Lab 5- Cellular Respiration
|
|
- Alan Boyd
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Lab 5- Cellular Respiration Background: Many cellular processes require energy. Aerobic cellular respiration supplies energy by the oxidation of glucose. This is a complex process involving a number of enzymemediated reactions; however we can summarize the process in terms of input and output products with a very simple equation: C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + energy You will use a respirometer to measure the rate of respiration of germinating and nongerminating pea seeds at two different temperatures. The respirometer consists of a vial that contains the peas and a volume of air. The mouth of the vial is sealed with a rubber 1-hole stopper that has a pipette inserted in it. The respirometer is submerged in water. If the peas are respiring, they will use oxygen and release carbon dioxide. Since 1 mole of carbon dioxide is released for each mole of oxygen consumed, there is no change in the volume of gas in the respirometer. (Avogadro s Law: At constant temperature and pressure, 1 mole of any gas has the same volume as 1 mole of any other gas.) You will alter this equilibrium by placing a solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH) in the vial. Potassium hydroxide reacts with carbon dioxide to form potassium carbonate, which is a solid. CO 2 + KOH K 2 CO 3 + H 2 O Since the carbon dioxide produced is removed by reaction with potassium hydroxide, as oxygen is used by cellular respiration, the volume of gas in the respirometer will decrease. As the volume of gas decreases, water will move into the pipet. You will use this decrease of volume, as read from the scale printed on the pipet, as a measure of the rate of cellular respiration. PV = nrt is the formula for the inert gas law where P = pressure of the gas, V = volume of the gas, n = number of molecules of gas, R = gas constant, and T = temperature of the gas in degrees K. This law implies several important things about gases. If temperature and pressure are kept constant then the volume of the gas is directly proportional to the number of molecules of the gas. If the temperature and volume remain constant, then the pressure of the gas changes in direct proportion to the number of molecules of gas. If the number of gas molecules and the temperature remain constant, then the pressure is inversely proportional to the volume. If the temperature changes and the number of gas molecules is kept constant, then either pressure or volume or both will change in direct proportion to the temperature. Purposes: - Measure the consumption of oxygen by respiring seeds (germinating vs. non germinating seeds on respiration rate) - Compare respiration rates at two different temperatures (room temperature vs. cold water on respiration rate) Hypothesis 1 (germination): Hypothesis 2 (temperature): IV: DV: Control: Experimental groups (list): # Total Trials (at both temps): Constants:
2 Materials: - Room Temp. Water bath - Cold Temp. Water bath - Container of ice - Germinating peas - Non-germinating peas - Glass beads - Respirometers - Graduated tube - Absorbent cotton balls - Nonabsorbent cotton - Dropping pipettes - Forceps - Thermometers - Stopwatch - 15% potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution Procedure: 1. Prepare a room-temperature bath (approx. 25 o C) and a cold water bath (approx. 10 o C). 2. Add ice cubes to the cold water bath until the desired temperature of 10 o C is obtained. 3. Put a sheet of white paper lying flat in the water bath. The paper will help provide a contrast when reading the pipette. 4. Fill a 100 ml graduated cylinder with 50 ml of water. 5. Add 25 germinating peas and determine the amount of water that is displaced. 6. Record this volume of the 25 germinating peas, then remove the peas and place them on a paper towel. They will be used for respirometer Next, refill the graduated cylinder with 50 ml of water and add 25 non-germinating peas to it. 8. Add glass beads to the graduated cylinder until the volume is equivalent to that of the expanded germinating peas. Remove the beads and peas and place on a paper towel. They will be used in respirometer Now, refill the graduated cylinder with 50 ml of water. Determine how many glass beads would be required to attain a volume that is equivalent to that of the germinating peas. Remove the beads. They will be used in respirometer Then repeat the procedures used above (steps 3-8) to prepare a second set of germinating peas, dry peas and beads, and beads to be used in respirometers 4, 5, and Wear gloves before assembling the six respirometers: 12. Obtain 6 glass vials (3 for room temp and 3 for colder temps), each with an attached stopper and pipette. 13. Place a small wad of absorbent cotton in the bottom of each vial, using tweezers. 14. Using a plastic pipette, saturate the cotton with 15 % KOH. Be sure not to get the KOH on the sides of the respirometer. 15. Place a small wad of nonabsorbent cotton on top of the KOH-soaked absorbent cotton, using tweezers. 16. Repeat these steps (steps 10-14) to make the other respirometers. It is important to use about the same amount of cotton and KOH in each vial.
3 17. Place the first set of germinating peas, dry peas and beads, and beads alone in vials 1, 2, and 3, respectively. 18. Place the second set of germinating peas, dry peas and beads, and glass beads in vials 4, 5, and 6, respectively. 19. Insert the stoppers in each vial with the proper glass pipette. There should be a washer on each of the pipettes to be used as a weight. (See Figure 5.1) Table 1 of your setup: Respirometer Temperature (Record Contents Initial Temperature) o C 1 Room= Germinating Seeds 2 Room= Dry Seeds + Glass Beads 3 Room= Glass Beads 4 Cold= Germinating Seeds 5 Cold= Dry Seeds + Glass Beads 6 Cold= Glass Beads 20. Make a sling using masking tape and attach it to each side of the water baths to hold the pipettes out of the water during the equilibration period of 10 minutes. Vials 1, 2, and 3 should be in the bath containing water at room temperature. Vials 4, 5, and 6 should be in the bath containing water that is 10 o C. (See Figure 5.2) 21. It is difficult to see the water/air interface when taking readings from the pipettes. To help with this, you may want to touch a drop of food coloring to the tips of the pipettes just before immersing them. 22. After the equilibration period, immerse all six respirometers into the water completely. Water will enter the pipette for a short distance and stop. If the water does not stop, there is a leak. Make sure the pipettes are facing a direction from where you can read them. The vials should not be shifted during the experiment and your hands should not be placed in the water during the experiment. 23. Allow the respirometers to equilibrate for three more minutes and then record the initial water reading in each pipette at time Check the temperature in both baths and record the data. 25. Every five minutes for 20 minutes take readings of the water s position in each pipette, and record.
4 26. For your calculations in the data table: = V at time 0 V at current reading = (for Respirometer 1 or Respirometer 2) - of Respirometer 3 Lab 5-Data Table 2: Measurement of O2 Consumption by Soaked and Dry Pea Seeds at Room Temperature Using Volumetric Methods Temperature ( o C) Time (Min) Respirometer 1 Germinating Peas Respirometer 2 Dry Peas + Beads Respirometer 3 Beads Only Table 3: Measurement of O2 Consumption by Soaked and Dry Pea Seeds at 10 C Using Volumetric Methods Respirometer 1 Germinating Peas Respirometer 2 Dry Peas + Beads Respirometer 3 Beads Only Temperature ( o C) Time (Min) Graph respiration rate of all six variables on one graph (include key)
5 Lab 5- Analysis of Results 1. What are the sources of error in this experiment? 2. Describe (What?) and explain (Why?) the relationship between the amount of oxygen consumed and time. 3. Explain the effects of germination (versus non-germination) on pea seed respiration. 4. Why is it necessary to correct the readings from the peas with the readings from the beads? 5. What is the purpose of KOH in this experiment? 6. In this experiment, you measured the change in volume of the gas inside the respirometers. The general gas law describes the state of a gas under given conditions: PV = nrt is the formula for the inert gas law or V = nrt/p (since you are measuring changes in volume. P = pressure of the gas V = volume of the gas n = kmoles (number of molecules) of gas R = universal gas constant [8314 joules/ (kmole) (K)] T = temperature of the gas in degrees K Using the general gas law and your experience in this lab, give the variables that had to be controlled for your data to be valid. State the controls used for each variable and any means used to correct for the influence of a variable(s).
6 7. Which of the respirometers (1, 2, or 3) serves as a negative control? Explain your answer. 8. From your graph, calculate the rate of oxygen consumption for each treatment: a. Germinating seeds at room temperature = ml/min b. Germinating seeds at colder temperature = ml/min c. dry seeds at room temperature = ml/min d. dry seeds at colder temperature = ml/min 9. Using your graph and data tables, summarize your findings, comparing results from respirometers 1 and 2, and results obtained at room temperature vs. results at the colder temperatures. Speculate as to the cause (s) of any differences between the treatments. 10. If you used the same experimental design to compare the rates of respiration of a 35g mammal at 10 o C, what results would you expect? Explain your reasoning. 11. If respiration in a small mammal were studied at both room temperature (21oC) and 10 o C, what results would you predict? Explain your reasoning.
C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6H CO kilocalories of energy/mole of glucose
Objectives Before doing this lab you should understand respiration, dormancy, and germination. After doing this lab you should be able to relate gas production to respiration rate. Introduction Aerobic
More informationAP Biology Lab - Cell Respiration
AP Biology Lab - Cell Respiration This investigation uses respirometry techniques to calculate the rate of oxygen consumption (cellular respiration) in germinating pea seeds. The effect of temperature
More information1. Read the overview. What is the difference between germinating and nongerminating
Pre-lab Cell Respiration (# 5) 1. Read the overview. What is the difference between germinating and nongerminating seeds? 2. Why do seeds need oxygen? And, what would measuring the oxygen consumption of
More informationBefore doing this lab you should understand:
RVE CELL RESPIRATION OVERVIEW In this experiment you will work with seeds that are living but dormant. A seed contains an embryo plant and a food supply surrounded by a seed coat. When the necessary conditions
More informationAPBiology Unit 2, Chapter 8
APBiology Unit 2, Chapter 8 Research Question What factors affect the rate of cellular respiration in multicellular organisms? Background Living systems require free energy and matter to maintain order,
More informationAP Biology 12 Cellular Respiration Lab
AP Biology 12 Cellular Respiration Lab Background: Each individual cell is responsible for the energy exchanges necessary to sustain its ordered structure. Cells accomplish this task by breaking down nutrient
More informationCell Respiration Laboratory PSI Biology
Cell Respiration Laboratory PSI Biology Name Objective Students will understand the relationship between temperature, pressure, and gas volume and will predict the effect of temperature and germination
More informationLAB 06 Organismal Respiration
LAB 06 Organismal Respiration Objectives: To learn how a respirometer can be used to determine a respiration rate. Identify and explain the effect of seed germination on cell respiration. To design and
More informationWhat factors affect the rate of cellular respiration in multicellular organisms?
INV~t:;TIGATION 6 CELLULAR RESPIRATION* What factors affect the rate of cellular respiration in multicellular organisms? BACKGROUND Living systems require free energy and matter to maintain order, to grow,
More informationBiology Unit 2, Structure of Life, Lab Activity 2-3
Biology Unit 2, Structure of Life, Lab Activity 2-3 Cellular respiration is the release of energy from organic compounds by metabolic chemical oxidation in the mitochondria within each cell. Cellular respiration
More informationAP Biology. Investigation 6: Cellular Respiration. Investigation 6: Cellular Respiration. Investigation 6: Cellular Respiration
AP Biology Learning Objectives Investigation 6: Cellular Respiration To learn how a respirometer system can be used to measure respiration rates in plant seeds or small invertebrates, such as insects or
More informationC6Hi (g) 6 H2O + 6 C02(g) + energy
Experient Cell Respiration 110 Cell respiration refers to the process of converting the cheical energy of organic olecules into a for iediately usable by organiss. Glucose ay be oxidized copletely if sufficient
More informationAdditional Reading General, Organic and Biological Chemistry, by Timberlake, chapter 8.
Gas Laws EXPERIMENTAL TASK Determine the mathematical relationship between the volume of a gas sample and its absolute temperature, using experimental data; and to determine the mathematical relationship
More informationBoyle s Law VC 09. Experiment 9: Gas Laws. Abstract
Experiment 9: Gas Laws VC 09 Abstract In this laboratory activity, you will experimentally confirm Boyle s Law, determine absolute zero from Gay-Lussac's Law, and determine the molecular weight of acetone,
More informationExploring the Properties of Gases
Computer 30 The purpose of this investigation is to conduct a series of experiments, each of which illustrates a different gas law. You will be given a list of equipment and materials and some general
More informationAerobic Respiration. Evaluation copy
Aerobic Respiration Computer 17 Aerobic cellular respiration is the process of converting the chemical energy of organic molecules into a form immediately usable by organisms. Glucose may be oxidized completely
More informationExploring the Properties of Gases. Evaluation copy. 10 cm in diameter and 25 cm high)
Exploring the Properties of Gases Computer 30 The purpose of this investigation is to conduct a series of experiments, each of which illustrates a different gas law. You will be given a list of equipment
More informationExploring the Properties of Gases
Exploring the Properties of Gases LabQuest 30 The purpose of this investigation is to conduct a series of experiments, each of which illustrates a different gas law. You will be given a list of equipment
More informationMARK SCHEME for the October/November 2013 series 9700 BIOLOGY. 9700/53 Paper 5 (Planning, Analysis and Evaluation), maximum raw mark 30
CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS GCE Advanced Subsidiary Level and GCE Advanced Level MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2013 series 9700 BIOLOGY 9700/53 Paper 5 (Planning, Analysis and Evaluation),
More informationMeasuring Carbon Dioxide in Breath
Measuring Carbon Dioxide in Breath OBJECTIVES 1. Measure the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in your breath 2. Estimate the volume of air you exhale per day 3. Estimate the volume and mass of CO2 you
More informationGas Laws: Boyle s and Amonton s Laws MCTC Chemistry v.9.17
Gas Laws: Boyle s and Amonton s Laws MCTC Chemistry v.9.17 Objective: The purpose of this experiment is confirm Boyle's and Amontons' Laws in the laboratory. Prelab Questions: Read through this lab handout
More informationIntroduction. Objectives. Hazards. Procedure
Experiment: Exploring Gases Note to Students: Check with your instructor to see which parts of this lab (Parts A, B, or C) you will complete. Introduction Gases are made up of molecules that are in constant
More informationThe Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide
The Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide Calculator 12 The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solution proceeds very slowly. A bottle of 3% hydrogen peroxide sitting on a grocery store shelf is
More informationMARK SCHEME for the October/November 2013 series 9700 BIOLOGY
CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS GCE Advanced Subsidiary Level and GCE Advanced Level MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2013 series 9700 BIOLOGY 9700/51 Paper 5 (Planning, Analysis and Evaluation),
More informationAnalysis of a KClO3 Mixture and Determination of R
Experiment 10 Analysis of a KClO3 Mixture and Determination of R Pre-Lab Assignment Before coming to lab: Read the lab thoroughly. Answer the pre-lab questions that appear at the end of this lab exercise.
More informationPRESSURE-TEMPERATURE RELATIONSHIP IN GASES
PRESSURE-TEMPERATURE RELATIONSHIP IN GASES LAB PS2.PALM INTRODUCTION Gases are made up of molecules that are in constant motion and exert pressure when they collide with the walls of their container. The
More informationDetermination of R: The Gas-Law Constant
Determination of R: The Gas-Law Constant PURPOSE: EXPERIMENT 9 To gain a feeling for how well real gases obey the ideal-gas law and to determine the ideal-gas-law constant R. APPARATUS AND CHEMICALS: KClO
More informationGas Laws: Boyle s and Amonton s Laws Minneapolis Community and Technical College v.9.08
Gas Laws: Boyle s and Amonton s Laws Minneapolis Community and Technical College v.9.08 I. Introduction The purpose of this experiment is to test the extent real gases (to the limits of our measurements)
More informationGases. Unit 10. How do gases behave?
Gases Unit 10 How do gases behave? Gases are perhaps the most mysterious of all of the phases of matter. For the most part gases are invisible to us, and it was once believed that in the air there is no
More informationTEMPERATURE S RELATIONSHIP TO GAS & VAPOR PRESSURE
TEMPERATURE S RELATIONSHIP TO GAS & VAPOR PRESSURE Adapted from "Chemistry with Computers" Vernier Software, Portland OR, 1997 ELECTRONIC LABORATORY NOTEBOOK (ELN) INSTRUCTIONS Read the directions and
More informationDetermination of the Gas-Law Constant (R) using CO2
Determination of the Gas-Law Constant (R) using CO2 EXPERIMENT 11 Prepared by Edward L. Brown and Miranda Raines, Lee University The student will become familiar with ideal gases and how their properties
More informationExperiment 13 Molar Mass of a Gas. Purpose. Background. PV = nrt
Experiment 13 Molar Mass of a Gas Purpose In this experiment you will use the ideal gas law to calculate the molar mass of a volatile liquid compound by measuring the mass, volume, temperature, and pressure
More informationStudying Carbon Dioxide
Activity 3 Studying Carbon Dioxide GOALS In this activity you will: Generate CO 2 by various methods, then collect and characterize it. Explore how the volume of a gas varies with temperature. Compare
More informationLABORATORY INVESTIGATION
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION MEASURING THE RATE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS Light and Photosynthesis About 2.5-3 billion years ago a new chemical process, photosynthesis, was evolved by a unicellular life form. This
More informationSTRUCTURED INQUIRY: Investigating Surface Area to Volume Ratio in Cells
STRUCTURED INQUIRY: Investigating Surface Area to Volume Ratio in Cells Introduction: All organisms are composed of cells. The size and shape of a cell determines how well it can deliver nutrients to its
More informationEnzyme Activity Lab. Wear safety goggles when handling hydrogen peroxide.
Enzyme Activity Lab This laboratory involves the use of an enzyme that will react with hydrogen peroxide. The enzyme is catalase and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is the substrate. The reaction is as follows:
More informationINSTRUCTOR RESOURCES
Gases: Dalton s Law INSTRUCTOR RESOURCES By Dale A. Hammond, PhD LEARNING OBJECTIVES introduce the concept of ideal gases. experimentally determine the relationship between pressure and amount of gas,
More informationExperiment #12. Gas Laws.
Goal To observe gas laws in the laboratory. Experiment #12. Gas Laws. Introduction All ideal gases, regardless of molar mass or chemical properties, follow the same gas laws under most conditions. Gas
More informationCHM111 Lab Gas Laws Grading Rubric
Name Team Name CHM111 Lab Gas Laws Grading Rubric Criteria Points possible Points earned Lab Performance Printed lab handout and rubric was brought to lab 3 Safety and proper waste disposal procedures
More informationYou should be able to: Describe Equipment Barometer Manometer. 5.1 Pressure Read and outline 5.1 Define Barometer
A P CHEMISTRY - Unit 5: Gases Unit 5: Gases Gases are distinguished from other forms of matter, not only by their power of indefinite expansion so as to fill any vessel, however large, and by the great
More informationMARK SCHEME for the October/November 2013 series 9700 BIOLOGY. 9700/52 Paper 5 (Planning, Analysis and Evaluation), maximum raw mark 30
CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS GCE Advanced Subsidiary Level and GCE Advanced Level MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2013 series 9700 BIOLOGY 9700/52 Paper 5 (Planning, Analysis and Evaluation),
More informationUnit 11 Gas Laws Chapters 13 of your textbook
Unit 11 Gas Laws Chapters 13 of your textbook Early Booklet E.C.: + 2 Unit 11 Hwk. Pts.: / 19 Unit 11 Lab Pts.: / 20 Late, Incomplete, No Work, No Units Fees? Y / N Learning Targets for Unit 11 1.1 I can
More informationStates of Matter Review
States of Matter Review May 13 8:16 PM Physical States of Matter (Phases) Solid Liquid Melting Gas Condensation Freezing Evaporation Deposition Sublimation Sep 13 6:04 PM 1 May 13 8:11 PM Gases Chapter
More informationExercise & Cellular Respiration
Exercise & Cellular Respiration Name: Block: Background Information. Cellular respiration (see chemical reaction below) is a chemical reaction that occurs in your cells to create energy; when you are exercising
More informationUNIT 4 IB MATERIAL PARTICLE BEHAVIOR OF MATTER PHASES & ATTRACTIONS
UNIT 4 IB MATERIAL Name: PARTICLE BEHAVIOR OF MATTER PHASES & ATTRACTIONS ESSENTIALS: Know, Understand, and Be Able To Apply Avogadro s law to calculate reacting volumes of gases. Apply the concept of
More informationA. What are the three states of matter chemists work with?
Chapter 10 and 12 The Behavior of Gases Chapter 10 The States of Matter A. What are the three states of matter chemists work with? Section 10.1 Pg 267 B. We will explain the behavior of gases using the
More informationGas Laws. Introduction
Gas Laws Introduction In 1662 Robert Boyle found that, at constant temperature, the pressure of a gas and its volume are inversely proportional such that P x V = constant. This relationship is known as
More informationWorld of Chemistry Notes for Students [Chapter 13, page 1] Chapter 13 Gases
World of Chemistry Notes for Students [Chapter 3, page ] Chapter 3 Gases ) Sec 3.8 Kinetic Theory of Gases and the Nature of Gases The Kinetic Theory of Matter says that the tiny particles in all forms
More informationName Chemistry Pre-AP
Name Chemistry Pre-AP Notes: Gas Laws and Gas Stoichiometry Period Part 1: The Nature of Gases and The Gas Laws I. Nature of Gases A. Kinetic-Molecular Theory The - theory was developed to account for
More informationThe University of Hong Kong Department of Physics Experimental Physics Laboratory
The University of Hong Kong Department of Physics Experimental Physics Laboratory PHYS2260 Heat and Waves 2260-1 LABORATORY MANUAL Experiment 1: Adiabatic Gas Law Part A. Ideal Gas Law Equipment Required:
More informationPHOTOSYNTHESIS AND CELLULAR RESPIRATION LAB / 67
PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND CELLULAR RESPIRATION LAB / 67 OBJECTIVE: (Copy or Summarize - 1pt) Students will directly observe the role of indicators in identifying the presence or lack of molecules or ions Students
More informationCompleted ALL 2 Warm-up IC Kinetic Molecular Theory Notes. Kinetic Molecular Theory and Pressure Worksheet
Name: Unit 10- Gas Laws Day Page # Description IC/HW Due Date Completed ALL 2 Warm-up IC 1 3 5 Kinetic Molecular Theory Notes IC 1 6 8 Kinetic Molecular Theory and Pressure Worksheet IC 2 9 10 Gas Law
More informationChapter 13 Gases. H. Cannon, C. Clapper and T. Guillot Klein High School. Pressure/Temperature Conversions
Chapter 13 Gases Pressure/Temperature Conversions Convert the following: 1. 3.50 atm = kpa 2. 123 atm = mmhg 3. 970.0 mmhg = torr 4. 870.0 torr = kpa 5. 250.0 kpa = atm 6. 205.0 mmhg = kpa 7. 12.4 atm
More informationPOGIL EXERCISE 18 All You Need to Know About Gas Laws
POGIL 18 Page 1 of 11 POGIL EXERCISE 18 All You Need to Know About Gas Laws Each member should assume his or her role at this time. The new manager takes charge of the POGIL folder and hands out the GRF
More informationJudith Herzfeld 1996,1998. These exercises are provided here for classroom and study use only. All other uses are copyright protected.
Judith Herzfeld 1996,1998 These exercises are provided here for classroom and study use only. All other uses are copyright protected. 2.7-110 A yardstick laid on a table with a few inches hanging over
More informationChapter 5. Nov 6 1:02 PM
Chapter 5 Nov 6 1:02 PM Expand to fill their containers Fluid motion (they flow) Have low densities (1/1000 the density of equivalent liquids or solids) Compressible Can Effuse and Diffuse Effuse: The
More information8 th grade. Name Date Block
Name Date Block The Plot & the Pendulum Lab A pendulum is any mass that swings back and forth on a rope, string, or chain. Pendulums can be found in old clocks and other machinery. A playground swing is
More informationPressure of the atmosphere varies with elevation and weather conditions. Barometer- device used to measure atmospheric pressure.
Chapter 12 Section 1 Pressure A gas exerts pressure on its surroundings. Blow up a balloon. The gas we are most familiar with is the atmosphere, a mixture of mostly elemental nitrogen and oxygen. Pressure
More informationEXPERIMENT 8 Ideal Gas Law: Molecular Weight of a Vapor
EXPERIMENT 8 Ideal Gas Law: Molecular Weight of a Vapor Purpose: In this experiment you will use the ideal gas law to calculate the molecular weight of a volatile liquid compound by measuring the mass,
More informationExperiment 18 Properties of Gases
Experiment 18 Properties of Gases E18-1 E18-2 The Task In this experiment you will investigate some of the properties of gases, i.e. how gases flow, their phase changes and chemical reactivity. Skills
More informationProperties of Gases Observing Atom Pressure of a Gas Measuring Gas Products of Chemical Inferring Molecule Reactions
It s a Gas! In a gas, molecules or atoms move constantly and spread far apart. If a gas cannot escape its container, it applies pressure on the container. For example, gas pressure inflates a balloon.
More informationInquiry Investigation: Factors Affecting Photosynthesis
Inquiry Investigation: Factors Affecting Photosynthesis Background Photosynthesis fuels ecosystems and replenishes the Earth's atmosphere with oxygen. Like all enzyme-driven reactions, the rate of photosynthesis
More informationThe Decomposition of Potassium Chlorate
The Decomposition of Potassium Chlorate Small quantities of molecular oxygen (O 2 ) can be obtained from the thermal decomposition of certain oxides, peroxides, and salts of oxoacids. Some examples of
More informationCLASS COPY-DO NOT WRITE ON
Save Our Shells - Central Question: How does carbon dioxide affect salt water? CLASS COPY-DO NOT WRITE ON Overview of experiment: Exhaling carbon dioxide into a beaker of salt water mimics the gas exchange
More informationKinetic-Molecular Theory
GASES Chapter Eleven Kinetic-Molecular Theory! Recall that our only previous description of gases stated that gases completely fill and take the shape of their containers.! The Kinetic-Molecular Theory
More informationLABORATORY INVESTIGATION A Study of Yeast Fermentation - Teacher Instructions
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION A Study of Yeast Fermentation - Teacher Instructions In this laboratory investigation, students measure the rate of fermentation in yeast cells. Data are collected showing that
More informationweight of the book divided by the area of the bottom of the plunger.
Lab: Boyle s Law Datasheet Name Data: Pressure is defined as force per unit area: P = Force/Area When a book rests on top of the plunger, the pressure it exerts equals the weight of the book divided by
More informationThe Gas Laws: Boyle's Law and Charles Law
Exercise 6 Page 1 Illinois Central College CHEMISTRY 130 Name The Gas Laws: Boyle's Law and Charles Law Objective The simple laws governing the properties of gases can be readily demonstrated experimentally.
More informationPre-Lab 6: Gas Law ~ 70 ~
Name: Pre-Lab 6: Gas Law Section: Answer the following questions after reading the background information at the beginning of the lab. This should be completed before coming to lab. 1. Convert the following:
More informationPROPERTIES OF GASES. [MH5; Ch 5, (only)]
PROPERTIES OF GASES [MH5; Ch 5, 5.1-5.5 (only)] FEATURES OF A GAS Molecules in a gas are a long way apart (under normal conditions). Molecules in a gas are in rapid motion in all directions. The forces
More informationBoyle s Law: Pressure-Volume Relationship in Gases
Boyle s Law: Pressure-Volume Relationship in Gases Experiment The primary objective of this experiment is to determine the relationship between the pressure and volume of a confined gas. The gas we use
More informationPhysics Experiment 17 Ideal Gas Law Qualitative Study
Physics 210 17-1 Experiment 17 Ideal Gas Law Qualitative Study Note 1: Parts of this lab involve using a laptop computer and the PASCO ScienceWorkshop Interface to collect data. The lab also involves use
More informationGeneral Chemistry I Percent Yield of Hydrogen Gas From Magnesium and HCl
Introduction For chemical reactions involving gases, gas volume measurements provide a convenient means of determining stoichiometric relationships. A gaseous product is collected in a long, thin graduated
More informationObjective To identify a pure liquid substance using the physical properties of solubility, density, and boiling point.
Chemistry 1020 Identification of an Unknown Liquid Objective To identify a pure liquid substance using the physical properties of solubility, density, and boiling point. Text reference solubility, density,
More information11.1 Dumas Method - Pre-Lab Questions
11.1 Dumas Method - Pre-Lab Questions Name: Instructor: Date: Section/Group: Show all work for full credit. 1. If a 275-mL gas container has pressure of 732.6 mm Hg at -28 C, how many moles of gas are
More informationUnit 2 Kinetic Theory, Heat, and Thermodynamics: 2.A.1 Problems Temperature and Heat Sections of your book.
Unit 2 Kinetic Theory, Heat, and Thermodynamics: 2.A.1 Problems Temperature and Heat Sections 10.1 10.2 of your book. Convert the following to Celsius and Kelvin temperatures: 1. 80.0 o F Early E. C.:
More informationHydrostatics Physics Lab XI
Hydrostatics Physics Lab XI Objective Students will discover the basic principles of buoyancy in a fluid. Students will also quantitatively demonstrate the variance of pressure with immersion depth in
More informationApplied Science SC02 (JUN15SC0201) General Certificate of Education Advanced Subsidiary Examination June Energy Transfer Systems TOTAL
Centre Number Surname Candidate Number For Examiner s Use Other Names Candidate Signature Examiner s Initials Question Mark Applied Science General Certificate of Education Advanced Subsidiary Examination
More informationGas Law Worksheets - WS: Boyle s and Charles Law
Gas Law Worksheets - WS: Boyle s and Charles Law Boyle s Law states that the volume of a gas varies inversely with its pressure if temperature is held constant. (If one goes up the, other goes down.) We
More informationName /74. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Ch 11 Gases STUDY GUIDE Accelerated Chemistry SCANTRON Name /74 MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which of the following statements
More informationHeat-Trapping Gases Lab
Heat-Trapping Gases Lab Before performing the lab, show this video to the students. http://spark.ucar.edu/greenhouse-effect-movie-scott-denning Objective: The main goal of this activity is instrumentally
More informationSCH3U7 Quantitative Chemistry
SCH3U7 Quantitative Chemistry So far, we have looked at solids and liquids (solutions) Today we will look at gases and the laws that govern their behaviour in chemical reactions 4 Factors Affecting Gases
More informationChapter 13. Gases. Copyright Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 1
Chapter 13 Gases Copyright Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 1 Section 13.1 Pressure Why study gases? An understanding of real world phenomena. An understanding of how science works. Copyright Cengage
More informationUNIT 10 - GASES. Notes & Worksheets - Honors
Ideal Gas Equation 1 WKSHT 1.) What is the pressure exerted by 2.0 moles of an ideal gas when it occupies a volume of 12.0 L at 373 K? 2.) A flashbulb of volume 2.6 cm 3 contains O 2 gas at a pressure
More informationR: The Ideal Gas Constant Pre-Lab Assignment
R: The Ideal Gas Constant Pre-Lab Assignment Read the entire laboratory investigation and the relevant pages in your textbook, then answers the questions that follow in the space provided below. 1 Describe
More informationBoyle s law Verifying the relation between air pressure and volume measuring air pressure in a closed container.
Objective The purpose of this activity is to analyze the relationship between the pressure and volume of a confined gas at constant temperature, create a hypothesis and proceed to test it using the Labdisc
More informationAccelerated Chemistry Study Guide Chapter 13: Gases
Accelerated Chemistry Study Guide Chapter 13: Gases Terms, definitions, topics Diffusion Kinetic Molecular Theory Atmospheric pressure Barometer Manometer STP Absolute zero Page 1 of 42 Molar volume Partial
More informationEvaluation copy. Vapor Pressure of Liquids. computer OBJECTIVES MATERIALS
Vapor Pressure of Liquids Computer 10 In this experiment, you will investigate the relationship between the vapor pressure of a liquid and its temperature. When a liquid is added to the Erlenmeyer flask
More informationSupporting inquiry based teaching and learning. Respiration. Student Name: Class:
Supporting inquiry based teaching and learning Respiration Student Name: Class: Teacher Name: School: Question 1 a) Respiration is the process that the swimmer uses to release energy from the digested
More informationUnit 10: Gas Laws. Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday. 10 Review for Cumulative Retest. 17 Chem Think Gas Laws Tutorial- Computer Lab-
Unit 10: Gas Laws Name: Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday February 8 Stoichiometry Test Review 9 Stoichiometry Test 10 Review for Cumulative Retest 11 Cumulative Re-Test 12 Pressure & Kinetic Theory
More informationEXPERIMENT 12 GAS LAWS ( BOYLE S AND GAY-LUSSAC S LAW)
EXPERIMENT 12 GAS LAWS ( BOYLE S AND GAY-LUSSAC S LAW) INTRODUCTION: In order to specify fully the condition of a gas it is necessary to know its pressure, volume, and temperature. This quantities are
More information2. Calculate the ratio of diffusion rates for carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2). υa = MB = 44 = 1.25
Gas laws worksheet (2-08) (modified 3/17) Answer key Graham s Law 1. Calculate the ratio of effusion rates for nitrogen (N2) and neon (Ne). υa = MB = 20 = 0.845 υb MA 28 2. Calculate the ratio of diffusion
More informationGases. Edward Wen, PhD
Gases Edward Wen, PhD Properties of Gases expand to completely fill their container take the shape of their container low density much less than solid or liquid state compressible when pressure is changed.
More informationExperiment 8 GAS LAWS
Experiment 8 GAS LAWS FV 6/25/2017 MATERIALS: Amontons Law apparatus, Boyle s Law apparatus, Avogadro s Corollary apparatus, four beakers (2 L), warm-water bath, ice, barometer, digital thermometer, air
More informationWhat is Boyle s law and how can it be demonstrated?
Name: Relationship Between Gas Variables Gas Laws Simulation Introduction: Scientists in the late 1800 s noted relationships between various variables related to gases (pressure, volume, temperature),
More information4. Using the kinetic molecular theory, explain why a gas can be easily compressed, while a liquid and a solid cannot?
Name Period HW 1 Worksheet (Goals 1-4) - Kinetic Molecular Theory 1. Describe how gases, liquids, and solids compare using the following table. Solids Liquids Gases Volume (definite or indefinite) Molecular
More informationPressure Sensor Experiment Guide
Pressure Sensor Experiment Guide Pressure Sensor Introduction: Part of the Eisco series of hand held sensors, the pressure sensor allows students to record and graph data in experiments on the go. This
More informationThe Ideal Gas Constant
Chem 2115 Experiment # 8 The Ideal Gas Constant OBJECTIVE: This experiment is designed to provide experience in gas handling methods and experimental insight into the relationships between pressure, volume,
More informationHeat Engine. Reading: Appropriate sections for first, second law of thermodynamics, and PV diagrams.
Heat Engine Equipment: Capstone, 2 large glass beakers (one for ice water, the other for boiling water), temperature sensor, pressure sensor, rotary motion sensor, meter stick, calipers, set of weights,
More informationSOLUBILITY OF A SOLID IN WATER
1516L Experiment 1 SOLUBILITY OF A SOLID IN WATER Objectives In this experiment you will determine the solubility of potassium nitrate (KNO 3 ) in water at various temperatures. You will prepare a plot
More information