2 Boating Rules and Regulations... 73

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1 Contents at a Glance Chapter 1 Boat Design and Construction Chapter 2 Boating Rules and Regulations Chapter 3 Navigation Rules (ColRegs) Chapter 4 Boat Operating and Seamanship Chapter 5 Piloting and Navigation Chapter 6 Ropes, Lines and Knots Chapter 7 Weather Chapter 8 Mechanical Chapter 9 Electrical Chapter 10 Communication Chapter 11 Boat Trailering Chapter 12 General Reference Tables Chapter 13 Conversion Tables Chapter 14 Boating Organizations and Bibliography Chapter 15 Boating Glossary

2 4 Table of Contents Quick Reference Table of Contents Preface Note to the Reader...11 Acknowledgments Why This Book? Boat Types, Design, and Construction 17 Introduction...17 Basic Terminology...18 Hull Types and Characteristics...21 Displacement and Planing Hulls...21 Hull Shapes...25 Three Basic Hull Forms...25 Other Hull Forms...26 Design Parameters...28 Displacement...28 Stability...29 Design Ratios (Coefficients of Form)...34 Ratios for Sailboats...39 Other Comparative Ratios...40 Relativity of Boat Sizes and Measurements...42 Boat Construction...42 Hull Materials...42 Boat Structural Considerations...53 Recreational Boats...55 Boat Types...55 Small Powerboats...55 Medium Size Powerboats...62 Sailboat Types Boating Rules and Regulations Ownership Regulations...73 Boat Registration...73 Hull Identification Number...76 Rules for Boat Operation...80 Operating...80 Operator Qualifications...85 Required and Suggested Equipment...87 Life Jackets and PFDs...92 Fire Extinguishers...95 Visual Distress Signals...97 Equipment Not Legally Required...98 Environmental Regulations Pollution Prevention Regulations: United States Pollution Prevention Regulations: Canada Customs and Immigration...103

3 Table of Contents 5 Entering and Leaving the United States Entering and Leaving Canada Navigation Rules Rules General Basis for Rules About This Navigation Rules Chapter Application and Definitions Conduct in Any Visibility Responsibility (Rule 2) Look-Out (Rule 5) Safe Speed (Rule 6) Risk of Collision (Rule 7) Action to Avoid Collision (Rule 8) Danger Signal (Rule 34) Narrow Channels (Rule 9) Signals for Bends and Visual Obstructions in Channels and Fairways (Rule 34-e) Traffic Separation Schemes (Rule 10) Conduct of Vessels in Sight of One Another Responsibilities Between Vessels (Rule 18) Action by Give-Way Vessel (Rule 16) Action by Stand-On Vessel (Rule 17) Head-On Situation (Rule 14) The Crossing Situation (Rule 15) Signals for Vessels in Sight of One Another (Rule 34)..124 Sailing Vessels (Rule 12) Overtaking (Rule 13) Overtaking Signals: International only (Rule 34) Overtaking Signals: U.S. inland and Canada substitution (Rule 34) Conduct In Restricted Visibility Conduct of Vessels in Restricted Visibility (Rule 19) Sound Signals in Restricted Visibility (Rule 35) Signals to Attract Attention (Rule 36) Distress Signals (Rule 37) Lights and Shapes Lights and Shapes Application (Rule 20) Lights and Shapes Definitions (Rule 21) Visibility of Lights (Rule 22) Lights on Power Driven Vessels Underway (Rule 23) Lights and Shapes on Sailing Vessels Underway and Vessels Under Oars (Rule 25) Towing and Pushing Lights and Shapes (Rule 24) Fishing Vessels Lights and Shapes (Rule 26) Vessels Not Under Command or Restricted in Their Ability to Maneuver (Rule 27)...144

4 6 Boater s Pocket Reference Pilot Vessels (Rule 29) Anchored Vessels and Vessels Aground (Rule 30) Seamanship Seamanship General General Discussion Close Quarters Boat Operation Slow Speed Maneuvering Leaving the Dock Docking Making Fast Sailing Basic Principles Anchors and Anchoring The Anchor The Anchoring system Sizing the Anchoring System Anchoring Procedure Other Anchoring Techniques Special Situations Grounding Towing Adverse Conditions Salvage Checklists Piloting and Navigation Introduction To Piloting and Navigation Publications For Navigation Charts Other Navigation Publications The Compass Electronic Navigation Equipment Introduction to Electronic Navigation GPS Radar Radar Reflectors Digital Charts Personal Computers Chartplotters Depth Sounders, Fishfinders and Scanning Sonar Autopilot Integrated and Networked Navigation Systems Aids to Navigation Introduction to Aids to Navigation IALA Regions USCG Remarks on Aids to Navigation System...301

5 Table of Contents 7 Position Plotting Introduction to Plotting Dead Reckoning Piloting and Position Determination Trip Planning Lines of Position Estimated Position The Fix Hazard and Collision Avoidance Set and Drift Tides and Tidal Currents Celestial and Other Means of Navigation Navigation Books, Checklists, and Forms Navigation Tables Distances Between Ports Ropes, Lines and Knots (Marlinespike Seamanship) Rope and Lines Rope Lines Knots Introduction Stopper and End Knots Knots used to join Two Lines (Bends) Knots for Tying to Objects (Hitches) Loop Knots Fishing Knots Reference Tables for Rope Weather Introduction Weather Systems General Atmospheric Circulation Atmospheric Pressure Warm and Cold Fronts Severe Weather Clouds High Level Clouds Mid-Level Clouds (Water Droplets) Low-Level Clouds Wind and Waves Weather Map Symbols Weather Tables and Charts Mechanical Speed and Horsepower Introduction...443

6 8 Boater s Pocket Reference Horsepower at Displacement Speeds Horsepower at Planing Speeds Engines Introduction Horsepower Definitions Gasoline Engines Diesel Engines Engine Cooling and Exhaust Systems Gasoline and Diesel Engine Comparison and Selection 470 Surveying Used Engines Engine Maintenance and Troubleshooting Propellers Introduction Propeller Terminology Propeller Selection and Sizing Sample Logs And Checklists Maintenance Logs Tools and Spares Electrical Introduction Electricity Basics Introduction Basic Electrical Circuits Electrical Power and Horsepower Electrical Diagram Symbols Electromagnetism and Basic Electrical Devices Electrical Cabling Introduction DC Electrical Systems DC Grounding and Cabling Batteries The Alternator AC Systems Introduction AC Cabling and Connections AC Sources Bonding and Corrosion Bonding Grounding Galvanic Corrosion Stray Current Corrosion Bonding Versus Nonbonding of Through-hulls Lightning Protection Communications Introduction...573

7 Table of Contents 9 Safety Types of Marine Communications Equipment Two-Way Broadcast Communications Introduction VHF Marine Radio SSB Marine Radio CB Radio FRS Radio Point-to-Point Communications Cell Phones Satellite Communications Tables The Radio Alphabet VHF CHANNELS International Code of Flag Signals International Morse Code The Semaphore Alphabet Boat Trailering Introduction Trailering Equipment The Boat Trailer The Tow Vehicle Trailer Operation Traveling with the Boat Trailer Boat Launch and Haul-Out Trailer Maintenance Rules and Regulations for Towing Trailers General Reference Tables Time Zones National Holidays Air And Water Versus Elevation Sound Decibel Ratings Blood Alcohol Percentages Boat Loan Interest Currency Conversion Table Numbered Days of the Year Measurement Conversion Tables Inch Fractions to Decimal Inches and Millimeters Weight and Volume of Liquids Conversion Tables Boating Organizations and Publications Boating Organizations Coast Guard The Power (and Sail) Squadrons...682

8 10 Boater s Pocket Reference Other Organizations Phone Numbers Boating Information and References Books of Interest Interesting Internet Sites Boat and Equipment Sales and Manufacturing Magazines and Periodicals Bibliography Glossary Index Quick Reference Table of Contents IALA Regions... Q1 Port Side Marks (North America Region B)...Q2 Starboard Side Marks (North America Region B)...Q3 Canada Daybeacons...Q4 Cardinal Marks...Q5 Isolated Danger and Safe Water Marks...Q6 Range Dayboards...Q7 Dayboards and Special Marks...Q8 Information and Regulatory Marks...Q9 Intracoastal Waterway Marks... Q10 Bridge Lighting... Q11 Western Rivers Port Side Marks... Q12 Western Rivers Starboard Side Marks... Q13 Visual Buoyage Guide by Day... Q14 Visual Buoyage Guide by Night... Q15 Fictitious Nautical Chart... Q16 Chart Symbols Used for Lights... Q17 Chart Symbols for Buoys... Q18 Chart Symbols for Buoys (Supplemental)... Q19 Commonly Used Chart Symbols...Q20 IALA Region B Port Side Marks...Q22 IALA Region B Starboard Side Marks...Q23 Vessel Crossing Zones...Q24 Navigation Lights...Q25 Crossing Situations and Sound Signals...Q26 International Signal Flags...Q28 National Flags...Q30 Special Flags and Organization Flags...Q32

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