RULES FOR CLASSIFICATION Ships. Part 6 Additional class notations Chapter 10 Naval. Edition October 2015 Amended January 2016 DNV GL AS

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1 RULES FOR CLASSIFICATION Ships Edition October 2015 Amended January 2016 Part 6 Additional class notations Chapter 10 The content of this service document is the subject of intellectual property rights reserved by ("DNV GL"). The user accepts that it is prohibited by anyone else but DNV GL and/or its licensees to offer and/or perform classification, certification and/or verification services, including the issuance of certificates and/or declarations of conformity, wholly or partly, on the basis of and/or pursuant to this document whether free of charge or chargeable, without DNV GL's prior written consent. DNV GL is not responsible for the consequences arising from any use of this document by others. The electronic pdf version of this document, available free of charge from is the officially binding version.

2 FOREWORD DNV GL rules for classification contain procedural and technical requirements related to obtaining and retaining a class certificate. The rules represent all requirements adopted by the Society as basis for classification. October 2015 Any comments may be sent by to rules@dnvgl.com If any person suffers loss or damage which is proved to have been caused by any negligent act or omission of DNV GL, then DNV GL shall pay compensation to such person for his proved direct loss or damage. However, the compensation shall not exceed an amount equal to ten times the fee charged for the service in question, provided that the maximum compensation shall never exceed USD 2 million. In this provision "DNV GL" shall mean, its direct and indirect owners as well as all its affiliates, subsidiaries, directors, officers, employees, agents and any other acting on behalf of DNV GL.

3 CHANGES CURRENT This is a new document. The rules enter into force 1 January Amendments January 2016 General Only editorial corrections have been made. Editorial corrections In addition to the above stated changes, editorial corrections may have been made. Part 6 Chapter 10 Changes - current Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 3

4 CONTENTS Changes current... 3 Section 1 Safety of navigation for naval vessels - NAUT(Navy) General Introduction Scope Application Structure of the rules General Definitions Documentation Tests and trials Exemptions and equivalents References Design of workplace General Bridge and workstation arrangement Bridge configuration Requirements specific for SOLAS vessels Requirements specific for HSC code vessels Bridge working environment Requirements for bridge working environment Carriage requirements for navigational systems and equipment General Carriage requirements...33 Part 6 Chapter 10 Contents Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 4

5 SECTION 1 SAFETY OF NAVIGATION FOR NAVAL VESSELS - NAUT(NAVY) 1 General 1.1 Introduction The additional class notation NAUT(Navy) applies to naval vessels concerning safety of navigation, which includes bridge design, design and arrangement of navigational systems and equipment, and bridge procedures, adapted for naval vessels. 1.2 Scope The scope of additional class notation NAUT(Navy) adds a level of safety related to bridge design, including design and arrangement of navigational equipment and systems. The rules in this section provide requirements and guidelines for compliance with the principles and aims of SOLAS Ch. V - "Safety of Navigation", the HSC Code Ch.13 - "Shipborne Navigational systems and equipment and voyage data recorders", and HSC Code Ch "Operating compartment layout". The aim of SOLAS Ch. V Regulation 15, regarding principles related to bridge design, design and arrangement of navigational systems and equipment and bridge procedures have, as far as practicable for naval vessels, been applied as recommended in IMO MSC/Circ Application Unless expressly provided otherwise, the rules in this section applies to those vessels, assigned class notation NAUT(Navy), hereinafter collectively referred to as 'naval vessels', on all voyages, except: vessels of less than 24 meters in length (length over all (LOA)) submarines. Special requirements for naval vessels built to fulfil SOLAS requirements are detailed in [2.4]. Special requirements for naval vessels built to fulfil HSC Code requirements are detailed in [2.5]. All other requirements are applicable to all naval vessels. vessels may be assigned the additional class notation NAUT(Navy), when the relevant requirements in this section have been complied with. 1.4 Structure of the rules The rules are structured to: establish functional requirements to the greatest possible extent, give guidance as to how requirements which are expressed in terms of functional criteria can be met by technical solutions. A functional requirement is as far as possible expressed without entering quantification. The functional requirements have a principle status and will only be adjusted if the functions to be carried out on the bridge are altered. A Guidance note, as far as possible, quantifies approvable solutions, but does not exclude the application of alternative solutions provided the functional requirements are met. A Guidance note will be amended whenever technical development or operational experience forms the basis for better options. Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 5

6 1.5 General For the application of these rules, wherever the term administration is quoted, this shall be read as the naval administration. Wherever the Society is quoted, this shall be read as the classification Society. Navigational equipment installed, not necessarily required by the rules, that may have an impact on safety of main functions as listed in Pt.1 Ch.1 Sec.1 [1.2] shall be certified in accordance with the requirements of Pt.4 Ch.9. Early involvement in the bridge design phase is of great importance for the classification work. After a client has requested class, efforts should be made to establish contact between the client's bridge design team and the classification team. Preliminary sketches giving a bridge design overview should be forwarded to the relevant approval centre for comments at the earliest possible stage of design phase. 1.6 Definitions For the purpose of these rules the definitions in Table 1 applies. Table 1 Definitions Term Definition Abnormal operating conditions Accept When malfunction of technical systems requires operation of backup systems on the bridge, or when it occurs during an irregular operating condition, or when the officer of the watch becomes unfit to perform his duties and has not yet been replaced by another qualified officer. Action for silencing of audible alarm and bringing visual alarm to steady state. Functions related to vessel operations which shall be carried out on the bridge in addition to primary functions, but not necessarily by the watch officer. Examples of such functions are: Additional bridge functions Alarm Bridge Bridge functions Bridge team Bridge wings Cancel Close to Collision avoidance functions extended communication functions monitoring and control of sensors and weapon systems monitoring and control of ballasting and cargo operations (e.g. replenishment at sea) monitoring and control of machinery monitoring and control of domestic systems. An alarm or alarm system, which announces by audible and visual means a condition requiring attention. The area from which the navigation and control of the vessel is exercised, including the wheelhouse and bridge wings. Functions comprising tasks related to operation of the vessel and carried out on the bridge. Designated persons from the vessel s crew, and the pilot if on board, taking actively part in the safe navigation, manoeuvring and operation of the vessel. Those parts of the bridge on both sides of the vessel s wheelhouse which, in general, extend to the vessel s side. Manual stopping of a visual alarm after the cause has been eliminated. Within functional reach (inside the wheelhouse). Detection and plotting of other vessels and moving objects; determination and execution of course and speed deviations to avoid collision. Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 6

7 Term Commanding view Conning station or position Distress situations Docking Emergency situations Irregular operating conditions Manoeuvring Definition View without obstructions which could interfere with the navigator s ability to perform his main tasks, covering at least the field of vision required for safe performance of collision avoidance functions (225 ). Place in the wheelhouse with a commanding view, providing the necessary information for command and control and which is used by navigators, including pilots, when monitoring and directing the vessel s movements. Loss of propulsion and/or steering, or when the vessel is not seaworthy due to other reasons (situation prior to abandon ship situation). Manoeuvring the vessel alongside a berth while controlling mooring operations. When incidents seriously affect internal operating conditions of the vessel and the ability to maintain safe course and speed (fire, vessel system technical failure, structural damage). When external conditions cause excessive workload for the navigator. Operation of steering systems and propulsion machinery as required to move the vessel into predetermined directions, positions or tracks. Monitoring Navigating bridge Navigation Normal operating conditions Primary bridge functions Route planning Totally enclosed bridge Wheelhouse Act of constantly checking information from instrument displays and environment in order to detect any irregularities. Area of a wheelhouse or enclosed bridge allocated navigating functions and control of the vessel, and which includes any additional bridge workstation to be used by the officer of the watch. Planning of the vessel s route and determination of position and course of the vessel, execution of course alterations and speed changes. When all shipboard systems and equipment related to primary bridge functions operate within design limits, and weather conditions or traffic do not cause excessive workload for the navigator. Functions related to determination, execution and maintenance of safe course, speed and position of the vessel in relation to the waters, traffic and weather conditions. Such functions are: route planning functions navigation functions collision avoidance functions manoeuvring functions docking functions monitoring of safety systems external and internal communication related to safety in bridge operations including distress situations pilotage functions. Pre-determination of course lines, radius turns and speed in relation to the waters to be navigated. A bridge without open bridge wings, meaning that bridge wings form an integral part of an enclosed wheelhouse. Enclosed area of the bridge. Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 7

8 Term Workstation Workstation for monitoring Workstation for navigating and manoeuvring Workstation for radio communication Workstation for safety operations Definition A workplace at which one or several tasks constituting a particular activity are carried out, and which provides the information and equipment required for safe performance of the tasks. A workstation facilitating equipment and a commanding view for observation of the vessel s heading and speed, the waters and traffic, incorporating means as required for positioning of the vessel, and if located close to the front windows may serve as conning station for the master and a pilot carrying out control and advisory functions. A workstation with commanding view used by navigators whencarrying out navigation, route monitoring, traffic surveillance and manoeuvring functions, and which enables monitoring of the safety state of the vessel. A workplace for operation and control of equipment for Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS), and shipboard communication for vessel operations. A workplace dedicated organisation and control of internal emergency and distress operations, and which provides easy access to information related to the safety state of the vessel For general requirements for documentation, including definition of the info codes, see Pt.1 Ch.3 Sec For a full definition of the documentation types, see Pt.1 Ch.3 Sec Documentation Documentation shall be submitted as required by Table 2. Table 2 Documentation requirements Object Documentation type Additional description Information Navigation bridge N011 Bridge design drawing N021 Vertical field of vision drawing, extended N031 Horizontal field of vision drawing, extended N040 Nautical workstation arrangement plan N050 Navigation bridge windows framing arrangement plan AP AP AP AP AP Z030 Arrangement plan Window wipers, fresh water wash, sun-screens and de-misting/de-icing system (heating) on the bridge windows. AP Z090 Equipment list AP Navigation systems Z253 Test procedure for quay and sea trial Specifying the test procedure and check items for all the navigational equipment. AP Z161 - Operation manual FI, R Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 8

9 Object Documentation type Additional description Information Bridge alarm management and navigational watch alarm systems Steering control and monitoring system Navigation bridge lights Ventilation systems Z162 - Installation manual I020 Control system functional description I020 - Functional description Z030 Arrangement plan Including a flow diagram for the total system configuration and descriptions of the watch monitoring and alarm systems. Steering mode selection. Red and white lighting in wheelhouse and all adjacent corridors, stairways and rooms. Z030 Arrangement plan For wheelhouse, including capacity specification. AP AP=For approval; FI=For information ACO=As carried out; L=Local handling; R=On request; TA=Covered by type approval; VS=Vessel specific FI, R AP AP AP 1.8 Tests and trials The program for on board testing of the bridge equipment and systems required to be carried (see Documentation type Z253 in Table 2), as well as additional navigation equipment installed, shall be submitted for approval at the earliest possible stage before sea trials Equipment and systems shall be subject to the tests required to ascertain that all controls, indicators, displays, etc., operate in accordance with their specifications and meet applicable requirements [4] Failure conditions shall be simulated as realistically as possible on equipment and systems. 1.9 Exemptions and equivalents The Society may grant individual vessels exemptions or equivalents of a partial or conditional nature, when any such vessel is engaged on a voyage where the maximum distance of the vessel from the shore, the length and nature of the voyage, the absence of general navigation hazards, and other conditions affecting safety are such as to render the full application of this chapter unreasonably or unnecessary. This on the condition that the naval administration has taken into account and can document the effect such exemptions and equivalents may have upon the safety of the vessel and of all other vessels References The International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), Chapter V (Safety of Navigation) The International Code of Safety for High-Speed Craft (HSC Code) Chapter 13 (Shipborne navigational systems and equipment and voyage data recorders) and Chapter 15 (Operating compartment layout) IMO MSC/Circ.982 (Guidelines on ergonomic criteria for bridge equipment and layout) as amended. Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 9

10 2 Design of workplace 2.1 General General requirements The design and layout of the bridge from which the crew operate the vessel shall be such as to permit bridge team members to perform their duties in a correct manner without unreasonable difficulty, fatigue or distraction, and to minimize the likelihood of injury to the crew in both normal and emergency operating conditions. 2.2 Bridge and workstation arrangement General requirements Navigation, communications and other functions essential to the safe operation of the vessel, its engines and systems shall be the main tasks performed from the vessel's navigating bridge. The configuration of workstations and consoles shall provide a workplace for rational and user-friendly location of equipment, with the aim of: facilitating the tasks to be performed by the bridge team in making full appraisal of the situation and in navigating the vessel safely under all operational conditions promoting effective and safe bridge resource management enabling the bridge team to have convenient and continuous access to essential information allowing for expeditious, continuous and effective information processing and decision making by the bridge team preventing or minimizing excessive or unnecessary work and any condition or distraction on the bridge which may cause fatigue or interfere with the vigilance of the bridge team. Functions related to naval and military operations, e.g. the operation of weapons and weapon systems, shall not be in conflict with the safe performance of the main tasks listed above, if performed from the navigating bridge. Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 10

11 A functional workstation designed in accordance with the established overall operational and ergonomic requirements shall provide: a sufficient area for performance of the tasks to be carried out by the number of people that may be required to attend consoles designed for operations at specific workplaces in standing and seated position equipment to be installed within reach (see Figure 1) from the working position clear view through bridge windows without obstructions from seated position chairs based on applied ergonomics for efficient use of installed equipment and maintenance of field of vision at workstations where chairs are required. Figure 1 Within reach Within reach from a seated position is defined as within mm and within 800 mm for frequently used equipment. Within reach from a standing position is defined as within 800 mm in the forward direction and within mm in sideways directions All information, controls, facilities and field of vision required to carry out each of the tasks safely and efficiently shall be provided at the corresponding workstations. Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 11

12 2.2.2 Arrangement of navigational systems and equipment Instruments, instrument panels and controls shall be permanently mounted in consoles or other appropriate places, taking into account operation, maintenance and environmental conditions. However, this shall not prevent the use of new control or display techniques, provided the facilities offered are not inferior to recognized standards All instruments shall be logically grouped according to their functions. In order to reduce the risk of confusion to a minimum, instruments shall not be rationalized by sharing functions or by inter-switching Instruments required for use by any member of the bridge team shall be plainly visible and easily read: with minimum practicable deviation from his normal sitting position and line of vision; and with the minimum risk of confusion under all likely operating conditions Instruments essential for the safe operation of the vessel shall be clearly marked with any limitation if this information is not otherwise clearly presented to the navigators Instruments and displays providing visual information to more than one person shall be located for easy viewing by all users concurrently. If this is not possible, the instrument or display shall be duplicated Console configuration Consoles shall principally be divided into two areas: a vertical (slanting) part for location of information displays to be easily readable (see Figure 2) a horizontal part (desktop) for controls, switches and buttons to be within easy reach from the working position. Figure 2 Easily readable Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 12

13 The height of console desktops at the workplaces for navigation, manoeuvring, traffic surveillance and monitoring shall enable easy use of equipment required for safe performance of the tasks to be performed from both standing and sitting position, see Figure 3. To provide a functional reach from standing position, the height of console desktops above bridge deck surface should be 800 mm and not less than 750 mm. The sitting height is governed by the elbow height in relation to console desktop. To provide a functional reach of equipment and easy operation of controls from sitting position, the elbow height of the operator should preferably be 50 mm higher than the console desktop and not less than the height of the desktop. To provide the elbow height required for persons of different size and build in relation to the console desktop, it should be possible to adjust the height of the seat. It should be possible to adjust chair armrests accordingly, if installed, and to fold the armrests away, ref. [ ]. Figure 3 The console in front of a seated working position shall provide sufficient leg room The leg room (L) should have a depth of 450 mm and not less than required for a person sitting at a working position 350 mm from the console (chair backrest 440 mm from the edge of the console, requiring a leg room depth of at least 230 mm.) Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 13

14 The top of the consoles forming the front workstations shall not be higher than required for efficient use in standing position and shall not obstruct the field of vision over the lower edge windows in front of the workstation from sitting position, see Figure 4. The console height above the deck surface should not exceed mm. This console height may be accepted for installation at a distance of 350 mm or more from the window, also if it interferes with the line of sight from an eye height of mm, providing the height of the chair can be adjusted to compensate for the interference. Figure 4 Console height See Figure 6 for eye heights at standing position Consoles within the required field of vision aft of the front workstation consoles shall not obstruct the horizontal line of sight from the sitting eye height. The height of the consoles should be 100 mm lower than the horizontal line of sight from a seated position and should not exceed mm. If printers, or other equipment, are installed on top of the console, the total height should not exceed the prescribed mm Chairs When a chair is installed at a workplace for operations in both standing and seated position, it shall be fastened to rails allowing movement of the seat to enable easy reach of equipment when seated and sufficient room to stand in front of the console when the chair is pushed back/aside. It shall be possible to adjust the height of the seat to suit users of different heights for optimum view and reaching distance. Armrests, if provided, shall be of fold away type and preferably adjustable in height. Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 14

15 The seat height of the chair should be adjustable from 550 to 670 mm above the deck surface. A movement in fore-aft direction should allow the front edge of the seat to be positioned at the edge of the front console and to allow a free space of at least 700 mm between the chair and console when moved in aft direction. Armrests should preferably be adjustable from 185 and 295 mm above the seat if installed Additional workstations Workstations for additional functions which shall be used by the watch officer, shall provide the field of vision required to maintain efficient look-out (see [2.4.3] for vessel built to fulfil SOLAS requirements and [2.5.3] for vessels built to fulfil HSC Code requirements) and enable monitoring of the vessel s heading and rudder angle The location of a workstation for additional functions regarded essential for safe operation of the vessel and to be used by other personnel than the watch officer shall not in any way influence the performance of primary bridge functions Workstations for additional functions not essential to the safe operation of the vessel, its engines, weapons and sensors, or furniture arranged for meetings or relaxation inside the wheelhouse shall not be installed within the area of the navigating bridge or within field of vision outside this area, which are required for traffic surveillance from workstations. If such workstation or furniture arrangement is installed close to these areas, the use of it shall not in any way influence the performance of primary bridge functions, either by use of light, noise disturbance or visual distraction. Ref. IMO Res. A.708(17). 2.3 Bridge configuration General requirements On vessels of unconventional design which, in the opinion of the administration, cannot comply with this sub-section, arrangements shall be provided to achieve a level of visibility that is as near as practical to that prescribed. A vessel of a special design, dictated by the special purpose and function of the vessel, may be regarded as a vessel of unconventional design (e.g. stealth vessels). The Society will take into consideration the special nature of the vessel, its service and trade when evaluating the effects an exemption may have upon the safe navigation of the vessel, the safety of all other vessels and the environment Field of vision It shall be possible to observe all objects of interest for the navigation such as ships and lighthouses, in any direction by providing a horizontal field of vision to the horizon of 360 within the confines of the bridge. It should be possible to obtain the view of 360 from the bridge by using not more than two positions, one on each side of the workstation for navigating and manoeuvring. Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 15

16 When practicable and where it is considered necessary by the Society, the field of vision from the workstation for navigating and manoeuvring shall permit the navigators from this position to utilize leading marks astern of the vessel for track monitoring. The horizontal field of vision from the workstation for navigating and manoeuvring should extend over an arc from dead astern to at least 5 on each side. No blind sectors should occur within the required field of vision higher than mm above the bridge deck surface. An adequate optical device or camera may be accepted for the purpose of achieving the required field of vision astern The workstation for navigating and manoeuvring and the main conning position shall provide a field of vision enabling maintenance of visual traffic surveillance, extending over a forward arc of not less than 225, that it is from right ahead to 22.5 abaft the beam on either side. See Figure 5. Figure 5 Field of vision from the workstation for navigating and manoeuvring and the main conning position All workstations to be used by the officer of the watch should provide a forward field of vision of 225, see Figure 5. A blind sector covering the view abaft the beam on port side may be accepted for workstations to be used infrequently by the watch officer for short periods at a time and for workstations to be used by assisting officers Workstations for monitoring, navigating and manoeuvring shall provide the required field of vision from a seated working position and shall not be located directly behind large masts, cranes etc. which obstruct the view right ahead from the workstation The lower and upper edge of windows shall not present an obstruction to the view forward of the bow seen from a seated as well as a standing position at the workstations for monitoring, navigating and manoeuvring. The height of the lower edge of windows above the floor surface should not exceed mm within the required field of vision and the height of the upper edge should be at least mm. Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 16

17 The upper edge of the front windows shall allow a forward view of the horizon for a person with a height of eye of mm at the navigating and manoeuvring workstation when the vessel is pitching in heavy seas. If mm height of eye is considered unreasonable and impractical, a reduction of the height may be accepted, but not to less than mm. A vertical angle of view of not less than 5 above a horizontal line from a standing eye height of mm should be provided according to Figure 6. Figure 6 Eye heights at standing position With front windows at an angle of 15, a vertical angle of view of 5 from an eye height of mm may be provided at a distance of mm from the front bulkhead, allowing for a passageway of mm in front of workstation consoles. As a point of reference, the standing eye height of a 95 th percentile Northern European or North American male is approximately mm and stature of the same 95 th percentile is approximately mm. Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 17

18 2.3.3 Blind sectors Blind sectors caused by deck equipment, weapon systems, divisions between windows and other obstructions appearing in the required field of vision of 225, shall be as few and as small as possible, and in no way hamper a safe lookout from the workstations for navigating and manoeuvring and monitoring. The total arc of blind sectors within this field of vision shall not exceed 30. To help reducing the size of internal blind sectors caused by bridge wing bulwarks and divisions between windows in bridge wing bulkheads, such bulwarks and bulkheads should be located in a line of sight seen from the working position at the front workstations. See Figure 7 and Figure 12. Figure 7 Front bulkhead of bridge wing in line of sight from the workstation Over an arc from dead ahead to at least 10 on each side of the bow, the total blind sector shall not exceed 5. Elsewhere, each individual blind sector within the required field of vision shall not exceed The clear sector between two blind sectors shall be at least 5 and not less than the size of the broadest blind sector on either side of the clear sector. In order to comply with the requirements to field of vision from the main workstations in [ ] (Figure 5), requiring a field of vision of 225 and not less than 22.5 abaft the beam, a clear sector should extend from 22.5 abaft the beam and forward on either side of the vessel Clear view through windows Windows shall meet the following requirements: 1) Bridge windows shall be angled to reduce unwanted reflections. To help avoid reflections, the bridge front windows should be inclined from the vertical plane top out, at an angle of not less than 10 and not more than 25. The rear and side windows should be inclined from the vertical plane top out, at an angle of 4 ~5 to help avoid reflections. Vessels of unconventional design (see [ ]), e.g. Stealth vessels, that, according to the administration, is not suitable to be fitted with angled windows might be exempted from this requirement if the arrangement of light sources meets the requirements of [ ], and also all other unwanted reflections, such as sun reflection on navigational displays, are avoided without inclination of the windows. 2) Divisions between windows shall be kept to a minimum and not be placed in front of any workstation, for example the radars. If stiffeners between windows shall be covered, this shall not cause further obstruction of the field of vision from any position inside the wheelhouse. Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 18

19 The division between windowpanes, especially within the required field of vision, should not exceed 150 mm. If stiffeners are used, divisions should not exceed 100 mm in width and 120 mm in depth. The width of windowpanes within the field of vision required for traffic surveillance should not be less than mm in order to limit the number of stiffeners. 3) Polarized and tinted windows shall not be fitted. 4) To enable visual observations through windows to be maintained under all weather conditions, all windows within the required field of vision from the working position at workstations to be used by bridge personnel, including pilots, shall provide a clear view regardless of weather conditions. The following means should be installed to provide a clear view through windows: sun-screens of roller blind type heavy duty blade type wipers and fresh water window washing efficient de-icing and de-misting systems. Technical systems installed should comply with ISO Marine electric window wipers. A catwalk or other means to help maintenance of window wipers and manual cleaning of bridge front windows should be provided The windows shall be made of material which will not break into dangerous fragments if fractured. 2.4 Requirements specific for SOLAS vessels General This sub section gives specific requirements for naval vessels to demonstrate a safety level for Safety of Navigation according to The International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), Chapter V (Safety of Navigation) as amended Bridge configuration Workstations for performance of primary bridge functions including conning position for pilotage shall be provided for: navigating and manoeuvring (and traffic surveillance) monitoring manual steering docking (preferably on bridge wings when practical) planning (of voyage, routes, vessel operations) safety (monitoring and emergency operations) communication (internal and external) conning (pilot), see also Guidance note of [ ]. The workstation for monitoring may be combined with: a workplace for navigation (route monitoring /position-fixing) when the workstation for navigating and manoeuvring provides individual workplaces for traffic surveillance and navigation (chart work) a backup workstation for navigation and a conning position, enabling navigation, traffic surveillance and manoeuvring at one workplace. The workstation(s) for docking may be combined with the workstation(s) for navigating and manoeuvring and traffic surveillance. Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 19

20 Additional workstations may be arranged for performance of other functions than those related to primary bridge functions when relevant. The main types of additional bridge workstations may be divided into three distinct categories based on purpose and functions and whether they should be operated by the watch officer or not: A and B. a) Workstations for functions regarded essential to the safe operation of the vessel, its engines and systems: 1) to be monitored and controlled by the watch officer 2) to be used by other personnel than the watch officer. b) Workstations for functions not regarded essential to safe operation of the vessel and to be used by other personnel than the watch officer, but located on the bridge for practical reasons. The type of tasks to be performed at the individual workstation and the operating procedures employed may conclude whether a workstation of category A should be of type a) or b). Workstations of category A, type a) are not supposed to include tasks that may prevent the officer in charge of primary bridge functions to leave a workstation for additional functions instantly at any time during operations. See also [2.2.5] The workstations for primary bridge functions shall be arranged to serve their functions under all operating conditions and different manning of the bridge and provide the field of vision required for visual observations and easy cooperation between bridge personnel, promoting effective and safe bridge resource management Workstations for navigating and manoeuvring, including traffic surveillance and monitoring shall be arranged within an area spacious enough for two persons to carry out the tasks in close cooperation, but sufficiently close together to enable the watch officer to control and safely carry out all the tasks from one working area under normal operating conditions. The workstation for navigating and manoeuvring should be arranged to allow an assisting officer to carry out route monitoring. The task would include position-fixing and chart work, as well as course adjustments when ordered. This assistance would allow the officer in charge to concentrate on traffic situations and adjustment of course and speed to avoid danger of collision and as required to follow the route. The workplaces should be adjacent to enable easy communication and cooperation when two navigators operate the workstation, and to provide the watch officer with a workstation for safe and efficient performance of all the tasks when he is the only navigator on the bridge and should use both the workplace for route monitoring/position-fixing and the workplace for traffic surveillance/manoeuvring Workplaces for performance of navigation, traffic surveillance and monitoring shall be arranged for working in standing as well as seated position with optimum field of vision Workstation arrangement and field of vision From the conning position and the workstation for navigating and manoeuvring, the view of the sea surface forward of the bow to 10 on either side under any ballast or cargo condition shall not be obscured by more than 2 vessel lengths (2 x LOA) or 500 metres, whichever is the less. See Figure 8. Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 20

21 Figure 8 View of the sea surface (drawing is not in scale) For calculation purposes the applied loading condition of the vessels should be a worst case condition (with respect to view of the sea surface forward of the bow) recommended for ocean passages The workstation for manual steering shall preferably be located on the vessel's centre line and shall not interfere with the functions to be performed by the officer of the watch. The steering position shall provide a forward field of vision not less than 60 to each side. If large masts, cranes, etc., obstruct the view in front of the workstation, the workstation shall be located some distance to starboard of the centre line, sufficiently to obtain a clear view ahead. See Figure 9. Figure 9 Field of vision from the workstation for manual steering When the workstation for manual steering is located off centre, or the bow of the vessel cannot be seen from the steering position, special steering references (sighting marks) shall be installed forward of the steering position. The steering references shall be installed in line parallel to the vessel s centre line for use by day and by night The vessel s side shall be visible from the bridge wing. Equipment for docking operations from the bridge wings, or a workstation console if installed, shall be located to enable visual observations required for safe manoeuvring of the vessel, monitoring of tug and mooring operations and shall provide a field of vision from not less than 45 on opposite bow to right astern from the working position as shown in Figure 10. Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 21

22 Figure 10 Wings - Field of vision from the workstation for docking when provided at the bridge To fulfil the requirement of [ ] the bridge wing should extend to the maximum beam of the vessel. For low freeboard vessel, the vessel s side may be visible from the bridge wing even if the bridge wing does not extend to the maximum beam of the vessel. For other types of vessels where the bridge wings does not fully extend to the maximum beam of the vessel or, where no bridge wings are provided, alternative solutions (e.g. near hull monitoring systems such as CCTV) making the vessel s side visible from the bridge may be accepted The main conning position shall be located close to the front centre window to provide a commanding external view, including a view of the sea surface sufficiently close to both sides of the vessel s bow for safe directing of the steering in narrow canals and buoy lanes. The position for the conning station may be met by the workstation for monitoring/backup navigation when located sufficiently close to the forward centre window provided the workstation is installed in addition to a complete workstation for navigation, traffic surveillance and manoeuvring and therefore not required by the vessel s personnel during pilotage (See Guidance note of [ ]) It shall be possible to watch the area in front of the bridge superstructure from the wheelhouse see Figure 11 and Figure 12. There should be a close approach access to at least one front window providing the view of the area in front of the bridge superstructure. The figure below shows the principles for bridge layout with front workstations arranged for operations in seated and standing position and with bridge wing bulkheads in line of sight from the working positions. Close approach access to front windows is maintained. A bridge area which may be regarded outside the navigating bridge and the sectors of required field of vision from workstations are indicated. Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 22

23 Figure 11 Location of workstations and required fields of vision (Position-fixing in paper charts - Passageway and conning position in front.) Figure 12 Required field of vision from the workstation for radio communication and safety operations when to be controlled and infrequently used for short periods of time by the watch officer (Navigation based on electronic chart system (ECDIS/WECDIS) - Conning position at console.) Note to Figure12: Location of ECDIS/WECDIS at the workstation for navigating and manoeuvring (incl. traffic surveillance) enables position-fixing at this position and makes the area a complete workstation (WS) for the navigation function and manoeuvring. This leaves the workstation for navigation backup/monitoring available for conning when installed at the front bulkhead. Close approach access to front windows is maintained. Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 23

24 2.4.4 Arrangement of navigational systems and equipment The type and number of navigational systems and equipment to be carried shall at least incorporate the items specified in [4], and shall be installed at the various workstations with the aim of: facilitating the tasks to be performed by the bridge team in making full appraisal of the situation and in navigating the vessel safely under all operational conditions enabling the bridge team to have convenient and continuous access to essential information that is presented in a clear and unambiguous manner, using standardized symbols and coding systems for controls and displays indicating the operational status of automated functions and integrated components, systems and/or subsystems minimizing the risk of human error and detecting such error if it occurs through monitoring and alarm systems, in time for the bridge team to take appropriate action. The relative location of individual equipment and their placement in relation to the distance from the working position of the user are governed by: type and range of equipment to be installed equipment relationship with tasks to be performed at the various workstations importance of equipment functions and frequency of use workstation and console configurations size of equipment and space available for installation Other means than those specified in [4] may be permitted, provided they serve the same functions and are approved in accordance with [4.1.3] The workstation for navigating and manoeuvring shall have working positions for position-fixing, manoeuvring and traffic surveillance as close as possible for efficient use by the officer of the watch, but also enabling the tasks to be performed by two navigators in close cooperation. The working position for operating the radar with collision avoidance functions should be regarded the main working position at this workstation. Controls for course and speed adjustments should be located within reach from this position to enable collision avoidance manoeuvres without losing view of the traffic, and means for position-monitoring/-fixing should be readily available The location of equipment at the workstations (see also [ ]) for navigating, manoeuvring, traffic surveillance and monitoring shall enable easy use of all controls, switches and buttons from standing position and easy use of primary means for route monitoring, traffic surveillance, heading and speed adjustments, internal and external communication, including the vessel s whistle and change of steering mode, from seated position. Work in paper charts and manoeuvring requiring the use of lateral thrusters may be performed in standing position only, but controls for thruster systems shall be grouped with controls for propulsion and manual steering. The position for operation of radars and the position at the centre console for harbour manoeuvres are regarded the main working positions at the workstation for navigating and manoeuvring. Figure 13 indicates location of main categories of equipment that should be within reach from the front workstation comprising three workplaces. Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 24

25 Figure 13 Example of principle location of main equipment in a centre console which includes manoeuvring functions The following working positions are identified in the figure: 1) working position for position fixing 2) working position for operation of radar 3) working position for manoeuvring. Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 25

26 2.4.5 Passageways and clear deck head heights Bridge passageways shall facilitate the expected movement of the bridge team between individual workstations, bridge entrances, exits and windows in carrying out the bridge tasks safely and effectively, including the maintenance of equipment A clear route across the wheelhouse, from bridge wing to bridge wing enabling two persons to pass each other, shall be provided. The width of the passageway should be mm and not less than 700 mm at any single point of obstruction The distance between separate workstation areas shall be sufficient to allow unobstructed passage for persons not working at the stations. The width of such passageways should not be less than 700 mm, including persons sitting or standing at their workstations The distance from the bridge front bulkhead, or from any console and installation placed against the front bulkhead to any console or installation placed away from the bridge front, shall be sufficient for one person to pass a stationary person. Where there is a passageway between the front bulkhead and front workstation consoles, its width should preferably be mm and not be less than 800 mm. When the front workstation is placed against the front bulkhead, the guidelines of [ ] may be applicable or [ ] if there is a passageway providing a clear route from bridge wing to bridge wing aft of the workstation The distance between bridge wing consoles and bulkheads shall be as little as possible for easy operation of controls from both a position behind and beside the console giving optimum view of the vessel s side and the mooring operations. If the bridge wing console is not mounted against the bulkhead, the distance shall be wide enough for one person to pass between the console and the bulkhead. The width of the passageway should be 600 mm The clear deck head height in the wheelhouse shall take into account the installation of deck head panels and instruments as well as the height of door openings required for easy entrance to the wheelhouse. The following clear heights for unobstructed passage shall be provided: a) The clear height between the bridge deck surface covering and the underside of the deck head covering shall be at least mm. b) The lower edge of deck head-mounted equipment in open areas and passageways, as well as the upper edge of door openings to bridge wings and other open deck areas shall be at least mm above the deck. c) The height of entrances and doors to the wheelhouse from adjacent passageways shall not be less than mm. Rules for classification: Ships DNVGL-RU-SHIP-Pt6Ch10. Edition October 2015, amended January 2016 Page 26