a person is hurt? REMEMBER! You can also phone for an ambulance by calling 112. What should I do if... LEVEL 1 Session 1 THE CONSCIOUS CASUALTY

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1 a person is hurt? D Look around and check for danger. If the person is awake, use the phone to call 999. REMEMBER! You can also phone for an ambulance by calling. R Check for response. Shake the person gently and ask, Are you all right? LEVEL Session THE CONSCIOUS CASUALTY Skills card

2 a person won t wake up? 5 D Check for danger. R Check for response. S If the person does not respond, SHOUT for help. B Check for normal breathing. Place your cheek close to the person s mouth. Can you feel her breath? Can you hear her breathe? Can you see her chest rising? recapped skills new skills A Open the airway. To do this, tilt back the head, and then lift the chin. LEVEL Session THE UNCONSCIOUS CASUALTY Skills card a

3 Getting to know... the recovery position 5 Bring the other arm across her body. Hold the back of her hand against her cheek. Adjust the upper leg as though she is walking upstairs. Tilt her head back to open her airway. Call 999 or and ask for an ambulance. Make sure the person s legs are straight. Place the arm nearest to you as though it is waving. With your other hand, pull up the knee furthest from you. Make sure the foot is flat on the ground. Then roll the person towards you. LEVEL Session THE UNCONSCIOUS CASUALTY Skills card b

4 a person is bleeding? Check for danger. Remove any clothing that is covering the person s wound. Press down on the wound, using a clean piece of material if you have one. Try not to get blood on your hands. 5 Cover the person with a coat or blanket to keep her warm. Call 999 or for an ambulance. Raise the wounded part of the body so that it is higher than the heart. LEVEL Session SERIOUS BLEEDING Skills card

5 a person is choking? Encourage the person to cough. A choking person may have trouble breathing, or may clutch her throat. a If she cannot speak, cough or breathe, lean her forwards and support her chest with one hand. b With the other hand, give up to five sharp blows to her back between her shoulder blades. c Check to see if each back blow has cleared the blockage. You may not need to give all five blows. a Next, place your arms round the upper part of the person s tummy, just below her ribs. Make a fist with one hand and grab it with the other. Pull hard inwards and upwards. Do this up to five times. b Check to see if each abdominal thrust has cleared the blockage. You may not need to give all five thrusts. Keep repeating steps two and three until the obstruction is removed. LEVEL Session CHOKING Skills card

6 I think a person is having a heart attack? You need to be able to tell when a person is having a heart attack. Look out for these signs: A crushing pain in the chest that won t go away with rest, and which may spread to the arms Breathing problems Feeling sick, dizzy or weak Pale and sweaty skin Make the person comfortable. Sit him down and offer reassurance. Don t give him anything to eat or drink. Call 999 or and ask for an ambulance. LEVEL Session 5 SUSPECTED HEART ATTACK Skills card 5

7 a person isn t breathing normally? 5 6 D Check for danger. R Check for response. S SHOUT for help. A Open the airway. B Check for normal breathing. If the person isn t breathing normally, call 999 or. Start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) 7 Give 0 chest compressions. a Place the heel of one hand in the centre of the person s chest. c Keep your arms straight, and bring your shoulders up and over the person s chest. recapped skills new skills b Now place the heel of your other hand on top of the first and interlock your fingers. d Push the chest down firmly about 5cm with your hands, then release. Repeat this at a rate of about 00 compressions per minute. LEVEL Session 6 CARDIAC ARREST Skills card 6

8 How to give... rescue breaths 5 6 D Check for danger. R Check for response. S SHOUT for help. A Open the airway. B Check for normal breathing. If the person isn t breathing normally, call 999 or. C Start CPR. 7 Give 0 chest compressions. 8 Give two effective rescue breaths. a Open the airway again. Lift the person s chin, allowing his mouth to open, and pinch his nose. Take a normal breath. recapped skills new skills b Place your mouth over his mouth and breathe out for about one second. His chest should rise. c Take your mouth away and let his chest fall. d Then, give another rescue breath. Give two effective rescue breaths in all. LEVEL Session 7 CARDIAC ARREST Skills card 7a

9 How to carry out... CPR 5 6 D Check for danger. R Check for response. S SHOUT for help. A Open the airway. B Check for normal breathing. If the person isn t breathing normally, call 999 or. C Start CPR. 7 Give 0 chest compressions. 8 Give two effective rescue breaths. 9 Alternate 0 chest compressions with two rescue breaths until the emergency services arrive. If you can t give rescue breaths, just give chest compressions it s better than doing nothing at all. recapped skills new skills LEVEL Session 7 CARDIAC ARREST Skills card 7b

10 ELS ACTION PLAN ELS action plan Use the chart below to help you remember the complete sequence of actions for dealing with a cardiac arrest. Not breathing normally Call 999 or 0 chest compressions rescue breaths Continue CPR alternate 0 chest compressions with rescue breaths Check for danger Check for response Shout for help Open the airway Check for normal breathing Breathing normally Place in the recovery position Call 999 or REVISION Session 8 Skills card 8a

11 REVISION Session 8 CHAIN OF SURVIVAL Skills card 8b Chain of Survival Early recognition and an early call to the emergency services means that they will be on their way as soon as possible. Early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) buys time until the emergency services arrive. Early defibrillation may restart the heart. Early post-resuscitation care ensures the best possible chance of survival.