STATISTICS

DGAGRI-G2 23 Novembre 2017 W O R K I N G D O C U M E N T Horticultural Products FLOWERS AND ORNAMENTAL PLANTS STATISTICS 2006-2016 This statistical document has been prepared by Unit G.2 of DG AGRI, in order to stimulate discussion at the Civil Dialogue Group - Flowers and Ornamental Plants. It is a mere working document. The European Commission does not accept any responsibility in respect of the exactness of given data.

TABLE OF CONTENTS STATISTICS 2006-2016 DGAGRI-G2 23 Novembre 2017 1. PRODUCTION Table 1.1.a Production of flowers and plants in the EU (in million euros, current prices) Graph 1.1.a Production of flowers and plants in the EU (in million euros, current prices) Table 1.1.b Production of flowers and plants in the EU (in million euros, constant prices 2005=100) Graph 1.1.b Production of flowers and plants in the EU (in million euros, constant prices) Graph 1.2a Production of flowers and plants by Member State (in million euros, current prices) Graph 1.2b Production of flowers and plants by Member State (in million euros, constant prices) Graph 1.3 Production of flowers and plants: share by Member State Table 1.2 World production of flowers and pot plants (in million euros) - Source AIPH/Union Fleurs Graph 1.4 World production of flowers and pot plants: share by area/country - Source AIPH/Union Fleurs 2. LAND AREA Table 2.1 Land area of flowers, ornamental plants and nursery plants in the EU (in thousand hectares) Graph 2.1a Land area of flowers, ornamental plants and nursery plants in the EU (in 1000 ha) Graph 2.1b Land area of flowers, ornamental plants and nursery plants in the EU (in 1000 ha) Graph 2.2 Land area of flowers, ornamental plants and nursery plants by Member State (in 1000 hectares) Graph 2.3 Land area of flowers, ornamental plants and nursery plants: share by Member State in 2013 3. HOLDINGS Table 3.1 Number of holdings in the EU by category (available data until 2010) (3 pages) Graph 3.1 Evolution of the number of holdings in the EU by category 4. TRADE with third countries Tab. 4.4 Graph 4.14 Tab. 4.5 Graph 4.15 Graph 4.16 Graph 4.17 Graph 4.18 Graph 4.19 Graph 4.20 Tab. 4.6 Graph 4.21a Graph 4.21b Graph 4.22a Graph 4.22b Graph 4.23 Graph 4.24 Graph 4.25 Graph 4.26 Tab. 4.7 Graph 4.27 Tab. 4.8 Graph 4.28a Graph 4.28b Trade balance of live plants and products of floriculture in the EU by category (in thousand euros) Trade balance of live plants and products of floriculture in the EU by category (in thousand euros) Import of live plants and products of floriculture by Country (in thousand euros) Import of live plants and products of floriculture by Country (in thousand euros) Import of live plants and products of floriculture by Country (in thousand euros) Import of cut flowers (in thousand euros) Import of potted plants (in thousand euros) Import of conifers and hardy perennial plants (in thousand euros) Import of bulbs and corms (in thousand euros) Export of live plants and products of floriculture by Country (in thousand euros) Export of live plants and products of floriculture by category (in thousand euros) Export of live plants and products of floriculture by category (in %; based on value) Total Exports by Country of destination (in thousand euros) Total Exports by Country of destination (in thousand euros) Export of cut flowers (in thousand euros) Export of potted plants (in thousand euros) Export of conifers and hardy perennial plants (in thousand euros) Export of bulbs and corms (in thousand euros) Main EU exporters to Third Countries (in tonnes) Total export by Member State (in tonnes) Main EU exporters to Third Countries (in thousand euros) Total export by Member State (in thousand euros) Export of cut flowers to third countries by Member State (in thousand euros) 5. TRADE inside EU (intra-trade) Tab. 5.1 EU28 exporters to other EU28 (in thousand euros) Graph 5.1.a Export IntraEU28 by category (value in 1000 Graph 5.1.b Export IntraEU28 by category (value in 1000 Tab. 5.2 EU28 importers from other EU28 (in thousand euros) Graph 5.2 Import IntraEU28 by category (value in 1000 6. TRADE - Fresh Cut Flowers - Tab. 6.1 Import of fresh cut flowers (number of pieces) Graph 6.1 Import of fresh cut flowers from third countries (number of pieces) Tab. 6.2 Export of fresh cut flowers (number of pieces) Graph 6.2 Export of fresh cut flowers to third countries (number of pieces) Tab. 6.3 Export intra-eu28 of fresh cut flowers (number of pieces) Graph 6.3 Export intra-eu28 of fresh cut flowers to third countries (number of pieces)

Tab 1.1.a EU production of flowers and plants (in millions euros, at current prices) Member State 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2016 vs 2015 share in 2016 NL 5 770 6 208 6 083 5 903 6 284 6 215 6 193 6 403 6 457 6 592 6 789 3,0% 33,6% IT 2 981 3 099 3 206 2 932 2 907 2 814 2 731 2 613 2 586 2 487 2 450-1,5% 12,1% DE 2 638 2 680 2 673 2 580 2 517 3 381 2 312 2 165 1 972 1 893 1 893 0,0% 9,4% FR 2 193 2 118 2 176 2 176 2 255 2 441 2 556 2 470 2 765 2 954 2 984 1,0% 14,8% ES 1 093 1 791 2 145 2 165 2 219 1 981 1 789 1 955 2 001 2 068 1 951-5,7% 9,7% UK 1 081 1 122 1 028 986 1 162 1 283 1 409 1 402 1 447 1 582 1 256-20,6% 6,2% BE 557 541 531 558 569 565 583 514 513 497 481-3,3% 2,4% DK 470 500 505 474 479 511 487 473 460 434 422-2,8% 2,1% PT 472 473 494 508 496 495 464 470 444 476 457-4,0% 2,3% AT 261 275 281 289 291 311 311 307 326 335 356 6,3% 1,8% SE 156 169 164 162 185 217 252 237 222 231 233 0,9% 1,2% RO 151 116 137 86 386 152 224 179 117 96 73-23,9% 0,4% PL 98 138 158 103 132 171 182 169 127 142 136-4,1% 0,7% CZ 104 107 135 132 141 148 146 142 131 125 135 7,6% 0,7% EL 177 162 155 130 114 114 103 106 107 77 76-0,8% 0,4% FI 128 135 136 139 134 131 139 115 113 114 88-22,9% 0,4% HU 81 113 117 93 110 142 129 110 141 142 142 0,6% 0,7% HR 242 246 245 230 207 167 125 107 107 102 107 4,4% 0,5% SI 27 25 26 31 23 22 25 29 30 38 38 0,4% 0,2% CY 15 21 21 18 19 23 23 18 14 11 14 22,4% 0,1% SK 12 13 14 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15-0,1% 0,1% LT 9 9 8 5 4 5 6 6 7 23 23 0,2% 0,1% LV 14 10 8 9 13 14 12 13 14 7 7-5,0% 0,0% EE 5 7 6 4 3 3 2 3 3 10 10-1,6% 0,0% LU 3 5 4 5 3 3 3 3 4 3 4 9,2% 0,0% MT 2 2 2 3 1 2 2 3 2 2 3 15,6% 0,0% BG 46 42 110 17 12 1 4 18 13 5 9 95,6% 0,0% IE 0 0 0 0 53 57 51 52 54 57 57 UE-28 18 786 20 128 20 568 19 753 20 734 21 384 20 280 20 094 20 191 20 521 20 209-1,5% 100,0% UE-15 (OMS) 17 980 19 278 19 581 19 006 19 667 20 518 19 385 19 283 19 470 19 802 19 497-1,5% 96,5% UE-13 (NMS) 806 849 987 747 1 067 866 895 811 721 719 712-1,0% 3,5% Source : EUROSTAT([aact_eaa01] code 04200) - extraction 28/09/2016. Data for IE for 2006-2009 are not available 2015: provisional / estimated data ) AGRI G2 estimate

Millions euros Graph 1.1.a Production of flowers and plants in the EU (based on production values at producer prices, current prices) 24 000 22 000 20 000 18 786 20 128 20 568 19 753 20 734 21 384 20 280 20 094 20 191 20 521 20 209 18 000 UE-28 16 000 14 000 UE-15 (OMS) 12 000 10 000 UE-13 (NMS) 8 000 6 000 4 000 2 000 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Source: EUROSTAT

Tab 1.1.b EU production of flowers and plants, including Christmas trees (in millions euros, constant prices 2005=100) Member State 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2016 vs 2015 share in 2016 Netherlands 5 526 5 533 5 565 5 499 5 547 5 435 5 379 5 350 5 404 5 409 5 403-0,1% 29,1% Italy 3 069 3 107 3 113 2 886 2 820 2 809 2 700 2 619 2 598 2 546 2 525-0,8% 13,6% Germany 2 626 2 626 2 626 2 393 2 287 2 208 1 764 2 162 2 206 2 344 2 344 0,0% 12,6% France 2 148 2 115 2 104 2 064 2 153 2 276 2 314 2 194 2 530 2 516 2 516 0,0% 13,6% Spain 1 202 1 887 2 282 1 925 2 035 2 190 1 954 1 932 1 989 1 989 1 989 0,0% 10,7% United Kingdom 1 013 1 055 1 067 959 995 966 962 971 968 968 872-10,0% 4,7% Belgium 734 763 780 806 777 816 814 809 805 801 769-4,0% 4,1% Portugal 462 446 462 474 460 451 426 428 405 427 399-6,6% 2,2% Denmark 464 473 442 386 387 409 405 397 401 401 409 2,0% 2,2% Austria 254 257 258 258 253 247 237 219 240 246 246 0,0% 1,3% Sweden 174 187 184 194 203 227 255 237 246 244 249 2,2% 1,3% Romania 130 86 101 75 379 137 213 193 133 126 93-26,0% 0,5% Greece 155 159 152 149 128 112 109 90 89 89 89 0,2% 0,5% Hungary 84 106 108 95 107 139 125 107 143 146 146 0,0% 0,8% Finland 128 136 130 130 126 104 113 88 85 86 68-21,2% 0,4% Czech Republic 93 86 95 95 97 100 98 68 65 60 66 9,5% 0,4% Poland 73 78 89 83 84 90 93 87 75 81 81 0,0% 0,4% Slovenia 28 24 24 28 26 25 27 29 31 30 29-3,4% 0,2% Cyprus 14 18 16 13 13 15 15 7 5 7 6-2,0% 0,0% Lithuania 14 10 8 9 13 14 12 13 14 23 23 0,0% 0,1% Slovakia 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12-0,1% 0,1% Latvia 9 7 7 5 4 4 4 4 5 5 5-2,9% 0,0% Estonia 5 7 6 4 3 3 2 2 2 6 6-0,5% 0,0% Luxembourg 3 5 4 5 3 3 3 3 4 3 4 9,2% 0,0% Bulgaria 72 57 109 22 13 4 20 73 44 16 31 94,6% 0,2% Malta 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20,0% 0,0% Croatia 232 192 195 199 175 150 120 109 113 101 101 0,0% 0,5% Ireland 51 57 56 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 UE-28 18 723 19 485 19 992 18 823 19 154 19 001 18 228 18 260 18 665 18 737 18 537-1,1% 100,0% UE-15 (OMS) 17 958 18 802 19 224 18 184 18 229 18 308 17 489 17 556 18 025 18 124 17 937-1,0% 96,8% UE-13 (NMS) 766 683 768 639 925 693 739 704 641 613 600-2,2% 3,2% Source : EUROSTAT([aact_eaa03] code 04200) - extraction 17/10/2017. All data are EUROSTAT estimates

Millions euros Graph 1.1.b Production of flowers and plants in the EU (based on production values at producer prices, constant prices 2005=100) 24 000 22 000 20 000 18.723 19.485 19.992 18.823 19.154 19.001 18.228 18.260 18.665 18.737 18.537 18 000 16 000 14 000 UE-28 12 000 10 000 8 000 6 000 4 000 UE-15 (OMS) UE-13 (NMS) 2 000 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Source: EUROSTAT - all data "Eurostat estimates"

Millions euros 7 000 Graph 1.2a Production of flowers and plants in the EU (based on production values at producer prices, current prices) 6 000 5 000 4 000 3 000 NL IT DE FR ES UK BE 2 000 1 000 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Source: EUROSTAT

Millions euros 7 000 Graph 1.2b Production of flowers and plants in the EU (based on production values at producer prices, constant prices) Netherlands 6 000 Germany 5 000 Italy 4 000 France 3 000 Spain 2 000 United Kingdom 1 000 Belgium 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Source: EUROSTAT

Tab 1.2 World production of flowers and potted plants (in million euro) Country/Area 2016* share EU 11 000 31,0% China 6 598 18,6% USA 4 434 12,5% Japan 2 688 7,6% Brazil 1 770 5,0% Colombia 1 186 3,3% Canada 889 2,5% Ecuador 725 2,0% Kenya 610 1,7% Others 5 600 15,8% TOTAL 35 500 100,0% * or most recent available year Source : AIPH (International Association of Horticultural Producers)/Union Fleurs (International Floricultural Trade Association)

Graph 1.3 Production: share by Member State in 2016 (based on production values at producer prices, current prices) BE 2% OTHERS 12% UK 6% NL 34% ES 10% FR 15% DE 9% IT 12% Source: EUROSTAT - provisional / estimated data

Graph 1.4 Production: share of value by Country/Area in 2016 Canada 3% Colombia 3% Kenya 2% Ecuador 2% Brazil 5% Japan 8% Others 16% USA 12% EU 31% China 19% Source: AIPH (International Association of Horticultural Producers)/Union Fleurs (International Floricultural Trade Association )

Tab 2.1 Land area of flowers, ornamental plants and nursery plants in the EU (in thousand hectares) Definitions (EUROSTAT) for the next two tables : T.2.1a and T2.1b and the corresponding graphs.

Tab 2.1a Main area of flowers, ornamental plants and nursery plants in the EU (in thousand hectares) Crop statistics (from 2000 onwards) [apro_acs_a]; L0000 MA Last update 23.10.17 Extracted on 27.10.17 Source of data Eurostat; Agri estimations LANDUSE Nurseries 19,3 GEO/TIME 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2016/2015 de Germany 22,7 21,7 21,2 20,9 20,7 20,2 20,9 20,7 21,2 20,7 20,8 19,9 19,3-3,0% es Spain #N/A #N/A #N/A 15,6 #N/A #N/A 19,2 19,3 19,6 20,0 23,1 21,2 22,8 7,7% nl Netherlands 12,4 13,3 14,2 14,9 15,5 15,8 17,4 17,7 17,6 17,5 17,5 18,2 17,8-2,4% fr France 19,0 18,6 18,4 18,3 18,3 18,4 18,3 15,3 15,3 15,0 15,1 15,0 15,1 0,4% pl Poland #N/A 10,8 7,5 11,7 13,7 13,3 #N/A 10,5 11,0 11,8 17,0 16,3 16,3 hu Hungary 8,8 8,9 8,4 10,6 13,2 12,8 11,4 8,7 8,7 7,5 7,0 6,3 6,3 uk United Kingdom 14,8 #N/A #N/A 7,0 7,0 5,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 0,0% bg Bulgaria #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A 3,0 #N/A 2,1 3,3 3,7 1,9 2,0 2,2 cz Czech Republic #N/A 0,5 0,8 #N/A 0,4 0,4 0,4 1,7 1,9 1,7 1,9 2,2 at Austria 2,0 2,0 2,5 2,5 2,0 2,0 2,0 1,8 1,8 1,8 2,3 2,3 el Greece 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5 0,6 0,6 0,7 be Belgium 4,5 4,6 4,7 4,7 4,8 5,0 1,5 1,4 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,2 1,3 6,6% pt Portugal 1,3 1,6 1,6 1,1 1,1 1,0 1,0 1,0 1,0 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,2 lt Lithuania 0,2 0,5 0,3 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 si Slovenia 0,2 #N/A 0,3 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,3 0,3 0,3 sk Slovakia #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,3 0,3 0,4 0,4 hr Croatia 0,5 0,3 0,3 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,4 0,4 0,3 0,2 0,2 0,3 ro Romania 1,4 1,1 1,1 0,7 0,3 0,2 0,8 0,2 0,2 0,5 0,4 0,3 lu Luxembourg 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 mt Malta - - - - - - - - - - - - - dk Denmark #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A 1,2 1,1 2,3 2,0 ee Estonia 0,3 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,4 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,2 0,2 0,2 ie Ireland #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A 0,2 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3 it Italy 21,7 20,2 #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A 27,8 24,2 cy Cyprus 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 lv Latvia #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A - : 0,3 fi Finland #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A - - : : - - se Sweden 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 #N/A #N/A 1,8 1,7 0,5 0,5 LANDUSE Flowers and ornamental plants (excluding nurseries) Crop statistics (from 2000 onwards) [apro_acs_a]; N0000 MA GEO/TIME 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2016/2015 de Germany 6,7 6,4 6,8 7,0 6,6 6,2 8,4 8,4 7,6 7,7 7,3 7,5 7,3-2,7% es Spain 2,7 1,7 2,4 3,0 3,0 4,2 6,7 6,5 7,0 7,0 7,1 6,3 6,4 2,2% nl Netherlands 27,4 26,8 27,7 27,5 28,1 27,4 26,2 27,1 26,2 26,2 26,3 27,6 32,6 18,1% fr France 7,9 7,8 7,9 7,9 7,8 8,8 8,1 8,5 9,1 9,0 8,8 8,8 8,9 0,6% pl Poland 7,5 2,8 3,3 2,7 1,7 2,6 3,8 3,3 3,3 3,4 3,5 3,5 4,9 40,0% hu Hungary 1,4 1,4 1,1 0,4 1,5 0,9 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,5 0,6 0,6 0,5-6,9% uk United Kingdom #N/A #N/A #N/A 6,0 6,0 5,0 5,0 5,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 6,0 0,0% bg Bulgaria 4,8 4,2 3,8 3,6 3,3 #N/A - 2,0 cz Czech Republic 1,3 1,1 1,3 1,9 1,4 1,1 1,3 0,6 0,7 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3-6,3% at Austria 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,0% el Greece 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 be Belgium 1,1 1,1 1,0 1,0 1,0 0,9 5,0 4,9 5,3 5,2 5,1 5,4 5,3-1,3% pt Portugal 1,5 1,6 1,7 1,8 1,9 1,8 2,1 2,3 2,6 2,9 2,9 2,9 3,5 21,1% lt Lithuania - 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,2 25,0% si Slovenia 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 80,0% sk Slovakia 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,3 0,3 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,3 0,2 0,1 0,2 0,1-22,2% hr Croatia 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,4 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,0% ro Romania 0,2 0,2 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,2 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,4 0,4 0,5 23,8% lu Luxembourg - - - - - - - - - - - - 0,0 mt Malta 0,1 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 33,3% dk Denmark 0,1 0,1 0,1 2,3 2,5 1,8 1,9 1,9 1,9 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3 0,0% ee Estonia - - - 0,1 #N/A - - - - : - - 0,0 ie Ireland 1,3 1,3 #N/A #N/A 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 5,9% it Italy 8,7 8,0 #N/A 4,3 4,3 #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A 9,4 8,9 cy Cyprus 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,1-18,8% lv Latvia 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1-0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,0% fi Finland 0,1 - - - - #N/A #N/A - - : : - - se Sweden 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,4 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,0% Extracted: 27.10.2017

Thousand hectares Land use - Flowers and ornamental plants (excluding nurseries) 35 Netherlands 30 France 25 Germany 20 Spain Italy 15 Poland 10 United Kingdom 5 Bulgaria 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Thousand hectares Land use - Nurseries 30 Italy 25 Germany 20 Spain 15 Netherlands France 10 Poland 5 Hungary United Kingdom 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Tab 2.1b Land area of flowers, ornamental plants and nursery plants in the EU (in 1000 hectares) Member State 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2016 vs 2015 share in 2016 Germany 28,0 27,9 27,3 26,4 29,2 29,1 28,8 28,4 28,1 27,4 26,6-2,9% 14,3% Spain 18,6 25,9 25,8 26,6 27,0 30,2 27,5 29,3 6,4% 15,7% Netherlands 41,9 42,4 43,6 43,2 43,6 44,7 43,8 43,7 43,8 45,8 50,4 9,9% 27,1% France 26,3 26,2 26,1 27,2 26,4 23,8 24,4 24,0 23,9 23,9 24,0 0,5% 12,9% Poland 10,8 14,4 15,4 15,9 13,8 14,3 15,2 20,5 19,8 21,2 7,1% 11,4% Hungary 9,5 11,0 14,7 13,7 11,9 9,3 9,4 8,0 7,6 6,9 6,9-0,6% 3,7% United Kingdom 13,0 13,0 10,0 11,0 11,0 12,0 12,0 12,0 12,0 12,0 0,0% 6,5% Bulgaria 6,3 2,1 5,3 3,7 1,9 2,0 2,2 0,0-100,0% 0,0% Czech Republic 2,1 1,8 1,5 1,7 2,3 2,6 2,0 2,2 2,5 0,3-88,0% 0,2% Austria 2,7 2,7 2,2 2,2 2,4 2,2 2,2 2,2 2,7 2,6 0,4-86,5% 0,2% Greece 1,9 1,9 1,9 1,9 1,9 1,9 1,9 1,0 1,1 1,1 0,0-100,0% 0,0% Belgium 5,7 5,7 5,8 5,9 6,5 6,3 6,5 6,4 6,3 6,6 6,6 0,2% 3,5% Portugal 3,3 2,9 3,0 2,8 3,1 3,4 3,6 3,1 3,1 3,1 3,7 18,3% 2,0% Lithuania 0,4 0,3 0,3 0,2 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,2-72,2% 0,1% Slovenia 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4 0,1-76,9% 0,0% Slovakia 0,6 0,6 0,6 0,6 0,5 0,5 0,6 0,1-76,3% 0,1% Croatia 0,4 0,3 0,7 0,9 0,7 0,8 0,6 0,5 0,5 0,6 0,3-50,8% 0,2% Romania 1,5 1,0 0,6 0,4 1,1 0,5 0,6 0,9 0,8 0,7 0,5-25,7% 0,3% Luxembourg 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,0-85,7% 0,0% Malta 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 33,3% 0,0% Denmark 1,5 1,4 2,6 2,3-10,5% 1,2% Estonia 0,3 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 #DIV/0! 0,0% Ireland 0,3 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,4 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5-6,0% 0,3% Italy #DIV/0! 0,0% Cyprus 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2-15,8% 0,1% Latvia 0,0% Finland 0,0 0,0 0,0% Sweden 0,9 0,9 0,9 0,9 0,8 1,9 1,9 0,6 0,6 0,3% UE-28 136,4 170,5 164,6 155,2 171,0 182,9 183,6 182,0 190,2 188,2 186,0-1,2% 100,0% UE-15 (OMS) 110,8 142,3 124,2 120,8 151,2 148,7 150,2 151,8 154,9 153,7 156,2 1,6% 81,8% UE-13 (NMS) 25,6 28,1 40,4 34,4 19,8 34,2 33,4 30,2 35,3 34,4 29,8-13,6% 18,2% Source : EUROSTAT (apro_cpp L2810 + L3001, Extraction 07.9.2016) and AGRI/C.2 estimates (!) (from 2000 onwards) [apro_acs_a]

1000 hectares Graph 2.1 Land area of flowers, ornamental plants and nursery plants in the EU UE-28 UE-15 (OMS) 260 UE-13 (NMS) 240 220 200 180 160 140 136,4 170,5 164,6 155,2 142,3 124,2 120,8 182,0 182,9 183,6 171,0 151,2 148,7 150,2 151,8 154,9 190,2 188,2 153,7 186,0 156,2 120 110,8 100 80 60 40 20 25,6 28,1 40,4 34,4 19,8 34,2 33,4 30,2 35,3 34,4 29,8 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Source: EUROSTAT

1000 hectares 60 Graph 2.2 Land area of flowers, ornamental plants and nursery plants in the EU 50 43,7 43,8 45,8 50,4 Netherlands Germany 40 Spain Italy 30 30,2 27,5 28,1 27,4 24,9 France Poland 20 20,5 19,8 United Kingdom Hungary 10 13,8 7,6 6,9 12,0 6,6 Belgium Others 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Source: EUROSTAT, AGRI C2 Estimates NB: contains estimated data

Graph 2.3 Land area of flowers, ornamental plants and nursery plants in the EU share by Member State in 2016 Others 8,5% Italy 0,0% United Kingdom 6,5% Germany 14,3% Hungary 3,7% Poland 11,4% Spain 15,7% France 12,9% Netherlands 27,1% NB: based on estimated data

TRADE Methodology For the purpose of this analysis on trade, four main categories of live plants and products of floriculture have been considered: Cut flowers and cut foliage (roses, carnations, orchids, gladioli, chrysanthemum, foliage cut and other products - CN codes: HS 0603 + HS 0604) Potted plants, bedding and balcony plants and nursery plants (Rhododendrons, azaleas, chrysanthemum, begonia, geranium, impatiens, other potted plants, other bedding and balcony plants CN codes: HS 0602 excluding 06022090,06029010, 06029020, 06029030, 06029041, 06029049) Conifers and hardy perennial plants (conifers, other non-forest nursery products CN codes 06022090, 06029041, 06029049) Bulbs and corms (tulips, hyacinths, orchids, narcissis and others CN code: HS 0601). NB. Not considered: vegetable or strawberry plants, Mushroom spawn - CN codes 06029010, 06029020, 06029030 (These products represent in 2014 an import value of about 20 mio and an export value of about 90 Mio.

Tab. 4.4 Import/Export extra-eu of live plants and products of floriculture (in thousand euros) Import 2016 vs share in 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2015 2016 Cut flowers and cut foliage (78,4%) 1.116.644 1.189.250 1.126.370 1.159.178 1.187.827 1.219.387 1.169.753 1.254.989 1.320.798 1.325.222 0,3% 78,4% Potted plants (15%) 262.208 263.142 251.273 265.614 273.267 259.734 253.785 245.267 261.175 254.169-2,7% 15,0% Conifers and hardy perennial plants (1,5%) 14.868 13.387 13.667 11.653 13.162 13.189 14.235 14.975 16.464 25.599 55,5% 1,5% Bulbs and corms (5%) 67.754 65.186 61.926 70.563 82.914 89.304 85.855 85.370 86.154 84.515-1,9% 5,0% TOTAL 1.461.474 1.530.965 1.453.235 1.507.007 1.557.170 1.581.615 1.523.628 1.600.600 1.684.591 1.689.506 0,3% 100,0% Export 2016 vs share in 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2015 2016 Cut flowers and cut foliage (33,4%) 543.139 541.279 468.454 535.334 579.492 651.615 685.553 662.644 679.992 677.114-0,4% 33,4% Potted plants (27,3%) 446.972 463.827 402.391 462.440 498.414 547.913 550.391 505.640 516.753 552.066 6,8% 27,3% Conifers and hardy perennial plants (12,7%) 127.771 158.030 145.630 188.816 189.133 221.327 241.218 230.392 248.934 257.316 3,4% 12,7% Bulbs and corms (26,6%) 496.249 481.161 443.252 477.351 479.961 499.509 490.897 488.886 537.843 538.990 0,2% 26,6% TOTAL 1.614.130 1.644.297 1.459.727 1.663.941 1.747.000 1.920.364 1.968.060 1.887.562 1.983.522 2.025.486 2,1% 100,0% Trade balance 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2016 vs 2015 Cut flowers and cut foliage - 573.505-647.971-657.915-630.930-615.504-574.438-487.597-592.345-640.805-648.108 1,1% Potted plants 184.764 200.685 151.119 182.400 210.763 274.988 286.520 260.373 255.578 297.897 16,6% Conifers and hardy perennial plants 112.903 144.643 131.963 171.823 169.631 203.542 223.957 215.417 232.470 231.716-0,3% Bulbs and corms 428.494 415.975 381.326 404.462 394.746 408.251 403.013 403.517 451.689 454.475 0,6% TOTAL 152.656 113.332 6.493 127.754 159.637 312.343 425.893 286.962 298.931 335.980 12,4% Source : EUROSTAT COMEXT

thousand euros Graph 4.14 Trade balance of live plants and products of floriculture (in thousand euros) 600.000 500.000 400.000 Cut flowers and cut foliage 300.000 200.000 Potted plants 100.000 - -100.000-200.000 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Conifers and hardy perennial plants Bulbs and corms -300.000-400.000 TOTAL -500.000-600.000-700.000

Thousand euros Graph. 4.15 Imports of live plants and products of floriculture (thousand euros) 1.689.506 1.600.000 1.400.000 1.325.222 TOTAL 1.200.000 1.000.000 800.000 Cut flowers and cut foliage (78,4%) Potted plants (15%) 600.000 400.000 200.000-254.169 84.515 25.599 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Bulbs and corms (5%) Conifers and hardy perennial plants (1,5%)

Graph 4.16 Imports by category (% based on value, value in thousand euro, in 2016) Conifers and hardy perennial plants (1,5%); 25.599 Bulbs and corms (5%); 84.515 Potted plants (15%); 254.169 Cut flowers and cut foliage (78,4%); 1.325.222

Tab. 4.5 Import of live plants and floricuture products by Country (in thousand euros) Total PARTNER/PERIOD 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 share in 2016 2016 vs 2015 Kenya (27,5%) 345.615 405.322 380.805 369.597 406.743 408.915 407.828 438.906 460.466 464.130 27,5% 0,8% Ethiopia (11,1%) 29.100 77.935 103.681 124.926 142.097 157.367 161.771 181.737 190.411 187.026 11,1% -1,8% Ecuador (11,1%) 102.878 132.769 126.808 136.116 143.067 154.608 150.383 170.915 188.262 188.227 11,1% 0,0% Colombia (9,2%) 117.148 121.086 112.800 121.010 113.138 124.765 124.128 147.599 155.345 154.739 9,2% -0,4% Israel (4,9%) 136.660 128.675 125.216 127.346 139.048 107.200 98.405 88.770 84.794 83.091 4,9% -2,0% USA (4,9%) 84.510 82.569 71.729 72.473 74.704 79.596 73.821 65.175 70.870 83.162 4,9% 17,3% Costa Rica (3,4%) 89.765 90.462 80.457 85.212 75.442 74.614 65.990 64.091 66.108 57.701 3,4% -12,7% China (2,6%) 57.274 54.575 51.154 51.597 49.601 47.020 43.231 47.044 50.328 44.608 2,6% -11,4% Uganda (2.8%) 31.075 36.407 38.776 38.155 40.127 43.925 46.544 45.003 47.630 47.554 2,8% -0,2% Others (22%) 377.494 401.166 361.810 380.085 372.613 383.156 350.597 351.290 370.377 379.270 22,4% 2,4% Total 1.371.519 1.530.965 1.453.235 1.506.517 1.556.580 1.581.167 1.522.698 1.600.530 1.684.591 1.689.506 100,0% 0,3% a) Cut flowers and cut foliage PARTNER/PERIOD 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 share in 2016 2016 vs 2015 Kenya (31,9%) 313.850 371.550 345.095 335.047 356.164 374.223 361.558 396.475 411.464 422.626 31,9% 2,7% Ecuador (14,1%) 102.236 131.914 125.782 135.375 142.186 153.919 149.843 170.622 187.262 187.193 14,1% 0,0% Ethiopia (12,7%) 21.902 67.622 90.590 110.392 126.699 140.633 145.862 165.059 173.381 168.691 12,7% -2,7% Colombia (11,6%) 116.908 120.822 112.441 120.338 112.634 124.004 123.489 146.981 154.507 153.765 11,6% -0,5% USA (5,3%) 75.829 74.518 64.374 65.583 65.372 73.226 66.088 58.451 63.912 70.072 5,3% 9,6% Israel (4.3%) 105.322 93.641 92.045 92.173 102.062 71.335 65.211 58.768 57.559 56.985 4,3% -1,0% Costa Rica (2,5%) 57.862 55.161 51.210 51.925 45.737 45.953 38.331 38.383 37.107 33.403 2,5% -10,0% South Africa (2,4%) 27.581 27.268 24.787 29.015 27.139 25.247 26.249 28.700 27.660 31.241 2,4% 12,9% Uganda (2%) 20.484 24.847 25.120 22.719 23.810 25.814 27.954 26.061 27.126 29.807 2,2% 9,9% Others (13,2%) 217.988 221.909 194.926 196.572 185.972 184.921 165.105 165.449 180.819 171.438 12,9% -5,2% Total 1.059.962 1.189.250 1.126.370 1.159.137 1.187.776 1.219.275 1.169.691 1.254.949 1.320.798 1.325.222 100,0% 0,3% b) Potted plants PARTNER/PERIOD 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 share in 2016 2016 vs 2015 Kenya (16,3%) 31.629 33.626 35.491 34.435 50.229 34.339 45.981 42.025 48.825 41.303 16,3% -15,4% Costa Rica (9,5%) 31.645 34.985 28.719 32.860 29.479 28.190 27.311 25.564 28.918 24.215 9,5% -16,3% China (9,4%) 35.393 31.492 29.496 28.283 26.645 26.575 21.729 25.055 27.018 23.973 9,4% -11,3% Israel (8,9%) 27.116 30.390 27.287 30.529 32.010 30.899 28.445 26.075 23.868 22.608 8,9% -5,3% Uganda (8,3%) 10.591 11.557 13.656 15.436 16.316 18.111 18.590 18.942 21.722 21.082 8,3% -2,9% Ethiopia (7,2%) 7.174 10.290 13.086 14.535 15.398 16.711 15.825 16.559 16.956 18.286 7,2% 7,8% Tanzania (5,1%) 7.944 12.379 13.807 14.407 15.587 13.630 13.161 13.686 10.743 12.951 5,1% 20,6% Guatemala (4,3%) 11.310 11.949 9.908 9.856 9.504 10.602 8.942 8.582 9.911 10.979 4,3% 10,8% Others (31%) 63.169 68.191 79.823 85.073 77.914 80.572 73.679 68.747 73.214 78.771 31,0% 7,6% Total 225.971 244.860 251.273 265.413 273.082 259.629 253.662 245.234 261.175 254.169 100,0% -2,7%

c) Conifers and hardy perennial plants PARTNER/PERIOD 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 share in 2016 2016 vs 2015 USA (28,9%) 987 1.347 1.904 795 1.305 1.339 1.608 2.002 1.632 7.409 28,9% 354,0% Turkey (12,8%) 609 177 437 452 291 376 859 981 2.661 3.269 12,8% 22,9% Switzerland (11,9%) 920 1.082 1.215 1.571 1.766 3.279 2.477 2.618 2.572 3.053 11,9% 18,7% For.JRep.Mac (11,2%) 11 3 133 580 1.182 1.084 1.800 2.301 2.859 11,2% 24,3% Morocco (7,4%) 423 1.146 339 615 688 431 172 912 371 1.887 7,4% 408,7% Serbia (7,1%) 386 480 833 605 743 921 890 1.630 1.289 1.813 7,1% 40,7% Japan (3,3%) 1.226 1.616 1.361 1.052 1.212 981 838 518 827 835 3,3% 0,9% Bosnia Herzegovina (3%) 27 73 203 296 1.051 1.115 773 3,0% -30,7% Israel (1,6%) 1.349 1.843 3.356 1.868 1.764 1.509 1.573 609 482 417 1,6% -13,6% China (0,9%) 1.253 1.677 1.587 1.555 944 623 486 368 531 238 0,9% -55,2% New Zealand (0,9%) 328 362 372 591 851 788 632 397 179 228 0,9% 27,0% Others (11%) 4.598 3.657 2.260 2.144 2.591 1.327 2.594 2.067 2.504 2.821 11,0% 12,7% Total 12.090 13.387 13.667 11.408 12.807 12.959 13.510 14.953 16.464 25.599 100,0% 55,5% d) Bulbs and corms PARTNER/PERIOD 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 share in 2016 2016 vs 2015 Taiwan (22,3%) 7.770 10.497 9.670 14.330 20.599 25.946 22.458 21.917 23.150 18.863 22,3% -18,5% China (13,3%) 4.217 6.788 7.522 6.790 7.782 8.762 11.288 10.902 11.320 11.236 13,3% -0,7% Thailand (8,4%) 5.412 7.604 6.922 8.552 9.195 10.171 9.469 8.873 9.688 7.101 8,4% -26,7% Chile (6,9%) 8.517 10.619 9.425 10.395 10.789 8.910 8.801 8.350 6.274 5.838 6,9% -7,0% Brazil (5,6%) 7.464 9.612 9.803 8.747 9.956 11.146 8.388 8.603 6.059 4.726 5,6% -22,0% South Africa (7,5%) 2.889 2.846 2.636 3.533 3.292 3.324 3.345 4.794 5.496 6.343 7,5% 15,4% New Zealand (7,1%) 3.172 4.248 3.655 4.579 4.846 5.291 4.760 5.707 5.226 5.995 7,1% 14,7% Peru (5,1%) 608 985 1.782 2.745 3.137 3.674 4.351 5,1% 18,4% United States (4,1%) 5.004 4.009 3.042 3.874 5.561 3.063 3.737 2.942 2.941 3.445 4,1% 17,1% Israel (3,6%) 2.873 2.801 2.528 2.777 3.212 3.457 3.176 3.317 2.885 3.081 3,6% 6,8% Others (16%) 7.285 6.157 6.724 6.374 6.698 7.450 7.670 6.763 9.441 13.536 16,0% 43,4% Total 54.603 65.180 61.926 70.559 82.914 89.304 85.836 85.306 86.154 84.515 100,0% -1,9% Source: Eurostat Comext (26/09/2016)

Thousand euros Graph 4.15 Total import by country of origin (in thousand euros, % = share in 2016) 450.000 400.000 350.000 300.000 250.000 200.000 150.000 100.000 50.000 - Kenya (27,5%) Ethiopia (11,1%) Ecuador (11,1%) Colombia (9,2%) Israel (4,9%) USA (4,9%) Costa Rica (3,4%) China (2,6%) Uganda (2.8%) Others (22%) 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Thousand euros Graph 4.16 Total import by country of origin (in thousand euros) 450.000 400.000 350.000 300.000 250.000 200.000 150.000 Kenya (27,5%) Ethiopia (11,1%) Ecuador (11,1%) Colombia (9,2%) Israel (4,9%) USA (4,9%) Costa Rica (3,4%) China (2,6%) 100.000 50.000 Uganda (2.8%) Others (22%) - 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Thousand euros Graph 4.17 Import of cut flowers (in thousand euros, % = share in 2016) 400.000 350.000 300.000 250.000 200.000 150.000 100.000 50.000 - Kenya (31,9%) Ecuador (14,1%) Ethiopia (12,7%) Colombia (11,6%) USA (5,3%) Israel (4.3%) Costa Rica (2,5%) South Africa (2,4%) Uganda (2%) Others (13,2%) 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Thousand euros Graph 4.18 Import of potted plants (in thousand euros, % = share in 2016) 100.000 90.000 80.000 70.000 60.000 50.000 40.000 30.000 20.000 10.000 0 Kenya (16,3%) Costa Rica (9,5%) China (9,4%) Israel (8,9%) Uganda (8,3%) Ethiopia (7,2%) Tanzania (5,1%) Guatemala (4,3%) Others (31%) 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Thousand euros Graph 4.19 Import of conifers and hardy perennial plants (in thousand euros, % = share in 2016) 7.500 7.000 6.500 6.000 5.500 5.000 4.500 4.000 3.500 3.000 2.500 2.000 1.500 1.000 500 0 USA (28,9%) Turkey (12,8%) Switzerland (11,9%) For.JRep.Mac (11,2%) Morocco (7,4%) Serbia (7,1%) Japan (3,3%) Bosnia Herzegovina (3%) 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Israel (1,6%) China (0,9%) New Zealand (0,9%) Others (11%)

Thousand euros Graph 4.20 Import of bulbs and corms (in thousand euros, % = share in 2016) 28.000 26.000 24.000 22.000 20.000 18.000 16.000 14.000 12.000 10.000 8.000 6.000 4.000 2.000 0 Taiwan (22,3%) China (13,3%) Thailand (8,4%) Chile (6,9%) Brazil (5,6%) South Africa (7,5%) New Zealand (7,1%) Peru (5,1%) United States (4,1%) Israel (3,6%) Others (16%) 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Tab. 4.6 Export extra-eu of live plants and floricuture products by Country of destination (in thousand euros) Total PARTNER/PERIOD 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 share in 2016 2016 vs 2015 Switzerland (21,7%) 331.304 330.681 337.869 382.331 375.230 414.533 406.507 394.206 407.161 440.024 21,7% 8,1% Russian Federation (18,5%) 315.350 375.977 287.338 334.741 392.665 458.512 470.811 406.652 406.850 374.038 18,5% -8,1% United States (12,3%) 280.198 235.946 211.625 198.822 205.865 199.512 196.899 194.798 223.186 249.962 12,3% 12,0% Norway (7,7%) 139.758 146.692 136.995 150.454 155.709 164.226 171.326 169.073 162.722 156.738 7,7% -3,7% China (5,7%) 37.960 34.300 37.385 47.015 56.038 67.934 77.329 91.367 116.982 115.928 5,7% -0,9% Japan (3.1%) 96.586 94.039 73.661 71.965 73.444 75.428 66.469 61.284 62.088 62.226 3,1% 0,2% Turkey (3%) 31.730 33.869 22.708 32.875 37.463 40.572 54.806 51.665 55.733 60.711 3,0% 8,9% Canada (2,1%) 44.799 44.405 43.347 40.473 37.804 37.949 36.552 36.570 41.165 42.483 2,1% 3,2% Ukraine (1,8%) 55.511 60.166 44.868 44.901 53.686 69.438 77.504 54.959 40.729 36.020 1,8% -11,6% Mexico (1,6%) 25.963 25.911 20.065 25.189 27.218 28.408 28.083 29.426 34.669 32.225 1,6% -7,1% Others (22,5%) 254.962 262.302 243.866 305.505 301.095 336.997 381.774 397.158 432.238 455.131 22,5% 5,3% Total 1.614.122 1.644.289 1.459.727 1.634.271 1.716.216 1.893.510 1.968.060 1.887.158 1.983.522 2.025.486 100,0% 2,1% a) Cut flowers and cut foliage 1.983.522 2.025.486 PARTNER/PERIOD 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 share in 2016 2016 vs 2015 Russian Federation (31,4%) 182.272 211.537 161.436 187.914 228.646 274.860 293.884 264.393 245.499 212.903 31,4% -13,3% Switzerland (23%) 129.969 120.382 126.571 144.475 133.958 139.471 141.873 142.334 152.146 155.736 23,0% 2,4% United States (16%) 88.978 67.229 57.893 55.349 67.845 63.812 61.185 62.366 85.969 108.257 16,0% 25,9% Norway (6%) 46.995 47.795 43.817 48.072 43.972 48.230 48.922 48.826 44.283 40.401 6,0% -8,8% Ukraine (1,6%) 16.834 15.502 10.559 12.677 15.602 19.593 24.157 21.232 17.596 10.874 1,6% -38,2% China (1,5%) 2.405 2.604 3.192 5.569 6.112 8.518 14.583 21.089 14.646 10.109 1,5% -31,0% United Arab Emirates (2,1%) 4.641 4.690 3.624 3.651 4.411 5.505 6.558 8.612 13.283 14.330 2,1% 7,9% Kazakhstan (1,6%) 6.154 7.135 6.569 7.446 8.321 11.358 11.685 10.577 10.147 10.958 1,6% 8,0% Japan (1,1%) 12.805 10.866 9.098 11.699 9.914 13.632 8.050 7.750 6.794 7.760 1,1% 14,2% Belarus (1,5%) 8.868 9.171 8.638 8.667 7.100 6.131 7.215 7.956 6.260 10.124 1,5% 61,7% Other (14,1%) 43.216 44.367 37.059 42.688 46.391 53.728 67.441 67.097 83.368 95.662 14,1% 14,7% Total 543.137 541.278 468.455 528.207 572.272 644.837 685.553 662.232 679.992 677.114 100,0% -0,4% b) Potted plants 679.992 677.114 PARTNER/PERIOD 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 share in 2016 2016 vs 2015 Switzerland (33,6%) 135.905 126.802 126.837 145.174 153.264 184.247 170.077 162.489 163.167 185.636 33,6% 13,8% Norway (14,1%) 61.376 64.750 60.736 65.119 70.073 71.759 75.472 75.916 78.467 77.916 14,1% -0,7% Russian Federation (4,9%) 66.915 84.109 62.620 73.385 82.483 90.326 88.995 71.714 71.081 65.787 11,9% -7,4% United States (3,8%) 32.422 24.157 21.076 22.207 23.655 22.012 25.837 22.868 24.940 27.228 4,9% 9,2% Turkey (3,1%) 15.557 13.702 10.122 12.034 13.697 13.317 16.215 16.958 18.255 21.063 3,8% 15,4% China (1,9%) 5.836 5.933 5.803 7.223 8.238 7.768 10.244 10.415 15.342 16.928 3,1% 10,3% Ukraine (2,6%) 24.377 25.889 20.595 19.382 18.110 22.463 21.810 16.697 11.417 10.688 1,9% -6,4% Japan (2,6%) 16.408 26.877 13.357 13.727 14.479 14.487 16.404 12.164 10.500 14.400 2,6% 37,1% Brazil (1,4%) 1.726 2.493 2.757 4.315 6.256 7.207 7.708 9.132 8.597 7.820 1,4% -9,0% Others (22,6%) 86.444 89.112 78.488 85.246 93.591 101.031 117.629 107.250 114.986 124.601 22,6% 8,4% Total 446.967 463.823 402.391 447.813 483.846 534.617 550.391 505.603 516.753 552.066 100,0% 6,8%

c) Conifers and hardy perennial plants 516.753 552.066 PARTNER/PERIOD 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 share in 2016 2016 vs 2015 Russian Federation (25,3%) 26.181 31.724 24.406 31.049 34.730 45.808 42.461 30.997 51.646 65.084 25,3% 26,0% Switzerland (19,3%) 32.704 44.549 47.360 53.200 55.056 57.932 57.486 53.541 53.279 49.557 19,3% -7,0% Turkey (11,5%) 11.878 14.855 8.884 15.245 18.585 21.993 32.023 27.486 26.657 29.677 11,5% 11,3% Norway (7,8%) 12.807 14.959 15.244 17.522 19.735 21.312 23.063 23.961 20.506 20.022 7,8% -2,4% Morocco (3,9%) 6.358 7.354 3.813 4.234 3.904 4.128 5.902 8.435 7.912 10.033 3,9% 26,8% Ukraine (2,5%) 10.285 11.361 5.987 6.924 9.579 10.813 14.544 7.839 4.418 6.418 2,5% 45,3% Uzbekistan (2,1%) 206 765 3.404 3.588 2.770 5.669 8.835 9.006 4.797 5.275 2,1% 10,0% Azerbaijan (1,6%) 853 2.728 3.187 2.753 7.004 9.845 9.203 12.739 9.928 4.040 1,6% -59,3% Others (26,1%) 26.498 29.735 33.345 48.718 31.077 39.001 47.701 55.981 69.792 67.208 26,1% -3,7% Total 127.770 158.029 145.630 183.231 182.439 216.501 241.218 229.984 248.934 257.316 100,0% 3,4% d) Bulbs and corms 248.934 257.316 PARTNER/PERIOD 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 share in 2016 2016 vs 2015 United States (21,2%) 155.233 141.793 130.807 119.936 113.572 112.757 108.684 109.142 111.639 114.474 21,2% 2,5% China (14,4%) 29.242 25.299 28.210 33.876 41.273 50.685 50.428 54.010 73.689 77.744 14,4% 5,5% Switzerland (9,1%) 32.725 38.947 37.101 39.482 32.952 32.883 37.071 35.842 38.569 49.094 9,1% 27,3% Japan (7,1%) 66.986 55.463 47.755 46.131 48.578 46.701 41.545 41.031 42.648 38.399 7,1% -10,0% Vietnam (6,7%) 2.363 3.349 4.605 10.332 12.457 15.332 17.563 24.811 33.798 35.876 6,7% 6,1% Russian Federation (5,6%) 39.982 48.608 38.877 42.392 46.805 47.519 45.571 39.548 38.624 30.264 5,6% -21,6% Canada (4,9%) 25.614 26.563 29.653 28.488 26.026 26.770 24.646 25.079 27.655 26.411 4,9% -4,5% Mexico (4,8%) 21.474 21.159 16.753 21.966 23.288 24.168 22.488 24.194 28.002 25.649 4,8% -8,4% Norway (3,4%) 18.581 19.189 17.198 19.741 21.930 22.926 23.869 20.370 19.465 18.399 3,4% -5,5% Ukraine (1,5%) 4.015 7.415 7.726 5.919 10.395 16.569 16.993 9.191 7.298 8.041 1,5% 10,2% Others (21,3%) 100.032 93.377 84.568 106.760 100.386 101.246 102.040 105.596 116.455 114.640 21,3% -1,6% Total 496.248 481.160 443.252 475.021 477.660 497.555 490.897 488.814 537.843 538.990 100,0% 0,2% Source: Eurostat Comext

Thousand euros 2.200.000 2.000.000 1.800.000 Graph. 4.21a Exports Extra-EU of live plants and products of floriculture, in 2016 (thousand euros) 2.025.486 TOTAL 1.600.000 1.400.000 1.200.000 1.000.000 Cut flowers and cut foliage (33,4%) Potted plants (27,3%) 800.000 600.000 400.000 200.000-677.114 552.066 538.990 257.316 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Bulbs and corms (26,6%) Conifers and hardy perennial plants (12,7%)

Graph 4.21b Exports extra-eu by category (% based on value, value in thousand Euro, in 2016) Bulbs and corms (26,6%); 538.990 Cut flowers and cut foliage (33,4%); 677.114 Conifers and hardy perennial plants (12,7%); 257.316 Potted plants (27,3%); 552.066

Thousand euros Graph 4.22a Total EU-export by country of destination (in thousand euros, % = share in 2016) Total EU export 2016: 2 025 Mio 500.000 450.000 400.000 350.000 300.000 250.000 200.000 150.000 100.000 50.000 - Switzerland (21,7%) Russian Federation (18,5%) United States (12,3%) Norway (7,7%) China (5,7%) Japan (3.1%) Turkey (3%) Canada (2,1%) Ukraine (1,8%) Mexico (1,6%) Others (22,5%) 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Thousand euros Graph 4.22b Total export by country of destination (in thousand euros, % = share in 2016) Switzerland (21,7%) 500.000 450.000 400.000 350.000 Russian Federation (18,5%) United States (12,3%) Norway (7,7%) 300.000 China (5,7%) 250.000 Turkey (3%) 200.000 150.000 100.000 50.000 Japan (3.1%) Canada (2,1%) Ukraine (1,8%) - 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Mexico (1,6%)

Thousand euros Graph 4.23 Export of cut flowers and cut foliage (in thousand euros, % = share in 2016) 300.000 280.000 260.000 240.000 220.000 200.000 180.000 160.000 140.000 120.000 100.000 80.000 60.000 40.000 20.000 - Russian Federation (31,4%) Switzerland (23%) United States Norway (6%) (16%) Ukraine (1,6%) China (1,5%) United Arab Emirates (2,1%) Kazakhstan (1,6%) Japan (1,1%) Belarus (1,5%) Other (14,1%) 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Thousand euros Graph 4.24 Export potted plants (in thousand euros, % = share in 2016) 200.000 180.000 160.000 140.000 120.000 100.000 80.000 60.000 40.000 20.000 - Switzerland (33,6%) Norway (14,1%) Russian Federation (4,9%) United States (3,8%) Turkey (3,1%) China (1,9%) Ukraine (2,6%) Japan (2,6%) Brazil (1,4%) Others (22,6%) 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Thousand euros Graph 4.25 Export of conifers and hardy perennial plants (in thousand euros, % = share in 2016) 75.000 70.000 65.000 60.000 55.000 50.000 45.000 40.000 35.000 30.000 25.000 20.000 15.000 10.000 5.000 - Russian Federation (25,3%) Switzerland (19,3%) Turkey (11,5%) Norway (7,8%) Morocco (3,9%) Ukraine (2,5%) Uzbekistan (2,1%) Azerbaijan (1,6%) Others (26,1%) 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Thousand euros Graph 4.26 Export of bulbs and corms (in thousand euros, % = share in 2016) 140.000 120.000 100.000 80.000 60.000 40.000 20.000 - United States China (14,4%) Switzerland (21,2%) (9,1%) Japan (7,1%) Vietnam (6,7%) Russian Federation (5,6%) Canada (4,9%) Mexico (4,8%)Norway (3,4%) Ukraine (1,5%) Others (21,3%) 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Tab 5. 1 EU28 exporters to other EU28 (in thousand euros) Total PARTNER/PERIOD 2005 2006 2007 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 share in 2016 2016 vs 2015 Netherlands (67,1%) 4.339.646 4.597.756 4.957.320 4.781.503 5.038.699 5.337.451 5.518.580 5.056.688 5.070.127 5.370.238 5.594.249 67,1% 4,2% Germany (8,4%) 280.172 309.976 371.648 461.356 475.263 590.763 582.853 628.376 630.417 639.882 697.930 8,4% 9,1% Italy (6,6%) 431.814 453.831 501.867 460.282 502.518 525.805 522.908 497.669 487.790 514.887 551.758 6,6% 7,2% Belgium (5,6%) 454.104 446.321 464.778 513.804 583.269 591.577 609.088 585.773 594.351 453.080 469.546 5,6% 3,6% Denmark (4,5%) 368.306 434.316 383.123 377.769 386.027 415.380 427.180 415.734 395.878 355.450 372.987 4,5% 4,9% Spain (2,7%) 166.428 162.170 174.049 160.614 162.272 165.718 172.888 181.676 194.360 195.959 224.968 2,7% 14,8% Poland (0,9%) 45.883 49.324 58.747 67.712 66.281 68.034 72.473 82.066 78.200 87.363 76.577 0,9% -12,3% France (0,9%) 124.266 113.158 110.708 99.897 95.812 83.494 79.200 74.030 76.556 73.074 77.898 0,9% 6,6% Portugal (0,9%) 43.632 48.981 58.181 53.737 57.266 60.703 54.078 50.531 53.057 63.012 74.618 0,9% 18,4% Utd. Kingdom 56.187 59.903 56.696 47.577 45.165 56.809 45.979 57.984 47.704 49.663 54.756 0,7% 10,3% Czech Republic 7.296 10.754 8.978 11.557 14.742 14.449 20.018 37.233 29.722 26.743 24.521 0,3% Austria 16.654 18.164 25.827 33.848 37.398 42.617 36.311 34.353 28.358 22.200 24.181 0,3% Hungary 7.151 8.250 6.591 16.651 16.610 16.994 18.118 14.986 15.741 15.930 15.522 0,2% Slovakia 2.717 2.519 2.368 4.503 6.140 10.133 11.205 12.193 14.056 13.671 13.583 0,2% Ireland 8.259 6.439 8.474 11.885 11.766 11.107 12.572 11.847 11.246 11.993 12.424 0,1% Slovenia 2.204 3.023 4.698 4.796 5.703 6.448 6.527 6.975 5.133 9.721 11.583 0,1% Lithuania 1.874 2.568 2.961 4.423 1.896 3.739 1.919 2.930 3.589 4.750 4.369 0,1% Bulgaria 1.624 1.838 2.440 2.553 4.239 4.932 5.637 5.759 4.140 5.532 6.858 0,1% Latvia 8 311 188 969 3.004 2.744 3.444 3.415 2.471 4.581 5.575 0,1% Estonia 1.117 1.052 1.026 2.878 2.511 2.722 4.106 3.509 2.471 2.967 2.759 0,0% Greece 4.072 4.584 4.734 3.075 3.386 3.439 3.490 4.007 3.822 3.881 4.033 0,0% Sweden 4.926 4.667 7.889 6.391 6.002 5.835 5.376 4.720 3.822 2.636 4.255 0,1% Finland 1.488 2.039 2.150 1.553 1.658 1.315 1.307 1.529 1.955 2.033 3.036 0,0% Romania 1.185 1.405 888 949 2.465 1.972 4.079 2.510 1.781 2.014 1.293 0,0% Luxembourg 370 867 2.621 1.133 1.264 1.643 2.022 3.311 1.299 1.752 2.433 0,0% Croatia 179 425 624 423 488 606 460 358 2.423 1.731 2.011 0,0% Cyprus 0 11 0 0 0 3 7 0 6 38 0,0% Malta 6 4 Total 6.371.568 6.744.651 7.219.578 7.131.838 7.531.846 8.026.431 8.221.820 7.780.168 7.754.302 7.934.747 8.333.762 100,0% 5,0% EU28 less NL (32,9%) 2.031.922 2.146.895 2.262.258 2.350.335 2.493.147 2.688.980 2.703.240 2.723.480 2.690.342 2.564.509 2.739.513 35% 32% 32,9% 1) Cut flowers and cut foliage 68% 67% PARTNER/PERIOD 2005 2006 2007 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 share in 2016 2016 vs 2015 Netherlands (82%) 2.332.768 2.445.280 2.637.595 2.428.933 2.575.147 2.761.548 2.872.253 2.536.880 2.584.990 2.787.852 3.012.506 82,0% 8,1% Italy (3,8%) 120.998 124.765 132.302 111.418 123.378 119.569 120.447 121.520 115.664 128.244 140.589 3,8% 9,6% Denmark (3,1%) 75.502 77.162 88.291 112.365 116.866 124.320 149.301 143.561 130.798 102.700 113.454 3,1% 10,5% Belgium (3,1%) 90.805 108.419 121.141 184.754 248.244 245.682 258.677 240.092 252.624 106.667 113.876 3,1% 6,8% Fr Germany (3,5%) 53.032 55.703 64.696 56.227 60.805 87.177 86.750 89.236 91.904 95.360 93.409 2,5% -2,0% Spain (1,3%) 52.938 42.843 36.842 31.675 29.813 32.766 32.554 36.075 41.609 43.901 49.471 1,3% 12,7% Poland (1%) 16.839 19.674 23.500 31.939 27.554 28.280 26.260 33.010 30.931 29.710 28.545 0,8% -3,9% Utd. Kingdom 35.088 36.426 28.572 22.370 18.337 25.891 16.273 30.080 27.001 28.266 35.620 1,0% 26,0% Portugal 24.123 23.931 28.896 23.221 21.992 29.109 18.795 16.512 14.732 16.766 24.654 0,7% 47,0% France 19.140 19.433 18.772 18.199 20.837 14.048 13.074 11.561 12.203 14.871 15.684 0,4% Czech Republic 2.582 4.767 2.182 4.530 5.783 6.056 11.186 24.698 14.901 13.384 12.028 0,3% Ireland 3.295 5.033 6.463 6.392 6.587 6.247 6.748 7.200 7.179 8.284 8.720 0,2% Austria 5.103 6.913 8.196 12.697 14.531 17.574 11.621 11.757 9.049 5.110 6.139 0,2% Hungary 461 871 780 4.220 6.469 6.217 6.383 3.864 4.236 4.365 4.761 0,1% Estonia 272 392 335 763 928 1.081 1.151 1.716 1.288 2.283 2.176 0,1% Lithuania 1.291 1.587 1.630 2.953 937 945 953 1.467 1.686 2.221 2.172 0,1% Croatia 41 51 31 26 44 54 135 31 1.386 1.197 1.551 0,0% Finland 1.030 1.000 1.157 933 898 843 881 828 1.062 1.011 1.512 0,0% Bulgaria 196 231 19 47 804 1.803 1.364 1.286 885 1.003 1.972 0,1% Slovakia 284 87 276 1.072 237 892 267 427 946 944 504 0,0%

Latvia 2 11 51 576 875 1.479 1.539 851 799 1.782 0,0% Romania 421 611 65 93 1.330 1.057 2.412 1.202 542 680 62 0,0% Slovenia 63 124 504 517 621 535 577 588 417 674 390 0,0% Greece 507 723 670 496 346 317 308 144 201 187 93 0,0% Luxembourg 164 474 594 859 726 728 976 1.824 54 118 821 0,0% Sweden 344 1.210 1.708 1.487 1.510 2.278 1.932 1.867 998 94 335 0,0% Cyprus 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0,0% Malta 4 Total 2.837.289 2.977.731 3.205.221 3.058.236 3.285.300 3.515.893 3.642.755 3.318.965 3.348.135 3.396.693 3.672.830 100,0% 8,1% 2) Potted plants PARTNER/PERIOD 2005 2006 2007 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 share in 2016 2016 vs 2015 Netherlands (55,4%) 1.417.373 1.493.169 1.601.351 1.585.443 1.665.959 1.657.478 1.700.176 1.633.960 1.666.466 1.720.224 1.796.949 55,4% 4,5% Fr Germany (13,9%) 166.608 182.186 222.770 294.738 292.258 364.985 342.579 385.013 400.891 408.154 452.156 13,9% 10,8% Belgium (7,2%) 258.401 232.505 228.568 224.287 225.644 224.855 230.312 229.638 228.489 217.043 233.073 7,2% 7,4% Denmark (6,9%) 280.230 342.259 280.398 243.195 239.193 240.507 247.442 237.827 229.424 220.797 225.467 6,9% 2,1% Italy (6,6%) 200.057 207.441 227.218 223.277 251.375 269.124 271.352 244.197 239.626 247.227 214.364 6,6% -13,3% Spain (3,8%) 67.369 66.927 71.896 71.778 73.528 73.814 82.092 85.301 85.700 91.575 123.391 3,8% 34,7% Portugal 14.707 20.099 22.965 15.139 21.073 25.003 28.884 28.323 32.546 37.968 42.681 1,3% 12,4% France 65.103 54.298 52.491 44.200 40.962 34.344 32.632 29.198 31.829 32.638 42.651 1,3% 30,7% Poland (1%) 19.598 19.783 23.694 23.941 27.443 27.513 31.204 31.551 31.616 40.614 31.311 1,0% -22,9% Utd. Kingdom 11.969 11.636 12.622 14.796 15.805 15.806 15.715 16.177 12.554 13.839 13.773 0,4% -0,5% Austria 9.226 9.461 13.995 17.038 18.835 20.562 20.450 18.261 15.256 13.298 12.616 0,4% -5,1% Slovenia 1.874 2.449 3.762 3.764 4.131 4.846 4.776 5.315 6.607 7.828 10.464 0,3% 33,7% Slovakia 449 910 1.091 1.968 3.866 7.348 8.166 8.864 8.898 9.693 9.752 0,3% 0,6% Czech Republic 2.830 2.831 3.272 3.259 4.351 3.922 3.883 7.496 7.217 6.894 9.572 0,3% 38,8% Hungary 3.929 3.993 2.983 9.580 6.349 7.320 8.661 7.668 6.710 7.102 8.014 0,2% 12,8% Greece 3.223 3.212 3.701 2.387 2.273 2.598 2.859 2.993 3.350 3.206 3.612 0,1% 12,6% Bulgaria 1.193 1.095 1.592 1.869 2.661 1.831 2.487 2.860 1.874 2.651 3.001 0,1% 13,2% Sweden 2.407 1.486 2.391 2.616 1.946 1.473 878 927 825 791 2.718 0,1% 243,9% Ireland 4.152 416 597 1.626 2.811 2.081 2.764 1.947 1.887 2.074 2.554 0,1% Lithuania 427 823 1.179 892 508 1.660 443 930 1.254 1.494 1.433 0,0% Luxembourg 112 314 1.897 257 519 882 693 846 960 1.311 1.319 0,0% Finland 314 391 565 350 329 466 361 617 744 750 959 0,0% Latvia 4 0 108 93 249 360 429 1.172 554 957 951 0,0% Romania 527 549 670 553 670 648 1.500 919 774 838 624 0,0% Estonia 661 425 629 795 788 842 1.302 598 310 317 513 0,0% Croatia 71 269 186 135 213 212 127 115 397 179 351 0,0% Cyprus 2 7 2 21 0,0% Malta 6 Total 2.532.819 2.658.927 2.782.591 2.787.977 2.903.738 2.990.477 3.042.168 2.982.722 3.016.757 3.089.464 3.244.291 100,0% 5,0% 3.089.464 3.244.291 3) Conifers and hardy perennial plants 0 0 PARTNER/PERIOD 2005 2006 2007 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 share in 2016 2016 vs 2015 Netherlands 237.686 279.985 322.019 380.637 393.482 454.710 453.746 408.157 334.849 368.664 310.790 39,3% -15,7% Italy 109.235 120.135 140.824 122.640 124.607 133.577 127.911 128.337 129.382 135.404 191.361 24,2% 41,3% Fr Germany 46.581 55.076 56.949 65.660 73.494 86.488 94.132 93.402 80.993 81.815 93.311 11,8% 14,1% Belgium 85.657 84.734 95.255 84.159 86.088 98.470 97.873 95.134 95.215 103.673 78.699 9,9% -24,1% Spain 44.192 50.452 62.602 53.864 54.124 55.182 56.075 58.071 63.656 57.226 49.134 6,2% -14,1% Poland 2.927 3.782 6.187 8.627 8.937 9.959 12.396 13.798 13.296 14.800 14.795 1,9% 0,0% France 26.803 26.530 27.221 22.745 21.300 19.394 20.323 20.341 21.038 20.040 14.578 1,8% -27,3% Denmark 7.580 8.863 8.136 12.358 15.424 34.314 12.507 9.916 10.920 8.886 11.520 1,5% 29,6% Portugal 3.868 3.859 4.845 11.366 13.058 5.179 5.178 4.814 4.984 7.538 6.507 0,8% Austria 1.799 1.420 2.421 2.396 2.740 3.058 2.957 2.898 2.732 3.138 4.718 0,6% Slovakia 1.983 1.460 983 1.463 2.017 1.892 2.771 2.902 4.211 3.034 3.320 0,4% Latvia 1 299 46 725 2.133 1.398 1.503 684 1.885 2.691 2.767 0,3% Czech Republic 1.590 2.889 2.981 3.437 4.372 4.021 4.618 4.382 7.177 6.255 2.688 0,3%