of MANGROL VALIA LIGNITE MINE (FOR PRODUCTION OF 7.4 MTPA)

Transcription

1 GUJARAT INDUSTRIES POWER COMPANY LTD. SLPP, SURAT RISK ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT PLAN of MANGROL VALIA LIGNITE MINE (FOR PRODUCTION OF 7.4 MTPA) SURAT & BHARUCH DISTRICTS, GUJARAT

2 1.0 RISK ASSESSMENT Human health and Environmental risk from developmental activities is mainly due to occurrence of some accident consisting of an event or sequence of events explosion, fire and toxic hazards. Risk analysis provides a numerical measure of the risk that a particular facility poses to the public. It begins with the identification of probable hazardous events at an operational area and categorization as per the predetermined criteria. The consequences of major events or accidents are calculated for different combinations of weather conditions to stimulate worst possible scenario. These predictions of consequences are combined to provide numerical measures of the risk for the entire facility. Risk assessment should be done on the basis of past accident analysis at similar projects, previous judgments and expertise in the field of risk analysis especially in accident analysis. (Table No.- 1)

3 Table No. 1 RISK ASSESSMENT STAGES METHOD SURVERILLANCE MONITORING AND TOXICITY ASSESSMENT HEALTH PROVISION SERVICE SAFETY PROVISION PREVENTION AND OBTAINING ADVICE FROM HEALTH SECTOR LOCATION Site specific health hazards, general health status of local communities, common causes of mortality, location and functioning of health service. Access to Health services Settlement citing Disease foci, vector biology PLANNING AND DESIGN Improve routine health service surveillance though retraining, health information systems. Toxicological and epidemiological risk valuation, hazard identification for pollutants, dose response assessment, exposure assessment, risk characterization. Health centre, trained staff, drug supply equipment maintenance, casualty/ emergency unit OHS planning environmental management Communicable disease control, vector control environmental health CONSTRUCTION OHS monitoring, environmental health: water supply, sanitation, drug supply, vector monitoring. STD clinic, distribution of contraceptives, health training casualty/ emergency unit, communicable disease control Safety measures, OHS training, traffic routing Communicable disease control, environmental health OPERATION Routine medical examinations, OHS monitoring, IMR and vector monitoring, casualty rates. Health education, immunization, supplementary nutrition, training of workers, casualty/ emergency visit, disease control OHS implementation, environmental management Communicable disease control, environmental health, human behavior modification PROJECT ENHANCEMENT Health information system, laboratory services Healthy workforce is more productive and vice-versa Safer working methods, training, injury compensation Intersectoral collaboration 3

4 1.1 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN The Disaster Management Plan (DMP) for the Mangrol-Valia Lignite Mine described in this chapter, covers the Hazard identification due to various activities, the risk involved due to the hazard and the necessary mitigative measures for the same. M/s GIPCL has already undertaken lignite mining operations in Vastan Lignite mine to cater to the fuel needs of their captive linked power plant at Nani Naroli and is quite experienced in conducting all the project operations safely and smoothly, without any major accident or disaster. They have also planned for a well defined strategic organization to deal with any emergency or disastrous situations, in case of occurrence of such situations. The following measures are planned for this expansion project to deal with any risky or disastrous situations. During construction phase, proper measures will be taken to ensure safety at heights. In some cases, fences/ railings will be provided at construction openings to prevent physical injuries and fail of construction people. In order to handle disaster/ emergency situations, an organizational chart entrusting responsibility to various project personnel will be prepared with their specific roles during emergency. The entire operations will be over viewed by Sr. staff like General Manager (Mines) and Director etc. The possible composition of the management team shall be: Mines Manager, Section In-charge, Site Controller, Incident Controller, Personnel/ Administrative Manager, Communication Officer, Fire and Security Officer, Transport Coordinator, Medical Coordinator, Media representatives, Communication Coordinator. 4

5 1.2 RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN General As far as this mining project is concerned, the risk involved is comparatively less mainly because the method of operation is opencast mining. A detailed study has been conducted in existing mines with similar operational structure in the presently operating North Vastan Lignite Mine. Identification and assessment of risk and recommendation of measures to prevent damages to life and against such risks has been made. The major risks involved in this mine are: Failure of slopes in the mine pit, in the external dump. Operation of mining & other equipments. Accidents due to fire, electrical hazards. Flooding of mine / Mine Inundation. Accidents due to other activities Failure of Slopes in Mine Pit and the External Dump The stability of the mine slopes will depend on the following factors: Design of slope Petro graphic composition of rock Jointing and bedding planes of the rock Extent to which strata is saturated with water The risks associated with the failure of slope, etc may be mitigated by adoption of preventive measures as listed below; Based on the experience gained in the nearby working Vastan Mine and as suggested by CMRI in their slope stability studies, the following bench parameters are considered for the Expansion project; Excavation: Working Benches Permanent Benches Main Bench Height 6m 6m Single Slope Angle Bern Width 10-20m 6-12m every third bench Access Road Gradient 1 in 16 1 in 16 Over Slope Angle

6 The external dump height for all the three dumps will be kept at 50m with 5 lifts of 10m each. The final repose angle of OB dump will be maintained at < 16 o to prevent sliding hazard. Dumping will be done in layers and dozed regularly. Geo-textile matting will also be provided on slopes of dumps, to prevent soil erosional outflows. Besides proper drainage facilities and water control systems will be provided in mine and dump areas, as described earlier in CHAPTER- IV Operation of main Mining and other Equipments Accidents in this case may be due to various reasons as follows: Improper operation of equipment Improper condition of the equipment. Inadequate knowledge, training and lack of safety regulation Unauthorized and mal operation Danger of being caught in the moving parts. The consequent effect due to these accidents may be Equipment damage, Production loss, Injury and loss of life. The following measures are suggested to mitigate the above impact: Formulation of safe operating procedure and implementing the same. Creating safe working condition, providing all safety measures, devices etc. Training the operator and others about the equipments, the safe operating procedures, vocational, safety training etc. Proper preventive maintenance check etc. Guarding of moving/rotating parts, preventing entry near moving parts, maintaining all guards in proper place Accidents due to Fire Fires in lignite mines many occur due to various causes such as; Spontaneous combustion of lignite. Electric short circuiting. Accidental or open fires Spontaneous Combustion of Lignite Lignite may absorb atmospheric oxygen and gets heated, if exposed for longer periods, greater than the incubation period. Fires due to spontaneous heating can occur in opencast lignite mine, if exposed for a long time. Similarly, fires can occur in lignite stock yard also. If lignite is exposed for a long time. 6

7 The main mitigative measures in this connection will include; Limiting lignite stack heights to 10m. Adopting proper stack geometry so that area of stack exposed to predominant wind direction is minimum. Frequent water spraying on long exposed lignite faces in mine and also in lignite stocks. Taking precautions to avoid any inflammable material in the proximity of lignite stocks. Frequent monitoring of temperature build up in lignite stocks. Regular and effective compaction of stock by dozer Fires due to Electric Short Circuits Electrical short circuiting may occur in any equipment/ industry using electricity. This occurs mainly due to improper wiring, over heating of cables, etc. These fires range from simple sparking to major fires involving the whole machinery Accidental /Open Fires Accidental or open fires are chemical reactions, where a fuel reacts with atmospheric oxygen. The fuel may be in the form of any combustible material like lignite, diesel, lubricating oil, cotton waste, etc. Presence of fuel and oxygen will lead to fire only when the reactants are heated to the ignition temperature. These three factors viz., fuel, oxygen and heat constitute the combustion triangle and all the three must be there to start a fire or for burning to continue. The main danger associated with fires in mine apart from human loss comes from the use of HEMM as well as large electrical equipment and appliance in the mines as well as damaged tyres, hydraulic hoses, power cables, etc. In certain cases, costly machines like dozers, loaders, dumpers, shovels, etc., may be totally damaged by the accidental fires Precautions to be taken in dealing with Fires As already discussed, to start a fire or for burning to continue, fuel, oxygen and heat are required. Preventive as well as fire fighting measures are based on the principle of removing one or more of the factors in the combustion triangle. The precautionary measures may include, Providing pipe ranges from high head pumps installed in the sump to enable supply of water at high pressure near fire prone areas. Phasing the production to dispatches thus keeping a minimum of lignite stock. Proper maintenance of electrical cables and other wiring and periodic inspection of the same. 7

8 Constant sprinkling of water over fire areas to quench fires if any and to cool down the hot zones. Preventing to the maximum extent, contamination of lignite with waste material Flooding of Mine/Mine Inundation Water inflow in open pits may be due to, Direct rainfall in the mine pit. Seepage from the strata, backfilled area. Flooding and overflowing of Moti, Tokri river Flow of water mainly during the monsoon in the small channels passing near the mine area. The major problem posed due to flooding are, Drowning of men and machinery. Collapsing of mine benches. Damages to roads and ramps. This ultimately affects productivity of the mine. The following preventive control measures will be carried out to avoid/ prevent flooding of mines. Providing adequate de-watering facility comprising pumps to pump direct rainfall and seepage water to keep the working areas and the haul roads dry as far as possible. Construction of flood protection embankment around periphery of mine, as well as along Moti and Tokri rivers. It is proposed to leave sufficient barrier along above rivers near the mine boundary. An embankment shall be laid in this barrier with minimum 6m. above the HFL. Maintaining a surface plan with contours showing particularly low lying areas, lakes, watercourses, bore holes, wells, etc. Construction of garland drain all around the active mine area to prevent any surface runoff water from entering the pit. Creating excess pumping capacity to take care of additional pumping necessities from the mine sump during Monsoon, as explained in CHAPTER-5 earlier Accidents due to other activities Besides, accidents may occur due to other activities like rolling of boulders, collapses at working faces, etc. The effects due to these hazards can be injury, damage to equipment, occupational health hazards, loss of loss, etc. 8

9 Precautions to prevent above accidents will be as below; Pits to be fenced near settlements to prevent fall of persons. Heights and width of benches to be kept as per statutes. Close supervision in respect of working faces, etc. by concerned staff in regular manner Emergency Planning Emergency preparedness planning for major hazards is significant and is now a part of planning process as required by MOEF. Although all process and operating parameters are integrated to safety, it is important to plan for emergency handling so as to face it in case it occurs. Emergency planning exercises for on-site and off-site scenarios required for preparing a Disaster Management Plan (DMP) are different; however, they should complement each other. This study has focused on the possible hazards confined within the premises and the corresponding action plan (On-site plan). The responsibilities and actions expected from the Government Departments during an emergency will be sought for site plans Infrastructure Following infrastructure and operational system shall be provided to meet any emergencies Emergency Control Room This will be situated in an area away from the places of fire and will be provided with the following facilities: Master plan of the mines. Layout of buildings Portable gas detectors. First aid boxes Gas masks. Telephone line with STD facility, wireless sets. Loud hailers. Emergency lighting system. Stretchers. Transport facility. Emergency control room will function as control base. Important local telephone numbers for Emergency purpose Assembly Points Assembly points are to be set up farthest from the location of likely hazardous events, where predesigned persons from the works, contractors and visitors would assemble in case of emergency. Up-to-date list of pre-designated employees of various departments (sift wise) must be available 9

10 at these point so that roll call could be taken. Pre-designated persons would take charge of these points and mark presence as the people come into it Communication System Different types of alarms to differentiate types of emergencies will be provided. Alarms will be followed by announcement over public Address System. In case of failure of alarm system, communication will be by telephone operator who will make announcement in the area through public Address System which would be installed. Walkie-talkie and paging systems, using predetermined codes of communication, are very useful during emergency. If everything fails, a messenger will be used for sending the information Warning System and Control The control centers will be located at an area of mining risk or vulnerability in the premised concerned, taking into account the wind direction, areas which may be affected by fire/ explosion etc. Fore promptness and efficiency of conduct of emergency operations vulnerable sites such as HSD storage areas explosive magazines, lignite stock pile areas etc. may be divided into number of zones, which should be clearly marked in the side plan Emergency Services This will include the fire-fighting system, first aid centre, hospital, etc. Alternate sources of power supply for operating fire pumps, fire brigade, communication system with local officials and local bodies, etc will also be clearly identified. Adequate number of external and internal telephone connections shall be installed. All emergency services, especially fire fighting system, shall be kept upgraded fully and shall be kept on ready-to-fight fitness Fire Protection System The fire protection system for all the proposed mine will consist of, Hydrant system for all the areas of the mine. Automatic High Velocity (HV) water spry system for the various stock pile areas. Deluge system for cable vault / galleries. Portable hand appliances of suitable types/ capacities for extinguishing small fires in selected areas of the mine/ storage areas Off-Site Emergency Plan The off-site emergency plan to tackle any emergency situations in areas near to project premises, will be finalized in consultation with block Panchayat officials, Mangrol Tahsildar and collector of Surat District. The offsite emergencies, action plans as per approved off site plan will be fully enforced to tackle the situation, in co-ordination with District Collector, other block officials, Tahsildar etc. 10