Andrew Chesworth School of Taekwondo Korean Terminology Basic Information Taekwondo was founded by General Choi Hong Hi 9 th Dan on 11 th April 1955. It was introduced to the UK on 2 nd July 1967 by Grandmaster Rhee Ki Ha 9 th Dan. The Great Britain Taekwondo Federation was formed in July 2012. The grading examiners are Master Errol Morgan, Roger Lawrence, Andrew Chesworth Airdrie Taekwondo was formed in June 2000. Caldercruix Taekwondo was formed in 2009. Tenets of Taekwondo Courtesy To be polite to your instructors, seniors and fellow students. Integrity To be honest with yourself. You must be able to define right from wrong. Perseverance To achieve a goal, whether it s a higher grade or any technique, you must not stop trying; you must persevere. Self Control To lose your temper when performing techniques against an opponent can be very dangerous and shows lack of control. To be able to live, work and train within your capability shows good self control. Indomitable Spirit To show courage when you and your principles are pitted against overwhelming odds.
Commands & Numbers Attention - Charyot Bow - Kyong-Ye Ready - Junbi Shout - Kihap Start Si-Jak Stop Goman Return to ready Barrol Dismiss Haessan Forwards Apro Kaggi Backwards Dwiyro Kaggi About Turn Dwiyro Torro Left Wen Right Orun Inwards Anaero Outward Bakaero Break Hechyo Press Ups Momtong Bachia Training Hall Dojang Training Suit Dobok Belt Ti Pattern Tul Instructor Sabum Student Jeja One Hana Two Dool Three Set Four Net Five Dasaul Six yosaul Seven IlGop Eight Yodoll Nine Ahop Ten - Yoll A pattern is set of fundamental movements, mainly defence and attack, set in a logical sequence against one or more imaginary opponents
White Belt (10 th Kup) Tae Foot Kwon Hand Do Art High Section Nopunde Middle Section Kaunde Low Section Najunde Stance Sogi Waking Stance Gunnun Sogi Walking Ready Stance Gunnun Junbi Sogi Sitting Stance Annun Sogi Inner Forearm An Palmok Outer Forearm Bakat Palmok Block Makgi Inner Forearm Middle Block An Palmok Kaunde Makgi Outer Forearm Low Block Bakat Palmok Najunde Makgi Obverse Punch Baro Jirugi Reverse Punch Bandae Jirugi 4 Directional Punch Saju Jirugi (15 Moves) Rising kick Ap Chaolligi White belt signifies innocence as that of the beginning student having no previous knowledge of Taekwondo
Yellow Tag (9 th Kup) L Stance Niunja Sogi Parallel Ready Stance Narani Junbi Sogi Ball of Foot Ap Kumchi Knife Hand Sonkal Fore fist Ap Joomuk Forearm Guarding Block Palmok Daebi Makgi Forearm Rising Block Oalmok Chookyo Makgi Double Punch Doo Jirugi Front Kick Ap Chagi Knife Hand Strike Sonkal Taerigi Step turn Omgyo Didimyo Dolgi Chon Ji (19 Moves) means literally Heaven and Earth. It is in the orient interpreted as the creation of the world, or the beginning of human history. Therefore, it is the initial pattern performed by the beginner. The pattern consists of two similar parts one to represent the Heaven and the other Earth. Yellow belt signifies the earth from which the plant sprouts and takes root as the foundations of Taekwondo are being laid.
Yellow Belt (8 th Kup) 3 Step Sparring Sambo Matsoki (Focus, Distance and Timing) Twin Outer Forearms Block Sang Bakat Palmok Makgi Knife Hand Guarding Block Sonkal Daebi Makgi Forearm Guarding Block - Palmok Daebi Makgi Outer Forearm Inward Block Bakat Palmok Anaero Makgi Back Fist Dung Joomuk Back Fist Front Downward Strike Dung Joomuk Ap Naeryo Taerigi Front Snap Kick Ap Cha Busigi Turning Kick Dollyo Chagi Dan Gun (21 Moves) is named after the Holy Dan Gun, the legendary founder of Korea in 2333 BC. Yellow belt signifies the earth from which the plant sprouts and takes root as the foundations of Taekwondo are being laid.
Green Tags (7 th Kup) Release Move Jap Yasol Tae Spot Turn Gujari Dolgi Fingertips Sonkut Footside Balkal Side Kick Yop Chagi Knife Hand Outward Block Sonkal Bakuro Makgi Outer Forearm Wedging Block Bakat Palmok Hechyo Makgi Outer Forearm High Block Bakat Palmok Nopunde Makgi Back fist high Side Strike Dung Joomuk Nopunde Yop Taerigi Straight Spear Fingertip Thrust Son Sonkut Tulgi Do San (24 Moves) is the Pseudonym of the patriot Ahn Ch ang Ho (1876 1938) who devoted his life to furthering the education of Korea and its independence movement. Green belt signifies the plants growth as Taekwondo skills begin to develop.
Green Belt (6 th Kup) Closed Ready Stance A Moa Junbi Sogi A Fixed Stance Gojung Sogi Bending Ready Stance Guburyo Junbi Sogi Vertical Stance Soo Jik Sogi Foot Shifting Jajun Bal Back Sole Dwi kumchi Palm Sonbadak Reverse Knife Hand Sonkal Dung Outer Forearm Waist block Bakat Palmok Hori Makgi Inner Forearm Circular Block An Palmok Dollimyo Makgi Palm Inward Block Sonbadak Anaero Makgi Knife Hand Inward Strike Sonkal Anaero Taerigi Reverse Knife Hand Inward Strike Sonkal Dung Anaero Taerigi Side Punch Yop Jirugi Side Piercing Kick Yop Cha Jirugi Back kick Dwit Chagi Won Hyo (28 Moves) is the name of the Silla Dynasty monk who reputedly introduced Zen Buddhism to Korea in 686 AD.
Blue Tag (5 th Kup) 2 Step Sparring Ibo Matsoki Free Sparring Jayoo Matsoki Elbow Palkup Knee Moorup Back Heel Dwit Chook Head Mori Twin Knife hand Block Sang Sonkal Makgi Palm Hooking Block Sonbadak Golcho Makgi Grasping Block Bujuba Makgi Elbow Front Strike Palkup Ap Taerigi Twin Upset Punch Sang Dwijibo Jirugi Flat Fingertip Thrust Opun Sonkut Tulgi Side Elbow thrust Yop Palkup Tulgi Twin Vertical Punch Sang Sewo jirugi Knee Kick Moorup Chagi Reverse Turning Kick Bandae Dollyo Chagi Yul Gok (38 Moves) is the pseudonym of the great 16 th century philosopher and scholar Yi I (1536 1584), nicknamed the Confucius of Korea. The 38 movements represent his birth place on the 38 degree latitude. Blue belt signifies the heaven, towards which the plants matures into a towering tree as training in Taekwondo progresses.
Blue Belt (4 th Kup) X Stance Kyocha Sogi Closed Ready Stance B Moa Junbi Sogi B Rear Foot Stance Dwit Bal Sogi Low Stance Nachua Sogi Arc Hand Bandal Son Back Sole Dwit Kumchi Back of Forearm Dung Palmok Palm Upwards Block Sonbadak Ollyo Makgi Double Forearms Block Doo Palmok Makgi Palm Pressing Block Sonbadak Noollo Makgi Twin Straight Forearm Checking Block Sang Sun Palmok Momchau Makgi U Shape Block Mongdungi Makgi Palm Waist Block Sonbadak Hori Makgi X Fist Risong Block Kyocha Joomuk Chookyo Makgi Turning Punch Dollyo Jirugi Side Fist Strike Yop Joomuk Taerigi Palm Strike Sonbadak Taerigi Arc Hand Strike Bandal Son Taerigi Upper Elbow Strike Wi Palkup Taerigi Reverse Hooking Kick Bandae Dollyo Goro Chagi Joon Gun (32 Moves) is named after the patriot An Joong-Gun who assassinated the first Japanese Governor General of Korea, Hiro Bumi Ito. The 32 movements represent Mr An s age when he was executed in Lui Shung Prison in 1910.
Red Tag (3 rd Kup) 1 Step Sparring Ilbo Matsoki Flying Twimyo Jumping Twigi Waist Hori X Fist Pressing Block Kyocha Joomuk Noollo Makgi Palm Pushing Block Sonbadak Miro makgi Knife Hand Low Guarding Block Sonkal Najunde Daebi Makgi Outer Forearms W Shape Block Bakat Palmok San Makgi Double Forearms Pushing Block Doo Palmok Miro Makgi Knife Hand Inward Strike Sonkal Anaero Taerigi Upset Fingertip Thrust Dwijibun Sonkut Tulgi Toi Gye (37 Moves) is the pen name of the 16 th Century scholar Yi Wang who was regarded as an authority on neo-confucianism. The 37 movements represent his birth place on 37 degree latitude. The diagram represents the calligraphy for scholar. Red belt signifies Danger, cautioning the student to exercise control and warning the opponent to beware.
Red Belt (2 nd Kup) A strike is designed to smash or destroy the target area and can impact from any angle to either hard or soft targets. A thrust is designed to penetrate the target area and only drives straight forward towards the soft areas of the body. Do San, Joon Gun and Hwa Rang have release moves within them Closed Ready Stance C Moa Junbi Sogi C Upwards Punch Ollyo Jirugi Knife Hand Downward Strike Sonkal Naeryo Taerigi Side Elbow thrust Yop Palkup Tulgi Flying Kick Twimyo Chagi Downward Kick Naeryo Chagi Cresent Kick Bandal chagi Hooking Kick Golcho Chagi Hwa rang (29 Moves) is the name given to an army of young warriors from the Silla Dynasty of Korea. They were first mentioned in 600 AD, and over the years they gradually became a significant force in the unification of Korea s three Kingdoms. Hwa Rang means Flowering Youth Group that originated in the Silla Dynasty around 600 AD. The 29 movements refer to the 29 th Infantry division where Taekwondo was developed into maturity.
Black Tag (1 st Kup) Twin Palm Upwards Palm block Sang Sonbadak Ollyo Makgi X Knife Hand Checking Block Kyocha Sonkal Momchau Makgi Twin Knife Hand Block Sang Sonkal Makgi Knife Hand Inward Strike Sonkal Anaero Taerigi Reverse Knife Hand Inward Strike Sonkal Dung Anaero Taerigi Back Side Fist Strike Dung Joomuk Yop Taerigi Flying Side Piercing Kick Twimyo Yop Cha Jirugi Twisting Kick Bituro Chagi Downward Kick Naeryo Chagi Vertical Kick Sewo Chagi Choong Moo (30 Moves) was the name given to the Yi Dynasty admiral Yi Sun-Sin. In 1592 AD he was reputed to have invented the world s first armoured battleship (Kobukson), which is said to be the precursor of today s submarine. The reason why this pattern ends in a left hand attack is to symbolise his regrettable death, having no chance to show his unrestrained potentially checked by the forced reservation of his loyalty to the king. Black is the opposite of white, signifying maturity and proficiency. Also indicates the wearers imperviousness to darkness and fear.