KBA Profile: Kodaiyar and Pazhayar rivers National Site Name Kodaiyar and Pazhayar rivers English Name KBA delineation Focal area delineation Site description Management required at catchment scale Management required at focal area within catchment Catchment No. The endemic fish are found throughout the Pazhayar and Kodaiyar rivers, and the two endemic shrimp species do not require focal areas The Kodaiyar and Pazhayar rivers are at the very south of the Indian Peninsular, draining southwards from the southern tip of the Western Ghats into the Indian Ocean. The Pazhayar river connects a series of natural ponds throughout its catchment, the majority of the catchment is urban and agricultural areas, with the very upper reaches covered in forest and plantation. The Kodiyar river originates in the Neyyer Wildlife Sanctuary (Kerala) and the Kalakad and Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve (Tamil Nadu). Yes no KBA Trigger Species Group Species Criterion1 Criterion2 Criterion3 Notes Fishes Hyporhamphus xanthopterus VU 8414.933908 NA Fishes Puntius arenatus VU 13802.26318 NA Fishes Puntius rohani VU 970.2060214 NA Endemic to KBA Odonata Esme mudiensis NA 21199.4574 NA Plants Anaphalis leptophylla VU NA NA Plants Murdannia lanceolata VU 5082.758215 NA Shrimps Macrobrachium indicum NA 1492.498405 NA Endemic to KBA
Fishes Monopterus fossorius EN 18181.75102 NA Odonata Euphaea cardinalis NA 22114.31401 NA Odonata Platysticta deccanensis VU 29167.59293 NA Odonata Protosticta davenporti NA 17361.03282 NA Odonata Protosticta rufostigma NA 8144.388313 NA Plants Indotristicha tirunelveliana NA 757.2424761 NA Shrimps Caridina mathiassi NA 757.2424761 NA Endemic to KBA Fishes Channa diplogramma VU 10632.57541 NA Odonata Chlorogomphus xanthoptera VU NA NA Protected Areas Overlap with KBA Name Designation Desig. Type Status PA Management Focus Kalakad Sanctuary National Designated No freshwater biodiversity management Mundanthurai Sanctuary National Designated No freshwater biodiversity management Neyyar Sanctuary National Designated No freshwater biodiversity management Western Ghats World Heritage Site International Inscribed No freshwater biodiversity management Suchindram IBA ADD - No freshwater biodiversity management Potential KBA Stakeholders* SPKCES Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Environmental Science, MS University, Alwarkurichi Department for Aquatic Biology, Kerala University Tamil Nadu Forest Department
Kerala Forest Department ATREE Robert Grubh Dileep Daniels Zoological Survey of India, Southern Regional Station KBA Freshwater Habitats 5.1 Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks(includes waterfalls) 5.2 Seasonal/Intermittent/Irregular Rivers/Streams/Creeks 5.3 Shrub Dominated Wetlands 5.4 Bogs Marshes Swamps Fens Peatlands[generally over 8ha] 5.5 Permanent Freshwater Lakes(over 8ha) 5.7 Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools(under 8ha) 5.8 Seasonal/Intermittent Freshwater Marshes/Pools(under 8ha) 5.18 Karst and Other Subterranean Inland Aquatic Systems 9.10 Estuaries Threats to KBA Threats (IUCN Classification Scheme) Notes 1.1 Housing & urban areas 1.2 Commercial & industrial areas 1.3 Tourism & recreation areas
2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops 2.4 Marine & freshwater aquaculture 3.2 Mining & quarrying Granite quarrying (to make artificial sand & gravel) 5.4 Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources Aquarium trade (Puntius rohani) 8.1 Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases Fishes 9.1 Domestic & urban waste water 9.2 Industrial & military effluents 9.3 Agricultural & forestry effluents 9.4 Garbage & solid waste Conservation actions for KBA Conservation actions (IUCN Classification Scheme) In place Needed Notes 2.1 Site/area management Yes Plantations where the endemic shrimp (Caridina mathiassi) is found. Wider catchment management for the fishes 2.2 Invasive/problematic species control Yes For fishes and aquatic plants 3.1 Species management Yes Harvest management for Puntius rohani 4.1 Formal education Yes All stakeholders 4.2 Training Yes All stakeholders 4.3 Awareness & communications Yes All stakeholders 5.2 Policies and regulations Yes Aquarium trade 5.3 Private sector standards & codes Yes Artificial sand making, aquarium trade 5.4 Compliance and enforcement Yes Implementation of Wetland (Conservation and Management) Act 2010
& Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1974. Food Security Used for food security Score Notes 1. Subsistence Optional/alternative 1 Essential staple 1 Emergency 0 2. Commercial Local 1 Regional 0 National 0 3.Migrant fishers 0 Notes Other Other biodiversity The rare fern Tactaria zeylanica and the mayfly Povella taprobanes are found in the KBA. Also the fish Haludaria afasciata, is endemic to the KBA but is not yet assessed on the IUCN Red List. There are a number of threatened birds present in the KBA Protected areas overview References 1. Devi, K.R., Indra, T.J. and Knight, J.D.M. 2010. Puntius rohani (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), a new species of barb in the Puntius filamentosus group from the southern Western Ghats of India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 2(9): 1121-1129. 2. Jayaram, K. C. 1990. Two new species of the genus Puntius Hamilton (Pisces: Cyprinidae) from India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 87: 106-109. 3. Raghavan, R., Dahanukar, N., Tlusty, M., Rhyne, A., Krishna Kumar, K., Molur, S. and Rosser, A.M. 2013.
Uncovering an obscure trade: threatened freshwater fishes and the aquarium pet markets. Biological Conservation 164: 158-169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2013.04.019. Acknowledgments Dahanukar, N., Jayachandran, K.V., Irudayaraj, V., Iyer, P., Katwate, U., Krutha, S.K., Molur, S., Pati, S.K., Pragatheesh, A. Raghavan, R., Rehel, S.M., Sivaramakrishnan, K.G. and Subbramanian, K.A. * Potential KBA stakeholders have not been contacted in any official capacity nor have they endorsed the KBA they are a list of potential stakeholders to inform any organisation or individual who may want to undertake conservation activities on freshwater biodiversity in this KBA