ChemiPPR. Response of hazardous materials LAMK. Sakari Halmemies 26 Sep2016

Transcription

1 ChemiPPR Response of hazardous materials LAMK Sakari Halmemies 26 Sep2016

2 Course Objectives General (1/2) - to learn to know principles of tactics and methods when responding to a chemical accident - to learn to know what can be done by emergency services in chemical response - to learn to know where response instructions can be found - to learn to know what kind of equipment and protecting devices are needed in response work

3 Course Outcomes General (2/2) - to know how and where response instructions can be found for different hazardous materials - to know how hazard identification system can be utilized for finding a suitable response tactic and methods - to get an idea what measures are needed to prepare for a special chemical accident (personal protecting equipment, chemical suits etc.) - to know how response methods could be trained in advanced

4 Definition of chemical response Response actions are mainly taken by professional emergency services or fire brigades that are trained to do this kind of dangerous work.

5 Terms related to chemical diving

6 Chemical diving Closing of ammonia leak in a pipe

7 Contamination of chemical divers

8 Choosing a tactic in chemical response Response measures have a certain order of urgency and their feasibility depends on the resources available to the officer in charge. Tokeva Instructions

9 General Response Tactics (1/2) 1. Start reconnoitring and approach the accident site from an upwind direction. 2. Use personal protective equipment. 3. Rescue the victims. 4. Reconnoitre the leak and specify the hazard area. Organize the rinsing area. 5. Isolate the hazard area from bystanders and traffic. 6. How does the situation develop? Ask expert advice. 7. Prevent a fire or extinguish it.

10 General Response Tactics (2/2) 8. Contain the spill. 9. Close or plug the leak. 10. Make the spillage harmless. 11. Report the environmental damage to authorities. 12. Stop the rescue activities. 13. Remove the restrictions. 14. Decontaminate clothing and equipment.

11 Content of Tokeva instructions 1. User s Guide 2. The Indicies of the Tactical Guides 3. Tactical Guides (T Guides) 4. Method Guides (M Guides) 5. Spreading, Dispersion and Mitigation of Releases 6. Recommended Material Inventories 7. Response using Chemical Protective Clothing 8. Training Instructions 9. Response to Chemical Accidents in Inland Waters 10. Chemical Incidents in the Nordic Countries

12 Tactical guides of Tokeva Tactical (T) guides cover ADR classes 1-8 (25 pcs) Content: typical chemicals that it concerns hazards personal protective equipment response equipment to be used measures to be taken in order (references to method guides)

13 3. TACTICAL GUIDES T1: Explosives T2a: T2b: T2c: T2d: T2e: T2f: T2g: T2h: Oxygen, compressed Nitrogen and the other nonflammable gases Hydrogen and the other flammable compressed gases Acetylene Liquid oxygen The other refrigerated, nonflammable gases Pressure liquefied flammable gases Pressure liquefied toxic gases T3a: T3b: T3c: Flammable liquids Highly flammable liquids Highly flammable, toxic liquids T4.1: T4.2: T4.3: Flammable solids Spontaneously combustible materials Materials that are dangerous when wet T5.1a: Oxidizers T5.1b: Hydrogen peroxide T5.2: Organic peroxides T6.1a: Toxic substances T6.1b: Volatile toxic liquids T6.2: Infectious substances T7: Radioactive materials T8a: T8b: T8c: Corrosive liquids Volatile corrosive liquids Flammable corrosive liquids

14 Example how to use Tokeva UN number 1088 => acetal 33 => Guide T3B (highly flammable liquids) Separate guide for a non-ignited spill and a burning spill hazards, personal protective equipment, equipment, measures (response methods, M- guides)

15 4. METHOD GUIDES Introduction 1 M1: Reconnaissance of the accident site 3 M4a: Reconnaissance of the leak 5 M4b: Determination of ignition hazard 7 M4c: Determination of hazard area of a toxic gas 9 M7a: Removing ignition sources and ventilating 11 M7b: Cooling a tank 17 M8a: Covering a spray jet of a toxic liquid gas 20 M8b: Diking a spill, plugging a drain 23 M8c: Diluting and scrubbing a gas cloud 27 M8d: Controlling spill evaporation 29 M9: Closing or plugging a leak 31 M10a: Pumping 42 M10b: Use of sorbents 55 M10c: Neutralization 58 M14: Decontamination of clothing and equipment 62 M6a: M6b: M6c: M6d: Road tanker 3 ADR (inflammable liquids) discharge and lifting 69 Road tanker 2 ADR (non-flammable gases by Freezing or pressure) discharge and lifting 88 Road tanker 2 ADR (pressurised liquefied inflammable gases) discharge and lifting 93 Road tanker 2 ADR (toxic gases liquefied under pressure) discharge and lifting 100

16 Example of methods M8a: Covering a spray jet of a toxic liquid gas

17 Example of methods M8c: Diluting and scrubbing a gas cloud

18 Personal protectors Breathing protection, isolating

19 Personal protectors Breathing protection, filtering mask

20 Protective suits Protection level 1: Fire suit and breathing apparatus

21 Protective suits Protection level 2: Splash suit and breathing apparatus

22 Protective suits Protection level 3: Chemical suit and breathing apparatus

23 Protective suits Protection level 4: Chemical suit completed with cold protective suit and breathing apparatus

24 Eyes protection Safety goggles: use safety goggles always when there is any chance for eyes to be exposed for dusts, vapors, splashes or light no contacts

25 Protective gloves: Hands protection chemical resistance of material should be checked (databases available)

26 Chemical resistance of materials (1/2) Carbon fibre (Barrigade ja Responder) + best chemical resistance + suitable to most typical chemicals - mechanical strength not good Nitrile + suitable for acids, bases, oils and greases - not suitable for solvents containing ketones, oxidising acids and organic compound containing nitrogen Neoprene + multi-purpose chemical resistance + very good for acids and aliphatic solvents - not suitable for chlorinated and aromatic solvents

27 Chemical resistance of materials (2/2) Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) + suitable for acids and bases - not suitable for solvents containing ketones and aromatic solvents Polytetrafluoriethene (PTFE) (Teflon) + stands almost all chemicals - not suitable for liquid sodium and fluoride compounds Fluoroelastomer, rubber (Viton) + Best chemical resistance of rubbers Nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) + Stands well oil and gasoline Not suitable for oxidative materials