Basics of Flow measurement using Hot-film anemometer

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Basics of Flow measurement using Hot-film anemometer"

Transcription

1 Basics of Flow easureent using Hot-fil aneoeter Version 1.0 1/9

2 Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1. Definitions 1.1. Air Velocity 1.2. Aount (of Gas) 1.. Flow Mass flow rate Voluetric flow rate 1... Standard voluetric flow rate 2. Flow forulas. Flow easureents using E+E Hot-fil aneoeter Version 1.0 2/9

3 1. Definitions: 1.1. Air Velocity: Definition: Air Velocity describes the distance an air olecule is oving during a certain tie period Units: Nae of unit shift Converted to SI - Unit /s Meter per second /s 1 /s Kiloeter per hour k/h 0, /s Centieter per inute c/in 1, /s Centieter per second c/s /s Meter per inute /in 1, /s Millieter per inute /in 1, /s Millieter per second /s /s Foot per hour ft/h, fph 8, /s Foot per inute ft/in, fp 5, /s Foot per second ft/s, fps 0,048 /s Furlong per fortnight furlong/fortnight 1, /s Inch per second in/s, ips 2, /s Knot kn, knot 0, /s Kyne c/s /s Mile per year py 8, /s Mile (stat) per hour ph, i/h 0,44704 /s Mile (stat) per hour i/in 26,8224 /s Version 1.0 /9

4 1.2. Aount (of Gas): 2 The aount of Gas n is the nuber of oles of gas. 1ol olecules. For better understanding and its copact atheatical forulation, the properties of gases are described using an idealised odel called ideal gas. The aount of an ideal gas is defined using the ideal gas law: p V n R T J using the universal gas constant R ol K Volues V, pressure p und teperature T are state variables. They are defining the state of the gas aount n. For known coposition of the gas, its aount n can be substituted by its ass p V R i T using Ri als individual gas constant. It is dependent on the coposition of the gas: Gas Air O2 N2 H2 CO2 indiv. Gas constant Ri ,8 296, ,9 Finally the aount of gas can be detected in two different ways: 1. Weighing of the aount easuring the ass of the aount. With known weight of one gas olecule, the aount of gas can be calculated. Mass, easured in kg or g 2. Deterination of the state of the gas: easuring of the volue V. With known teperature T and pressure p, the aount can be caluculated using the ideal gas law. Volue, easured in, d or c The ratio between those two quantities is defining the density ρ. ass kg kg g density ρ,, volue V d c The density is a paraeter of the state of the ediu and is defined by the individual gas constant Ri, teperature and pressure of the ediu. Version 1.0 4/9

5 ρ p R T i The density ρ of the gas is linearly dependent on its pressure p und its teperature T. Deonstrative, that can be shown using a cylinder whose volue can be variated by a oving piston The syste is absolutely leak proof, aount and ass of the filled ediu is constant. To increase the pressure inside the cylinder the piston is pressed downwards (p2>p1), the gas is copressed, the density of the gas is increasing, the volue is decreasing. On the other hand, by heating the gas inside the cylinder (T>T1), the density of the gas is decreasing and the volue is increasing! Suary: The ass of a gas with known coposition is a direct easure for its aount. The volue is just defining the aount of a gas in cobination with its teperature and pressure, but is independent fro its coposition! To get a teperature- and pressure independent voluetric-quantity, the easured volue is recalculated to the volue which would be easured at standardized conditions. This standardized volue VStandard is a voluetric quantity independent fro coposition, pressure and teperature of the gas. Standard conditions acc. DIN 14: standard teperature 0 C 27,15 K standard pressure Pa 1,0125 bar Standard volue: p1 T1 ρ1 V1 p2>p1 T2T1 ρ2> ρ1 V2<V1 pp1 T>T1 ρ< ρ1 V>V1 absolut pressure[ bar] 27,15K V s tan dard 0125 ( 27,15 + teperature[ C] ) 1, bar Version 1.0 5/9

6 1.. Flow A v Flow defines the nuber of Gas-olecules streaing through the surface A during a certain tie- period. The quantities for flow are based on the different quantities for an aount of gas: ass, volue and standard volue Mass flow rate The Mass flow rate is defining the aount of a fluid with known coposition flowing through a surface A in a certain tie-periode. Mass tie [ kg, g] t[ h, s,in] Nae of unit shift Converted to SI - Unit kg/s Kilogra per second kg/s 1 kg/s Kilogra per inute kg/in 0, /60 kg/s Kilogra per hour kg/h 2,7778*10-4 1/600 kg/s Gra per second GRPS (g/s) 10- kg/s Gra per inute GRPM 1,666667*10-5 kg/s (g/in) Gra per hour GRPH (g/h) 2,7778*10-7 kg/s Pound per second LBPS 0, kg/s Pound per inute LBPM 7,55987*10- kg/s Pound per hour LBPH 1,26*10-4 kg/s Voluetric flow rate The voluetric flow rate is defining the volue of a fluid for the present state, represented by teperature and pressure, streaing through the surface A in a certain tie-periode. Version 1.0 6/9

7 volue V tie [, l] t[ h, s,in] Nae of unit shift Converted to SI - Unit /s Cubiceter per second /s 1 /s Cubiceter per inute /in 0, /60 /s Cubiceter per hour /h 2,7778*10-4 1/600 /s Cubicdezieter per second d /s 10- /s Cubiccentieter per second CCS (c /s) 10-6 /s Cubiccentieter per inute CCM 1,666667*10-8/s (c /in) Litre per second LPS (l/s) 10- /s Litre per inute LPM (l/in) 1,666667*10-5 /s Litre per hour LPH (l/h) 2,77778*10-7 /s Millilitre per second l/s 10-6 /s Millilitre per inute l/in 1, *10-8 /s Cubicfeet per second CFH (ft /s) 2,8168*10-2 /s Cubicfeet per inute CFM (ft /in) 4,71947*10-4 /s Gallons per inute (GB) GPM 7,57682*10-5 /s Gallons per inute (US) GPM 7,4147*10-5 /s 1... Standard voluetric flow rate Standard voluetric flow rate is independent fro state and coposition. V standard volue tie s tan dard V s tan dard [ N, Nc t[ h, s, in] ] Nae of unit shift Converted to SI - Unit N /s Nor-Kubiketer pro Sekunde N /s 1 N /s (Geran) Standard Cubiceter per second SCMS (S /s) 1 N /s Standard Cubiccentieter per second SCCS (Sc /s) 10-6 N /s Standard cubiccentieter per inute SCCM (Sc /s) 1,666667*10-8 N /s Standard Litre per second SLPS (Sl/s) 10 - N /s Standard Litre per inute SLPM (Sl/in) 1,666667*10-5 N /s Standard Litre per hour SLPH (Sl/h) 2,77778*10-7 N /s Standard Cubicfeet pro second SCFH (ft /s) 2,8168*10-2 N /s Standard Cubicfeet pro Minute SCFM (ft /in) 4,71947*10-4 N /s Version 1.0 7/9

8 2. Flow forulas Volue flow is the direct cobination of the surface A, the fluid is streaing through with its average velocity. Voluetric flow rate average velocity flow surface V [ / s] v[ / s] A[ 2 ] To calculate the standard volue flow it is necessary to easure actual pressure and teperature. Standard voluetric flow rate voluetric flow rate at standard conditions V standard [ N / s] V [ / s] p[ bar] 27,15K ( 27,15 + T[ C] ) 1,0125bar With known density of the fluid (Air) at standard conditions it is possible to calculate the ass flow. Mass flow rate standard voluetric flow Air density at 0 C and 1,0125 bar [ kg / s] V s [ N / s] 1,292[ kg / N tan dard ] Version 1.0 8/9

9 . Flow easureents using E+E Hotfil aneoeter: The easureent principle of a hot-fil aneoeter is to easure the nuber of olecules which are streaing over the heater sensor, and so conduct heat. With rising air pressure, the density of the gas is increasing and with the sae velocity ore olecules are streaing over the sensor. So, to easure the air velocity of the olecules at any pressure, this pressure influence has to be corrected. At E+E all Air Velocity Transitter are calibrated at Standard Pressure of 1,0125 bar. For diverging air pressures fro 1,0125 bar, that influence has to be corrected. Air velocity: v[ / s] v Transitter 1,0125bar [ / s] p[ bar] The teperature also has a sall influence on the heat transfer fro the sensor. E+E Transitters have ipleented internal teperature copensations to correct that influence. By easuring the average air velocity in a Tube and with known cross section surface A, the volue flow can be calculated. Voluetric flow rate: V [ / s] A[ 2 ] v Transitter 1,0125bar [ / s] p[ bar] In ost industrial applications the voluetric flow rate at standard conditions has to be easured. In that applications the E+E Hotfilsensor and its calibration at standard pressure shows its ain advantages. Because of the opposed pressure influence of sensor and conversion of voluetricflow to standard-voluetric flow, the E+E Hotfil-Sensors easure standard voluetric flow and ass flow independent to pressure. Standard voluetric flow rate: V standard Mass flow rate: 2 [ N / s] A[ ] vtransitte r[ / s] 27,15 K ( 27,15 + T[ C] ) [ kg / s] A[ 2 ] v Transitter [ / s] 27,15 K ( 27,15 + T[ C] ) 1,292[ kg / N ] Version 1.0 9/9

Unit Activity Answer Sheet

Unit Activity Answer Sheet Geoetry Unit Activity Answer Sheet Unit: Extending to Three Diensions This Unit Activity will help you eet these educational goals: Matheatical Practices You will use atheatics to odel real-world situations.

More information

The Handtmann Armaturenfabrik. Safety without compromise. Safety valves for liquids, gases, and steam

The Handtmann Armaturenfabrik. Safety without compromise. Safety valves for liquids, gases, and steam The Handtann Araturenfabrik Safety without coproise for liquids, gases, and stea f Safety Valves FoodSafe Tradition Meets Innovation fro Handtann are first choice for hygienically sensitive product areas

More information

C6Hi (g) 6 H2O + 6 C02(g) + energy

C6Hi (g) 6 H2O + 6 C02(g) + energy Experient Cell Respiration 110 Cell respiration refers to the process of converting the cheical energy of organic olecules into a for iediately usable by organiss. Glucose ay be oxidized copletely if sufficient

More information

S L G. Chapter 12: The Behavior of Gases. I. First Concepts a. The 3 states of matter most important to us: solids, liquids, and gases.

S L G. Chapter 12: The Behavior of Gases. I. First Concepts a. The 3 states of matter most important to us: solids, liquids, and gases. Chapter : he ehaior of Gases I. First Concepts a. he 3 states of atter ost iportant to us: solids, liquids, and gases. S L G b. Real Gases and Ideal Gases i. Real gases exist, ideal gases do not ii. Under

More information

Chapter 13 Fluids. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

Chapter 13 Fluids. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 13 Fluids Phases of Matter Density and Specific Gravity Pressure in Fluids Atmospheric Pressure and Gauge Pressure Pascal s Principle Units of Chapter 13 Measurement of Pressure; Gauges and the

More information

Numerical simulation on fluctuation in wellhead pressure of geothermal well

Numerical simulation on fluctuation in wellhead pressure of geothermal well Wellhead pressure (MPa) PROCEEDINGS, Thirty-Ninth Workshop on Geotheral Reservoir Engineering Stanford University, Stanford, California, February 4-6, 014 SGP-TR-0 Nuerical siulation on fluctuation in

More information

Performance Overview calibration Laboratory EP Instruments Messtechnik und Kalibrierung GmbH

Performance Overview calibration Laboratory EP Instruments Messtechnik und Kalibrierung GmbH Performance Overview calibration Laboratory EP Instruments Messtechnik und Kalibrierung GmbH 1 D-K-15143-01-00 Services around the measurement technology in Germanys most accurate DAkkS laboratory*. Whether

More information

The water outgassing rate of internal surfaces of vacuum systems

The water outgassing rate of internal surfaces of vacuum systems Journal of Physics: Conference Series PAPER OPEN ACCESS The water outgassing rate of internal surfaces of vacuu systes Recent citations - Soe probles of the vacuu technique developent L N Rozanov and A

More information

Integration of Lean Approaches to Manage a Manual Assembly System

Integration of Lean Approaches to Manage a Manual Assembly System Open Journal of Social Sciences, 204, 2, 226-23 Published Online Septeber 204 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/jss http://dx.doi.org/0.4236/jss.204.29038 Integration of Lean Approaches to Manage

More information

Race car damping 2. Fig-1 quarter car model.

Race car damping 2. Fig-1 quarter car model. Race car daping A nuber of issues ago I wrote an article on exploring approaches to specify a race car daper. This article is the second in that series and we shall be following on fro where we left off.

More information

Fish Habitat Design, Operation and Reclamation Worksheets for

Fish Habitat Design, Operation and Reclamation Worksheets for Fish Habitat Design, Operation and Reclaation Worksheets for Appendix A Project Location Worksheet Applicant Nae: Strea Nae: Watershed Nae: Fish Habitat Suitability Classification Water Quality Zone Operation

More information

Chapter 9 Fluids and Buoyant Force

Chapter 9 Fluids and Buoyant Force Chapter 9 Fluids and Buoyant Force In Physics, liquids and gases are collectively called fluids. 3/0/018 8:56 AM 1 Fluids and Buoyant Force Formula for Mass Density density mass volume m V water 1000 kg

More information

AN OPTIMIZATION MODEL AND ALGORITHM OF STUDENTS' PHYSICAL FITNESS TEST SEQUENCE

AN OPTIMIZATION MODEL AND ALGORITHM OF STUDENTS' PHYSICAL FITNESS TEST SEQUENCE 28 th February 203. Vol. 48 3 2005-203 JATIT & LLS. All rights reserved. ISSN: 992-8645 www.jatit.org E-ISSN: 87-395 AN OPTIMIZATION MODEL AND ALGORITHM OF STUDENTS' PHYSICAL FITNESS TEST SEQUENCE JINSONG

More information

1. The principle of fluid pressure that is used in hydraulic brakes or lifts is that:

1. The principle of fluid pressure that is used in hydraulic brakes or lifts is that: University Physics (Prof. David Flory) Chapt_15 Thursday, November 15, 2007 Page 1 Name: Date: 1. The principle of fluid pressure that is used in hydraulic brakes or lifts is that: A) pressure is the same

More information

3 1 PRESSURE. This is illustrated in Fig. 3 3.

3 1 PRESSURE. This is illustrated in Fig. 3 3. P = 3 psi 66 FLUID MECHANICS 150 pounds A feet = 50 in P = 6 psi P = s W 150 lbf n = = 50 in = 3 psi A feet FIGURE 3 1 The normal stress (or pressure ) on the feet of a chubby person is much greater than

More information

Name: Answer Key Date: Regents Physics. Waves

Name: Answer Key Date: Regents Physics. Waves Nae: Answer Key Date: Regents Physics Test # 13 Review Waves 1. Use GUESS ethod and indicate all vector directions. 2. Ters to know: echanical wave, transverse wave, longitudinal wave, surace wave, electroagnetic

More information

Petr 311 Wellbore pressures and Kick Control

Petr 311 Wellbore pressures and Kick Control etr 311 Wellbore pressures and Kic Control Reeber b. 05D Consider the wellbore static hydraulic syste The pressures in the drill string and the annulus can be represented as a U-tube. The su of the pressures

More information

Density and Specific Gravity

Density and Specific Gravity Fluids Phases of Matter Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space (volume). The three common phases of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. A solid has a definite shape and size. A liquid has a

More information

CHAPTER 31 IDEAL GAS LAWS

CHAPTER 31 IDEAL GAS LAWS CHAPTER 31 IDEAL GAS LAWS EXERCISE 144, Page 317 1. The pressure of a mass of gas is increased from 150 kpa to 750 kpa at constant temperature. Determine the final volume of the gas, if its initial volume

More information

Example A: A 400-N force is applied to a tabletop over a square area with side-length L = 20-cm.

Example A: A 400-N force is applied to a tabletop over a square area with side-length L = 20-cm. Physics 17 Part H Fluids and Pressure Uni-Directional Pressure The pressure that is applied over an area is the force applied, divided by the area. A 400-N force is applied to a tabletop over a square

More information

Properties of Fluids SPH4C

Properties of Fluids SPH4C Properties of Fluids SPH4C Fluids Liquids and gases are both fluids: a fluid is any substance that flows and takes the shape of its container. Fluids Liquids and gases are both fluids: a fluid is any substance

More information

Dewpoint Internal Gas Pressure and Chemical Composition of the Gas Within the Free Volume of DWPF Canistered Waste Forms (U)

Dewpoint Internal Gas Pressure and Chemical Composition of the Gas Within the Free Volume of DWPF Canistered Waste Forms (U) a WSRCMS960244 OOdF 940804(cg Dewpoint Internal Gas Pressure and Cheical Coposition of the Gas Within the Free Volue of DWPF Canistered Waste Fors (U) by J R Harbour Westinghouse Savannah River Copany

More information

Mass Flow Controller (MFC) for Gases

Mass Flow Controller (MFC) for Gases Mass Flow Controller (MFC) for Gases Type 8713 can be combined with... Direct flow measurement by MEMS- Technology for nominal flow rates from 1 ml N /min to 8 l N /min (N 2 ) High accuracy and repeatability

More information

Chapter 12. Properties of Gases

Chapter 12. Properties of Gases Properties of Gases Each state of matter has its own properties. Gases have unique properties because the distance between the particles of a gas is much greater than the distance between the particles

More information

Schedule A. Measurement Requirements for Oil and Gas Operations

Schedule A. Measurement Requirements for Oil and Gas Operations Schedule A Measureent Requireents for Oil and Gas Operations Directive PNG017 August 1, 2017 Version 2.1 Governing Legislation: Act: The Oil and Gas Conservation Act Regulation: The Oil and Gas Conservation

More information

Hydrostatic pressure Consider a tank of fluid which contains a very thin plate of (neutrally buoyant) material with area A. This situation is shown in Figure below. If the plate is in equilibrium (it does

More information

ACFM vs. SCFM vs. ICFM Series of Technical White Papers from Squire-Cogswell

ACFM vs. SCFM vs. ICFM Series of Technical White Papers from Squire-Cogswell ACFM vs. SCFM vs. ICFM Series of Technical White Papers from Squire-Cogswell Squire Cogswell / Aeros Instruments, Inc. 1111 Lakeside Drive Gurnee, IL 60031 Phone: (800) 448-0770 Fax: (847) 855-6304 info@squire-cogswell.com

More information

Exercise 1 Network Planning Design. Teresa Grilo Dep. of Engineering and Management Instituto Superior Técnico Lisbon, Portugal

Exercise 1 Network Planning Design. Teresa Grilo Dep. of Engineering and Management Instituto Superior Técnico Lisbon, Portugal Exercise 1 Network Planning Design Teresa Grilo Dep. of Engineering and Manageent Instituto Superior Técnico Lisbon, Portugal SCM/IST 1 SCM/IST IST Lisbon Ana Ana Carvalho 2015 2015 Introduction Find the

More information

Projectile Motion Lab (2019)

Projectile Motion Lab (2019) Nae: Date: Partner(s): Period: Projectile Motion Lab (2019) Object: Measure the velocity of a ball using two Photogates and coputer software for tiing. Apply concepts fro two-diensional kineatics to predict

More information

Buoyancy. Buoyancy & Archimedes Principle. Calculate the buoyant force on an object. Labs, Activities & Demonstrations:

Buoyancy. Buoyancy & Archimedes Principle. Calculate the buoyant force on an object. Labs, Activities & Demonstrations: A Iportant uoyancy Page: 151 Unit: Pressure & lui Mechanics Unit: Pressure & lui Mechanics NGSS Stanars: N/A uoyancy MA Curriculu raeworks (2006): N/A AP Physics 2 Learning Objectives: 1.E.1.1, 1.E.1.2,.4.C.1,.4.C.2

More information

OVERVIEW. Flow Coefficient C v. Operating Conditions. Specific Gravity

OVERVIEW. Flow Coefficient C v. Operating Conditions. Specific Gravity VERVIEW This valve sizing software program is based on the use of nomenclature and sizing equations from ISA Standard S75.01 and IEC Standard 534-2. The sizing equations are based on equations for predicting

More information

Technical Committee on LP-Gas at Utility Gas Plants

Technical Committee on LP-Gas at Utility Gas Plants Technical Committee on LP-Gas at Utility Gas Plants Addendum to the Agenda Sheraton Denver Downtown 1550 Court Place Denver, CO 80202 August 7-8, 2013 The following items relate to item 5.B of the Agenda:

More information

IMPROVED SPECTRAL WAVE MODELLING OF WHITE-CAPPING DISSIPATION IN SWELL SEA SYSTEMS

IMPROVED SPECTRAL WAVE MODELLING OF WHITE-CAPPING DISSIPATION IN SWELL SEA SYSTEMS Proceedings of OMAE 2004: 23rd International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 20-25 June 2004, Vancouver, Canada OMAE2004-51562 IMPROVED SPECTRAL WAVE MODELLING OF WHITE-CAPPING

More information

COURSE NUMBER: ME 321 Fluid Mechanics I Fluid statics. Course teacher Dr. M. Mahbubur Razzaque Professor Department of Mechanical Engineering BUET

COURSE NUMBER: ME 321 Fluid Mechanics I Fluid statics. Course teacher Dr. M. Mahbubur Razzaque Professor Department of Mechanical Engineering BUET COURSE NUMBER: ME 321 Fluid Mechanics I Fluid statics Course teacher Dr. M. Mahbubur Razzaque Professor Department of Mechanical Engineering BUET 1 Fluid statics Fluid statics is the study of fluids in

More information

The Application of Temperature and/or Pressure Correction Factors in Gas Measurement

The Application of Temperature and/or Pressure Correction Factors in Gas Measurement The Application of Temperature and/or Pressure Correction Factors in Gas Measurement COMBINED BOYLE S CHARLES GAS LAWS To convert measured volume at metered pressure and temperature to selling volume at

More information

Mass Flow Meter (MFM) for Gases

Mass Flow Meter (MFM) for Gases 873 Mass Flow Meter (MFM) for Gases Direct flow measurement by MEMS- Technology for nominal flow rates from 1 ml N /min to 8 l N /min (N 2 ) High accuracy Short response time Compact design and digital

More information

Mass Flow Controller (MFC) for Gases

Mass Flow Controller (MFC) for Gases Mass Flow Controller (MFC) for Gases Bypass MFC with capillary technology for nominal flow rates from 5 ml N /min to 15 l N /min Applicable for aggressive gases Compact design and digital communication

More information

THE INSIDE STORY OF THE F-SERIES:

THE INSIDE STORY OF THE F-SERIES: BRFSERIES15E THE INSIDE STORY OF THE FSERIES: Response Time < 1ms Analog Differential ressure Sensor for Real Time Measurement Analog Output = Measured Flow Many Connector Options I65 Housing ressure Compensated

More information

Pressure Measurement

Pressure Measurement Pressure Measurement Absolute and Gage Pressure P abs = P gage + P atm where P abs = Absolute pressure P abs = Gage pressure P abs = atmospheric pressure A perfect vacuum is the lowest possible pressure.

More information

The Hoffman Specialty Series 2000 consists of main

The Hoffman Specialty Series 2000 consists of main Pressure and/or Temperature Pilot Operated Steam Series 2000 The Hoffman Specialty Series 2000 consists of main valves, pilot valves, wells and hardware kits. They are designed to meet a wide range of

More information

Unit A-2: List of Subjects

Unit A-2: List of Subjects ES312 Energy Transfer Fundamentals Unit A: Fundamental Concepts ROAD MAP... A-1: Introduction to Thermodynamics A-2: Engineering Properties Unit A-2: List of Subjects Basic Properties and Temperature Pressure

More information

then the work done is, if the force and the displacement are in opposite directions, then the work done is.

then the work done is, if the force and the displacement are in opposite directions, then the work done is. 1. What is the formula for work? W= x 2. What are the 8 forms of energy? 3. Write the formula for the following: Kinetic Energy Potential Energy 4. If the force and the displacement are in the same direction,

More information

L 13 Fluid Statics [2] More on fluids. How can a steel boat float. A ship can float in a cup of water! Today s weather

L 13 Fluid Statics [2] More on fluids. How can a steel boat float. A ship can float in a cup of water! Today s weather L 13 Fluid Statics [2] More on fluids. How can a steel boat float. A ship can float in a cup of water! Today s weather The deeper you go the higher the pressure P Top A hypothetical volume of water inside

More information

Phys101 Lectures Fluids I. Key points: Pressure and Pascal s Principle Buoyancy and Archimedes Principle. Ref: 10-1,2,3,4,5,6,7.

Phys101 Lectures Fluids I. Key points: Pressure and Pascal s Principle Buoyancy and Archimedes Principle. Ref: 10-1,2,3,4,5,6,7. Phys101 Lectures 21-22 Fluids I Key points: Pressure and Pascal s Principle Buoyancy and Archimedes Principle Ref: 10-1,2,3,4,5,6,7. Page 1 10-1 Phases of Matter The three common phases of matter are solid,

More information

Third measurement MEASUREMENT OF PRESSURE

Third measurement MEASUREMENT OF PRESSURE 1. Pressure gauges using liquids Third measurement MEASUREMENT OF PRESSURE U tube manometers are the simplest instruments to measure pressure with. In Fig.22 there can be seen three kinds of U tube manometers

More information

Assumptions 1 At specified conditions, air behaves as an ideal gas. 2 The volume of the tire remains constant.

Assumptions 1 At specified conditions, air behaves as an ideal gas. 2 The volume of the tire remains constant. PTT 04/ Applied Fluid Mechanics Sem, Session015/016 ASSIGNMENT 1 CHAPTER AND CHAPTER 1. The air in an automobile tire with a volume of 0.0740 m is at 0 C and 140 kpa. Determine the amount of air that must

More information

Gas Physics Pressure and Flow Topics Covered:

Gas Physics Pressure and Flow Topics Covered: Gas Physics Pressure and Flow Topics Covered: Molecular Theory of Gases Definition of Pressure The Gas Laws Definition of Flow Definition of Pressure Drop Gas Physics Pressure and Flow Topics Covered:

More information

Turbine Flowmeters for Gas Applications (Metric)

Turbine Flowmeters for Gas Applications (Metric) Turbine Flowmeters for Gas pplications (Metric) Description Flow Technology s FT Series turbine flowmeters utilize a proven flow measurement technology to provide exceptionally reliable digital outputs.

More information

SCOPE OF ACCREDITATION TO ISO/IEC 17025:2005 & ANSI/NCSL Z

SCOPE OF ACCREDITATION TO ISO/IEC 17025:2005 & ANSI/NCSL Z SCOPE OF ACCREDITATION TO ISO/IEC 17025:2005 & ANSI/NCSL Z540-1-1994 FLUKE CALIBRATION, PHOENIX PRIMARY PRESSURE AND FLOW LABORATORY 4765 East Beautiful Lane Phoenix, AZ 85044 Mike DiGioia Phone: 602 773

More information

Chapter 13 Gases, Vapors, Liquids, and Solids

Chapter 13 Gases, Vapors, Liquids, and Solids Chapter 13 Gases, Vapors, Liquids, and Solids Property is meaning any measurable characteristic of a substance, such as pressure, volume, or temperature, or a characteristic that can be calculated or deduced,

More information

Liquids and Gases. 2/26/2012 Physics 214 Fall

Liquids and Gases. 2/26/2012 Physics 214 Fall Liquids and Gases The unit of volume is the meter cubed, m 3, which is a very large volume. Very often we use cm 3 = cc. Other everyday units are gallons, quarts, pints As we know liquids and gases act

More information

Pressure is defined as force per unit area. Any fluid can exert a force

Pressure is defined as force per unit area. Any fluid can exert a force Physics Notes Chapter 9 Fluid Mechanics Fluids Fluids are materials that flow, which include both liquids and gases. Liquids have a definite volume but gases do not. In our analysis of fluids it is necessary

More information

Pressure Measurement

Pressure Measurement Pressure Measurement Manometers Sensors, Transducers Ashish J. Modi Lecturer, Dept. of Mech.Engg., Shri S.V.M. inst. Of Technology, Bharuch Pressure Pressure is a force per unit area exerted by a fluid

More information

Unit 2 Kinetic Theory, Heat, and Thermodynamics: 2.A.1 Problems Temperature and Heat Sections of your book.

Unit 2 Kinetic Theory, Heat, and Thermodynamics: 2.A.1 Problems Temperature and Heat Sections of your book. Unit 2 Kinetic Theory, Heat, and Thermodynamics: 2.A.1 Problems Temperature and Heat Sections 10.1 10.2 of your book. Convert the following to Celsius and Kelvin temperatures: 1. 80.0 o F Early E. C.:

More information

Variable Area Flow Meters

Variable Area Flow Meters PDF Published May, 04 Variable Area Flow Meters Chemline F Series Variable Area Flow Meters are ideal for plastic piping. They provide a combination of accurate visual flow rate measurement and clear flow

More information

Hydrostatics Physics Lab XI

Hydrostatics Physics Lab XI Hydrostatics Physics Lab XI Objective Students will discover the basic principles of buoyancy in a fluid. Students will also quantitatively demonstrate the variance of pressure with immersion depth in

More information

Chapter 14 Fluids Mass Density Pressure Pressure in a Static Fluid Pascal's Principle Archimedes' Principle

Chapter 14 Fluids Mass Density Pressure Pressure in a Static Fluid Pascal's Principle Archimedes' Principle Chapter 14 Fluids Mass Density Pressure Pressure in a Static Fluid Pascal's Principle Archimedes' Principle Fluids in Motion The Equation of Continuity DEFINITION OF MASS DENSITY The mass density ρ is

More information

Chapter 10 Fluids. Which has a greater density? Ch 10: Problem 5. Ch 10: Problem Phases of Matter Density and Specific Gravity

Chapter 10 Fluids. Which has a greater density? Ch 10: Problem 5. Ch 10: Problem Phases of Matter Density and Specific Gravity Chapter 10 Fluids 10-1 Phases of Matter The three common phases of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. A solid has a definite shape and size. A liquid has a fixed volume but can be any shape. A gas can

More information

Irrigation &Hydraulics Department lb / ft to kg/lit.

Irrigation &Hydraulics Department lb / ft to kg/lit. CAIRO UNIVERSITY FLUID MECHANICS Faculty of Engineering nd Year CIVIL ENG. Irrigation &Hydraulics Department 010-011 1. FLUID PROPERTIES 1. Identify the dimensions and units for the following engineering

More information

PENBERTHY SERIES LM, ELL, FL, GL, GH, U, L AND 2NC FOR PUMPING GASES

PENBERTHY SERIES LM, ELL, FL, GL, GH, U, L AND 2NC FOR PUMPING GASES Practical, simple and cost-effective alternatives for process industries to purge gases from chambers, exhaust, evacuate or prime using liquid, steam or air operating media FEATURES Simple design with

More information

Integral type Differential pressure flowmeter VNT Series

Integral type Differential pressure flowmeter VNT Series Integral type Differential pressure flowmeter VNT Series OUTLINE VH series Wafer-Cone differential pressure flowmeter and high precision differential pressure transmitter are integrated into one flowmeter.

More information

Operating Instructions

Operating Instructions Table of Contents Table of Contents... 2 Conventions Used in this Manual... 4 1. Introduction...5 1.1. Notes on this anual... 6 1.2. Modes Covered by this Manual... 6 2. Basic Operation...7 2.1. Turning

More information

KNOWN: Mass, pressure, temperature, and specific volume of water vapor.

KNOWN: Mass, pressure, temperature, and specific volume of water vapor. .0 The specific volume of 5 kg of water vapor at.5 MPa, 440 o C is 0.60 m /kg. Determine (a) the volume, in m, occupied by the water vapor, (b) the amount of water vapor present, in gram moles, and (c)

More information

3. A fluid is forced through a pipe of changing cross section as shown. In which section would the pressure of the fluid be a minimum?

3. A fluid is forced through a pipe of changing cross section as shown. In which section would the pressure of the fluid be a minimum? AP Physics Multiple Choice Practice Fluid Mechanics 1. A cork has weight mg and density 5% of water s density. A string is tied around the cork and attached to the bottom of a water-filled container. The

More information

Measurement of gas evolution from PUNB bonded sand as a function of temperature

Measurement of gas evolution from PUNB bonded sand as a function of temperature University of Iowa Iowa Research Online Theses and Dissertations Suer 211 Measureent of gas evolution fro PUNB bonded sand as a function of teperature Gregory Jaes Sauels University of Iowa Copyright 211

More information

mass of container full of air = g mass of container with extra air = g volume of air released = cm 3

mass of container full of air = g mass of container with extra air = g volume of air released = cm 3 1992 Q32 The air pressure inside the passenger cabin of an airliner is 9 x 10 4 Pa when the airliner is at its cruising height. The pressure of the outside atmosphere at this height is 4 x 10 4 Pa. Calculate

More information

Gas Flow Calibration Basics

Gas Flow Calibration Basics Basics - May, 2012 Gas Flow Calibration Basics Gas Flow Calibration Basics - May, 2012 Prepared By: Edward Morrell VP of Engineering - Bios Gas & Flow & Calibration Flow is the Quantity of material transported

More information

Variable Area Flow Meters

Variable Area Flow Meters Variable Area Flow Meters Over sixty years of variable area meter expertise Brooks started designing and manufacturing variable area (VA) meters, also referred to as rotameters, in 1946. Now, with more

More information

PRESSURE. 7. Fluids 2

PRESSURE. 7. Fluids 2 DENSITY Fluids can flow, change shape, split into smaller portions and combine into a larger system One of the best ways to quantify a fluid is in terms of its density The density, ρ, of a material (or

More information

AIR FLOW CALIBRATORS Single Sensor Designs

AIR FLOW CALIBRATORS Single Sensor Designs F&J SPECIALTY PRODUCTS, INC. The Nucleus of Quality Air Monitoring Programs AIR FLOW CALIBRATORS Single Sensor Designs 100 240 VAC World Calibrator PC Version World Calibrator VFD Version Compact Digital

More information

4/S8 CONSTANT VOLUME DAMPERS RKP-C, RKP-C-N, RKP-P, KVR-R. v 2.6 (en)

4/S8 CONSTANT VOLUME DAMPERS RKP-C, RKP-C-N, RKP-P, KVR-R. v 2.6 (en) 4/S8 v 2.6 (en) RKP-C, RKP-C-N, RKP-P, KVR-R 294 www.kliaoprea.hr www.kliaoprea.hr 295 INSTAATION RKP-C RKP-C -2... C 5...% rh ±5% set value Working teperature : Relative huidity: Constant flow: 1 x ØD

More information

FC-CIV HIDRCANA: Channel Hydraulics Flow Mechanics Review Fluid Statics

FC-CIV HIDRCANA: Channel Hydraulics Flow Mechanics Review Fluid Statics FC-CIV HIDRCANA: Channel Hydraulics Flow Mechanics Review Fluid Statics Civil Engineering Program, San Ignacio de Loyola University Objective Calculate the forces exerted by a fluid at rest on plane or

More information

Wave Force on Coastal Dike due to Tsunami

Wave Force on Coastal Dike due to Tsunami Wave Force on Coastal Dike due to Tsunai by Fuinori Kato 1, Shigeki Inagaki 2 and Masaya Fukuhaa 3 ABSTRACT This paper presents results of large-scale experients on wave force due to tsunai. A odel of

More information

Comments on Homework. Quiz. Class 3 - Pressure. Atmospheric Pressure. 2. Gauge vs. Absolute Pressure. 1. Definitions. Temperature conversion

Comments on Homework. Quiz. Class 3 - Pressure. Atmospheric Pressure. 2. Gauge vs. Absolute Pressure. 1. Definitions. Temperature conversion Comments on Homework Quiz Temperature conversion T ( R) = T (K) 1.8 T ( C) = T(K) - 273.15 T ( F) = T( R) - 460 However, difference in temperature is: T ( C) = T (K) T ( F) = T ( R) T ( R) = 1.8 T ( C)

More information

Kinetic Study of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Lactose in Whey

Kinetic Study of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Lactose in Whey International Journal of Cheical Engineering Research. ISSN 0975-6442 Volue 9, Nuber 2 (2017), pp. 223-228 Research India Publications http://www.ripublication.co Kinetic Study of Enzyatic Hydrolysis of

More information

Lecturer at Hydraulic Engineering, Vietnam Maritime university Address, Haiphong, Vietnam 2

Lecturer at Hydraulic Engineering, Vietnam Maritime university Address, Haiphong, Vietnam 2 OVERTOPPING FOR RUBBLE MOUND BREAKWATER ARMOURED WITH THE NEW BLOCK RAKUNAIV Le Thi Huong Giang 1, Thieu Quang Tuan 2, Pha Van Trung 3 1,3 Lecturer at Hydraulic Engineering, Vietna Maritie university Address,

More information

A parametric study of an offshore concrete pile under combined loading conditions using finite element method

A parametric study of an offshore concrete pile under combined loading conditions using finite element method 32 A paraetric stud of an offshore concrete pile under cobined loading conditions using finite eleent ethod J.A. Eicher, H. Guan 1 and D. S. Jeng School of Engineering, Griffith Universit Gold Coast Capus,

More information

Chapter 14 Practice Problems

Chapter 14 Practice Problems Chapter 14 Practice Problems In problems that require the atomic masses (atomic weights) of atomic hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon, we will use the rounded values, 1, 16, 14, and 12, respectively.

More information

Report on inclining test and light ship survey

Report on inclining test and light ship survey Report 79 Report on inclining test and light ship survey Nae of ship (Yard no. and yard): Signal letters: Carried out, place and date: Suary of results: Light ship weight: tonnes Vertical centre of gravity,

More information

SG TF. Q = 963 Cv (P1 - P2)(P1 + P2) TECHNICAL INFORMATION. Flow Q (GPM)

SG TF. Q = 963 Cv (P1 - P2)(P1 + P2) TECHNICAL INFORMATION. Flow Q (GPM) TECHNICAL INFORMATION BuTech designs all pressure-containing equipment to meet or exceed the applicable requirements of Section VIII, Division1 or Division 2 of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code

More information

R10 II B. Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, September THERMODYNAMICS (Com. to ME, AE, AME, MM)

R10 II B. Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, September THERMODYNAMICS (Com. to ME, AE, AME, MM) jn SET - 1 II B Tech I Seester Suppleentary Exainations, Septeber - 2014 THERMODYNAMICS (Co to ME, AE, AME, MM) Tie: 3 hours Max Marks: 75 Anser any FIVE Questions All Questions carry Equal Marks ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

More information

PRE-TEST Module 2 The Principles of Flight Units /60 points

PRE-TEST Module 2 The Principles of Flight Units /60 points PRE-TEST Module 2 The Principles of Flight Units 1-2-3.../60 points 1 Answer the following questions. (20 p.) moving the plane (4) upward / forward. Opposed to that is 1. What are the names of the four

More information

Variation of Pressure with Depth in a Fluid *

Variation of Pressure with Depth in a Fluid * OpenStax-CNX module: m42192 1 Variation of Pressure with Depth in a Fluid * OpenStax This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 Abstract Dene

More information

LAB 13: FLUIDS OBJECTIVES

LAB 13: FLUIDS OBJECTIVES 205 Name Date Partners LAB 13: FLUIDS Fluids are an important part of our body OBJECTIVES OVERVIEW Fluid Properties To learn how some fundamental physical principles apply to fluids. To understand the

More information

PHY131H1S - Class 23. Today: Fluids Pressure Pascal s Law Gauge Pressure Buoyancy, Archimedes Principle. A little pre-class reading quiz

PHY131H1S - Class 23. Today: Fluids Pressure Pascal s Law Gauge Pressure Buoyancy, Archimedes Principle. A little pre-class reading quiz PHY131H1S - Class 23 Today: Fluids Pressure Pascal s Law Gauge Pressure Buoyancy, Archimedes Principle Archimedes (287-212 BC) was asked to check the amount of silver alloy in the king s crown. The answer

More information

Quiz name: Chapter 13 Test Review - Fluids

Quiz name: Chapter 13 Test Review - Fluids Name: Quiz name: Chapter 13 Test Review - Fluids Date: 1. All fluids are A gases B liquids C gasses or liquids D non-metallic E transparent 2. 1 Pa is A 1 N/m B 1 m/n C 1 kg/(m s) D 1 kg/(m s 2 ) E 1 N/m

More information

Kinetic-Molecular Theory

Kinetic-Molecular Theory GASES Chapter Eleven Kinetic-Molecular Theory! Recall that our only previous description of gases stated that gases completely fill and take the shape of their containers.! The Kinetic-Molecular Theory

More information

Lecture 19 Fluids: density, pressure, Pascal s principle and Buoyancy.

Lecture 19 Fluids: density, pressure, Pascal s principle and Buoyancy. Lecture 19 Water tower Fluids: density, pressure, Pascal s principle and Buoyancy. Hydraulic press Pascal s vases Barometer What is a fluid? Fluids are substances that flow. substances that take the shape

More information

Old-Exam.Questions-Ch-14 T072 T071

Old-Exam.Questions-Ch-14 T072 T071 Old-Exam.Questions-Ch-14 T072 Q23. Water is pumped out of a swimming pool at a speed of 5.0 m/s through a uniform hose of radius 1.0 cm. Find the mass of water pumped out of the pool in one minute. (Density

More information

Advanced Sulfur Control Concepts in Hot-Gas Desulfurization Technology

Advanced Sulfur Control Concepts in Hot-Gas Desulfurization Technology t DE-AC2Z -94MC32-- Advanced Sulfur Control Concepts in Hot-Gas Desulfurization Technology Quarterly Report January - March 3,998 By: Douglas P Harrison Work Perfored Under Contract No: DE-AC2-94MC32 For

More information

1. All fluids are: A. gases B. liquids C. gases or liquids D. non-metallic E. transparent ans: C

1. All fluids are: A. gases B. liquids C. gases or liquids D. non-metallic E. transparent ans: C Chapter 14: FLUIDS 1 All fluids are: A gases B liquids C gases or liquids D non-metallic E transparent 2 Gases may be distinguished from other forms of matter by their: A lack of color B small atomic weights

More information

Liquid level switch BM 34

Liquid level switch BM 34 KROHNE 09/2001 7.02370.21.00 GR/PRINTO Liquid level switch Status: 10/99 Variable area flowmeters Vortex flowmeters Flow controllers Electromagnetic flowmeters Ultrasonic flowmeters Mass flowmeters Level

More information

Page 1

Page 1 Contents: 1. Thrust and Pressure 2. Pressure in Fluids 3. Buoyancy 4. Why objects sink or Float when placed on surface of water? 5. Archimedes Principle 6. Relative Density Learning Objectives: The students

More information

Middle East Technical University Department of Mechanical Engineering ME 305 Fluid Mechanics I Fall 2018 Section 4 (Dr.

Middle East Technical University Department of Mechanical Engineering ME 305 Fluid Mechanics I Fall 2018 Section 4 (Dr. Middle East Technical University Department of Mechanical Engineering ME 305 Fluid Mechanics I Fall 2018 Section 4 (Dr. Sert) Study Set 2 Reading Assignments You can find the answers of some of the following

More information

FDE 211 Material & Energy Balances. Instructor: Dr. Ilgin Paker Yikici Fall 2015

FDE 211 Material & Energy Balances. Instructor: Dr. Ilgin Paker Yikici Fall 2015 FDE 211 Material & Energy Balances Instructor: Dr. Ilgin Paker Yikici Fall 2015 Material& Energy Balances first step in understanding a process leads to a better understanding of a process forces the engineer

More information

AP B Fluids Practice Problems. Multiple Choice. Slide 2 / 43. Slide 1 / 43. Slide 4 / 43. Slide 3 / 43. Slide 6 / 43. Slide 5 / 43

AP B Fluids Practice Problems. Multiple Choice. Slide 2 / 43. Slide 1 / 43. Slide 4 / 43. Slide 3 / 43. Slide 6 / 43. Slide 5 / 43 Slide 1 / 43 Slide 2 / 43 P Fluids Practice Problems Multiple hoice Slide 3 / 43 1 Two substances mercury with a density 13600 kg/m 3 and alcohol with a density 0.8 kg/m 3 are selected for an experiment.

More information

L-14 Fluids [3] Fluids in Motion Fluid Dynamics Hydrodynamics Aerodynamics

L-14 Fluids [3] Fluids in Motion Fluid Dynamics Hydrodynamics Aerodynamics L-14 Fluids [3] Fluids in Motion Fluid Dynamics Hydrodynamics Aerodynamics Archimedes Principle F B W A buoyant force F B equal to the weight of displaced water is exerted on a submerged object. Will it

More information

PHYS 101 Previous Exam Problems

PHYS 101 Previous Exam Problems PHYS 101 Previous Exam Problems CHAPTER 14 Fluids Fluids at rest pressure vs. depth Pascal s principle Archimedes s principle Buoynat forces Fluids in motion: Continuity & Bernoulli equations 1. How deep

More information

Chapter 14-Gases. Dr. Walker

Chapter 14-Gases. Dr. Walker Chapter 14-Gases Dr. Walker State of Matter Gases are one of the four states of matter along with solids, liquids, and plasma Conversion to Gases From liquids Evaporation Example: Boiling water From solids

More information

Porter Analytical & Industrial Products

Porter Analytical & Industrial Products Porter Analytical & Industrial Products Porter Analytical & Industrial Products Engineered to Excel in Critical Applications The Porter Instrument Division of Parker Hannifin Corporation is a leading manufacturer

More information