Purpose The purpose of this training is to give field technicians awareness training and guidelines on potential hazards they may encounter in the field. Fall Protection and Prevention JELD-WEN Field Employees are required to complete and/or review the Worksite Hazard Assessment Form prior to performing services. Section IV of this form addresses fall protection and prevention. Examples of fall hazards include: Working from roofs Floor/ wall openings Portable ladders are not included under this section and are addressed in Section 14 of this handbook. Fall Protection Systems When fall hazards cannot be eliminated through the use of a standard guardrail system and the fall hazard is 6 feet (2 meters) (10 feet (3 meters) for scaffolding) or greater, fall arrest/ restraint systems must be used to control falls. Proper training on the use of fall arrest/ restraint equipment is essential and must be provided prior to use. Fall protection equipment must be capable of withstanding the environment to which they are exposed and JELD-WEN owned equipment must be standardized whenever possible. All fall protection equipment must bear the marking of the manufacturer and approvals for specified use. Fall Arrest A personal fall arrest system consists of a full body harness, lanyard and anchor point or a full body harness, lanyard, lifeline, anchor point and deceleration/grabbing device. All fall protection equipment must meet or exceed appropriate jurisdictional standards. Employees must use only commercially manufactured equipment specifically designed for fall protection and certified by a nationally recognized testing laboratory. Requirements for a personal fall arrest system include, but are not limited to the following: Full Body Harness Systems. A full body harness system consists of a full-body harness, lanyard, energy shock absorber, and self-locking snap hook. Standard Harnesses. Harnesses for general purpose work should be Class III, constructed with a sliding back D-ring. Standard harnesses are suitable for continuous fall protection while climbing, riding, or working on elevated personnel platforms. They are suitable for positioning, fall arrest/ restraint, and the rescue and evacuation of people who are working at elevated heights. Anchor points for personal fall arrest system must be able to withstand a load of 5,000 pounds (2,270 kg). o Identify the free fall distance - This means the vertical distance a person would fall while wearing the fall arrest system before the system stops their fall. Once the free fall distance has been determined, ensure that the potential fall area and swing distance do not create additional hazards. For example, if a fall is not arrested before the individual strikes a solid object. Retractable Lifelines: A retractable lifeline is a fall arrest device used in conjunction with other components of a fall arrest system. Retractable lifelines should be used by one person at a time. A properly inspected and maintained retractable lifeline, when correctly installed and used as part of the fall arrest system, automatically stops a person s descent in a short distance after a fall. Retractable lifelines may be considered when working in areas such as on roofs and scaffolds. Also, retractable lifelines should be considered when climbing such equipment as vertical fixed ladders that are not properly protected. Doc # TRNCC-04 Rev 1 February 25 2015 Page 1 of 6
Fall Restraint Fall restraints are devices (full body harness and non-shock absorbing lanyard) that are attached between the employee and an anchorage point to prevent the employee from walking or falling off an elevated surface or to prevent employees from working outside of a guardrail system. Fall restraint does not support an employee at an elevated surface, but rather, prevents the employee from reaching the edge of an elevated surface or work position. Fall restraining devices are required to be worn in all personnel lifts such as aerial and scissor lifts to keep personnel within the confines of the existing fall protection. Anchor points for personal fall restraint systems must be able to withstand a load of 3,000 pounds (1,360 kg). Inspection and Maintenance: To ensure that fall protection systems are ready and able to perform their required tasks, a program of inspection and maintenance will be implemented and maintained. The following at a minimum, comprises the basic requirements of the inspection and maintenance program: All fall protection equipment will be visually inspected prior to each use. Documented monthly inspections must be completed utilizing the JELD-WEN Fall Protection Inspection Checklist B. Any equipment supplied by a contractor, i.e. anchor points, mountings, etc. must have corresponding inspection documentation. Only utilize equipment if this information is available. Review and follow equipment manufacturer s instructions. Fall protection equipment subjected to a fall or impact (load), must be removed from service immediately, destroyed and replaced. Equipment that is damaged or in need of maintenance will be tagged as unusable, and will not be stored in the same area as serviceable equipment. Anchors and mountings will be inspected before each use by the user for signs of damage. If this equipment is supplied by a contractor, request inspection documentation before use. For more information regarding this section, refer to the JELD-WEN Risk Management Manual Section D - Subsection 305: Fall Prevention and Protection or contact your manager or supervisor. Portable Ladder Safety Portable ladders include stepladders, self-supporting and non-self-supporting straight or extension ladders. Using the right type of ladder is necessary to complete the job in a safe manner. All JELD-WEN personnel utilizing ladders must have completed training prior to utilizing such equipment. Guidelines for ladder inspection, set-up, climbing and standing techniques, and proper use, care, and storage. Before each use, ladders must be visually inspected for faults, such as broken or damaged rungs or rails. If it is an extension ladder, inspect the pulleys, ropes and locks for excessive wear. Also, check the footings and pads to make sure they provide a non-skid surface. If any defect is found, the ladder must be tagged unsafe and taken out of service. If it cannot be fixed, make sure it is disposed of. Documented ladder inspections will be conducted monthly using Checklist G - Ladder/ hoist Inspection checklist. Use only 375 pound (170 kg) (Type IAA), 300 pound (136 kg) (Type IA) or 250 pound (113.4 kg) (Type I) duty-rated ladders and no less than 5 ft. (1.5 meters). When setting up a ladder, make sure the ground is level and stable. Do not set the ladder up on a muddy surface. Do not use bricks or other material to raise the height of the ladder. If it is not tall enough, you are using the wrong ladder. When accessing elevated surfaces utilizing a ladder, the ladder should reach a minimum of 3 feet (1 meter) above the "point of support" and should be tied off at this point. When using extension and straight ladders, apply the 1:4 rule. This means if you are using a 12 foot (3.6 meter) ladder, the base should be three feet (1 meter) from the structure. Some ladders provide a picture guide on the unit to assist you in this determination. When using a stepladder, make sure the folding cross braces are locked in the proper position before utilization. Always face the ladder when ascending or descending, and have both hands free to grasp it securely. If you need tools, they must be carried in a tool belt or pulled up with a rope once you have reached your destination. Doc # TRNCC-04 Rev 1 February 25 2015 Page 2 of 6
Remember the "3-Point Rule": At least two hands and one foot, or two feet and one hand, must be in contact with the ladder at all times. Keep your body between the side rails of the ladder. This reduces the chance of tipping over and/or falling off. Do not climb higher than the third rung from the top on straight or extension ladders or the second tread from the top on stepladders. Scaffolding Scaffolding is a temporary elevated platform and the structural members used to support workers and or materials during construction, repair or maintenance operations. For scaffolding to be safe, it must be positioned and erected properly. This section provides rules on the safe use of scaffolds. Always follow the rental company or manufacturer rules when erecting, using, and disassembling scaffolding. Only trained and competent persons will erect, use, and disassemble scaffolding. Scaffolding shall be erected on a flat, solid, level surface. Fall protection is required for all scaffold use 10 feet (3 meters) and higher above a lower level. All scaffolds where work is conducted in excess of 10 feet (3 meters) in height must have 4- inch (45 cm) toe boards. A scaffold must not be moved while personnel are on it. The maximum work level height must not exceed 4 times the least base dimension of the scaffold unless it is secured in accordance with jurisdictional safety requirements. Example: A four feet (1.2 meters) by six feet (2.0 meters) scaffold cannot exceed sixteen feet (5 meters) in height at the work platform level. The minimum working platform width must be 18 inches (45 cm). The supporting structure for the scaffold must be rigidly braced, using adequate cross bracing or diagonal bracing with rigid working platforms at each work level. Working platforms must have a nonslip surface and must be maintained free of snow and ice. The working platform surface must be kept clear of extraneous tools and materials. Work platforms must be secured in position. Hard hats must be worn within the area beneath and around elevated work where objects could fall from a height and strike a worker. An inspection must be conducted by a competent person prior to use, utilizing Checklist C Scaffolding Inspection. All scaffold repairs must be done by a qualified person. Ladder Jacks A ladder jack system is a light-duty scaffold supported by brackets attached to ladders. The following instructions must be followed to ensure the safety of personnel while utilizing this type of scaffolding. Use only 375 pound (170 kg) (Type IAA), 300 pound (136 kg) (Type IA) or 250 pound (113.4) (Type I) duty-rated ladders with ladder jacks. An inspection must be conducted regarding the components prior to setup, and of the system prior to use, utilizing Checklist C - Scaffolding Inspection. Do not overload platform or ladders. Not for use with wood rung ladders. If platform is 10 feet (3 meters) or more above the ground and not protected by a standard guardrail, use of a body harness secured to a lanyard, fall arrest/ restraining device and a lifeline secured to a solid structural member is required. Do not attach lifeline to the ladder, ladder jack, or platform. Set ladders on a firm, non-skid surface. The maximum length and width for a fabricated metal platform when used with ladder jacks is 32 feet (10 meters) long by 20 inches (50 cm) wide. Contact plank manufacturer for proper use of laminated wood planks. Use of natural wood planks is not recommended. If utilized it must be rated for this purpose. Doc # TRNCC-04 Rev 1 February 25 2015 Page 3 of 6
Proper Angle Set-Up Apply the 1:4 rule when using extension and straight ladders. This means if you are using a 12 foot (3.6 meter) ladder, the base should be three feet (1 meter) from the structure. Some ladders provide a picture guide on the unit to assist you in this determination. When using a stepladder, make sure the folding cross braces are locked in the proper position before utilization Proper Set-Up & Use Follow instructions provided with platforms and ladders. Use ladders only at proper angle referenced above. Secure top and bottom of ladder to prevent movement before attaching ladder jacks. Make sure every hook engages a rung when placing jacks on ladders. Adjust the brace until the platform surface is horizontal. Make sure the adjusting mechanism is fully engaged and locked. Minimum platform width required: Fabricated platform = 12 inches (30 cm), Wood platform = 18 inches (50 cm). Maximum allowable platform height will be 20 feet (6 meters) above the ground. Platform must overhang support by at least 1 foot (30 cm). For more information regarding this section refer to your manager, supervisor or Risk Management Field Services Manager. Aerial Lifts and Mobile Scaffolds Aerial lifts include articulating booms, man booms, telescoping booms, scissor lifts, and mechanical lifts. Use of this type of equipment presents specific safety issues. This section includes guidance on where to obtain proper training to prepare for use of this equipment. The Worksite Hazard Assessment Form will be used to identify the need for man-lifts unless the need for the equipment has already been established. Manager approval must be granted to a JELD-WEN employee utilizing mechanical lifts. Equipment must be inspected and operated according to manufacturer specifications. Employees using the lift shall receive training from the supplier. This training shall be documented on the Field Operations Training Documentation Form (Form E). This document will be maintained at the worksite until project completion. Form E will be submitted with all other job closure documents. Employees will have fall protection training prior to using fall protection equipment according to Section 13 of this handbook. Cranes, Hoists, and Slings This section refers to cranes and hoists used in construction with a rated hoisting/lifting capacity of 2,000 pounds (907 kg) or less. Cranes and hoists having a rated capacity greater than 2,000 pounds (907 kg) have extensive requirements for operator training and certification, as well as extensive criteria for frequent inspections, and should not be utilized unless it is owned and operated by a third party who inspects and operates it in accordance with jurisdictional laws. When utilizing a crane or hoist, regardless whether it is JELD-WEN owned or it is rented, it is the operator s responsibility to ensure: It, and its ancillary components, are in operable condition prior to use, It, and its ancillary components, are not overloaded, It, and its ancillary components, are used in accordance with manufacturer s instructions and recommendations, and Sound judgment is used in determining safe operating methods. To ensure the equipment is in operable condition, perform a visual inspection prior to use every day it is used: Inspect each component for visible damage and defects, including that each component must be marked to indicate its rated capacity. Immediately remove damaged and/or defective equipment from service, and attach an Out of Doc # TRNCC-04 Rev 1 February 25 2015 Page 4 of 6
Service tag. Document completion of the monthly inspection utilizing Checklist G Ladder/ Hoist Inspection Checklist. Remember that the maximum safe hoisting capacity of any system is limited by the component having the lowest rated capacity, minus the weights of the components below it. When calculating the maximum payload a system is capable of lifting, you must subtract the weight of all other components suspended below each specific component from its load capacity. After subtracting the weights of all the components you then use either that weight or the lowest rated capacity. The following system, for example, may handle a maximum payload of 93 pounds (42 kg): Component Aluminum extension ladder ANSI Type 1A 300 lb. (136 kg) capacity Hoist 200 lb. (91 kg)capacity Suction Cup Assembly to hold window 200 lb. (91 kg) capacity Employee standing on ladder Subtract - Hoist, Suction Cup Assembly, & Employee Total Total Lift Capacity Weight 300 Pound (136 kg) Capacity Minus all below 24 Pounds (11 kg) 28 Pounds (13 kg) 207 Pounds (94 kg) 93 Pounds (42 kg) In the example below the hoist only has a 100 pound (45 kg) capacity and the suction cup assembly weighs 28 pounds (13 kg) so the maximum lifting capacity is 72 pounds (33 kg). Component Aluminum extension ladder ANSI Type 1A 300 lb. (136 kg) capacity Hoist 100 lb. (45 kg) capacity Suction Cup Assembly to hold window 200 lb. (91 kg) capacity Employee standing on ladder Capacity Hoist Lift Capacity with Suction Cup Assembly Weight 300 Pound (136 kg) Capacity Minus all below 24 Pounds (11 kg) 28 Pounds (13 kg) 155 Pounds (70 kg) 93 pounds (42 kg) 72 Pounds (33 kg) The following tips will help you determine your job-specific safe operating methods: Do make sure the hoist support structure (crane) is set up properly and is stable. Do ensure you have set up barriers (as needed) to keep people away from suspended loads. Do take up slack carefully ensure the load is balanced and the load holding action is secure before continuing. Do avoid swinging the load. Do ensure the load is free to move and will clear all obstructions. Do not operate a damaged, malfunctioning or unusually performing hoist. Do not operate a hoist until you have thoroughly read and understand the manufacturer s operating and maintenance instructions or manuals. Do not operate a hoist which has been modified without the manufacturer s approval. Do not lift more than the rated load for the hoist and ancillary components. Do not use a hoist with twisted, kinked, damaged, or worn load chain or wire rope. Do not use a hoist to lift or support people. Do not lift loads over people. Do not operate a hoist unless all persons are and remain clear of the supported load. Do not operate unless load is centered under hoist. Do not operate a hoist when the lift cable or chain is restricted from forming a straight line between the Doc # TRNCC-04 Rev 1 February 25 2015 Page 5 of 6
hoist hook and the load attachment hook. Do not use the hoist to drag a load that is not located directly under it. Ladder Lifts Ladder height must extend 2 feet (.6 meter) above the leading edge to give adequate clearance for work. Attach top pulley assembly prior to standing ladder in position for change out. Make sure to leave enough slack in winch line when standing ladder and make sure assembly pins are fully seated. Stand ladder in position for change out. Make sure angle of ladder is not too steep or shallow. Attach lower crank assembly to ladder at a convenient working height. Make sure assembly pins are fully seated. Anchor base of ladder by driving two stakes into the ground over each end of bottom ladder rung. Note: check with homeowner for underground service lines such as sprinklers, electric, etc. If the ladder is placed on sidewalk, decks, or driveway, a person must hold the base of the ladder at all times while product is secured to winch line. Adjust winch line so end of line is proper height for product attachment. Place replacement product into position for winch line attachment. Attach suction cup arm to winch line hook. Attach suction cups (2) to glass spacing them adequately to lift replacement product (outer 1/3 of each side). Replacement units wider than 54 inches (1.4 meters) use three (3) suction cups. One at each end of the unit and one in the center. Place suction cup handles into lift sleeves. Insert assembly pins. Make sure pins are fully seated. Very important! Do not stand under product or ladder while lifting is in progress. Attach rope lines to product or stabilizer arm to secure product from the ground while lifting! Doc # TRNCC-04 Rev 1 February 25 2015 Page 6 of 6