New Diplotriaenid Nematode from the body cavity o f ( Linnaeus ).

Reprinted /yom K A S H M IR SC IE N C E, Vo). H (1-2) : 125-131, 1965. New Diplotriaenid Nematode from the body cavity o f ( Linnaeus ). D. N. FOTEDAR & LALITA KAW FACULTY OF SCIENCE Jammu & Kashmir University, Amar Singh Bagh, Srinagar KASHMIR, INDIA. BlCCa's STtnag^T.

New Diplotriaenid Nematode from the body cavity o f.<4cnwo^7*as' ( Linnaeus). D. N. FOTEDAR & LALITA KAW Post-G^duatg Department o_f Zooiogy, J. K. fjntnersity, SfinagaT, Kashmir. Three Hlarid worms, two males and one female, belonging to the genus RaiHiet and Henry, 1909, were recovered from the body cavity o f common in Jammu (J & K State). These worms were found to have morphological peculiarities which distinguish them from known species o f the genus and are herein described as a new species. Filarioidea (Weinland, 1858) Stiles, 1907. Diplotriaenidae Andersen,1958. Diplotriaeninae Skrjabin, 1916. RaiHiet and Henry, 1909. /)//V,Or7?/yl7?,Y,l RL-CA'AEf/ N. SP. Ma^.* ( two specimens ) The two male worms are 63.45 and 60.33 mm. in length and 0.75 and 0.68 mm* in maximum breadth. Four submedian and two lateral papillae are present at the anterior end. The mouth is simple and without any lips. It leads into the oesophagus which is divided into an anterior short and muscular region and a posterior long and glandular region. Total length o f the oesophagus is 7.2 and 6.97 mm. The two chitinous tridents are present at the anterior end o f the muscular oesophagus. Each arm of the trident measures 0.18-0.21 mm. in length. The nerve ring is located 0.375 mm. from anterior end. The junction o f the oesophagus and the intestine is marked by a slight constriction. The spicules are unequal and dissimilar. The left spicule is longer than the right one and measures 2.775 and 2.685 mm. in length in the two specimens. It is more or less straight and gradually tapering distauy, The right spicule is alate and spirally twisted. It measures 0.615 and 0.575 mm. in the two specimens. At the proximal broad end the two sides o f the right spicule are bent inwards to form a longitudinal groove. The tail is short and rounded, measuring 0.105 mm. in length. O f the four well developed papillae two are pre-cloacal and two post-cloacal. Both the male specimens have also a large number o f small body papillae which are arranged in 5-7 irregular

D. N. F O T E D A R & L A L I T A K A W rows in the posterior third o f body. These papillae become gradually smaller and indistinct towards the anterior end. ( One specimen ) The female worm is 76.83 mm. in length and 0.12 mm. in maximum breadth. Total length of the oesophagus is 8.6 mm. The nerve ring ii 0.39 mm. from anterior end. The arms of the tridents are 0.23-0.24 mm. in length. The vulva is located 0.56 mm. from anterior end. The vagina runs posteriorly and continued into two parallel uteri, The uteri are filled with embryonated eggs which are 0.037-0.04 x 0 03-0.04 mm. in size. Large number o f small body papillae are arranged roughly in 5-7 irregular rows in posterior third o f the worm. As observed in the male specimens, these papillae become indistinct in the anterior region. n. sp. Figs.! & 2. Male candal end, lateral view. Fig. 3. Embryonated egg. 126

NEW D IP L O T R IA E N ID N E M A T O D E FROM ACRfOOTHERES TR/SIYS n. sp. Fig. 4. Part o f body showing papillae. ( Photomicrograph ). SYSTEMATIC POSITION Yamaguti ( 1961 ) raised a new order Filariidea under which he included two families for filaridsofbirds,filariidae Glaus, 1885 and Dipetalonematidae Wehr, 1935. Among other subfamilies under Filariidae, Yamaguti placed Diplotriaeninae for the three genera, Wehr, 1939, Railliet and Henry, 1909 and Walton, 1927- Anderson ( 1958 ) proposed a new family Diplotriaenidae. Chabaud and Anderson ( 1959) in their revised classification of Filarioidea, included two subfamilies, Diptotriaeninae Skrjabin, 1916 and Dicheilonematinae Wehr, 1935 under Diplotriaenidae, differentiating the two subfamilies among other characters in the presence and absence o f tridents. Only two genera, and are included under Diplotriaeninae, placing as a synonym o f the latter genus. 127

D.N. F O T E D A R & L A L I T A K A W Lopez-Neyra ( 1956) divided the genus into two groups, and on the basis o f the ratio o f spicule length and body length of females. In the former group are included those species o f the genus which have 80-100 mm. long females and their males with widely uneqnal spicules, one spicule being twice or more as long as the other. The latter group includes the remaining species o f the genus with their females less than 100 mm. in length and males with spicules not widely unequal, one spicule being less than twice as long as the other. Lopez-Neyra further divides the group into two subgroups on the basis o f the division of the oesophagus into distinct or indistinct two parts The present form o f accordingly falls under the group The said generic subdivision o f is found to be useful for the identification and the comparison of its large number of species. Slight modification is however essential in the range o f female body length in the two groups. In some o f the species like D. MA'ca Singh, 1962 and D. ( Fedtschenko, 1874) Senrat, 1915, the female body length does not come within the range imited for the two groups. In the former species the females are 149-160 mm. in length but the spicules are not widely unequal, being 1.394 and 0.819 mm. Similarly in the latter species, the spicules are widely unequal but the female length varies from 40-200 mm. ^ DISCUSSION The distinguishing features of the present form of D^/o^'a^na are : 'Male caudal end rounded with 2 pre-cloacal and 2 post.cloacal papillae; spicules dissimilar and unequal, the left spicule being straight and more than 4 times as long as the right spicule which is alate, coiled and proximally broader; female not widely apart in length from male; both male and female with numerous body papillae, arranged roughly in 5-7 irregular rows in posterior third o f length.' The present form is closer to D. /w M /w (Fedtschenko, 1874) Seurat, 1915 (and its synonym D. a(ym?c^rm Karve, 1934) in having unequal and dissimilar spicules but differs in the shape o f male caudal end, number o f cloacal papillae, relative size-ratio of male and female and in having body papillae in both the sexes. From Z). Karve, 1934, redescribed by Mirza and Farooqi in 1959, and recorded from the present form again resembles in the shape and relative size of spicules, but differs widely in having pre-and post cloacal papillae in male and distinct body papillae in both the sexes, in the shape o f tridents, length o f male tail and size ratio o f male and female. From D. ^Aawo^nj^ (Parona. 1889 ), described from /l^fazo^jar (* a^ow^'m in Burma and doubtfully regarded as a synonym o f D. by Baytis ( 1939 ), the present form differs in the relative size o f spicules and eggs, size-ratio o f two sexes and in having body papillae. From D. Mrow.iw (Maplestone 1931) described from L^rocwa yyawo^n'.s', the Yellow-billed blue magpie and D. (Map)estone, 193! ) and D. (Maple:tone, 1931) Baylis, 1939, both described from PyrrAocorax j^rraoforax, the Red-billed chough, the present form is again found to be distinct in having body papillae and in the position o f male caudal papillae and the relative size o f spicules. D.?<?w:'.s'.sw further differs in not having spirally twisted right spicule. 128

N EW D IP L O T R IA E N ID N E M A T O D E FRO M ACRfDOTHERES r R /S 7*7S From the three species o f described by Singh ( 1962). D. from 7). from ^*oo^a^/*a f J and D. from the present form is closer to D. M<^:ca but differs from it in the number and position o f mate caudal papihae, size ratio o f two spicules, shape o f mate caudal end and in the presence o f body papihae. The remaining three species o f from Indian region, D. D. and D. described by Mojumdar and Chakravarty ( 1963) from and fw/ra respectively, are found to differ from the present new form in the number o f mate caudal papihae, nature o f tridents, size-ratio o f two sexes and eggs and in the absence o f any body paqillae. From D. and D. the present form further differs in the size- ratio of the two spicules. Among the remaining species o f reported from outside India, the present form is nearer to D. Hoeppti and Hsii, 1929, D. (Rud.,!8 1 9), D. Wehr, 1934, D. Yamaguti, 1941, D. Johnston and Mawson, 1940, D. Walton, 1927, D. Canavan, 1931, D. Seibert, 1944, and G. Schuurmans- Stokhoven, 1952 in having more or less a wider ratio in their spicule length but differs from all these species in one or the other characters the position and the number o f male caudal papihae, body papihae, egg-size, relative length of male and female, length o f oesophagus and the spicules. In view o f the above observations the present form is considered here to constitute a new species o f for which the name D. is proposed. Host : Location : Locality : Type : Body cavity. Jammu (J & K State-India). Deposited in the Helminthological Laboratory ( Collection No. N 17A), P. G. Deptt. o f Zoology, J & K. University, Srinagar, Kashmir. SUM M ARY n. sp. is described from common myna, in Jammu (J&K State-India). It is distinguished from the known species of the genus in having body papillae, arranged in 5-7 irregular rows inv both the sexes, two pairs o f large caudal papillae in male with right spicule more than 4 times as long as the left one. REFERENCES Anderson, R. C., 1958.- "O n the classification o f Filarioidea with special reference to the Filariidae and the Stephanofilariidae.".S'oc. France. 83: 144-159. 129

D. N.F O T E D A R & L A L IT A K A W Baylis, H. A., 1939.- Chabaud, A. G. &, Anderson, R. C., 1959*- Karve, J. N., 1934.- Lopez-Neyra, C. R., 1956.- Majumdar, G. & Chakravarty, G. K., 1963.- Maplestone, P. A., 1931.- + Mazhar, A. K., 1933.- The Fauna o f British India including Ceylon and Burma. Vol. II. ( Filarioidea, Dictophymoidea and Trichinelloidea ). Taylor & Francis, London. 274 pp. "Nouvel essai des classification des Filaires (superfamille des Filarioidea). II..<4w:. Par&nf. comp., 34 ( 1-2) : 64-87. ''Tw o new species o f the genus parasitic in the common Indian Myna, y. 2, pt. 5 : 75-81. "Revision de la superfarnilia Filarioidea ( Wein]and, 1858 )." Para.f:/., 16 : 3.225 "New nematodes from birds. Part. I " 23 ( 1) : 1-10. "Parasitic nematodes obtained from animals dying in the Calcutta Zoological gardens." pt. 4-8, ^3 ( 2 ) : 71-171. "O n some parasitic nematodes o f Aligarh District." P%ra.n'/M. 6 : 269-272. Mirza, M. B., & Faiooqi, H. U., 1959.- " A redescription o f Karve, (Nematoda-Filarioidea)." Proc. 12 ( 1) : 23 25..S'o<^'. Seibert, H. C., 1944.- Singh, K. S., 1962.- Skrjabin, K. I., Schikhobalova, N. P. & Sobolev, A. A., 1949-* Skijabin, K. I., & Schikhobalova, N. P., 1948.- "Notes on the genus with the description o f a new species." Trany. AfwM.,S'or. 63 ( 3 ) : 244-253. "Parasitological survey o f Kumaun region. Part I. On three new specids o f the genus Railliet and Henry 1909 ( Diplotriaeninae : Filariidae : Nematoda ) from birds from Mukteswar." ZncKan 14 (1 ) : 16-23. Spirurata and Filariata. In K. I. Skrjabin. Descriptive Catalogue of Parasitic Nematodes. (Russian text). Vol. I, 519 pp. Moscow. Filariae of animals and Man. ( Russion text). 608 pp. Moscow. 130

NEW D IP L O T R IA E N ID N E M A T O D E FROM ACRIDOTHERES TRLSTfS Walton, A. C., Yamaguti, S., Yamaguti, S.. Yorke, W., & Maptestone, P. A. 1927.- " A Review o f the Nematodes o f the Leidy Collection." Prof..Aa?. PA:7f!. 79 : 49-163. 1955.- "Studies on helminth Fauna o f Japan. Part 12. Avain nematodes. I." y. ^oo/. 6 (2): 403-431. 1961.- Systema Helminthum. Vol. III. The Nematodes o f Vertebrates. Parts 1 & 2. 1125 pp. Interscience Pub. Inc. New York, London. The Nematode Parasites o f Vertebrates. 1926.- 536 pp. London.

Studies on some trematode parasites of common mallard duck in Kashmir. D. N. FOTEDAR & L. K. KAW Post-Graduate Department of Zootcgy, J & K University, Srinagar, Kashmir, ( tndia ). Rtprintfd From. PART III (ABSTRACTS) OF THE PRCEEDINGS OF THE 53rd SESSION OF THE INDIAN SCIENCE CONGRESS CHANDIGARH, 1965-66. Bf oca's Press, Srinagar.

61A. Studies on some trematode parasites of common mallard duck in Kashmir. D. N. FOTEDAR & L. K. KAW, Srinagar, Eleven specimens were collected from ten mallard ducks near Sopore in Kashmir. Seven specimens were shot in Ningal, found to belong to the genus Diesing, 1839 and lour specimens to EcAMoj^oma Rudolph i, 1809, and assigned to jv. a/^m a^ (Rud., 1809) Kossack, 1911 and E. (Frohlich, 1902) Looss, 1899 respectively. Both these species are recorded here lor the first time in Kashmir and are redescribed in the paper in view o f several morphological peculiarities. Revised diagnosis of the two species is also given. In maximum number o f 21 ventral glands are recorded in the lateral rows and 16 in the central row. The glands in the testicular region are found to be larger. Species o f with approximately the same number o f ventral glands are compared with the present specimens. Slight variation is recorded in the position of genital pore, being located at or immediately in front or behind the intestinal bifurcation. Specific diagnosis o f jy. a^nma^m is amended and several species o f the genus considered to fall as its synonyms. A brief review of the previous work pertaining to these species is also given in the paper. Present four specimens o f EcAMo^oma have relatively small body size. The number o f head spines varies from 25 to 30. In other characters, the present specimens agree with the known description o f E. The present specimens are also compared with eleven other species o f EcAnM^owa out of which seven speies are regarded as synonyms o f E.

P. 459 24 On a new species of the nematode genus AcMayia Bremser, 1 8H, from common warbler in Kashmir D. N. F O TEDAR and L A L IT A K A W, Srinagar. Attract: Three male specimens belonging to the genus were obtained under the horny layer of the gizzard of a common warber (P/ry.'fo^copMA yp.) shot in the University Campus. The specimens have non-recurrent and non-anastomosing cucicular cordons which extend posteriorly to the end of the first quarter of body length. The spicules are subequal and bear notched distal ends. The caudal end bears 10 pairs of pedunculate papillae of which 3 pairs are pre- ctoacal, 1 pair cloacal and 6 pairs post-cloacal The caudal alae are very well developed in the pre-cloacal region behind which the alae are markedly narrow and extend to the caudal tip. W hen compared to the existing species of the geuns. the present form is found to be a distinct species and the name.actmria p/n???oscope: is proposed. p. 460 Measurements (in mm.) of the new species are as under: Length 7.185-8.265 Max. breadth 0.105 0.12 Pharynx 0 03 0 032 M uscular oesophagus 1.2 1.32 Tail 0 3-0.3 3 Rt. spicule 0.15 L eft spicule 0.18 0.21 Head end to cordon 1.95 2.25

On a new species of the nematode genus AcMarta Bremsef, 1811, from comnon warbter in Kashmir. D. N. F O T E D A R & LALLTA KAW Post-Graduate Department of Zoology. <7. c3s K.S r in a g g r, Xgprtnfgd ffom: Proceedings of the 55th Session of the Indian Science Congress, Varanasi, January, 1968, Part HI (Abstracts), pp. 459-460