INSTRUCTION: This section consists of FOUR (4) questions. Answer ALL questions. ARAHAN: Bahagian ini mengandungi EMPAT (4) soalan. Jawab SEMUA soalan.

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1 INSTRUCTION: This section consists of FOUR (4) questions. Answer ALL questions. ARAHAN: Bahagian ini mengandungi EMPAT (4) soalan. Jawab SEMUA soalan. QUESTION 1 SOALAN 1 (a) Define the gauge pressure, atmospheric pressure and absolute pressure. Takrifkan Tekanan Tolok, Tekanan Atmosfera dan Tekanan Mutlak. [6 marks] (b) A Bourdon pressure gauge attached to a boiler located at sea level shows a reading pressure of 10 bar. If atmospheric pressure is 1.01 bar, determine :- Satu tolok tekanan Bourdon disambungkan ke sebuah dandang yang terletak di paras laut menunjukkan bacaan tekanan 10 bar. Jika tekanan atmosfera adalah 1.01 bar, tentukan: - i. The absolute pressure in kn/m 2 Tekanan mutlak dalam kn/m 2 ii. The pressure head of water, h Tekanan di dalam ungkapan turus air, h [9 marks] [9 markah] (c) A reservoir contains of 6000 liter of oil weighing N. Calculate ; Sebuah takungan mengandungi sebanyak 6000 liter minyak seberat N. Kirakan ; i. Mass density of oil, Ketumpatan jisim,, ii. Specific weight of oil, Berat tentu, iii. Specific gravity of oil, S Graviti tentu, S [10 marks] [10 markah] 2 SULIT

2 QUESTION 2 SOALAN 2 (a) State a basic equation based on the relationship between depth and pressure also sketch the related diagram involve. Nyatakan formula asas bagi hubungkait antara kedalaman dan tekanan bagi cecair serta lakarkan gambarajah yang berkaitan. [5 marks] [5 markah] (b) (i) A force, F of 650N was applied to the smaller cylinder of a hydraulic jack as shows in Figure 2(b). The area, a of small piston is 15 cm 2 while the area, A of a larger piston is 230 cm 2. What is the mass that can be lifted by the larger piston. Satu daya, F = 650N telah dikenakan ke atas bicu hidraulik pada bahagian selinder kecil seperti Rajah 2(b). Luas permukaan omboh kecil, a = 15cm 2 manakala luas permukaan omboh besar, A = 230cm 2. Berapakah nilai jisim yang boleh diangkat oleh omboh besar. W ` a A ` Figure2(b) Rajah 2(b) [6marks] 3 SULIT

3 (ii) Then the small piston was pressed 0.7m below the larger piston. Determine a new load that can be lifted by the larger piston. Kemudian omboh kecil tersebut telah ditekan 0.7m ke bawah dari omboh besar. Tentukan berat baru yang boleh diangkat oleh omboh besar tersebut. [6 marks] (c) A differential manometer connected at two points A and B as show in Figure 2(c). At point A, the pressure is 13 KN/m 2. Calculate the pressure at point B. Given ρ water = 1000 kg/m 3 Manometer beza telah disambungkan pada dua titik A dan B seperti Rajah 2(c). Tekanan pada titik A ialah 13 KN/m 2. Kirakan tekanan pada titik B, diberi ketumpatan air,ρ water = 1000 kg/m 3. water Oil ( S=0.85) 150 mm 550 mm 250 mm X y Mercury (S =13.6) Figure 2(c) Rajah 2(c) [8marks] [8 markah] 4 SULIT

4 QUESTION 3 SOALAN 3 (a) State SIX (6) assumptions about fluid flow. Nyatakan ENAM (6) andaian tentang aliran bendalir. [6 marks] (b) A venture meter is used to measure the water flow in a pipe with the diameter of 26 mm and value of discharge coefficient (C d ) is Determine the throat diameter of the venture meter when the quantity of water flowing in the pipe is liter/s with a differential pressure head of 91 mm water to read at monometer tube. Sebuah meter venturi digunakan untuk mengukur aliran air di dalam paip dengan diameter 26 mm dan nilai pekali kadar alir (C d ) ialah Tentukan diameter leher venturi meter apabila kuantiti aliran di dalam paip ialah liter/s dengan perbezaan turus tekanan yang dibaca pada tiub manometer ialah 91 mm air. [10 marks] [10 markah] (c) Water flows through the horizontal branching pipe shown in Figure S3(c). If viscous effects are negligible, determine; Aliran air melalui paip bercabang mendatar seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah S3(c). Jika kesan kelikatan diabaikan, tentukan; Figure S3 (c) Rajah S3 (c) 5 SULIT

5 i) The water speed at section (2) Kelajuan air pada seksyen (2) [3 marks] [3 markah] ii) The pressure at section (3) and the Tekanan pada seksyen (3) dan [3 marks] [3 markah] iii) Flow rate at section (4). Kadar aliran di seksyen (4). [3marks] [3 markah] 6 SULIT

6 QUESTION 4 SOALAN 4 CLO 1 a) According to the Figure 4a list out the losses of head which occur, giving an expression for each. Berdasarkan Rajah 4a senaraikan kehilangan turus dan nyatakan kehilangan dalam bentuk terbitan. Figure 4a Rajah 4a [4 marks] [4 markah] CLO 1 b) A pipe carrying 1800 l/min of water increases suddenly from 10 cm to 15 cm diameter. Determine the head loss due to the sudden enlargement. Sebatang paip mengalirkan air 1800 l/min mengalami perubahan diameter dari 10 cm kepada 15cm. Tentukan kehilangan disebabkan oleh pembesaran mendadak.. [10 marks] [10 markah] 7 SULIT

7 CLO 1 c) Two tanks filled with water connected by serial pipe AB and BC. AB pipe has a diameter of 10cm and length 200m. BC pipe with diameter 6cm and is 150m. The flow rate of water entering the pipe is 0.007m 3 /s and coefficient of contraction is If energy losses because of the shock loss at sudden contraction and friction only, calculate level difference of the two tanks. Given f=0.04 for both pipes. Dua buah tangki yang bersambung dengan dua batang paip yang bersiri. Paip AB berdiameter 10cm paip yang panjangnya 200m. Paip BC berdiameter 6cm dan panjangnya 150m. Kadaralir yang masuk ke dalam paip adalah 0.007m 3 /s dan pekali pengecilan ialah Jika kehilangan tenaga disebabkan oleh pengecilan mendadak. Kirakan perbezaan ketinggian tangki. Diberi f=0.04 untuk kedua-dua paip. [11 marks] [11 markah] SOALAN TAMAT 8 SULIT

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