠ كط جال ػ ج ط جخ ج كؿح ز فم ١. 44

45 2. Hayat Balabsa The date of her death : 9/4/1984 Hayat, a joyful girl, was called the blossom of April and the flower of Dier Yassen. She was known as the "teacher of the school". When she returned to her village from Jerusalem, the people of her village used to tell her ' we miss you Miss Hayat, welcome". Hayat was born in a poor family, with sick mother and a blind sister. She studied in the Female Teachers Institution in Jerusalem, but unfortunately she couldn't continue her education. She worked in the local radio, and then in the school of Dier Yassen. She was also a political and human activist. One day her surname changed to " the martyr of Dier Yassen". She used to defend her people against the Israeli attacks and helped the wounded. She was one of the survivors of the Dier Yassen massacre. However, she heard a cry for help from a neighbor, so she returned to help but she fell martyr by an Israeli bullet. 45

46 2- ز اج تالتغح: ذاس خ االعرشهاد : 1948/4/9 وحياة البالبسة, تلك الفتاة الباسمة دوما.. والممتلئة حيوية ونشاطا, كانت زهرة نيسان, ووردة دير ياسين, وت عرف في القرية الوادعة, بلقب "معلمة المدرسة", وأهل القرية ينادونها كلما عادت من القدس: "يا ست حياة, افتقدنالك, يا ميت أهال وسهال.".. الى ان تغير لقبها من الوادعة الى "شهيدة دير ياسين". ولدت الشهيدة حياة السرة فلسطينية فقيرة مكونة من ام مريضة واخت كفيفة التحقت بدار المعلمات بالقدس اال انها لم تكمل تعليمها, عملت فترة في االذاعة المحلية ثم توجهت للعمل كمعلمة في مدرسة دير ياسين وعرف عنها نشاطها السياسي واالنساني. كانت دائما التواجد للمساعدة في صد الهجمات االسرائيلية ومساعدة الجرحى. كانت من احدى الناجيات من مجزرة دير ياسين اال ان استغاثة احد الجرحى جعلها تعود ادراجها لمساعدته واسعافه فسقطت شهيدة. 46

47 3. Shadia Abu Ghazala The date of her death : 28/12/1986 She was born in Nablus on 8 Jan one year after the Nakba and died in 1968 one year after the Naksa (the Six Day War).She got her early education at the Fatimieh School. She studied for a year at the Faculty of Psychology and Social Sciences at Ein Shams University in Cairo but left following the occupation of the West Bank in Her family failed in convincing her to continue her education. Instead she kept saying "what is the value of having a certification if I don't have a wall to hang my certification". She decided to move to An-Najah University in Nablus; then she joined the Local Popular Front of the Liberation of Palestine "PFLP"; organized and led women s military unit and was among the first Palestinian women to participate in military resistance after the 1967 occupation She died while preparing a bomb in her home in November To commemorate her anniversary, a school in the Jabalia refugee camp was named "Shadia Abu Ghazalah secondary school for girls. 47

48 3- شاد ح اتى غضانح ذاس خ االعرشهاد : 1986/12/28 ىش حو ٠ س ف ج ػح ٠ ح ٠ ػح 1949 أ ذؼى ج ىرس ذؼح ج ط ىش ػح 1968 أ ذؼى ج ى س ذؼح جقى ىش حو ٠ س أذ غ ج ف ى ٠ س حذ, ضه ؾص ج ى س ج فح ١ ٠ س ر حش, و ص ف ؾح ؼس ػ ١ ف ج مح ز س أ ػ جؾط حع ى ح ض وص ج ى ج س ذح مح ز ذؼى ج ض جقطالي ج فسج غ ذ ١ س ػح 1967 حاولت عائلتها إقناعها بالبقاء في مصر واكمال تعليمها اال انها رفضت وكانت تقول دائما " ما فائدة الشهادة الجامعية اذا لم يكن هناك جدار اعلقها عليه" فم ش ئو حي ضؼ ١ ح ف ؾح ؼس ج ؿح ج ١ ٠ س ف حذ. ج ص ظ س ج ؿر س ج ؼر ١ س طك ٠ ف ط ١ ق وس ج م ١١ ج ؼ خ. أ ركص حو ٠ ج ي ػ ز ل ١ حو ٠ س, غ لح ص ذط ظ ١ ل ١ حوز ج قىز ج حت ١ س مح س ج ؼ ى ٠ س ذؼى ى س 1976 ج ط ىش حو ٠ س ف ح جغ حء جػىجو ح م ر س ح فس ف ف ر ض ضه ١ ى يو ج ح ذط ١ س جقى ىج ؼ ى ؾرح ١ ح حي لطحع غ ز ػ ج ح " ى س حو ٠ س جذ غ ج س ج ػح ٠ س ر حش". 48

49 4. Fatma Abu Ghazallah Date of death : 26/6/1936 She is the first woman was killed while she was fighting side by side with men in the Wadi Azoun battle on 26 of June She combated the enemy by supplying the fighters with food and water, and joined the rebels in defending the village during the revolution against the British mandate; she was shot by the British war planes in Wadi Al-Shami area. A school with the name" Fatma Abu Ghazal school for Girls' was erected in Qalqilia in honor of her memory. 49

50 4- فاط ح اتى غضانح ذاس خ االعرشهاد 1936/6/26 ج ي ى ٠ س ض م ١ ضمح غ ج ؾحي ف ف ف ج ػ ج ف ؼ وس جو ػ ف. 1936/6/26 ؼ ش ج ١ ىز ذ جؾر ح ج ٠ ضؿح ل ٠ ط ح, فىح ص ضك ج طؼح ج حء ج ال ػ ج, ح وص ؼ ف ج ىفحع ػ ج م ٠ س جغ حء ج ػ ز ى جال طىجخ ج ر ٠ طح, لى مطص ذ ١ ج ٠ حت جش ج ؼى ف طمس ج جو ج ح. لى ١ ص جقى ىج ل م ١ ١ س ذح ح " ى س ج ١ ىز فح ٠ س غ جي جال ح ١ س ر حش ي ه ضه ١ ى و ج ح. 51

51 5. Rajaa Abu Amasha Date of death : 19/12/1955 She was born in the "Salma" village, near Jaffa in the west Bank in She lived as a refugee in the "Aoukba Jabber" refugee camp in Jericho". She lived under the power of the occupation after her family had emigrated in On 19/12/1955 a number of protests broke out in several parts of Palestine in order to defy Jordan's decision to join "the Baghadad Pact". Founded in 1955 by Turkey, Iraq, Great Britain, Pakistan and Iran, the Baghdad Pact, was a defensive organization for promoting shared political, military and economic goals. Similar to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization, the Baghdad Pact was aimed to prevent communist incursions and foster peace in the Middle East. Raja tried to hoist the Palestinian flag above the Jerusalem walls, in front of the British Consulate, but Jordanian security forces shot at her and killed her. She was buried in Jericho; Raja was the first one, who tried to hoist the Palestinian flag on Jerusalem walls. 51

52 5- سخاء اتى ع اشح ذاس خ االعرشهاد 1955/12/19 ىش ج ١ ىز ؾحء ق أذ ػ ح س ف ل ٠ س" س "ذح م خ ى ٠ س ٠ حفح ػح, 1939 حؾ ش ذؼى ج ىرس غ ػحت ط ح ى ص ف ه ١ ػمرس ؾر ف أ ٠ كح, ػح ص ق ١ حض ح ضكص ٠ ثس جالقطالي. ف 1955/12/19 ٠ لح ص ؿ ػس ج طظح ٠ ذط ظ ١ ١ ز ف ح ٠ ك طف لس ف ف ط ١ ى كح س ج كى س جال و ١ س ذحال ح ك ف ذغىجو. ق ف ذغىجو ظ س وفحػ ١ س طؼ ٠ جال ىجف ج ١ ح ١ س ج ؼ ى ٠ س جاللط حو ٠ س ج ط وس, ق ١ ع ض ئ حؤ ػح 1955 وح ٠ طى ئ ؾح د ج ىس ج طكىز ج ؼ جق ض و ١ ح ئ ٠ ج ذحو طح. ٠ ؼطر ج ج ك ف ػ غ ج ظ س ق ف حي جال ٠ ظ س ق ف ؾ خ ق ج ١ ح وح ج غ ج ت ١ ج ج ك ف ل ف ذ ؾ ج ى ج ١ ػ ف ج ق جال ١. وح ص ؾحء جقى ج طظح ٠ ق ١ ع قح ص فغ ج ؼ ج ف ط ١ ف ق ج ج ج مى ج ح ج م ١ س ج ر ٠ طح ١ س ى ض ج ٠ الق ج ح ػ ١ ح لر ل جش قفع جال جال و. ض وف ؾ ى ح ف ى ٠ س ق ١ فح ضؼطر ج ي جز ضكح ي فغ ج ؼ ج ف ط ١ ػ ج ج ج مى. 52

53 6. Sanna Kodeih, 32 Date of death : 21/3/2004 A mother of four kids, Sanna was born in the Absan village in Khan Younis in the South of the Gaza Strip in She was the wife of Alqassam leader Bassem Kodeih. Around 2:00 am on Sunday 21/3/2004, an Israeli military force attacked the Absan village in order to arrest Bassem Kodieh. Sana and her husband tried to resist the force with all means. Bassem asked his wife to leave the house, but she refused insisting to fight side by side with her husband. Bassem blew himself up in a group of soldiers, while his wife Sanna continued fighting the soldiers but a military plane targeted her with a rocket resulting in her death. 53

54 6- ع اء قذ ر ذاس خ االعرشهاد 2004/3/21 ىش ج ١ ىز حء لى ٠ ف ف ل ٠ س ػر ح ج ىر ١ ز نح ٠ ػح 1972, ؾس ج محتى ف وطحتد ج م ح ج ؿ ح ج ؼ ى ك وس ق ح : ذح لى ٠ ف, ج ال ذؼس ج ٠ فحي. ف ض ح ج حػس 2 رح ٠ جالقى ف ضح ٠ م 2004/3/21 لح ص ل ز ػ ى ٠ س ج جت ١ س ذحلطكح ل ٠ س ػر ح الػطمحي ج محتى ذح لى ٠ ف ػ ى ح ػ فص حء ؾ ح ذغح ٠ س ج ؿ ١ جال جت ١ ذىج ج ذح مح س ذى ح ج ض ج ل ز. لى ٠ د ج ١ ى ؾط ج ه ؼ ج ي جال ج ح ف ص ي ه, ج ش ػ ج رمحء ؼ ج مح س قط ١ ج حوز. لح ج ١ ى ذح ذطفؿ ١ ف ف ج ؿ و ج ح ٠ س, ج ط ش ؾط ف ج مح س ذؼى ج ط حو,غ لح ص ٠ حت جش ج ؼى ذح ط ىجف ح ذ ح ل,ق ١ ع ج ط ىش ػ ج ف. 54

55 7. Rawhia AlNajar, 47 Date of death : 13/1/2009 Rawhia is one of the martyrs of the Gaza war in 2008/09. She lived in the Khan Youis city, South of the Gaza Strip. Rawhia was killed when the Israeli military forces forced citizens to leave their homes and move to the "Khuzza UNRWA school". She was trying to extinguish the fire that broke out in her neighbor's house. Rawhia left the house waving a white flag, but unfortunately her flag didn't save her, as the Israeli forces shot her and prevented anyone from helping her. she bled to death mixing her blood with the white color of the flag. 55

56 7- سوز ح ان داس ذاس خ االعرشهاد :2009/1/13 وح ص ضؼ ١ ق ١ س ف ى ٠ س نح ١ ؾ خ لطحع غ ز, جقى ىجء ق خ ج ف لح ج ط وح ص ف 2009/2008 ػ ى ح لح ص ج طحش جال جت ١ ١ س ذ ق خ س ػ لطحع غ ز, وح ص ل ١ ٠ رص ل جش ج ؿ ١ جال جت ١ ج ج ١ ٠ ذ غحو ز ذ ١ ض ج ط ؾ ى س ن جػس ف جالغ حء وح ص ق ١ س ضكح ي جن حو ج ١ ج ج ط ج ى ؼص ف ذ ١ ص جقى ؾ ١ ج ح. غ غحو ش ج ي ضك ج ٠ س ذ ١ حء ى أل ف ض ؼف ح ج ٠ ط ح ج ر ١ حء ػ ى ح لح ج ؿ ١ جال جت ١ ذا ٠ الق ج ١ ج ذحضؿح ح ٠ ك ج ألقى ذحاللط جخ ح ف فص قط ج ش ١ هط ١ و ح ج م ذ ج ٠ ط ح ج ر ١ حء. 56

57 Third group : freed female prisoners 1. Ahlam Al-Tamimi Ahlam was born on 20/10/1980 in the Jordanian city of al-zarqa, to a Palestinian family with Palestinian roots. They were from al-nabi Saleh village, near Ramallah. Ahlam studied her elementary, junior and secondary education at one of the Zarqa schools, before she returned to Palestine and enrolled in the Department of Media and Journalism at Bir Zeit University. She worked as a presenter for a local TV. She engaged with resistance and joined AlQassam, to be the first female participating in military operations; her mission was to choose and Determine the target places for the operations. Ahlam was detained on 14/09/2001 for her role in helping Ezz Alden Almassry" who carried out an attack on the "Sbaro" restaurant in Jerusalem in 2001, killing around 15 Israelis and wounding over 100 others. She was sentenced to 16 life terms by the Israeli Military Court (equivalent to 1584 years) without parole or being released in any future prisoner swaps. Ahlam was subjected to severe torture leading to a fracture in her hands and a deterioration in her health. She suffered from stomach and joint disease due to bad treatment and unhealthy detention conditions such as lack of exposure to sunlight for periods stretching over weeks. All of this circumstances have been suspended by the Red Cross and of the doctors responsible for supervising the medical treatment of prisoner. She accepted a marriage proposal of Nizar al-tamimi, who is currently serving a life sentence in the Ashkelon prison, where he has already spent 16 years. Ahlam is considered the first Hamas supporter female prisoner in the Israeli prisons, she joined the Guinness world record to be the first women sentenced with huge number of years. She was released as part of the Palestinian Prisoner Swap deal for the Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit in October 2011, and was exiled to Jordan. 57

58 ان د ىعح انثانثح : اع شاخ يسشساخ 1. ازالو انر ىش جأل ١ ز ج ك ز أقال ج ط ١ ػح 1980 ف ى ٠ س ج لحء جأل و ١ س ؼحت س ف ط ١ ١ س ل ٠ س ج ر ح ف ذح م خ ج هللا. ض مص ضؼ ١ ح جالذطىجت جإلػىجو ج ػح ف ى ٠ س ج لحء, غ ػحوش ئ ف ط ١ طى ف ل ج كحفس جإلػال ف ؾح ؼس ذ ٠ ١ ص. ػ ص أغ حء و ج ط ح مى س ذ ج ؽ ف ل حز ض ف ١ ٠ س ك ١ س, لى ص ذ ح ؽ ٠ ذؼ ج " جال طمالي". ج ص ئ وطحتد ػ ج ى ٠ ج م ح ذ ه ضى أقال ج ط ١ ج ي ج جز ض ح ن ف ػ ١ حش استشهادية في كتائب القسام, وكانت مهمتها اختيار وتحديد اماكن تنفيذ العمميات االستشهادية. لح ص ل جش جالقطالي ذحػطمح ح ذؼى حػىض ح ال ط حو ػ ج ى ٠ ج ف ض ف ١ ؿ ج ط حو ور ١ ف طؼ " رح "ف ج مى ج كط س ػح 2001 ق ١ ع أوش ج ؼ ١ س ئ مط ١ ١ ح 15 ؾ ج ثحش. ذؼى جػطمح ح ضؼ ص طؼ ٠ د لح قى ص ػ ١ ح ج كى س ج ١ ١ س ج ؼ ى ٠ س ذح ؿ ج إذى 16 ز أ ح ٠ ؼحوي 1584 ػح ح, غ ض ١ س ذؼى جإلف جؼ ػ ح ف أ ٠ س ػ ١ س ضرحوي كط س أل. ض جقال ج خ ج طؼ ٠ د ج ط ح جو ج و ٠ ى ٠ ح ضى قح ط ح ج ك ١ س, ق ١ ع ج ح وح ص ضؼح جال ج ؼىز جال ج فح ذ رد ء ج ؼح س ج ظ ف ج غ ١ ك ١ س ج ط وح ص ض ف ١ ح ػى ضؼ ح أل ؼس ج أل حذ ١ غ ػىز. و ج ظ ف ض لف ح لر ؿ س ج ١ د جالق جأل ٠ رحء ج ف ػ ج كح س ج ك ١ س ؿ حء. مى ض ؾص ج ١ ف ط ١ وح ٠ مرغ ف ج ؿ جال جت ١ ١ س وح لى رم ح ف ج حي جالػطمحي جال ١ ج ج ط ١ وح لى قى ػ ١ ذح إذى ف ؿ ػ مال ج ج ف ١ ح ٠ مح خ جي 16 ػح. ذ ه أ ركص أقال ج ط ١ ج ي أ ١ ز ك وس ق ح ف ؿ جالقطالي, لى ون ص ػس ؾ ١ ١ أل لح ج م ١ ح ١ س ذأػ قى ٠ ف ػ ج أز ف ضح ٠ م ج ك وس ج ٠ س جأل ١ ز. ض جإلف جؼ ػ ح ف فمس ضرحوي جال ج ط ػ فص ذح " فمس ح ١١ " ذطح ٠ م 2011/10/18 ق ١ ع ض جذؼحو ح ج جال و. 58