YR11 Combined H/T paper Physics Higher Q1.Four students tested their reaction times using a computer program. When a green light appeared on the screen the students had to press a key. Table 1 shows their results. Table 1 Student Reaction time in s Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Mean reaction time in s Boy 1 0.28 0.27 0.26 0.27 Boy 2 0.28 0.47 0.22 0.29 Girl 1 0.31 0.29 0.27 0.29 Girl 2 0.32 0.30 0.29 0.30 What is meant by reaction time in this experiment? (b) Boy 2 had an anomalous result in Test 2. Suggest a reason why. (c) Give one conclusion that can be made from the results in Table 1. (d) (e) Suggest further evidence that you could collect to support your conclusion. Reaction time is important at the start of a race. Table 2 shows the time taken by a boy to run different distances. Page 1
Table 2 Distance in m Time in s 100 12.74 200 25.63 800 139.46 Reaction time is more important in a 100 m race than in an 800 m race. Explain why. (f) Two girls, A and B, ran an 800 m race. The figure below shows how the distance changed with time. Page 2
Compare the motion of runners A and B. Include data from the figure above. (6) (Total 12 marks) Q2.The figure below shows a skateboarder jumping forwards off his skateboard. The skateboard is stationary at the moment the skateboarder jumps. The skateboard moves backwards as the skateboarder jumps forwards. Explain, using the idea of momentum, why the skateboard moves backwards. (3) Page 3
(b) The mass of the skateboard is 1.8 kg and the mass of the skateboarder is 42 kg. Calculate the velocity at which the skateboard moves backwards if the skateboarder jumps forwards at a velocity of 0.3 m / s. Velocity of skateboard =... m / s (3) (Total 6 marks) Q3.A student changed the force applied to a spring by adding weights. The figure below shows a graph of her results. Write down the equation that links the force applied and extension for a spring. (b) Identify the pattern shown in the figure above. Explain your answer. Page 4
(c) Give one way the student could improve her investigation. (d) Describe the relationship between work done and elastic potential energy in stretching a spring. (e) Draw a line on the figure above to show the results for a stiffer spring. Explain the reason for the line you have drawn. (3) (f) Explain what would happen to the spring if the student kept adding weights? (Total 11 marks) Q4.Sound waves cause oscillations in the air. Sound waves are longitudinal. In which direction are the oscillations of the particles compared to the direction of transfer of energy?... Page 5
(b) The diagram shows the disturbance of air molecules in the path of a sound wave at one point in time. (i) (ii) Label the diagram with the letter R, in an area of rarefaction. Label the diagram to show one complete wavelength. (Total 3 marks) Q5. Explain fully why pregnant women should not normally have X-rays of the lower body................ (Total 4 marks) Q6.Electromagnetic waves behave differently in different situations. Electromagnetic waves travel at a speed of 3 10 8 m/s in a vacuum. Microwave radiation has a wavelength of 2 cm. Calculate the frequency of microwave radiation. Use the correct equation from the Physics Equations Sheet. Show clearly how you work out your answer............. Frequency =... hertz (Total 2 marks) Page 6
Q7.Some students did an investigation to study the behaviour of waves. The figure below shows a ripple tank that they used to model the behaviour of waves. Complete the wave fronts on the figure above. (b) Show how the wave is refracted as it passes from the shallow region into the deep region. Explain what happens to the waves as they pass into the deep region. (c) (d) The waves generated on the surface of the water are transverse waves. Describe the differences between longitudinal waves and transverse waves. You may include labelled diagrams to help your answer. Some students investigate the properties of the waves generated in the figure above. Student A says the waves move water from one end of the tank to the other. Student B says that s wrong. Only the waves move, not the water. Page 7 (3)
Suggest what the students could do to decide which of them is correct. (e) Another student uses a ripple tank where all the water is the same depth. She measures the wavelength of each wave as 0.34 m. The period of each wave is 0.42 s. Calculate the speed of the wave. Use the correct equation from the Physics Equation Sheet. Give the unit. Give your answer to three significant figures. Speed =... Unit =... (5) (Total 13 marks) Page 8