Arbitration at the Olympics Issues of fast-track dispute resolution and sports law by Gabrielle Kaufmann-Kohler KLUWER LAW INTERNATIONAL THE HAGUE - LONDON - NEW YORK
TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ix INTRODUCTION: FROM ATLANTA TO SYDNEY 1 Atlanta or the first days 1 Nagano or adolescence 2 Sydney or the age of maturity 2 And what about the courts? 3 How to use this book? 4 Broader perspective on contemporary dispute resolution 4 II ARBITRATION AT THE SYDNEY OLYMPIC GAMES 7 1. Sydney and arbitration - or how fast can arbitrators go? 7 1. The ad hoc Division and its arbitration rules 7 2. The Sydney cases 9 2.1 Overview 9 2.2 Perez 11 2.2.1 Facts 11 2.2.2 Act 1: Rule 46 OC 12 2.2.3 Act 2: Statelessness under international standards 12 2.2.4 Act 3: Due process and speed 13 2.2.5 Addendum: Miranda, another Cuban eligibility dispute 14 2.3 Baumann 15 2.3.1 Facts.! 15 2.3.2 Jurisdiction 15 2.3.3 Resjudicata 16 2.3.4 Merits 17 2.4 Melinte 17 2.4.1 Facts and procedure 17 2.4.2 Jurisdiction 18 2.4.3 Merits in expedited form 18 2.5 Segura 19 2.5.1 Facts and arguments 19
vi Table of contents 2.5.2 Arbitrability 19 2.5.3 Merits 20 3. Selected issues 20 3.1 Place of arbitration 20 3.2 Jurisdiction 22 3.2.1 Raguz and multiparty arbitration scheme 22 3.2.2 Jurisdiction of the ad hoc Division 23 a) Athletes 23 b) IFs 24 c) NOCs 24 d) National federations 25 e) Organising Committee of the Olympic Games 25 f) Manufacturers of sports equipment 25 3.3 Arbitrability 25 3.4 Law applicable to the merits 27 3.4.1 General principles of law 27 3.4.2 Ascertaining the law - or do you need to prove the law? 27 4. How fast can arbitrators go? 30 4.1 The need for speed 30 4.2 Achieving speed 31 4.3 Hurdles and how to overcome them 32 4.3.1 Anti-arbitration injunction, parallel proceedings, and Us pendens 32 4.3.2 Identifying and joining the parties 34 4.3.3 Due process: notice and evidence taking - or how fast can parties go? 36 a) Notice 37 b) Evidence taking 38 2. Memorandum on the CAS ad hoc Division 41 1. Parties and disputes 41 2. Structure of the CAS ad hoc Division 41 3. Arbitration Rules 43 3.1 Integral part of Code 43 3.2 Course of arbitration 43 -Application 43 - Formation of the arbitral tribunal 43 - Interim Relief 43 - Hearing and evidence 44 - Full power to establish the facts 44 - Law governing the merits 44 -Award 44 - Referral to usual CAS arbitration 45
Table of contents vii -Publication 45 3.3 Compliance with fundamental principles of natural justice 45 4. Jurisdiction of the CAS ad hoc Division 46 5. Place or "seat" of arbitration 47 5.1 Seat in Lausanne 47 5.2 Reasons for choice of seat 47 5.3 The seat: a legal connection 49 6. Municipal law governing the arbitration 50 3. Raguz v. Sullivan New South Wales Court of Appeal, 1 September 2000 51 4. Raducan v. International Olympic Committee Swiss Supreme Court, 4 December 2000 80 4.1 English translation 80 4.2 Original French version 81 III ARBITRATION AT THE NAGANO OLYMPIC GAMES NAGANO AND ARBITRATION - OR TOWARDS A PROXIMATE JUSTICE 95 1. Introduction 95 2. The CAS In Nagano 95 2.1 Rebagliati v. IOC 95 2.2 Samuelsson v. International Ice Hockey Federation 97 2.3 Other proceedings 99 3. Three topics for consideration 100 3.1 The law governing the merits: globalization by the application of general principles of law 100 3.2 The law governing the arbitration procedure: (de)localization by fixing the seat at Lausanne 101 3.3 Resolving disputes: a proximate system of justice 103 IV ARBITRATION AT THE ATLANTA GAMES ARBITRATION AND THE GAMES OR THE FIRST EXPERIENCE OF THE OLYMPIC DIVISION OFTHE COURT OF ARBITRATION FOR SPORT 105 1. Goal: fair, fast and free 105 2. Structure 106 3. Legal framework 106 3.1 Jurisdiction 106 3.2 Applicable procedural rules and seat ofthe arbitration 107 3.3 Rules applicable to merits ofthe dispute 108
viii Table of contents 4. Course ofthe arbitration 109 5. Practical organization 110 6. Cases submitted to the Olympic Division 111 6.1 US Swimming v. FINA Ill 6.2 Andrade, White and Little.vNOC Cape Verde 112 6.3 Andrade 2 112 6.4 Mendyv.AIBA 113 6.5 Korneev and Russian NOC v. IOC; Gouliev and Russian NOC v. IOC 114 7. Conclusions: what lessons are to be learned? 115 V CAS ARBITRATION RULES FOR THE OLYMPIC GAMES 117 1. Arbitration Rules for the Games ofthe XXVII Olympiad in Sydney 118 2. Reglement d'arbitrage pour les Jeux de la XXVIIeme Olympiade a Sydney 119 VI STANDARD FORMS USED BY THE CAS AD HOC DIVISION 135 1. Standard request for arbitration 136 2. Summons to appear 142 INDEX 145 SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY 149 LIST OF CITED AWARDS AND CASES 155 CAS ad hoc Division awards 155 Other CAS awards 158 Court cases 159 ABREVIATIONS 161