Safety at Unsignalized Intersections. Unsignalized Intersections

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1 Safety at

2 FHWA Safety Focus Areas 2

3 National Statistics 3

4 National Statistics There were 41,059 highway fatalities in Where did they occur? Non-Intersections 79% About half of all crashes and half of all injury crashes occur at intersections. Intersections 21% 4

5 Intersection Fatalities There were 8,657 intersection fatalities in Where did they occur? 6,000 5,232 39% in rural areas 5,000 4,000 61% in urban areas Fatalities 3,000 2,000 1, ,472 1, Arterial Collector Local Unknown 5

6 Intersection Fatalities 6

7 Intersection Safety Guidance NCHRP Report 500 Volume 5 Guide sheets Safety Strategies brochure 7

8 Right angle Rear end Left turn Sideswipe Pedestrian/bicycle Typical Intersection Crash Types 8

9 Crash Reduction Factors Quantitative results from research or other studies Expected reduction in crashes from implementation of a specific countermeasure 9

10 Angle Crashes Account for 53% of fatal crashes at unsignalized intersections Potential countermeasures: Clear sight triangles Improve awareness of intersection Apply access management Improve turn lane design Construct roundabouts Construct acceleration lanes Close/relocate intersections Reduce/eliminate skew Post appropriate speed limits Targeted enforcement 10

11 Clear Sight Triangles 11

12 Improve Awareness of Intersection Double Warning Signs Oversize Signs 12

13 Improve Awareness of Intersection Splitter Island Supplemental Beacons 13

14 Improve Awareness of Intersection Provide Lighting Install Rumble Strips 14

15 Apply Access Management Right-in/Right-Out Channelization 15

16 Improve Turn Lane Design Offset Right Turn Lane 16

17 Construct Roundabouts 17

18 Construct Left-Turn Acceleration Lanes Acceleration Lane Through Lanes 18

19 Close / Relocate Intersection 19

20 Reduce/Eliminate Skew New alignment New alignment 20

21 Post Appropriate Speed Limits on Approaches 21

22 Targeted Enforcement Speed violations Stop violations 22

23 Rear End Crashes Account for 6% of fatal crashes at unsignalized intersections Potential countermeasures: Install turn lanes Supplemental overhead signing Provide shoulder bypass lanes Provide pavement markings Provide right-turn acceleration lanes Construct roundabouts* Provide left-turn acceleration lanes* Provide lighting* Post appropriate speed limits* Improve intersection awareness* * Discussed previously 23

24 Install Turn Lanes Left turn lanes Right turn lanes 24

25 Supplemental Overhead Signing 25

26 Provide Shoulder Bypass Lanes 26

27 Provide Pavement Markings 27

28 Provide Right-Turn Acceleration Lanes 28

29 Left Turn Crashes Account for 8% of fatal crashes at unsignalized intersections Potential countermeasures: Improve turn lane design Implement turn restrictions Use indirect left turn treatments Provide lighting* Clear sight triangles* Provide left turn acceleration lanes* Construct roundabouts* Close/relocate high-risk intersections* * Discussed previously 29

30 Improve Turn Lane Design 30

31 Improve Turn Lane Design 31

32 Implement Turn Restrictions 32

33 Use Indirect Left Turn Treatments 33

34 Sideswipe Crashes Account for 2% of fatal crashes at unsignalized intersections Potential countermeasures: Install pavement markings Provide lane assignment signing or marking Provide right-turn acceleration lanes* * Discussed previously 34

35 Provide Striping in Median Area 35

36 Lane Assignment Signing/Marking 36

37 Pedestrian/Bicycle Crashes Account for 14% of fatal crashes at unsignalized intersection crashes Potential countermeasures: Improve pedestrian/bicycle facilities Provide traffic calming Information and education 37

38 Improve Pedestrian/Bicycle Facilities Advance crossing warning Continuous/Setback Sidewalks 38

39 Provide Traffic Calming Neighborhood circles Pedestrian bulb-outs 39

40 Information and Education Web sites In school programs Printed material Radio and TV Community outreach Speed trailers 40

41 For More Information AASHTO Report 500 Series Volume 5 Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices Toolbox on Intersection Safety and Design FHWA Office of Safety 41

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